Mvu sample. National driver's license. What is it and why is it needed

Every car owner knows that buying a car and learning how to drive it is only half the battle; still need to get driver's license, allowing you to safely drive around the city. How to get this coveted plastic card? What are the requirements for novice motorists? When the presence of national or international law is necessary? This needs to be looked into carefully.

Types of driving licenses

Today, people often travel abroad for own car. Those who are not particularly versed in documents can get into a mess. And why? Because a national license, that is, a country's driver's license, may not be valid on the territory of another state. That is, you can get into a very unpleasant situation. How to be? It is necessary to understand what types of rights exist today. There are only two types of driving licenses: national and international (that is, NVU and IDL, respectively). Let's consider in more detail.

International driving license is an A6 booklet containing information from your national identity card translated into six languages - Russian, Ukrainian, Spanish, English, French and German. Also, the IDP contains excerpts from the UN Convention regarding road traffic, descriptions in different languages. In addition to the book, there is a plastic card, which has several degrees of protection, that is, it is impossible to forge an international driver's license. In fact, an IDL is an official translation of what is written in your common law Oh. By itself, this little book does not make any sense if you do not present a national certificate along with it.

A plastic card and account book is a certificate that can confirm your identity. That is, you can even open an account in a foreign bank, rent a car, rent a hotel room using an IDL.

Today, an IDP in the name of the driver is mandatory if you are traveling abroad by car. Also, such a certificate will not interfere with those who travel on business to another country or on vacation. It is clear that an international driver's license is a useful thing, but now the question arose of obtaining it.

How to get an MDL?

To obtain an IDL, you do not need to retake the theory and practical part of driving, as such a certificate is issued on the basis of your existing driving license. The IDL will contain information about you, as well as about the types of transport that you know how to drive. In addition, you do not need to go to the hospital again to undergo a medical examination. In order to get an IDL, you can not go anywhere. You can find the necessary resource in, and the order can be placed with just a few clicks. Required set papers for registration of an IDP are as follows:

1) Name and surname, moreover, such as in the driver's license, and not in the passport.

2) Full residential address, including lane/avenue/neighbourhood, zip code of your post office.

3) Color photo as a passport (on a plain background).

4) Sample signature on plain plain paper. Make the signature as legible as possible so that there are no barely noticeable (undrawn) “knots”. Write “top” above the signature so that your signature is not accidentally turned upside down during registration.

5) National driver's license.

6) Copies of pages 1, 2, 11 of the citizen's passport and identification code.

National driving license allows you to legally drive vehicle on the roads public use within the country where the license was issued. The plastic card contains your name, surname, patronymic, photo, date of birth, identification number and ID series. On reverse side The map contains a list of transport categories and indicates which transport categories you can drive.

A1- scooters, mopeds and other two-wheeled vehicles, the engine capacity or electric motor power of which does not exceed 50 cm3 or 4 kW, respectively.

A- motorcycles and other two-wheeled vehicles, the working volume or electric motor power of which is more than 50 cm3 and 4 kW, respectively.

IN 1- ATVs and tricycles, motorized carriages, motorcycles with a side trailer, other three- and four-wheeled motor vehicles weighing no more than 400 kg.

IN- cars with a mass of not more than 3.5 tons and the number of seats - up to eight (except for the driver's seat).

C1- vehicles for transporting goods with a mass of 3.5 - 7.5 tons.

WITH- vehicles for transporting goods with a mass of more than 7.5 tons.

D1 – passenger buses with the number of seats not more than 16 (except for the driver's seat).

D– passenger buses with more than 16 seats.

BE, C1E, CE, D1E, DE- transport from categories B, C1, C, D1, D with a trailer.

T- trolleybuses, trams.

How to get NVU?

A driver's license of a national standard can be obtained by citizens who have successfully passed a medical examination and preparatory courses in a specialized organization (driving school). Also, to obtain such a document, you must successfully pass theoretical and practical exams in a special division of the State traffic inspectorate, where drivers are registered and exams are taken. To obtain a driver's license, you need to "endure" three stages:

1) Get trained in a driving school.

2) Pass exams at the State Traffic Inspectorate.

3) Get right.

The first stage is training in a driving school. When you choose a driving school, you must require a license. It is issued by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. Also, this organization must have a certificate that confirms accreditation. It is issued by the Department of GAI of Ukraine. Often, studying at a driving school will take you about 2 to 3 months. The training consists of classes for learning theory and practice, that is, driving. To enroll in a driving course, you need to collect the following documents:

- passport;

Identification code (copy);

An application addressed to the head of the driving school (there you need to indicate the place of residence, as well as the category of the vehicle that you want to drive);

4 photographs 3.5x4.5 cm;

Certificate of medical examination (in case the examination will not be carried out during study).

Upon completion of training at a driving school, you need to pass internal exams on traffic rules and driving practice. After successful delivery For all exams, you will be issued a confirmation certificate that is valid for 10 years. Second phase - .

Exams that must be passed in order to obtain documents confirming the right to drive are held at the local registration and examination department of the traffic police, and only those citizens who are registered in the relevant territory can take them. Only the heads of departments or departments of the traffic police or the Ministry of Internal Affairs can decide on the admission to the exam of those persons who are registered elsewhere.

In the event that you pass the exam for the first time and with a group, then documents are submitted to the traffic police by the organization in which you were trained. If passing the exam is independent, then you must take the following package of documents with you:

- statement;

Passport or replacement document, in which the internal affairs authorities indicated the place of registration;

A document confirming the completion of studies in the relevant organization;

If the exam is not taken at the place of residence or registration, then the decision of the head of the traffic police department or the Ministry of Internal Affairs on admission to the exam of those persons who are registered in another region or in another country, as well as a certificate from the traffic police unit at the place of registration stating that you did not lose the right to drive a car or other transport;

A pair of photographs in color (3.5 x 4.5 cm);

Appropriate sample, confirming the suitability for transport management;

Receipt of payment for traffic police services and the cost of the form.

Before taking the exam, you will be given an examination sheet in which you will need to check:

1) On the first page: correct spelling of your last name, first name, patronymic, passport number and series, correct spelling of your full name in Latin (you can correct the data, as in a passport), sign.

2)On the second page: the presence of your photo, put a signature in the appropriate place, indicate the place of study or work, position, put another signature at the very end of the sheet.

During the theoretical part of the exam, you fill out tests on the computer that test your knowledge of traffic rules and other subjects that are provided for by the training program. You will have 20 minutes for 20 questions, the number of allowed mistakes is no more than two. The results of this test will be valid for 3 months. If the theory exam is passed successfully, then you will receive admission to the practical part of the exam.

On this test, you must show all your driving skills. If you fail the exam, you will have another attempt to pass the driving test, but you can do this only after 5 days. The theoretical part of the exam can be taken an unlimited number of times, while driving can be taken only 3 times. If everything does not work out the first time, then you will have to undergo training again, and a certificate issued by a driving school will be confirmation. The third stage is obtaining the certificate itself.

After you successfully pass the exams at the traffic police, all that remains is to go through the last stage - to get a driver's license directly. To do this, you will need to come to the MREO 5-7 days after passing the exams at the traffic police. In the case of a group exam, you will need to receive a receipt for the certificate and exams at the same place, after which this receipt must be paid. The certificate will be issued to you against signature after you present your passport or other document that confirms your identity. As a result, you should be given:

- driver license;

Certificate of successful completion of the driving school;

Exam card;

Medical certificate.

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The question of how to obtain an international driver's license is relevant for citizens using a car in countries that have not signed the Vienna Convention on road traffic from 1968, that is, where national rights of a unified model are not recognized.

Reasons for getting

Before you get an international driver's license, you should know that they are issued at the request of the driver in addition to the same national document.

In March 2011, new legislation came into force introducing a new appearance driving licenses, as well as some changes in the process of issuing them. It is advisable for citizens with old certificates to exchange them for new ones. For those who receive them for the first time, already updated documents are issued. They look like plastic cards containing a photo, personal data and other details in two languages: Russian and English.

New plastic certificates fully comply with international unified requirements. This is necessary because, according to the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic of 1968, they are valid in 68 signatory countries. You can travel there with national Russian certificates, which mean documents issued after 03/01/2011, that is, a new sample.

Difficulties will arise when you need to use a car in states that have not signed the said Vienna Convention, as well as in countries that are parties to the Geneva Convention on Road Traffic of 1949 - it is for them that you need to obtain an international driver's license (IDP).

A complete list of states where you can drive with ordinary rights and where an IDP is required can be viewed on the traffic police website, as well as on the IDP form itself - it is printed as additional information.

In some countries, for example, in Italy, despite its membership in the Vienna Convention, road law enforcement agencies still require international rights in addition to national Russian ones. Local laws in this country prohibit driving without them, so you can get a fine of about 300 euros.

Which countries need

You can drive without international rights in European countries and in some other regions. The list of states where they will be required is quite extensive. They are required by Canadian and Chinese law, as well as the laws of the USA, Peru, Japan, Australia, Holland, Cyprus, India, Egypt, Ireland. In these regions, punishment for foreigners for driving without necessary documents very severe: at best - a large fine, at worst - imprisonment for a short period.

As already mentioned above, Russian law often do not call the police foreign countries special confidence, and even in countries where, according to the Vienna Convention, you can only travel with them, law enforcement officers may require an international document.

International rights are valid only with national ones. If a citizen is deprived of the latter, he is automatically deprived of the former. On the territory of Russia, the IDP is not valid - it is issued only for use abroad.

If there are international rights, then the car can be driven without any problems in any country, regardless of whether it signed international agreements or not.

Exceptions are states that only recognize their domestic driver's licenses.

Some citizens draw up an IDP just in case, even for countries where you can travel with national rights. At the same time, you need to remember: you must also have a new national certificate with them (issued from 03/01/2011). For old certificates, a translation into the language of the host country will be required, but in this case it will be faster to simply replace them with new ones.

Obtaining a visa

If you don't have a driver's license international standard, then problems for a citizen who plans to obtain a visa to some countries may arise even at home. The rules of the embassies of some countries prohibit issuing visas if there is no international visa. It is for this reason that it is advisable to first find out where you can ride without them.

Appearance

A national document looks like a plastic card with a photo of the owner and information on both sides. International law has a slightly different appearance. They are a book small size(format A6). This form has been in place since April 2011.

The form is filled in by authorized bodies. It is allowed to do this both by hand and with the help of computer equipment. There are strict requirements for the types of characters - only Arabic numerals and Latin are used. All the main parameters are indicated on the front side.

The following information should be displayed there:

details of the authority that issued the document (name, address);
date of registration;
number, series;
since an international visa is issued in addition to the national one, it must contain the details of the latter (number, series, date of issue);
the signature of the employee and the seal of the authorized institution.

The second sheet inside the booklet contains fields to be filled in if there are any restrictions. The third sheet contains all the information about the driver (place of registration, date and place of birth, full name). Allowed categories are marked with an oval stamp. All other categories are crossed out.

The procedure for obtaining an international driving license

International driving license does not require an exam. They are issued, as usual, by the traffic police or through the MFC. There are several ways to get an international driver's license.

To obtain the rights in question, you must already have a national driver's license. They are issued in addition to it. In addition, they are used together with him - the driver must have two types of documents with him.

Through the State Services, you can get them by going through the following steps:

register, go to the site and select a service;
fill out electronic forms and wait for verification;
pay the state duty (you can use Internet banking or using electronic wallets);
visit the traffic police on the date and time chosen by the applicant himself and obtain an IDP. You need to have a package of documents specified when filling out the application.

Obtaining an international driver's license directly at the traffic police has the simplest algorithm: visit the office - pay the state duty - submit documents from - get the right on the same day in about 40 minutes. Similar actions if the procedure is carried out through the MFC.

Package of documents

The registration procedure begins with the preparation and collection of a package of documents. They must be presented to any department of the traffic police, regardless of the place of registration of the applicant.

The following documentation is required:

copy of passport, military ID or foreign passport For Russian citizens permanently residing abroad. The document must indicate the place of registration;
applications according to a standard template (taken on the spot at the traffic police or can be downloaded on the Internet);
national law;
one photo. Its parameters are as follows: black and white or color, matte, size - 3.5x4.5 cm. You need to be photographed without hats, except when it is forbidden by religious rules to appear without them. In any case, clothing should not hide the face. If a person wears glasses, then it is allowed to be photographed in them, but only with non-tinted lenses;
receipt for payment of state duty.

An important point: the presence of a medical certificate is no longer necessary in accordance with changes in legislation from 02/16/2016.

The above list is exhaustive, employees of authorized bodies do not have the right to demand any other documents.

Price

Passing exams and studying at a driving school before obtaining an international driver's license is not required, and this greatly reduces the price of an international driving license, and also saves a lot of time for those who want to get it. The document is issued upon request to those citizens who already have a national certificate after passing all required documents(listed above).

The price includes only state duty. Its size is 1600 rubles. The payment can be paid immediately on the spot at the traffic police in a special terminal, there are all the relevant details. It should be borne in mind that different institutions may have different accounts, so a receipt paid in another region may not be suitable for a branch in another subject of the country. That is, it is advisable to pay immediately on the spot where the documents are drawn up.

If the procedure is carried out through the State Services, then a significant discount of 30% is provided: you will have to pay only 1120 rubles. This rule is valid until 01/01/2019.

Preparation time

New technologies and improved working methods make the procedure faster. On average, obtaining an international driver's license takes 20-40 minutes. Registration and issuance can be carried out in the presence of a citizen immediately after the submission of documents.

Validity

International visa has its own validity period. It is much less than for ordinary rights and is 3 years. The date of issue is indicated on the document. This parameter is one of the first that the police check.

Such rights should always be included with national ones. Their term cannot exceed the term of the latter.

Moreover, one should take into account the nuance that if, for example, 2 years are left before the end of the term of ordinary rights, then international ones will be issued for this period of time.

VU replacement

After the expiration date or when the personal data of the owner of the IDL changes, they will need to be replaced. No sanctions for untimely replacement no - this can be done at any time at the request of the citizen before or after the expiration date of their validity.

The replacement procedure is the same as the document issuance process. All actions are identical. This also applies to documents: you will need to collect the same list as for the first issuance of rights. With them you need to contact any traffic police department and pay the same state duty. Obtaining an international driver's license will be cheaper if you use the public services website. In addition, in this case, a discount on the state duty (up to 1120 rubles) is provided.

Responsibility for the lack of an international certificate

The sanctions for driving without an IDP are as follows:

customs officers may prohibit crossing the border by car;
rental companies abroad refuse to provide their services;
police officers can fine up to 400 euros;
if the violation is significant, the citizen may be imprisoned for a short period;
insurance companies will refuse to serve a citizen without an MFP and will not pay insurance.

International rights are always used with national ones, they are valid only as a set. In countries that have not signed either the Vienna or the Geneva Conventions, driving tests must be taken in accordance with their domestic law. From February 1, 2017, such rights in Russia can also be obtained through the MFC.

The Russian national driver's license is issued to all citizens in the prescribed manner and provides access to drive a vehicle of the appropriate category.

However, it is valid only on the territory of Russia. This is due to the fact that in other countries there are other rules that define the rules and procedures for driving vehicles.

To travel abroad by car, you need to issue an international driver's license. As with the national driver's license, they are an official document. However, there are certain differences between them.

Appearance of documents

To understand how an international driver's license differs from ordinary ones, one should first of all recall what the presence of a domestic certificate gives.

The current document format has been in effect since 2011. After receiving a Russian national driver's license, a citizen has the right to drive vehicles of the category indicated in the document (from A to E). It is issued in the form of a pink plastic card with a size of 54x86 cm.

Owner's name;
information obtained from the driver's passport;
Document Number;
the name of the traffic police department that issued the certificate, and the seal;
driver's signature.

In addition, this document certifying the right to drive vehicles includes a barcode, through which traffic police inspectors automatically read information about the owner of the certificate. All information provided must be duplicated in Latin.

An international driver's license is also produced in accordance with the established requirements. It is a small A6 book. The information that is entered into this document is written by hand or typed by machine in Latin (Arabic script is allowed).

Front side

The first (front) page contains the following data:

date of issue of international rights;
expiration date;
the subject of the Russian Federation and the organization (name of the traffic police department) where the document was issued;
number series of Russian driver's license;
seal and signature of the traffic police officer responsible for registration.

The second page contains a list of vehicles that the driver has permission to drive. The last page contains information about the owner of the document.

Russian and international law may differ not only externally. There is a certain difference in the rules for obtaining documents and other requirements for the driver.

About medical examination

According to the law, before obtaining a driver's license, a citizen is obliged to undergo a medical examination, after which an admission/denial of admission to driving a vehicle is issued, regardless of its type.

The certificate issued based on the results of this survey is also valid for international documents.

Every citizen has the right to apply to any medical institution. The final certificate is produced in accordance with the established model and is valid throughout the country.

List of documents

Regardless of the type of document, when applying for a driver's license, you must provide:

citizen's passport;
application for a driver's license;
photo;
if there is no permanent registration, a certificate will be required, on the basis of which the place of temporary residence is established;
receipt of payment of state duty;
medical certificate;
photos.

When applying for an international driver's license, the following are additionally provided:

a valid national ID;
sample signature on a separate piece of paper;
passport (not always required).

How else can national and international law differ?

In addition to the criteria listed above, they differ among themselves in the order of receipt. In this case, both documents can be issued at any department of the traffic police.

According to the law, a national certificate, depending on the category of the vehicle, is issued upon reaching the age of 16 or 18. International rights are issued only on the condition that the person at the time of application is 21 years old.

In addition, with regard to international certificate a number of restrictions apply:

they cannot be driven Russian territory;
they are valid for 1,3 or 5 years.

An international certificate cannot be valid longer than a national one. Upon cancellation last first also cannot be used.

Such circumstances occur in the following cases:

expired;
the document has become unusable due to severe wear;
there was a need to make changes to the data about the owner (a different surname, address of residence, and so on);
it was revealed that the rights were issued after the provision of forged documents;
the driver for medical reasons (due to injury, illness) does not have the right to drive a car.

It is important to note that in order to obtain an international driving license, you do not need to undergo additional training at a driving school.

Other nuances

For the issuance of documents, a fee is charged in the amount of:

1.6 thousand rubles - for international;
2 thousand rubles - for the Russian one.

An international driving license allows you to drive vehicles of the corresponding category on the territory of countries that have signed the Vienna and Geneva Conventions. This list can be found at the stands of the traffic police, the official website of the department and in other sources. Such a document is valid on the territory of almost all European countries.

Documents of a foreign driver on the territory of the Russian Federation

The current legislation allows foreign citizens to drive vehicles on the territory of Russia. At the same time, cars can be registered both in the Russian Federation and in another country.

When traveling on Russian territory in a car with domestic numbers foreign citizen must carry with you:

driver's license;
documents on registration of a particular vehicle;
OSAGO policy.

At the same time, a driver's license can be of Russian or international format. To obtain the first, a foreign citizen must undergo training at a driving school and successfully pass an exam at the traffic police.

If a foreigner drives a car with non-Russian numbers, then he also needs to have documents issued by the customs service and allowing the operation of the vehicle on the territory of the participating countries Customs Union. They indicate the time interval for which the import of the vehicle is allowed.

Videos of national and international universities

The first driver's license saw the light almost immediately, as the car appeared, even before its mass production. In Germany, in the summer of 1888, the inventor and owner of the gas engine factory, Friedrich Karl Benz, was given permission to test drive his motorized wagon, with the proviso that he himself was responsible for all consequences. A real driver's license, which began to be issued to anyone who passed a driving test in the French capital in the summer of 1893. The first cars were allowed to be driven by persons over 20 years of age. In Russia, the first driver's licenses appeared a little later in 1903. They were issued by the Moscow Club of Motorists upon presentation of a photograph of the car. It was forbidden to drive around Moscow without a driver's license.

In the Soviet Union, a driver's license of a single sample with division into categories A, B, C, D and E appeared in 1968, and the last sample - a plastic card - in 1999.

Today, drivers all over the world are required to have a driver's license. Every year the number of cars on the roads is growing. Only in Russia every year the number of people with a driver's license increases by more than 2.5 million.

In our country, all motorists have a driver's license in the form of a light pink plastic card measuring 5.4 x 8.6 cm. All inscriptions on the cards are made both in Russian and with Latin letters. On the left is a color photograph, 2.5 x 3.2 cm in size. On the right, the driver's data and the validity of the driver's license are indicated.

In Russia, there is a division of the rights to drive vehicles into 5 categories.

IN Russian Federation age limits for obtaining a driver's license:
for category "A" - 16 years, for categories "B" and "C" - 18 years, for categories "D" and "E" - 20 years.
At the same time, you can learn to drive earlier, but you will be allowed to pass the exam at the traffic police only when you reach the appropriate age.

Passing qualification exams at the traffic police department is the final stage in the process of admission to self-driving vehicles. You can get a driver's license where you are registered at the main place of residence or at the place of temporary residence, but not less than 6 months. Military personnel can obtain a driver's license at the place of military service.

To obtain a driver's license, you must pass a medical examination and submit to the traffic police department a certificate of the established form, allowing you to drive a car of the corresponding category and take training courses to drive a vehicle of the corresponding category. Driver training courses now exist in every city and region. Usually the preparation period takes 2-3 months and after that a state exam is organized. If you have the rights of one category, then in order to obtain the rights to drive a vehicle of another category, you must undergo training at a driving school and pass the appropriate exams at the traffic police department.

In our country, along with national driving licenses, you can get an international driving license, which is valid in the countries of the International Convention and is issued on the basis of national driving licenses. With such a driver's license, you will be able to travel in your car almost all over the world!