Khibiny, Khibiny mountains. Khibiny - ice hellas
In the central part of the Kola Peninsula in Murmansk region is unique in its natural features edge. This is a large mountain range called Khibiny. He attracts everything more people both for scientific purposes and for recreation in beautiful and clean nature.
The name "Khibiny" appeared recently, before that the mountain system was called the Sami word "Umptek". It is believed that the geological age of this mountain country reaches about 350 million years. The exact origin of the name Khibiny is still unknown, although according to the Russian dialect Arkhangelsk region and the Kola Peninsula, the term "Khiben" prevails, which means "plateau". The Khibiny mountain massif in its shape is more like a horseshoe, somewhat open towards the east.
Here are the world's largest deposits of apatite containing phosphorus, as well as titanium, molybdenum ores and many other rare elements that have become a reliable base for the mining industry of the North. Therefore, the Khibiny massif is also called mineralogical. natural museum.
The highest point is Mount Yudychvumchorr (from 1200 to 1206 meters).
In the Khibiny beyond the Arctic Circle, the polar night lasts 42 days. Climate with frequent cyclones, sharp drops in atmospheric pressure. From August to mid-April, you can watch the picturesque northern lights.
Summer is short, in the mountains 60-80 days without frost. The maximum precipitation also falls in summer. The polar day lasts 50 days.
In the Khibiny mountain plateaus, there is a lot of precipitation. During the year, precipitation is distributed almost evenly, a little more in summer, a little less in winter.
The slopes and foothills of the mountains are occupied exclusively coniferous forests: spruce forests, pine forests, with an admixture of birch species. A little higher - birch crooked forest. Next comes the tundra, almost completely covered with small shrubs - blueberries, lingonberries, crowberries, bearberries, as well as various types lichens. After the first frosts, the leaves quickly acquire a rich, bright color, creating a multi-colored carpet of incredible beauty. As the height increases along the slopes, bare areas of rocky embankments can be found. The flora of the Khibiny mountains is especially valuable, because a considerable number of representatives of local vegetation are listed in the Red Book.
IN summer time in the Khibiny there are many tourists hiking along the rivers and along mountain passes enjoying beautiful scenery mountains and river valleys. In the winter-spring period, Khibiny is an ideal ski resort. When there is almost no snow in the middle part of Russia, there is plenty of it here and it does not melt for a long time.
Visiting the Khibiny, you can see the sights of nearby cities or get acquainted with the culture of the native inhabitants of the north - the Saami.
#Khibiny #Apatity #Kola Peninsula #rest in Russia #RFARUS
Not everyone dreams in hot weather summer days golden beach sand. For some, plunging into the warm sea is the highest point of enjoyment, while others choose the snow-white peaks of mountain ranges as a break from gray boring everyday life. Admirers of the Alps and the Carpathians sometimes do not even realize the existence of another picturesque and dynamic mountain system near the Barents Sea, Khibiny (Murmansk region).
If you know the location of the Khibiny massif on the map of Russia, it is easy to compare the favorable location and the existence of an entire tourism infrastructure to decide where the next ski vacation will take place.
Khibiny is a low mountain system with greatest height at 2,200 m. Of course, the adrenaline is not the same as in the Alps, but the tourist will definitely not have a reason to worry about the presence of snow, because there is plenty of it. Such a guarantee snow-capped peaks gives the location of the Khibiny - the Arctic. The main city here is Kirovsk. The entire infrastructure for tourists is concentrated here, divided into 4 ski areas. Nearby there is also the city of Apatity with its lifts and ski slopes. About the Khibiny mountains of Murmansk The region is not much written even in the famous Wikipedia, and not everyone knows how to get there, but this information will certainly come in handy for the most purposeful.
Khibiny: where to find and how to get there
This massif is already more than 300 million years old. Yudychvumchorr acts as the highest point of the mountains and occupies a height of 1,200 m above sea level. Despite the very modest size, the massif is the most majestic in the entire Arctic. According to tourists who have already been lucky enough to visit the Khibiny, the air here is very rarefied, but not from a high location, as is commonly believed, but because of the Arctic currents.
Kola Peninsula- this is where the Khibiny mountains are located. Kirovsk, which is the main city, is located near Helsinki, the Finnish capital, and is one of the most influential in the Murmansk region. The beauty of the Khibiny town is enclosed in a mountain semicircle, closed on the fourth side by a lake Big Woodyavr. The city arose relatively recently, in the 1920s, as a result of industrial development of the mineral apatite. Kirovsk can be found on the southern slope of the mountains and just 12 km from it, on the banks of the Belaya River, Apatity is located. The territory is part of the Zasheikovsky forestry.
Getting to the snowy Russian fairy tale is easy. Khibiny Airport is an hour's drive from Kirovsk and receives flights from St. Petersburg and Moscow. Since the passenger traffic is quite large, the airport simply cannot cope with its small size, and most tourists prefer to fly through Murmansk, which receives daily flights from any corner of the vast Motherland.
Which airlines fly to Khibiny:
- "RusLine";
- "Russia";
- UTair.
Already from Murmansk you can get to Khibiny by regular bus in just 3–3.5 hours. Transfer by train will take the tourist a whole day.
Climatic conditions of the mountains
The climate of the Khibiny regions is very mysterious and unusual for the average Russian living somewhere in central regions. The Khibiny are located a little to the north arctic circle, which means that in addition to the mountains and active rest the visitor has the opportunity to experience the famous polar night, which lasts here from mid-December to the second half of December. During this period of time, the sun does not rise in the sky at all. For those who came in the summer months, nature provided a polar day that lasts the whole of June and the beginning of July. During this period, the sun constantly shines in the sky and does not set even at night.
The polar region is famous for its very harsh climate, but the Khibiny retain enough o mild and hospitable weather all year round. Of course, the weather is often unpredictable and it snows heavily even on Egypt, so it should not surprise anyone that in the Khibiny the temperature in winter can reach -30–35 degrees Celsius. Sparkling snow covers the ground from autumn to late spring, and in some places, especially loved by tourists, the cover can be seen in the summer.
According to the habitues of these places, the Khibiny is most hospitable in April - May, since during this period the weather is the clearest, the longest daylight hours and the most favorable snow cover for skiing. Those who come to meet in the mountains New Year and Christmas, can observe incredible beauty and magic
Nature Khibiny
At the entrance to Kirovsk ski resort Khibiny appears before the eyes of the tourist in all its glory. The peaks of the Vudyavrchorr and Aikuaivenchorr mountains rise majestically above the city. One of the three unique polar botanical gardens is located on the slopes of the first one. Climbing the slope of the Khibiny mountain higher and higher, you can observe how one natural landscape comes to replace another. The ascent begins from the valley tundra, then passes into the spruce taiga, after - the birch crooked forest, which is replaced by alpine mosses and ends with the Arctic desert.
If you are tired mountain trails, you can change the slope with a flat ski track, which has a length of 14 km. The track is equipped for the convenience of tourists and is equipped with snowmobiles and scooters. fans hiking can use the services of a helicopter, which for very modest money will deliver extreme sports to any of the four Khibiny peaks. Here, tourists can test their survival skills and, going down the slope, enjoy the pristine nature of the Khibiny . Experienced athletes can ride on one of the mountain paths like heli-ski, but only under the supervision of an instructor, as these slopes are prone to avalanches.
The minerals of the Khibiny are carefully hidden in the tectonic structure of the mountains. There is also iron ore, and copper-nickel ores, and oil. But the main asset, of course, are bluish-green apatite stones.
Accommodation
Ski resort Khibiny is currently undergoing rapid development. Unfortunately, the hotel business has not yet reached the level of popular European resorts, but tourists note that in last years many cozy hotels appeared in Apatity and Kirovsk. Tourists who have visited the Khibiny are advised to approach the choice of housing with special attention and look for a hotel near your favorite ski slope. In each of the four ski complex There are hostels and hotels. Also, tourists may like accommodation in the private sector. The rates for accommodation in hotels and the private sector are relatively low, but the hostel remains the most economical option.
What to expect from the tracks?
Khibiny is a true paradise for lovers of outdoor activities. In addition to standard tracks of any complexity, there is a modular stadium, ski jumps, and a skating rink. Austrian snowcats are tamping down the track. Companies can climb to the top chair lifts or numerous boogles. Equipment rentals and cafes are open 24/7. Choosing a route for the entire period of rest, you need to take into account your skills, since each of the complexes has different level characteristics. The most gifted and trained skiers prefer the slope of Kukisvumchorra and the "Twenty-fifth kilometer", while the athletes more simply respect the "Northern slope". Board lovers are advised to visit the Khibiny Snow Park.
Ski resort prices
Apatity and Kirovsk are considered places for the budget ski holidays. The cost of ski passes and lifts is completely different everywhere, depending on the length of the lift and the ski area:
This ski resort which is only at the development stage, but the dynamics are impressive. That is why foreign and Russian investors are trying to invest in it to the maximum and make the Khibiny a worthy, and most importantly, affordable replacement for expensive European resorts for everyone.
Khibiny is the name of this mountain range pleasing to the ears of travelers. Stunning snowy peaks, tundras with dwarf birches appear before your eyes, powerful waterfalls and quiet clear lakes. The combination of mountains and swampy massifs of the Khibiny looks unusual: it is worth seeing it at least once in a lifetime. Experienced tourists they say that the Kola Peninsula does not let go just like that: its mysterious beauty attracts from year to year, and the inaccessibility of sharp rocks makes you come back again and again.
Where are the khibiny
Khibiny can be reached by car, train and plane. If you prefer the first option, go towards Murmansk along the P21 highway. Then exit onto E105. Continue driving until 1230 kilometers - there you will see a crossroads to the city of Apatity. There will be 28 kilometers to it: at the entrance there will be a sign to Kirovsk - turn left and drive another 17 kilometers.
You can get to Apatity on any Murmansk. They depart from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Vologda, Minsk. In summer, resort routes from Novorossiysk, Adler, Astrakhan are added. The cost of a reserved seat depends on the station at which you stepped into the car. If this is Moscow, you will have to pay 3,000 rubles. The train follows the route within 30-32 hours.
You can fly to Khibiny by plane from Moscow, St. Petersburg or Cherepovets. The aircraft arrives at the Khibiny airport - it is common for Apatity and Kirovsk. There is another option - a flight to Murmansk, and from there to Apatity. We have to overcome another 200 kilometers along the highway.
If you are in Apatity, a minibus or buses No. 131 and 8 will take you to Kirovsk. Both modes of transport run infrequently. The best option get to Kirovsk by taxi and get out at the Pirozhkovaya stop. So you will spend 100 rubles against 600 for delivery to the city center. Many Kirov minibuses depart from Pirozhkovskaya.
What are Khibiny
Khibiny consider ancient mountains in Russia. Their age is 350 million years. The mountains are located beyond the Arctic Circle at the 67th parallel. This greatly affects their nature: there is no vegetation on the slopes, here and there you can see bald patches of snow, regardless of the time of year. The height of the mountains is 800-900 meters, the highest point is Mount Yudychvumchorr - 1200 meters.
Khibiny from space is a fascinating sight. They look like a stone flower, opening its petals towards the northern sun. In clear weather, the mountains are especially clearly visible - the sharp peaks of the rocks cut the blue sky and inspire fear in travelers. Local residents are afraid to approach the Khibiny in winter time- they understand how much danger is fraught with icy slopes.
The name of the mountain was due to the peculiarities of the local dialect. Previously, the Sami called them Umptek, and later they began to call them Hiben, which means plateau. Over time, the name stuck and remained, and locals they changed it to Khibiny.
Attractions Khibiny
Visitors to the Khibiny are advised to explore numerous hiking trails and walk to the Gorge blue lakes and Pyrrhotite Gorge. On the way you will come across a 1950 adit. An interesting hike is ahead if you have chosen the Molybdenum Mine as the Khibiny attraction. To get there you need to go out on the road laid in 1930. In turn, the ford of the river leads to it. The mine offers an excellent view of Maly Vudyavr and Mount Poachvumchorr.
Takhtarvumchorr plateau - landscapes for lovers of surrealism. The pictures that open to travelers are similar to Martian ones. Unusual minerals are scattered on the ground. Along the way, you can find abandoned miners' tools.
Aku-Aku Gorge is considered romantic place. According to Sami legends, there was a fierce struggle between the Sami and the invaders. Where Lappish blood fell, eudialyte, a reddish mineral, grew. Not far from the gorge there is a waterfall and a clean, bright lake.
The Kukisvumchorr plateau is another attraction of the Khibiny, famous for the lake Academic. It is sky-emerald in color, the water is clear and very cold. Delightful route goes along the banks of the seething river Risjok, through the South Rischorr pass. On the way there is a grouchy waterfall and slopes of incredible beauty.
The sights of Apatit are interesting for both adults and children. There is a research center for experiments, the Museum of Mineralogy. The exposition is represented by hundreds of unique minerals. Some of them are not found anywhere in the world.
There are many other museums in Apatity: the museum-archive of the history of the study and development of the European North, the Museum of International cultural center and art gallery "M". Tickets to these places cost several hundred rubles and are available to everyone. For young parents with children, it will be interesting to visit the nursery art gallery"The ark".
If you are lucky enough to visit Apatity in February, visit the annual exhibition " Stone Flower". Hundreds of craftsmen offer to purchase stone products: jewelry, household items and kitchen utensils. It is impossible to imagine this magnificence: you just need to see it.
In the summer in Apatity, Akademgorodok and the square near the Polyarny cinema are noteworthy. Roses, wild roses, lilacs and other beautiful flowers grow in the square. Everything is fragrant. Nearby is a monument to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War.
Tourism in Khibiny starts from Kirovsk. It is located next to the Bolshoy Vudyavr lake. The Temple of the Savior of the Image of Jesus Christ is considered a significant attraction. The sanctuary is decorated with nine bronze bells. Especially for Kirovsk they were made by the Ural masters. The decoration of the temple is rich: many icons, some of which are myrrh-streaming.
Visit local history and mining and geological museums. Go to the Museum of Literature. It is designed in the thoughtful and philosophical spirit of the writer Erofeev. Admirers of his work will feel in their native element.
Obligatory attraction of Kirovsk is the Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute. ON THE. Avrorin. This protected area with hundreds of plants. Many are unique. The administration of the garden offers excursions to the nursery and the greenhouse. It definitely won't be boring.
In winter, close to botanical garden there is an area called "Snow Village". As soon as the first snow falls, dozens of ice and snow figures are erected on its territory. They are life-sized characters and look magical. A visit to the village will be a real treat for children and adults.
For tourism in the Khibiny, we recommend paying attention to the Amethyst Hotel. It is located on Lenin Street, 3 in an eight-story building. It is in the center of the city, so you can easily get to the main sights and train stations. Nearby there is a restaurant where you can have a tasty and inexpensive dinner. The rooms are comfortable and new furniture, private bathrooms.
On Victory Street, 29a there is a hotel Izovella, which in Sami means "Light breath of wind." The peculiarity of the hotel is its location - half a kilometer from the city, among the thicket. In the evening you will be provided with wonderful walks and fresh air. Another representation of the hotel is the recreation center Apatit "Rus". From her windows opens beautiful view to Lake Imandra. There is a hall, billiards, a gym. There is a banquet hall for celebrations.
The Sheri Hotel on Gladysheva Street, 6a is popular. It has only five rooms, but each is furnished in a homely and tasteful way. There is a TV, a wardrobe and a seating area. Linen is provided free of charge. Catches WI-FI.
In Guba Kislaya there is a secluded recreation center Apatit - Berloga. Beautiful log cabins, Sami milestones and a birch-wood sauna - what else does a weary traveler need after long road to Khibiny? The houses are spacious, suitable for a company of 3-5 people. The recreation center rents out snowmobiles and turntables.
Hotels in Kirovsk
There are expensive hotels in Kirovsk. This is due to the availability of routes along the Khibiny beauties. If the price does not bother you, go to the city center to the Severnaya Hotel. It is in it that Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin likes to relax. At the same time, prices are not too high: a tourist with a modest budget can stay here, paying 1,500 rubles for a room. Expensive room costs 7000. Close by ski slopes Aikuaivenchorr.
Hotel Ekkos deserved positive reviews travelers. The fund is represented by 13 bright rooms with a total capacity of 40 people. Each room has a refrigerator, bath or shower, air conditioning. Eat free Internet. Families with children are offered rooms with a kitchen.
You can comfortably spend your holidays in the Khibiny at the Parkovaya Hotel. It is located on the street of the same name and combines maximum comfort and a pleasant price. The rooms are freshly furnished and have free WI-FI.
The Khibiny mountains have a unique climate. It is formed due to the Arctic and Atlantic winds, changing even in warm weather. There is a polar night, which has a significant impact on the formation weather conditions. Very humid: it rains often, but the evaporation is weak. Coupled with sharp gusts of wind, ordinary rains turn into mountain thunderstorms.
There is no concept of "season" on the Kola Peninsula. All the seasons are intermingled and last longer than expected. For example, winter is the longest - 7-8 months. All this time frosts keep, the slopes are covered with snow. In the gorges, it does not melt all year round.
The ice melts at the end of spring, so from May 12 to July 19, the polar day begins, which is also summer. The weather is unstable, not warm. In September, frosts begin again, and winter sets in.
Summer rest In the Khibiny, climbers will like it first of all. However, if you are not active tourist, dont be upset. The mountains offer many easy hiking trails to enjoy the stunning nature of the north. Visit Lake Maly Vudyavr: it is located between dense forest and mountains. Beautiful place for picnic and outdoor games.
Another unusual place worth visiting on a summer vacation is the Ganeshina Circus. From it opens gorgeous view on granite rocks and Lake Maly Vudyavr. If you went on a hike for more than one day, choose the circus as a place to sleep - there are no mosquitoes and it is relatively warm.
Be sure to reach Mount Kukisvumchorr. A fast river Yuksporryok flows there - it will lead to the Schel pass. Get over it to get to untouched corner planets - you will be amazed at how clean and majestic the mountains and lakes look. Look to the south - there you will see apatite ore quarries and the Tulyok River.
Not far from the Umbozersky pass there is a beautiful waterfall. It fully justifies its name and is considered one of the most wonderful places in Russia. Summer holidays in the Khibiny will be remembered for a long time, and photographs will cause aching boredom in the heart for many years to come.
Winter holidays presented in Khibiny ski resorts And exciting excursions on snowmobiles. Famous trails run along the slopes of the mountains Aikuavenchorr and Kukisvumchorr. There are three complexes on the top of Aikuavenchorr - Aikuay, Colasportland and Big Woodyavr. The length of the trails is more than 30 kilometers. Here you can find something for every taste - go skiing, snowboarding or go down the hill on a colored bun.
Stopped in Apatity? Then go to Sparrow Hill. It is perfect if you are a beginner or teaching children. In addition, the slope is protected from the wind, so skiing here is comfortable and warm.
Khibiny is a magical land where phones and tablets are not needed. Nature penetrates the soul, disturbing the most intimate memories. It is easy to fall in love or, conversely, to forget. Unbridled joy is not alien to the Khibiny - hiking in a big company will become a vivid life impression.
Khibiny. First, it should be said about apatite-nepheline ores. Today, their deposits have been established, these are Kukisvumchorr, Yukspor, Rasvumchorr, Koashva, Partomchorr, Kuelpor, Lyavoyok, Deer Creek, Njorkpahk, Suoluyive, Poachvumchorr, Valleepahk, Eveslogchorr. Being a mineral, apatite can have a different range of shades. As a rule, starting from white and ending with green, but black apatites are also found in nature.
Mineral fertilizers are made from apatite, the most famous and often used is superphosphate. It is obtained by treating apatite concentrate with sulfuric acid. But meanwhile, phosphoric anhydride contained in apatite takes a completely different form, it turns out to be easily soluble, which is why it is perfectly perceived by plants.
Moreover, nepheline is also extracted from the apatite concentrate, which subsequently becomes the product from which potash, soda, and much more are made. Then this fossil will be used in more than twenty industries. Its content in the ore varies from 5 to 50 percent. The composition of apatite and nepheline in the ore is interconnected, that is, if apatite predominates in it, then there will be much less nepheline, and vice versa, if there is more nepheline in the ore, this means that there will be much less apatite.
Usually, apatite-nepheline ore contains sphen-mineral, it consists of silicon, titanium oxide, tantalum, niobium and sodium. Solid titanium white is made from it, very durable and reliable. On top of that - metallic titanium, which does not corrode, is not afraid of alkali and other acids, and is very light. The Yukspora rock is considered to be the richest mineral.
A peculiar characteristic of the Khibiny mountain range can be considered a ring structure. The mountains that make up the array are arcs that are literally nested into each other.
The landscape of the Khibinites organizes a partial ring of the Khibiny mountain range. Aegirine, nepheline and potassium feldspar dominate as minerals. Rocks are distinguished by the presence of a number of ores, such as titanium, zirconium, molybdenum and rare soil containing cerium and yttrium.
The second complex of rischorrites looks like a massive, gray, with a hint of green rock.
And it contains crystals of feldspar and nepheline, as well as a mixture of colored minerals from aegirine-augite, mica, astrophyllite, enigmatite, sphene, lamprophyllite.
The latter is called ijolite-urtites, it differs greatly from other rocks due to the chemical component. It exceeds the level of alkali and alumina, and also greatly reduces the level of silica. Ijolite-urtites are by and large composed of nepheline and aegirine-augite, which is why they have a gray-green color. Minerals from the category of non-ferrous minerals this complex are pyroxene and apatite.
Almost in the middle of the mountains there is a complex of medium-grained nepheline syenites. The composition of these rocks includes: feldspar, nepheline, aegirine and alkaline amphibole. In the center of the mountain there is a foyaite complex, it stretches over almost one third of the mountain range. Mineral composition- this is potassium-sodium feldspar and nepheline, and non-ferrous minerals - alkaline amphibole, aegirine, biotite, sphene, apatite and others.
Academician Alexander Fersman believed that the Khibiny tundra is a natural mineralogical gallery. And of course, the way it is, one hundred and eight varieties of minerals are mined in the mountain range, more than ten of which are of great value. These are apatites, sphene, aegirine, nepheline, titanomagietite, lovchorrite and others. At the same time, the remains of mining, which are commonly called "nepheline tailings", are the main deposit, it is thanks to them that the needs of the territory in the required materials will be provided for decades.
As you know, the Khibiny Mountains are the largest mountain range located on the Kola Peninsula. The name "Khibiny" appeared not so long ago, because before that the mountain system was called the Sami word "Umptek". It is believed that the geological age of this rock reaches about 350 million years. The exact origin of the Khibiny is still unknown, although according to the Russian dialect of the Arkhangelsk region and the Kola Peninsula, the term "Khiben" prevails, which means "plateau".
The mountains are composed of igneous rocks or nepheline syenites. The Khibiny massif has plateau-like peaks, rather steep slopes, in some places of which there are glaciers and snowfields. The highest point of the mountain system was Mount Yudychvumchorr, whose height reaches 1200.5 m above sea level and which breaks rather steeply in the form of impregnable sheer cliffs.
The Khibiny mountain massif in its shape is more like a horseshoe, somewhat open towards the east. High flat plateaus, as well as a complex system of especially deep valleys, became a characteristic relief. Most of the valleys end in the form of global glacial cirques, in which there is snow throughout the year. The inherent plateaus are flat surfaces completely covered with bare stone placers. A huge number of minerals are located in the Khibiny, the vast majority of which were discovered at this place for the first time - that is why the Khibiny massif is also called the mineralogical natural museum. Most importance have minerals located here. In this place there are the world's largest deposits of apatite containing phosphorus, as well as titanium, sphene, molybdenum ores and many other rare elements, which have become a reliable base for the mining industry of the North.
Concerning flora mountains of the Khibiny, it changes more and more with increasing height. The slopes and foothills of the mountains, reaching a height of 350-400 m, are occupied exclusively by coniferous forests, represented by spruce forests, pine forests, which can most often be seen with an admixture of birch species. A little higher there is a birch crooked forest, rising even more in height by 100 m. In an even more elevated zone there are crooked forest zones - this is the tundra, almost completely covered with small shrubs - blueberries, lingonberries, crowberries, bearberry, as well as various types of lichens. After the first frosts pass, the leaves of all plants quickly acquire a rich bright color, while creating a multi-colored carpet of incredible beauty. As the height increases along the slopes, the vegetation cover becomes more and more sparse, and bare areas of rocky embankments can often be found. All the peaks of the mountains are almost completely without vegetation, and on the rocks and in some places there are yellow, gray and green patterns of lichens prevailing in these places. The flora of the Khibiny mountains is especially valuable, because a considerable number of representatives of local vegetation are listed in the Red Book. As for the local fauna, the terrestrial vertebrates of the mountain range are represented by 27 species of mammals, 2 species of reptiles, one species of amphibians and 123 different species of birds.
To date, the following mines operate on the territory of the Khibiny mountain range: Rasmvumchorrsky (Rasvumchorr plateau and Apatite Circus deposits), Kirovsky (Yukspor and Kukisvumchorr), Central (Rasvumchorr), and Vostochny (Nyurkpakhk and Koashva). Mining is carried out both open-pit and underground. The number of open mountain ranges is decreasing more and more, and after some time the development of deposits will be carried out exclusively by underground methods.
For quite a long period of time, the Khibiny Mountains have been one of the most favorite vacation spots for tourists, because this is the first alpine region in the entire Arctic, in which a proper system of routes has been carried out, ranging from training to the most difficult ones. Even the low height of the mountains can be deceptive, because the climate peculiarities inherent in this area often create extreme conditions for the ascent process.
