Who invented the titanic. How were people saved from high society? Class discrimination on the Titanic. Investigation of the site of the sinking of the Titanic

To point 13.
I will clarify: both the Olympic (RMS Olympic), and the subsequent ships of the Titanic and Britannic series - transatlantic liners White company Star Lines had a unique design for their time: they could stay afloat when any 2 of the 16 watertight compartments were flooded, any 3 of the first 5 compartments, or all 4 bow compartments in a row, starting from the forepeak.
Unfortunately, no one imagined that the water would immediately go to six bow compartments and as the trim grew on the bow, it would begin to overflow through the watertight bulkheads, because usually the aforementioned ones did not reach the mast clots and sequential flooding of the compartments would begin. It wasn't a warship...

To point 12.
And, for example: "Hans Hedtoft", January 7, 1959? SOS - January 7, 1959, around 0200: "Iceberg struck. Position 59.5 N - 43.0 W." 02 "Engine room flooded with water." 03 "Took a lot of water into the engine room." Approximately 05 "Sinking, need immediate help." That's all ... Rescued, bodies and debris were not found. 55 passengers and 39 crew members died.
For reference: "Hans Hedtoft": a Danish cargo-passenger ship with a displacement of 3000 tons, the second voyage on the line Greenland - continental ports. It was intended for navigation in ice (double the thickness of the sides in the ice belt, double bottom, 7 watertight compartments, special reinforcement of the bow and stern ends).

To point 9.
According to the data of the investigation, 37.5 seconds elapsed between the call of the lookout Frederick Fleet (Frederick Fleet: 10/15/1887 - 01/10/1965) and the moment the iceberg touched. During this time, the liner passed 1316 feet and deviated from the course by 23 degrees (109 feet / 33.22 meters to the left of the original trajectory).
By the way. Frederick Fleet was found hanged on January 10, 1965 in his garden on Normand Street. The coroner's report indicated that he had mental confusion, but acquaintances believed that the whole thing was in his depressive state, which began after the death of his wife, and was partly due to the fact that Fleet never got rid of his guilt for the death of passengers . He was buried without any honors in the grave of a "beggar" in Hollybrook Cemetery in Southampton. There was not even a tombstone on his grave, and only in 1993 did the Titanic Historical Society Inc. with the money of private donations, a commemorative plate with an engraving depicting the Titanic was installed. Another victim of the disaster, isn't it?

To point 8.
There was no "mirage". There was a "black" iceberg: when it turns over, its part that was previously in the water does not differ in color from the water. Especially on a moonless night. There was no rough sea at all, so there was no white strip of foam at the "waterline" of the iceberg either. And there were no binoculars from the lookouts - historical fact. They just didn't see him...

To point 3.
Incorrect photo. It should have been signed like this: "The boats of the Titanic. Thirteen of them were found in total. And here they are at the 13th berth in New York, where this magnificent liner was supposed to come"
...
This is a bit of my hobby, in any case, a normal library has gathered in different languages and I am familiar with the documents of the official investigation. To begin with, I recommend: www.titanicinquiry.org - complete punctures of investigations in the States and Britain ( English language).

Therefore, let me make a value judgment that the Titanic was destroyed by the command "Stop the car - full back" (McMaster Murdoch's hand movement), which could not be executed.

Alas, only for a full reverse of the machines "from full forward to full back" (an investigative experiment at the Olympic and I can not describe the features steam engines) it took more than 15 minutes - while the liner, before the propellers began to rotate at the speed corresponding to "full back", traveled about 2 miles - about 3.7 km. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the features of the rudder propeller group. Three screws, one rudder blade. The right and left screws were driven by steam engines (reversible), the middle one - by a turbine (irreversible). After the "stop" command, the liner actually lost control and instead of circulation (a circle with a diameter of 3850 feet), it began to move in a spiral with an increasing radius tending to infinity. At the same time, if the command "Full forward, all steam to forward" had been given, then on the turnaround course of 23 degrees he would have been 8 seconds earlier and by the time "37.5" he would have gone to the left by 92.6 meters. True, there were nuances, like rolling the stern, usually solved by the "coordinate" maneuver (Wiki?), But that's a completely different story ...

Meanwhile. It is documented that closer to midnight on April 14, 1912, there were only two oilers at the control post of the Titanic machines (according to the table of ranks - the level of ordinary stokers, only those are trained to shovel with a shovel, and these with an oil can). It is not surprising - after all, the previous command from the bridge was received more than three days ago ...

Sorry, it's long, but I haven't said everything yet...

Exactly 100 years have passed since the most famous maritime disaster in history - the sinking of the Titanic. On the night of April 14-15, 1912, the ship collided with an iceberg and sank in the waters. North Atlantic.

Among all maritime disasters that occurred in peacetime, in terms of the number of victims, the Titanic ranks third - 1,517 people.

We recall the events of 100 years ago.

The Titanic was built between 1909 and 1911 by the Harland and Wolf shipbuilding company (Belfast, Northern Ireland). In the photo: workers walk from the Harland and Wolf factory in Belfast. A ship still under construction can be seen in the background, 1911. (Photo by Photographic Archive | Harland & Wolff Collection | Cox):

The Titanic was launched on May 31, 1911. In the photo: a ship at the Harland and Wolf shipyard before launching, 1911:

In April 1912, the largest passenger liner in the world left the English port of Southampton for New York. in your first and last trip . On board were the richest people in the world. (Photo by United Press International):

Departure from the English port of Southampton, April 10, 1912. The dimensions of the Titanic are 269 meters long, 28.2 meters wide, 18.4 meters high. The Titanic was taller than most city buildings of the time. (AP Photo):

Titanic was not only the largest, but also the most luxurious liner of its time: there were gyms, swimming pools, libraries, upscale restaurants and luxurious cabins. In the Foto: one of the restaurants

There were three classes on the Titanic: 1st, 2nd and 3rd. This photo of second class room. (Photo by The New York Times Photo Archives | American Press Association):

English naval officer (27 January 1850 – 15 April 1912). (Photo by The New York Times Archives):

William McMaster Murdoch - First Mate. It was he who kept watch and could not prevent a collision with an iceberg. William Murdoch died with the Titanic.

IN film of the same name James Cameron shows how Murdoch took money from a wealthy passenger for the right to board the boat, shot two passengers, and then shot himself. All this is not true. In fact, William Murdoch honestly fulfilled his duty and did everything in order to save as much as possible more people. 75% of all those rescued from the Titanic were evacuated from the starboard side, where rescue operation commanded by William Murdoch. (AP Photo):

Photo of the 30-meter-high iceberg that the Titanic is believed to have collided with. The picture was taken from the cable-laying ship Mina, which was one of the first ships to find the wreckage of the Titanic. According to the Mina crew, it was the only iceberg near the crash site.

The iceberg belonged to a rare type of "black icebergs", i.e. turned over so that their dark underwater part hits the surface. Because of this, he was seen too late. At the time of the collision of the iceberg with the Titanic, a pressure of 2.5 tons per sq.cm arose. Thick metal would have withstood, but the rivets holding the metal sheets of the Titanic's hull did not. The seams parted to a length of about 90 meters, immediately damaging 5 of the 16 conditionally watertight compartments of the ship. (Photo by United States Coast Guard):

Almost all the women and children from cabins 1 and 2 were saved from the Titanic. More than half of the women and children from the 3rd class cabins died, because. it was difficult for them to get up through the labyrinths of narrow corridors. Also, almost all the men died. Total at the sinking of the Titanic 1,517 people died.

In the photo: the lifeboat "Titanic", taken by one of the passengers of the steamer "Carpathia", it was "Carpathia" who took it off the boats survivors of the Titanic (712 people). (Photo by National Maritime Museum | London):

Another photograph taken by a passenger of the steamer Karpatia, showing boats from rescued passengers Titanic. (Photo by National Maritime Museum | London):

There were 2,229 people on board the Titanic, and the total capacity of the lifeboats was only 1,178 people. The reason was that, according to the rules then in force, the total capacity of lifeboats depended on the tonnage of the vessel, and not on the number of passengers and crew members. And without a boat, only in a life jacket, it was almost impossible to survive: the temperature of the outboard water was only 0.56 degrees Celsius.

In the photo: the boat picks up a passenger in a life jacket from the water. (Photo by Paul Treacy | EPA | PA):

Survivors disembark from the rescue ship Carpathia, New York, April 17, 1912. (Photo by American Press Association):

Greeting survivors from the Titanic, New York. (Photo by The New York Times Photo Archives | Times Wide World):

In the photo: the family that was on board the Titanic. The daughter and mother survived, the father died. (AP Photo):

New York, April 14, 1912. People on the streets are waiting for news about the fate of the passengers of the sunken Titanic. (AP Photo):

Hanging out on the street in New York last news about the number of survivors and deaths. (Photo by The New York Times Photo Archives):

The very first articles from the Ogonyok magazine published in April 1912. So in Russia they learned the details at a time when there was no Internet, television and even radio. It is worth noting that when the Titanic sank, in Russia it was the morning of April 2 according to the Julian calendar, and in Europe and America it was the night from 14 to 15 according to the Gregorian calendar:

Postcard with the Titanic, 1912. (Photo by New York Times Archives):

The rarest exhibit ticket for the first and last flight Titanic. (Photo):

The wreck of the Titanic was discovered on September 1, 1985.. This was done by former US Navy Commander and Professor of Oceanology Robert Duane Ballard. Initially, he planned to keep the coordinates of the ship's location secret so that no one could desecrate this place, which he considered a cemetery.

On the first dive, Ballard's team confirmed the fact that the Titanic broke in two during the dive.

In the photo: "Titanic" at the bottom Atlantic Ocean at a depth of 3,750 meters. 1999 (Photo by P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology):

Among all maritime disasters that occurred in peacetime, Titanic ranks third in terms of the number of victims- 1,517 people.

Sad 1st place belongs to the Philippine ferry "Dona Paz", which collided in 1987 with an oil tanker. More than 4,000 people died in the collision and subsequent fire.

2nd place belongs to the wooden paddle steamer Sultansha, which sank on April 27, 1865 on the Mississippi River due to a steam boiler explosion and fire. More than 1,700 people died.

The starboard side of the Titanic, August 28, 2010. (Photo by Premier Exhibitions, Inc. | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution):

(Photo by Institute for Archaeological Oceanography & Institute for Exploration/University of Rhode Island Grad. School of Oceanography):

One of the propellers of the ship, lying at the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. (Photo by Ralph White | AP):

The 17-ton part of the Titanic's hull is lifted to the surface, 1998. (Photo by RMS Titanic, Inc. via Associated Press):

The same 17-ton part from the Titanic, July 22, 2009. (Photo by RMS Titanic, Inc., via Associated Press):

A huge number of different items were scattered on the seabed, among which were parts of the ship, interior items and personal belongings of passengers. At an auction in April 2012, timed to coincide with the 100th anniversary of the sinking of the Titanic, 5,000 items were sold in a single lot.

Gold-plated pocket watch salvaged from the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. (Photo by Kirsty Wigglesworth Associated Press):

Money. (Photo by Stanley Leary | Associated Press):

Photographs from the collection of Lillian Asplund (right), survivor of the sinking of the Titanic. Then she was 5 years old. (Photo by Kirsty Wigglesworth | Associated Press):

Binoculars, comb, dishes and a cracked lamp. (Photo by Michel Boutefeu | Getty Images, Chester Higgins Jr. | The New York Times):

Glasses. (Photo by Bebeto Matthews | Associated Press):

Chronometer from the captain's bridge. (Photo by Alastair Grant | AP):

(Photo by Chang W. Lee | The New York Times):

Spoons. (Photo by Douglas Healey | Associated Press):

Gilded handbag. (Photo by Mario Tama | Getty Images):

More photos of the Titanic. The bow and stern parts of the vessel were found on the ocean floor 650 meters apart. (Photo by COPYRIGHT© 2012 RMS TITANIC, INC; Produced by AIVL, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution):

This is the first Full image of the sunken Titanic, compiled from 1,500 individual shots high definition obtained with the help of sonars - means of sound detection of underwater objects using acoustic radiation. View from above. (Photo by COPYRIGHT© 2012 RMS TITANIC, INC; Produced by AIVL, WHOI). (Clickable, 2400×656 px):

Broken stern. Side view. In addition, the best steel of the time, from which the Titanic was made, became brittle at low temperatures. (Photo by COPYRIGHT© 2012 RMS TITANIC, INC; Produced by AIVL, WHOI). (Clickable, 2400×824 px):

Two engines of the Titanic - the largest passenger liner in the world at the time of construction, which was considered unsinkable. (Clickable, 2400×1692 px):

An interesting fact: the last of the surviving passengers of the Titanic, Millvina Dean, who at the time of the crash of the liner was 2.5 months old, died on May 31, 2009 at the age of 97 years.

The cause of the collapse of the largest ocean liner of its time, the Titanic could have been a fire in the fuel storage.

According to the British journalist Shannon Moloney, who studied the history of the ship for thirty years, the fire on board started even before the ship left Southampton, and they unsuccessfully tried to extinguish it for several weeks. During this time, the lining of the liner heated up, which is why the collision with the iceberg ended so badly.

According to The Independent newspaper, the journalist succeeded in making before the start of the Titanic's journey. Moloney found traces of soot in the area of the skin, which was subsequently damaged due to a collision with an iceberg. According to experts, with a high probability they arose due to a fire in one of the liner's fuel storage facilities.

According to the researcher, the owners of the ship knew about the fire, but hid this fact from the passengers. The team was also ordered to keep quiet about the fire. According to Shannon Moloney, as a result of the fire, the ship's skin heated up to a temperature of about 1000 degrees Celsius, which made the steel, which had lost up to 75 percent of its strength, extremely brittle.

According to the journalist, when on the fifth day of the trip the Titanic collided with an iceberg, the skin could not stand it, a huge hole appeared in the board. Therefore, the iceberg cannot be considered the only culprit of the disaster that claimed the lives of more than 1500 people on April 15, 1912.

Note, "" belonged to the British company "White Star Line". At the time of construction, it was considered the largest passenger liner in the world, and, moreover, was considered unsinkable. May 31, 1911 the liner was launched. "The Lord himself cannot sink this ship!" - said about the ship its captain Edward John Smith.

A little over a year later, the Titanic set off on its maiden voyage. There were 2224 people on board: 1316 passengers and 908 crew members. On April 14, 1912, the ship collided with an iceberg and sank 2 hours and 40 minutes later. 711 people were saved, 1513 died ...

With icebergs, too, everything is not so simple. Typically, Greenland icebergs get stuck in shallow waters off the coast of Labrador and Newfoundland and only swim further south after they have melted thoroughly, often under the influence of the tides. However, in the case of the Titanic, several large icebergs managed to swim far south at once.

Physicist Donald Olson of the University of Texas (USA) and his colleagues investigated the hypothesis of oceanographer Fergus Wood, who claimed that the icebergs were lifted from the shallows by the tide in January 1912, when the Moon was unusually close to the Earth. By mid-April fatal ice mountain reached the collision site.

Indeed, says Olson, on January 4, 1912, the Moon approached the Earth at its most close quarters over the last 1400 years. On the eve of the Earth as close as possible to the Sun. The Moon and the Sun found themselves in such a position when their mutual gravitational influence on the Earth increased. Obeying the force of the tide, the killer iceberg broke off from Greenland and set off.

At the same time, one of the most big mysteries associated with the death of the Titanic, is more than the frivolous behavior of the captain of the liner, Edward Smith. An experienced sea wolf, who repeatedly plowed the waters of the North Atlantic, for some reason did not pay attention to the warning about approaching icebergs. Perhaps he simply did not believe the information about them.

Although it could be something else. The hypothesis, which radically changes the history of the catastrophe, belongs to two researchers - amateur Robin Gardner (a plasterer by profession) and historian Dan Van der Wat. Having studied the archives navy for 50 years, they came to the conclusion that it was not the Titanic that actually died, but another ship - the Olympic! The latter was built almost simultaneously with the Titanic and at the same shipyards. But from the very first days, this ship was haunted by trouble. When it was launched on October 20, 1910, it crashed into a dam. The owner of the ship, Bruce Ismay, and the owner of the Harland and Wolf shipyards, Lord Pirrie, were forced to pay a considerable amount for repairs and damages, which almost ruined them.

While sailing, "Olympic" repeatedly got into accidents. After that, not a single insurance company undertook to insure the "damned ship." And then Ismay and Pirrie conceived the "scam of the century" - to send the Olympic under the name "Titanic" to sail across the Atlantic and, when it crashed, get insurance for it - 52 million pounds sterling!

The owners had no doubt that their plan would succeed. To protect the passengers, they intended to send another ship along the same route, which, supposedly by accident, would pick up passengers and crew. But, in order not to arouse any suspicion, the shipowners decided that the "rescue" ship would leave the pier no earlier than a week after the start of navigation. Alas, I had to wait only three days ...

The captain of the imaginary "Titanic" Edward John Smith was ready to fulfill any order from his superiors. So, a few hours before the tragedy, binoculars were confiscated from the on-duty observers. And a few minutes before the crash, Smith allegedly ordered the liner to be turned sideways towards the iceberg. It seemed like he was trying to ensure disaster!

The further history of the Titanic (or the pseudo-Titanic) is known to us. What happened to the real Titanic? According to Gardner and van der Wat, under a different name, he sailed safely, first as part of the Royal Navy, then he was acquired by the White Star Line. The ship was taken ashore in 1935.

Is it "his" death (or the ship that everyone took for the "Titanic")? Or was he "helped" to crash? This we will most likely never know. Of course, both the "conspiracy theory" and the "moon hypothesis" are nothing more than versions. But the fact remains: the Titanic sank. And whatever led to his demise, change tragic fate We are no longer able to use this vessel...

Did the "Titanic" (or the ship that everyone took for the "Titanic") die by "his" death? Or was he "helped" to crash? This we will most likely never know. Of course, both the "conspiracy theory" and the "moon hypothesis" are nothing more than versions. But the fact remains: the Titanic sank. And, no matter what led to its death, we are no longer able to change the tragic fate of this ship ...

The tragic legend of the Titanic

The idea of building the largest ship in the world belongs to Bruce Ismay and James Pirrie, who combined the efforts of two companies - the shipbuilding "Harland and Wolf" and the transatlantic trade and passenger "White Star Line". On March 31, 1909, the construction of the Titanic began and by 1912 its cost was $7.5 million, which is 10 times more today.

3,000 people worked on the creation of a giant ship. The weight of the Titanic was 66,000 tons, and the length was equal to the length of four city blocks. The liner was equipped with 10 meters lifeboats, with a capacity of 76 people and in the amount of 20 pieces. Since the number of passengers on the Titanic exceeded 2 thousand people, this number of boats was clearly not enough, since they could only save 30% of the planned load of people. The Titanic was equipped with the most modern high-power radio equipment at that time. The cabins were luxurious. Also on board the famous ship were a gym, a library, restaurants and swimming pools.

First voyage and the sinking of the Titanic

May 31, 1911 In 1999, the largest passenger liner was launched in Belfast (Northern Ireland), which required a record amount of locomotive oil, grease and liquid soap to lubricate the gangways. This process lasted only 62 seconds. April 10, 1912 the ship sails on its first and, unfortunately, last voyage. There were 2,207 people on board the Titanic, including 898 crew members and 1,309 passengers, including famous people, millionaires and industrialists, writers and actors. April 14, 1912 an iceberg was seen from the ship at a distance of about 450 meters. The Titanic made a maneuver, but still collided with an obstacle and received numerous holes 100 meters long. Thus, 16 watertight compartments were damaged, and under the weight of the ship he listed very strongly. Water continued to flood all compartments. 2 hours 40 minutes after the impact, the liner sank completely.

Passenger rescue

The captain of the ship I. Smith was afraid of panic among the passengers. Therefore, the inhabitants of the suites and the two first classes were gently informed by the stewards about the minor damage to the liner and asked to go on deck. Third class passengers were not even aware of the imminent danger. In addition, the exit was blocked for the inhabitants of the lower deck, and many of them, wandering along the corridors of the ship, could not get out of the trap. That is, priority in salvation was given to VIPs and representatives of the upper class. Most of the passengers were confident that the Titanic was unsinkable and refused to board the boats. The captain did his best to persuade them to leave the ship.

By order of I. Smith, women and children were the first to be saved, but among them there were many men. The first boats, which were already in short supply, left half full. So the boat number 1 was called "millionaire" and was filled with only 12 people out of the required 40. Realizing the dramatic nature of the situation and in order to divert the attention of passengers, the captain of the Titanic asked the leader of the orchestra to start playing. Eight professional musicians, understanding what they are playing last time in life, gave out clear rhythmic sounds of jazz that drowned out the sounds of screams coming from the third deck and the shots of revolvers. So, when the last boats were lowered, panic began, and the ship's officers had to use weapons. In the engine room, work did not stop until the last. So mechanics and stokers made every effort to ensure that the liner was provided with electric lighting for the operation of the radio station. The Titanic did not stop sending requests for rescue to ships that were near the liner.

The ship "Carpathia" was the first to respond to the SOS signal, which rushed to the rescue at maximum speed. Within two hours, 712 people were picked up, and the remaining 1,495 people died. People who did not get on the boats jumped into the water wearing life jackets, but the water was icy, so even a healthy man could only survive in such conditions for about an hour. Also near the scene of the tragedy were two more ships. Fishermen on the schooner Samson were engaged in shadow sealing, so when they saw the white signal lights of the Titanic, they thought it was the Coast Guard and hurried away from this place. If the liner had red signal lights, then lives could be saved more of people. At the same time, the captain of the Californian, seeing the lights, thought of fireworks being set off on the Titanic. The ship's radio station was not working, as the radio operator was resting after the watch. For failure to provide assistance in the sinking of the Titanic, the captain of the Californian was stripped of his rank.

Survivors and dead

Almost all the women and children who lived in the cabins of the first and second classes were saved, unlike the passengers and their babies from the lower decks, who were blocked from exiting. As a percentage, 20% of men and 74% of all women were saved. 56 children survived, which was slightly more than half of the total. Lillian Gertrud Asplund, an American who witnessed the sinking of the Titanic, died in 2006. At that time she was five years old, and in this terrible catastrophe she lost her father and brothers. It is worth noting that they were third-class passengers. In boat number 15, her mother and three-year-old brother escaped with her. Lillian rarely spoke about the tragedy and always avoided questions and public attention. In May 2009, at the age of 97, the last passenger of the Titanic, who at the time of the shipwreck was only two and a half years old, died.

Crash hypotheses

Versions about the causes of the crash were completely different. But experts clearly name a few of them. The Titanic was built in the shortest possible time and had many shortcomings. So, when building a ship, in some places they used pins made of base material, which was brittle. Therefore, after colliding with an iceberg, the ship cracked the hull exactly where the low-grade steel rods were used. Due to the huge dimensions and weight of the Titanic, it was clumsy, so he could not dodge the obstacle.

Exploration of the shipwreck

On September 1, 1985, the sunken remains of the liner were discovered by an expedition led by Dr. Robert Ballard, director of the Woods Hole Institute of Oceanology in Massachusetts. The depth of occurrence at the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean was 3750 meters. The wreck was located 13 miles west of the coordinates where the Titanic had transmitted an SOS signal. The remains of the liner received protection from the 2001 UNESCO Convention for the Protection of the Underwater cultural heritage in April 2012, one hundred years after the flood. Thus, the ship has protection from plunder, destruction and sale. Such measures are necessary to ensure proper treatment of the remains of the dead. In August 2001, the shipwreck was investigated by diving to the Titanic on the Russian deep-sea submersibles Mir-1 and Mir-2. The initiators of this was director James Cameron. Through the use of small ROV submersibles Jack and Elwood, unique footage was captured that formed the basis of the documentary film Ghosts of the Abyss: Titanic (2003), which shows the remains of the ship from the inside. In 1997, the public saw the film Titanic, which won an Oscar. In the creation of the film, footage from the underwater shooting of the liner was used, capturing its interior and exterior.

Despite the fact that many years have passed since the crash of the liner, this topic is still relevant. So the millionaire from Australia, Clive Palmer, announced to the whole world about his desire to build a copy of the sunken ship and create a cruise ship"Titanic-2". Hypothetically, the object will be ready by 2016. He will have four steam pipes, like its analogue, but at the same time equipped with modern running and navigation equipment.

Film "Ghosts of the Abyss" (2003)

At the time of construction, the Titanic was considered the largest passenger liner in the world. During the first flight from Southampton to New York on April 14, 1912. The Titanic collided with an iceberg and sank after 2 hours and 40 minutes. There were 1,316 passengers and 908 crew members on board, for a total of 2,224 people. Of these, 711 people were saved, 1513 died.

Scientists managed to recreate the most complete map the site of the Titanic tragedy. 130,000 photographs taken by robots in the depths of the Atlantic Ocean were used. The map shows the wreckage of the ship and things scattered over 15 square miles.

The remains of the Titanic were found on September 1, 1985, 13 miles from the place where, according to preliminary information, it sank at a depth of 3,800 m.

Due to the fact that the stern and bow parts of the vessel did not sink at the same time and now lie at a distance of 1970 feet from each other, the area around for 3-5 miles is littered with debris from the ship.

A detailed image could shed some light on what happened after the "unsinkable" liner collided with an iceberg and sank.

“If we want to investigate the site of the sinking of the Titanic from the testimony of those who survived, we must understand the nature and physical condition of what still lies at the bottom,” said David Gallo, leader of the expedition to investigate the sinking of the ship.

This is not the first time the crash site has been mapped. The first attempts began shortly after the sunken liner was discovered. The researchers used photographs taken by remotely controlled cameras that did not venture far from the bow and stern.

Thus, all previous maps are incomplete and cover only fragments of the disaster area.

Creation of a detailed wreckage map began in the summer of 2010 as part of a project to "virtually recreate" the Titanic "and preserve its legacy for all time".

During the expedition, autonomous submersibles surveyed the accessible surface thanks to side-scan sonar. The wreckage was then fixed vehicles remote control equipped with cameras.

As a result, 130,000 high-resolution photographs were collected on a computer to represent detailed map"Titanic" and the surrounding seabed.

“The image is amazing. There you are at the bottom of the ocean and you move by the seabed. Even those who survived on the Titanic are looking at it with their jaws dropped,” Gallo said.

The new data will be detailed in a two-hour documentary on the History channel on April 15, exactly 100 years after the sinking of the Titanic.

During the show, thanks to computer simulations, an immersion in reverse direction. In a virtual hangar, the remains of the Titanic will be lifted to the surface and assembled into a ship.

Particular attention was paid to the piles of rubble. Oceanographers at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution US state Massachusetts and US weather service NOAA provided support to the researchers. Now the History Channel will present the results to the public.

Now computer simulations, which are based on photographs, should show the exact course of events during this historical disaster. Perhaps new data will be obtained on defects in the design of this huge ship, which was considered a miracle of technology