Driver's license of a foreign citizen in Russia: action, use, exchange. Driver's license categories. Deciphering the categories of driver's licenses in Russia.

Many drivers who apply to the traffic police with an application to replace the old plastic with a new type of driver's license in 2017 drew attention to a number of external changes in the new "rights". Changes in the current rules governing the form of the Russian driving license, were caused by the desire to bring WU national sample in accordance with the requirements of the Vienna Convention "On Road Traffic" of November 8, 1968

Now in new driving license ah there are subcategories of vehicles that were not previously used, or rather merged with larger categories.

Driver's license of the new sample 2017 changes and differences

Given the fact that the new Russian driver's license began to look different, many drivers have a question about changing the document. But do not worry - you do not need to change the old rights to the new ones. The rules state that lost documents (theft, loss) or those that have lost their legal force are subject to replacement with new documents. As before, the new driver's license will be valid for ten years. If the car owner can confirm the fact that he studied at a driving school and passed all stages of the exams, then when issuing new rights, you will not need to take additional exams.

Categories and subcategories in the new driver's license

If you are driving a moped, then you should get a new type of driver's license, where there will be a corresponding mark - new types of categories and subcategories of vehicles are announced in the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation No. 6 of 01/09/2014. The law establishes that the moped belongs to the vehicle category "M". If you turn the driver's license over, then the grid contains the following new categories: Tb - trolleybuses, and Tm - trams.

Photo: Maxim Blinov / RIA Novosti www.ria.ru

A - motorcycles;
A1 - light motorcycles with engine displacement from 50 to 125 cc. see and maximum power up to 11 kW;
B - cars, the permissible maximum weight of which does not exceed 3.5 tons and the number of seats, in addition to the driver's seat, does not exceed eight;
B1 - tricycles and quad bikes, in column 12, additionally marked "AS" (with an automotive control system) - if category "A" is not open and "MS" (with a motorcycle control system) - if category "B" is not open;
BE - vehicles of category B with a trailer with a maximum authorized mass exceeding 750 kilograms;
C - cars with a maximum authorized mass of more than 3.5 tons, including those with a trailer up to 750 kg;
C1 - includes cars with a permitted maximum weight from 3.5 to 7.5 tons;
CE - motor vehicles of category C with a trailer with a maximum authorized mass exceeding 750 kilograms;
C1E - cars of the CE category, the permissible maximum mass of which exceeds 3.5 tons but does not exceed 7.5 tons;
D - cars designed for the carriage of passengers and having more than eight seats, in addition to the driver's seat, including those with a trailer up to 750 kg;
D1 - cars equipped with 9-16 seats except for the driver;
DE - a motor vehicle of category D coupled to a trailer whose maximum authorized mass exceeds 750 kg but does not exceed 3.5 tons;
D1E - cars of category DE, the permissible maximum mass of which exceeds 3.5 tons but does not exceed 7.5 tons;
M - mopeds, scooters, as well as light quadricycles with an engine capacity of up to 50 cubic meters. cm;
Tm - trams;
Tb - trolleybuses.

Additional marks in the driver's license of the new sample 2017

The driver's license of the new type (on the back of the license, at the very bottom) now contains the mark "AT", which means that the driver has the right to drive only those vehicle in which there is an automatic transmission. And if he decided to get behind the wheel of a car with a manual gearbox, then he needs to take additional exams at the traffic police. In connection with the introduced changes, in 2017, the procedure for training drivers in driving schools became different. If earlier the driver had to know in theory and in practice how the speeds of a mechanical box are switched, now this is no longer necessary.

Today, many car owners buy cars exclusively with automatic transmission, so they are provided with training on cars with automatic transmission, which will be marked “AT” in the driver’s license of the new model. The mark "AT" also refers to the restrictions for the driver, and the one who has the rights is this category, is not allowed to drive a car with a manual manual transmission.

Another limitation is a specially designed vehicle designed for drivers with physical disabilities, as a result of which they are not able to drive a normal car.

For example, if a driver has a disability (missing one or both legs), then he may be required to drive a car that is equipped with a full manual control system without pedals.

Although the corresponding changes have already been made at the legislative level, their implementation in practice is taking place gradually. This is due to the fact that in order to specify the scheme for training drivers in the framework of driving vehicles of new categories, the adoption of clarifying and explanatory documents is required. Driving schools will have to be modernized to meet the new legal requirements.

(23 votes, average: 4,96 out of 5)

Evgeny Kamenev

Is it possible to laminate this new driver's license card additionally? (so that it does not turn into a crumpled leaf in ten years)

Eugene, have you clarified this question? He interests me now too.
- Http://my.mail.ru/mail/castaway87/ _Igor_ _Moiseev_
  
  I have not even been a month and the corners have already peeled off, laminate or not?

Https://ok.ru/profile/571166999954 Harry Loyalty

The driver's card cannot be laminated, because. when changing rights, the number will be recorded on the card

http://www.odnoklassniki.ru/profile/363499799298 Ludmila Burukhina (Medkova)

And if I took exams according to the old program in 2014 on a mechanical box, then they didn’t mark, if I retake, let’s say, on an automatic, will they now mark that I can only drive an automatic transmission?

Ivan Ivanovich

If you passed the exam and got your license, then you don’t need to add anything, you won’t have an additional mark-restriction (only an automatic), if you didn’t pass the rights last time and will try to get a driver’s license in the future, then the mark will be stand depending on what type of box you will be taking the exam on

Ilya

Ivan Ivanovich

If your license is marked AS opposite B1 in column 12, this means that you have the right to drive ATVs and tricycles (AS is an abbreviation in English “Automotive Steering”, translated in Russian means: automotive type of steering. Then there is when a tricycle or quad bike does not have a “bicycle handlebar" (in the form of an arc, a crossbar, etc.), but a steering wheel like a car handlebar. That is, having the “AS” mark in the 12th column for the “B1” subcategory, you are allowed to drive tricycles and quad bikes with a car steering wheel (may also apply to the car type of landing on the seat).

Hello, this is the question I took the exam for a water certificate for category B, and I have 3 categories in my certificate: B, B1 and M, I passed in Kurgan region, a my friend gave in Chelyabinsk region and he has two categories written B, B1. Why is that?

It’s just that you were marked M in the medical certificate, but your friend was not, based on the certificates, cat. M opens automatically in the traffic police, as well as B1 upon obtaining the rights to category B

Vadim

Why change rights every 10 years? To replenish the treasury of the state machine?

Vasily Fedorov

The state of health of people changes, for example, vision may fall in 10 years, etc.
- Alexei
  
  Yeah, but a year later it can’t and a technical inspection is needed, because the next day the light bulb cannot burn out or the nuts on the wheels always completely tighten when they are replaced independently and the wheel cannot fall off in any way

Hello. I passed the exam and studied at the automatic transmission, but they didn’t put a mark on my license. If I decide to retrain as a mechanic, do I have to change my license?

Vasily Fedorov

No, if there is no AT mark, then consider that this means that you passed the mechanics.

Hello, I was given 2006 in the new rights in paragraph 14, as I understand it, the previous experience and the letters GCL, what do they mean? And I saw one of the questions about the categories, again, in the new rights, I was given 3 categories B B1 M. And before that I had only B. I didn’t rent a moped, so they also mistakenly opened the category?

Category M is now opened automatically upon receipt of any other category, these are scooters and mopeds up to 50 cubic meters. Category B1 - these are tricycles or scooters, opens upon obtaining the rights to cat. Q. And GCL is a mark that you have vision limitations: glasses or lenses.

Alexander

Good afternoon, if in the driver's license, in paragraph 14, they did not put the mark AT, although they passed it on the machine, it turns out that the rights will also apply to the mechanics?

Nikolay Efremov

Yes, you are lucky and now there are no restrictions on whether your car has an automatic transmission or a mechanical manual.

Https://ok.ru/profile/464111626607 Natalie sun

The main document of any driver is the rights. In Russia, a driver's license (VU) is a standard document in the form of a plastic card, which is issued after successfully passing a driving test. In addition to Russian, driving documents obtained in other states are recognized in the Russian Federation.

From July 1, 2017, a law comes into force, according to which employers are not entitled to allow drivers with foreign rights to drive vehicles. This requirement applies not only to foreign workers, but also Russians, if they have lived outside of Russia for a long time and have a foreign VU.

The ban applies exclusively to professional drivers who do not just drive their cars, but make a living from it. (An exception is made only for drivers involved in transit / international transportation). The law thus provides comfortable conditions for domestic carriers competing with foreign drivers. These requirements do not apply to individuals who manage their own transport. However, there are nuances in this situation. But first things first. Consider when a foreign driver's license in Russia needs to be replaced, and when this is not necessary. Is it possible to drive a vehicle (TC) under foreign documents? When is it impossible to replace a higher education institution and will you have to study at a driving school again? We will find answers to these questions, and also learn many more nuances about foreign rights Oh.

Russian with a foreign university

Situations when citizens of the Russian Federation move to other countries for long-term residence or work are not rare. In a new place, they receive foreign rights, while often Russian driver's licenses (VU) are confiscated (for example, this happens in Germany). Returning to Russia, such persons have full right drive a car on foreign rights, except for the case when driving a vehicle is a professional occupation of a Russian. In this situation, it is necessary to obtain the rights of the Russian Federation. There are several options for resolving this issue:

Restore Russian law as lost (for example, if the document was seized abroad) by contacting the traffic police;
Re-pass examinations for driving a vehicle and obtain Russian rights (if the certificate cannot be exchanged);
Replace foreign driver's license under a simplified procedure (most situations).

If you plan to drive a car only for personal purposes, then the law does not require such Russians to replace the VU.

Foreign VU exchange

Foreign guests visiting the Russian Federation as part of a visa-free (near-abroad countries) or visa regime(countries far abroad), foreigners with a residence permit and RVP, citizens of the Russian Federation have the right to drive a car for foreign or international law when it comes to personal travel.

The validity of a foreign VU in the Russian Federation is limited only by the period for which documents are issued allowing residence in Russia (applies only to foreigners). The exchange of a driver's license for foreign citizens occurs according to the same algorithm. It does not matter here whether the driver is a foreigner or a Russian.

When is an exchange not required?

Replacing a foreign driver's license with a Russian one is not required if:

The driver drives a vehicle participating in international transportation;
Driving occurs for personal purposes (for example, driving a own car or a rental car for sightseeing).

Rights must comply with international agreements of the Russian Federation. All information in the document must be duplicated in Latin or have a translation certified by a notary.

When is an exchange needed?

There is a lot of conflicting information on the web about this. But in essence, It makes sense to engage in an exchange only in two cases:

Driving for commercial purposes is planned;
Rights are considered illegitimate in Russia.

There is no need to change the VU upon becoming a citizen of the Russian Federation or after obtaining a residence permit. There is currently no legal restriction on the use of foreign rights by a Russian or a foreigner with a residence permit.

The procedure for replacing foreign rights

As we have already found out, for commercial activities, the rights will soon have to be changed. It is also necessary to make a replacement if the VU does not meet the established standards.

The procedure for replacing a driver's license for foreigners begins with a fee necessary documentation. The State Traffic Inspectorate is provided with:

National passport and its copy;
Documents confirming the legality of being in the Russian Federation (residence permit, RVP, visa, patent, and so on);
(only the front side is filled in);
Medical certificate confirming that there are no contraindications to driving a vehicle;
Foreign rights;
Receipt of payment of the state duty (the cost of the service is 2000 rubles).

A package of papers is submitted to the traffic police department at the place of registration. Russians can apply to any branch. After consideration of the submitted papers, a decision is made on the possibility or impossibility of replacing rights. At the same time, the foreigner is given back his national rights.

Exam

When changing the rights, drivers pass all the standard stages of the exam:

Theoretical part with tickets;
Practical driving on the autodrome;
The practical part of driving in the city.

By the way, until 2014, foreign drivers proved their knowledge by passing only the theoretical part, later the requirements were tightened.

If several categories are open in a foreign university, then one exam is taken - for the highest of the required categories of rights. After passing all the tests, the driver is issued a Russian VU.

What rights cannot be exchanged?

Only driving licenses of a foreign state that comply with the norms of the Vienna Convention of 1968 are subject to replacement, according to which the document must contain the following items:

Name and date of birth.
Place of living.
The official issuing authority.
Document number, date and place of receipt of rights.
The validity period of the document.
Signature and seal of the issuing authority.
Driver's signature.
Categories of driving to which the validity of the rights.

And the most important: all information must be duplicated in Latin or have a translation into Russian. The official certification of the translation is carried out by a notary. If the specified data is not in the foreign national driver's license, then it will not be possible to replace the rights under the simplified procedure. Holders of licenses that are contrary to the international treaties of Russia are required to obtain a driving license in general order established in the Russian Federation: complete a full course of study at a driving school and pass an exam.

Obtaining a VU in the general order

When the exchange of rights is not possible, drivers receive rights on a general basis. You will have to go through several stages:

Get trained in a driving school. To do this, you need to choose a suitable educational organization, pay for education, listen to a full theoretical course and successfully pass the ticket exam. Driving schools accept foreigners who have the right to reside in the Russian Federation. After the exam, a certificate of completion is issued.
Get a medical certificate. You will need a medical certificate to be allowed to drive. For both Russians and foreigners, this is a paid service. References are issued as government agencies healthcare and a number of accredited private clinics.
Get permission to the traffic police. For admission to the last part of the test, a document on training at a driving school, a medical certificate, a passport and a receipt for payment of state duty are provided.
Pass the driving test. The subject will be tested on a computer, the main purpose of which is to determine the level of knowledge of traffic rules. After the theory, the driver is tested for practical driving skills (autodrome and city).
Get Russian rights. After successfully passing all the tests, Russian-style driving licenses are issued.

Refusal to exchange VU

The State traffic inspectorate may refuse to replace a driver's license for a number of reasons:

Foreign rights are not exchangeable;
The migrant did not pass the examination tests;
Absent necessary set papers;
foreigner was disenfranchised in another state;
The age of the driver does not meet the parameters stipulated by the law of the Russian Federation. In Russia, only persons over the age of 18 can drive a car. The maximum bar is not provided by law;
Provided false data or reported false information;
There are corrections or inaccuracies in the documents.

Penalties

If a foreign guest is an entrepreneur engaged in passenger or cargo transportation, or works as a driver, it is necessary to replace the rights with Russian ones. The fact that the machine is controlled as part of a commercial activity is indicated, for example, by a waybill, without which the transportation of passengers and the transportation of goods are prohibited.

For violation of the law, the employer will face a fine of 50,000 rubles. If, as a result of an inspection, the traffic police inspector finds that the driver has a VU obtained abroad, he will remove him from driving and fine him in the amount of 5,000 to 15,000 rubles.

Summing up

Migrants have the right to use a foreign driving license to work as drivers only until June 1, 2017. If the employee does not provide Russian-style documents, the employer is obliged to dismiss such a driver or suspend him from work. After this date, driving with a foreign license is punishable by a fine, with sanctions affecting both the driver and the employer.
To replace it, you should contact the traffic police with a set of papers and paid state duty.
The exchange is subject to rights that meet international standards which are enshrined in the Vienna Convention. Documents that do not comply with these standards cannot be replaced. The driver is required to complete the full training course and pass the exam.
Russians who lived abroad and obtained rights there have the right to drive a vehicle on the basis of a foreign VU. If there is no duplication of information in the Latin alphabet in the document, a translation with certification by a notary is required. There is no direct indication of the need to obtain Russian-style rights, however, in practice, difficulties may arise.

A driver's license is the main document confirming a person's right to drive a certain vehicle. All driver's licenses are similar on the one hand, but on the other hand they have their own differences.

The difference is that specific driving document gives the right to drive only a certain category / subcategory of vehicles and no more.

We have examined in detail all the existing options for categories / subcategories of a driver's license in the heading "", so today we'll talk a little about something else.

In our material, you will learn all the nuances associated with the "Special Marks" column of a driver's license and the meaning of these same marks.

Starting from 2016, driver's licenses are issued which contain two columns of "Special Marks" at once. Both columns are located on the back of the driver's document:

The last column in the table (No. 12) imposes restrictions that apply to certain categories of vehicles.
Column (No. 14) "Special Marks", located under the table, imposes restrictions on all open categories rights.

Until recently, a different type of driver's license was issued in our country. They included only one column "Special marks". Still a large number of such a driver's license is in circulation, therefore, below we will consider special marks that are made or were made both in new rights and in the rights of the "old" model.

Special marks in new rights in 2017

AT mark

The AT mark gives the right to drive vehicles equipped exclusively with an automatic transmission (“automatic”).

Such an AT Mark can be entered both in column No. 12 (in this case, it refers to one category / subcategory), and in column No. 14 (in this case, it applies to all categories / subcategories at once).

MS mark

The MS mark refers exclusively to the B1 subcategory and not one other. This mark entitles you to drive only tricycles or quadricycles equipped with a motorcycle seating structure or a motorcycle handlebar.

AS mark

The AS mark is the opposite of the previous MS mark. The AS mark entitles you to drive tricycles/quads that do not have a motorcycle handlebar or a motorcycle-style seating position.

Mark ML

The ML mark is included in the M category and indicates that the driver has medical contraindications for driving mopeds in this category. Thus, ML directly prohibits driving category M vehicles.

MS mark

MC mark - gives the right to drive vehicles only with manual box gears.

APS mark

APS mark - entitles you only to drive vehicles that are in without fail equipped with parking sensors, that is, an acoustic parking system.

GCL mark

GCL mark - gives the right to drive vehicles in the case when the driver wears glasses or contact lenses, that is, devices that correct vision.

HA/CF mark

HA / CF mark - gives the right to drive vehicles to a driver who is required to use medical devices to correct hearing loss.

Driving experience

Such a mark is affixed only in the case of a replacement driver's license. Such a marker shows in what year a person first received a driver's license.

Duplicate

The "Duplicate" mark is affixed to the driver's license issued in place of lost/stolen documents. In practice, the mark does not matter.

Medical certificate is required

A mark is put on the driver's license when a person suffers from health problems. If there is such a mark, you can drive a car only when you have a valid medical certificate with you.

If there is no medical certificate, such a case is equated to a situation where the driver does not have the right to drive a vehicle at all. The fine in such a situation can range from 5,000 rubles to 15,000 rubles.

Special marks in the "old" rights (old model)

Tram, trolleybus

There are specific rules for passing qualification exams that allow you to put marks on a trolleybus, tram and, after issuing a certificate, respectively, and drive such vehicles.

Starting from 2016, such a specialized mark is defined by separate categories Tm and Tb.

Category E mark

E-BC;
E-BD;
E-CD;
E-BCD.

"B" - a vehicle with a trailer with a minimum mass of 1000 kg and a maximum mass of the entire vehicle - more than 3500 kg.
"C" - a vehicle with a semi-trailer / trailer, in which there are at least two axles and with a minimum distance between the axles of 1 m.
"D" - articulated bus.

Since 2016, such special marks have been issued as separate categories BE, CE, DE.

Combinations of subcategories give the right to control the vehicle simultaneously from two subcategories. For example, E-BD gives the right to manage and car+ a trailer weighing more than 1 ton, and at the same time an articulated bus, but does not give the right to drive a car + a semi-trailer / trailer equipped with at least two axles with a minimum distance between them of 1 meter.

Glasses/lenses are required

This mark is put on the driver's license of people with visual impairments. The mark can be made in the form of the entry “glasses are required”, or the entry “lenses is required”. According to the mark, a person in the first case is required to wear glasses while driving, in the second case - contact lenses. The "glasses or lenses are required" mark provides more possibilities, as it allows you to drive a vehicle with either glasses or lenses.

The absence of medications that correct vision (if there is such a mark) can lead to a fine of 5,000 rubles to 15,000 rubles.

Starting in 2016, this mark looks like GCL.

Manual control

The mark "manual control" is also issued in the case when a person has deviations in health. Such a mark requires special equipment for manual driving, that is, special devices that replace or duplicate the pedals of the vehicle.

Since 2016, such a special mark has been designated as MC.

Blood type

The blood type mark is due to the rules for issuing driver's licenses. Although the driver cannot change his blood type, perhaps such a mark can save his life in a critical situation.

We are wondering what marks are on your driver's license and why they appeared there? Share your knowledge in the comments.

In some countries, a driver's license, in addition to its direct purpose, is a substitute for other identification documents, such as a passport. There are plans to apply such rights in Russia as well. However, now the document indicates only categories of driver's licenses that allow driving a certain type of transport.

Management of any type of transport regulated in the Rules traffic, should be carried out only if there is an appropriate supporting document. In the absence of a certificate, the driver will be fined according to the current grid from 5 to 30 thousand rubles.

After the introduction of new categories in the driver's license, has undergone changes and appearance document. In addition to the fact that the decoding of all categories of a new type of driver's license is indicated on plastic in the form of schematic icons, the expiration date for each of these categories for the owner is also indicated.

The new rights include the following information:

name of the document on the front side;
surname, name and patronymic of the owner of the document;
dates of receipt and expiration of rights;
place and date of birth;
the name of the authority that issued the document;
photo and signature of the owner;
a list of categories of transport and marks on admission to these categories of the owner of the certificate;
coded information for reading with a scanner.

Driver license

The entries are made with the letters of the Russian alphabet. Also, the information is duplicated in Latin in order to be able to use the document abroad. Categories and subcategories of transport are indicated only in Latin and Arabic numerals.

Deciphering the symbols on the driver's license

In addition to the name of the document on the front side, there is the designation of the country that issued it (RUS). On the left side there is a color 3x4 cm photo of the owner. The photo should not contain a headdress or other objects that distort perception. It is allowed to relax when covering the head of believers, while maintaining the visibility of the oval of the face. Also, drivers with poor eyesight in the photo may have glasses with untinted lenses. As confirmation of receipt of the certificate, the driver puts his signature on the document.

The surname, name and signature of the owner are printed in capital ("big") letters of the Russian alphabet. Under each Russian word, the text is also duplicated in uppercase Latin characters. This rule also applies to the place of birth.

Front side of driver's license

Since the rights are issued for a limited period (10 years), lines 4 a) and 4 b) contain the time interval during which the document is valid. After its expiration, it must be renewed. Expired rights cannot be used. Item 4c) indicates the place of issue of the document.

In the fifth paragraph are the series and number of the certificate. This data is duplicated on the back side of the right bottom.

The penultimate line shows the driver's region of residence, and below it are the codes of categories and subcategories allowed for driving.

On the reverse side, on the left side, there is a barcode with additional information about the driver. You need a scanner to read it.

The main area of the back side is occupied by a table. We will talk further about what the categories in the new rights mean. The first column contains category/subcategory labels and corresponding transport icons. The second column (column 10) contains the period from which the driver is allowed to drive the selected category of transport. The third column (column 11) indicates the expiration date of the rights. In the last column (column 12), additions can be made, for example, if the driver can only drive a car with an automatic transmission (AT).

In column 14, located below the table, there may be general information relating to all categories, for example, the driving experience is indicated.

Back side of driver's license

Actual categories in rights

After 2014, when changes in the rules of the road came into effect, many drivers had a question about which cars can be driven with category B, because in addition to the old designation, a subcategory B1 appeared. In addition to this innovation, other subcategories and categories of vehicles were added to the list. Total for cars and freight transport 16 types of vehicles were allocated, excluding special vehicles.

"A"- with this category open, drivers are allowed to drive motorcycles (two-wheeled vehicles (TC) with or without a side trailer). Vehicles with three or four wheels and a total mass of up to 0.4 tons are allowed in this category.

"A1"- holders of this category receive more limited rights than in the previous paragraph. The vehicle must have an engine capacity of 50-125 cm 3 and a maximum of 11 kW of power. In fact, modern "scooters" fall under A1. If drivers have an older license of category A, a new subcategory A1 opens automatically.

"B"- this mark in the rights makes it possible to drive a passenger car with a mass of up to 3.5 tons and a restriction on seats in the cabin up to 8 units, excluding the driver's seat. An additional right is to attach a trailer of more than 0.750 tons to such a vehicle, but the mass of the trailer should not exceed the mass of the vehicle, and the total weight of the pair is limited to 3.5 tons. According to the current traffic rules, a trailer is called a vehicle not equipped with a power plant.

"B1"- such a clause in the driver's license allows driving a car on three or four wheels, and the empty weight of the vehicle is limited to 0.550 tons. In such a car, the manufacturer must set a speed limiter at around 50 km / h. Also, the volume of the motor should not be more than 50 cm 3. The weight calculation does not take into account the data of the driver and does not take into account the battery of the vehicle on electric traction. However, the total mass includes full tank fuels and other lubricants and coolants. The presence of this category allows the owner to drive a tricycle or quadricycle. At the same time, the latter vehicle has a significant difference from an ATV, in which a motorcycle landing in a chair and control is carried out by a steering wheel similar to a motorcycle.

"BE"- allows driving with a vehicle described in category "B", but in this case the mass of the trailer is allowed to be more than 0.750 tons, although the total mass of this design is also limited to 3.5 tons.

"WITH"- about which cars you can drive with category C, it is said in the new traffic rules. These cars include trucks with a mass of only more than 3.5 tons and the possibility of additional coupling with trailers over 0.750 tons. The restriction on the carriage of passengers is 8 people, excluding the driver.

"C1"- a mark on this category entitles the driver to drive a car with a mass of 3.5-7.5 tons and to couple with a trailer up to 0.750 tons. The category also does not provide any additional privileges for passengers.

"C1E"- a driver with this category can travel in a car of 3.5-7.5 tons with a trailer of more than 0.750 tons, but the total mass of such rolling stock is limited to 12 tons.

"D"- such a permitted item in the driver's license makes it possible to drive a vehicle in which there are more than 8 passengers. Almost all large buses fall under this category. According to the rules of this category, trailers with a mass of less than 0.750 tons can also be attached to them.

"D1"– the subcategory has been reduced in the permitted number of passengers in the cabin. The number of equipped seats in the cabin should allow to carry from 8 to 16 "seated" passengers. A trailer up to 0.750 tons is allowed. When “D” is open, “D1” opens automatically.

"DE"- for drivers with this category, it is possible to hitch a trailer weighing from 0.750 tons to 3.5 tons to the bus described in paragraph "D". This description also includes "accordion" buses with articulation.

"D1E"- with this designation, the bus trailer can be more than 0.750 tons, but there is a general limit on the mass of the train of 12 tons. No people should be in the trailer while driving. When opening "DE", the subcategory "D1E" is assigned automatically.

"E"- the position is excluded from the modern rules, and its functions are redistributed among the main categories as additions.

"M"- a mark in the rights makes it possible to legally drive mopeds and light quadricycles. Often it is opened in parallel when opening any other category.

"Tm", "TB"- with such positions in a modern driver's license, you can drive trams and trolleybuses. These items were pumped from special marks to full-fledged categories.

Obtaining a driver's license of any category

You can get the right to drive a vehicle in Russia only after studying at a driving school and successful delivery exams. They consist of theoretical and practical parts.

To enroll in training, it is enough to submit documents, pay for courses, and then fill out and sign an agreement. Mandatory Document to start training - a medical certificate form 083 / y-89. The document is a strict reporting form, so it will not be possible to find any replacements for it.

After completing the training, you must pass three mandatory exams. The first is a test of theoretical knowledge, the second is practice at a training ground, and the third is practice in an urban environment. It is in this sequence that the surrender is carried out.

In the theoretical part, the exam is conducted on a computer, where in 20 minutes it is required to answer correctly 20 questions. A success is a result with no more than two errors. If there are three or more incorrect answers, the student is not allowed to the practical part.

On the closed area reserved for exams, it is necessary to start, stop, drive backwards correctly, as well as between the pedestals, without hitting them or knocking them down. After a successful check-in, you can go with an instructor to the city. There, the student should not receive more than 5 penalty points.

To re-pass the theoretical part, the applicant may be given 7 days. He can also receive a refusal in writing, which, according to the procedure, is appealed to the judicial authorities.

If all the requirements for passing the exams are completed successfully, then you can pay the state fee and take a photo for a certificate in the traffic police. Half an hour after the photo, a driver's license is issued. They are limited to 10 years.

Age of obtaining a driver's license

Motorcycles and scooters falling under categories "A1" and "M" can be driven with a license from 16 years of age. For categories "A", "B", "C" and sub-categories "B1" and "C1" you must be at least 18 years old. An indulgence for "B" is the possibility of studying from the age of 17, but you can get a certificate only when you turn 18.

For "D", "D1", "Tm", "Tb" study is allowed only after 21 years, and everything that has the prefix "E" can be obtained after managing the main category for 12 months. Activation of "C1E" and "D1E" can be carried out after the open "C" and "D" or "C1" and "D1".

And do I need to write in the resume about the presence of a driver's license and a car?

Where

At the end of the resume in the "Additional Information" section.

What

Driving license category A, B, C, D, E.
- Driving experience since 1996.
- The presence of a personal car GAZ-3302 "Gazelle"

If you have several categories of driver's license - indicate all.
If there is no driving experience - indicate " No driving experience", or do not write about the experience at all.
If the driving experience was intermittent, then you can specify the number of years - " Driving experience 5 years"

When should you include a car on your resume?
- Only if you are willing to use your car for work.

Should you include the make and model of your car on your resume?
- Yes, if you are looking for a job using personal vehicles (driver, freight forwarder, sales representative, etc.).
In most cases, you should not specify, or as an option write " Availability of a business class / executive class car"

For those who are looking for a job as a driver, it is also recommended to indicate which cars you had to work with before.
Example: " Driving Experience: Volvo XC90, Ford Explorer, Mercedes-Benz G500, Mercedes-Benz S500, Toyota Land Cruiser 200."

For what

It is useful to indicate such data in the resume even if the position does not involve traveling work.
Having a driver's license and driving experience gives you additional advantages when looking for a job. And even if there is no driving experience, but only a driver's license, this already means that you were trained and you have the basic skills.
Companies love employees with a stable, mature life position. The ability to drive a car, especially in cities like Moscow, indicates that you are an adult, independent person.
This will let the employer know that you have mastered driving, which means:

you are a confident person;
you are a fairly independent person;
find time for self-education;
will not experience difficulties with movement around the city;
you can stay late at work;
you will drink alcohol less often;
and will be able to "carry" employees along the way :)

If you are ready to use your personal car for business purposes, at the interview, be sure to find out how and in what amount compensation will be paid for its use for business trips and whether there is parking.

Also remember that if you wrote on your resume that you know how to drive a car, this may be required of you.