Hawaii is on fire as the Kilauea volcano eruption is gaining momentum. SFW - jokes, humor, girls, accidents, cars, celebrity photos and much more
I have already shown you a rather popular one on the Internet, but now I will show you a popular volcanic place for tourists. There is lava right under your feet. This place is considered the "Mecca" of photographers and volcanologists.
national park Hawaiian volcanoes(Hawai "i Volcanoes national park) is located on the island of Hawaii (Big Island), in the state of Hawaii, USA. The park was founded on August 1, 1916 and has an area of 1348 km². Here you can see the result of a thousand years volcanic activity, which has a history of 70 million years.
The park contains 2 of the world's most active active volcanoes, the highest of which is mauna loa has a height of 4.169 m. Largest eruptions were observed in 1924, 1982 and in March 2008.
The unique landscape of the park is formed by the activity of volcanoes. Travelers have a unique opportunity to see how dormant volcanoes, the slopes of which are already covered tropical forests, and active, smoking craters. The solidified dark volcanic lava slides into the ocean in a huge black river, blocking roads, and forms a bizarre coastline. Where lava enters the ocean, steam rises in the air and arches form. The singularity of the landscape and its emptiness creates a feeling as if you were on the edge of the earth.
The eruption of Hawaiian volcanoes continues, and sow the day. In the park located here you can see different forms of volcanoes and their eruptions.
It is very, very interesting to see how a volcano erupts, but it is very dangerous, which means that you can look at it from photographs, it is no less interesting, the flowing lava often forms such interesting patterns
This interesting park was established in 1916 on the island of Hawaii, the largest of the Hawaiian Islands, the area of the park is 1348 square kilometers.
It is also interesting that these ancient volcanoes formed the land in the middle of the ocean, here you can see the millennial changes in the world.
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July 5, 2008 woke up main volcano Kilauea. Streams of red-hot lava flowed directly into the ocean. On one of the most active volcanoes on earth today - Kilauea (Kilauea) you can ride and walk. True, its most central part - the caldera (Caldera - the zone of soil subsidence in the center of the crater) measuring 3 by 5 square kilometers - is fenced for safety. The volcano can be studied with the help of telescopes installed on the observation deck with explanatory stands.
The largest volcano in this park is Kilauela, it is the main volcano of the park, traditionally considered the main home of the volcano goddess Pele. The first Hawaiians visited this crater to bring gifts to this goddess.
The eruption of the Kilauea volcano in Hawaii began on January 3, 1983 and continues to this day.
Americans joke that "Hawaii - the only state which increases in size." But, unfortunately, the lava also destroyed 189 buildings and covered 14 kilometers of roads with a layer of 35 meters in places.
The volume of lava erupted by the volcano in 2007 amounted to more than 3.1 cubic meters. km. Lava covered about 117 sq. km. , the area of the island during this time increased by 201 hectares.
Lava creeps up to Gary Slaek's house, which in a few minutes will disappear in a flame of fire.
Gary Slaek and his wife last time sit on the terrace of the house, watching the forest blaze
And here is the culmination, you stand and watch your house burn, and no one can do anything, nature once again proves that man is by no means the main one on this planet.
Meet the Goddess Pele:
In the Hawaiian religion, Kilauea is the home of the goddess Pele, the goddess of volcanoes.
The giant almost round dark gray bowl of the Halemaumau crater located inside Kilauea is considered sacred to the Hawaiians - according to legend, the abode of the volcano goddess Pele. The eruption of this volcano in 1952 lasted 136 days and led to the appearance of a lava lake, now cooled down. On the periphery of the craters, thorns typical of deserts sprouted, some cacti bloomed beautifully.
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Every second the area of the island increases. The lava that erupts into the ocean cools down and creates neoplasms that increase the area of the island. There is a possibility that volcanic shelves and new formations on the coast will break off and sink into Pacific Ocean. If 560 acres of volcanic rock falls into the ocean, it will be another catastrophe. There may be a huge earthquake, tsunami. And this may be the greatest of disasters, some debris may form volcanic islands like the island of Molokai. It will be a global catastrophe.
The park includes large territory, and all heights, from sea level to the most high volcano, the top of the island, the Maunu Kea volcano, its height is 4,205 meters. It starts at a depth of 6,000 meters, which is even higher than Everest.
Strange, but true, the Hawaiian jungle grows on the island, and just giant ferns, and unique species of birds also live on the island. How do they live here?
This park attracts many volcanologists who study these amazing creations nature. In addition, the Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park is visited by numerous tourists to admire the unique landscape.
The climate in this park is very diverse: from the barren desert of Cau to tropical rain forests. Approximately 50% of the park is wilderness, where hiking is developed. The national park has a great natural value, so in 1980 it was awarded the status of International biosphere reserve and in 1987 entered the UNESCO World Heritage List. The unique landscapes of the park attract about 2.5 million tourists annually.
In 1823, the Kilauea volcano was visited for the first time by representatives of the West. They were the American Asa Thurston and the English missionary William Ellis. Since that time, more than one million tourists have visited the Hawaiian Volcanoes Park to see firsthand the movement of hot lava flows.
Beginning in the 1840s, the Kilauea Volcano became a tourist attraction. Local businessmen George Lycurgus and Benjamin Pitman built hotels here to receive tourists. Tourist pilgrimage increased, and in 1911, Hawaii Governor Walter Freer unveiled a bill creating a "National Kilauea park».
However, this bill met with fierce opposition from the ranchers who were located in the area. Only the support of former US President Theodore Roosevelt tipped the scales in favor of creating a national park. On August 1, 1916, Halekala National Park became the first national park in Hawaii and the 11th in the United States. In September 1960, the Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park was separated from its composition.
Today, the national park provides an opportunity to explore Kilauea without risk to life. But this is one of the most active volcanoes in the world.
At the same time, volcanoes in Hawaii do not have a conical shape, like most volcanoes on our planet, but a shield one, which was formed as a result of many eruptions of liquid lava. Volcanoes that eject basaltic lava have a shield shape. It has a lower viscosity, so it spreads over long distances from the eruption site. This type also includes Mauna Loa - the largest volcano in terms of volume on our planet, which occupies half of the largest Hawaiian island.
However, the Kilauea volcano is the most attractive for tourists. A 17-kilometer road has been laid around it, which provides comfortable access to the fantastic sights located here. Despite the fact that Kilauea is the most active volcano on Earth, it is safe for visitors,
Sometimes lava rolls right into the sea, so slowly the coast increases in size.
In addition to the volcanoes themselves national park there are many caves that are lava tubes. They formed as follows: when the upper part of the lava solidified, its main volume continued to move, leaving behind an empty space. By myself famous cave in Hawaii is the Thurston lava tube, which is open daily to the public.
Every day, 300 thousand cubic meters of lava erupt from Kelauea. That's enough to fill 40,000 garbage trucks. This boiling cauldron can be deadly. Sulfuric emissions smell like a million rotten eggs. These fumes are hazardous to health.
Lava is constantly moving towards the ocean
The image shows six large islands. Hawaiian archipelago, from left to right: Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Maui, Kalohave and Hawaii - the largest island. The archipelago also includes two more major islands and 124 small ones. All the islands of the archipelago are of volcanic origin. The image is compiled from three images taken on March 27, 2006, April 16, 2007 and January 21, 2008 from the same point. Colored dots indicate that geological changes have taken place in this place. Satellite data show that the volcanoes are very active. The Hawaiian Islands are generally one of the most volcanically active regions.
The first white people climbed that volcano only in 1823, they were the English missionary William Ellis and the American Asa Thurston. Here is what Ellis later wrote about the caldera of the volcano: “A sublime and even terrifying performance appeared before us. We stopped in awe. the abyss that lies below us."
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Solidifying lava. Thomas Jagger set up a museum on the edge of the caldera. Exhibits are everything related to volcanoes - scientific equipment, clothing used by volcanologists, and so on. Some windows of the museum offer a wonderful view of the Calauela caldera and the Galemaumau crater. The museum bears the name of Jagger, who was also the first director of the Hawaiian Volcanic Observatory, adjacent to the museum. But for tourists, the entrance to the observatory is closed.
The Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park is a vivid evidence of the activity of volcanic processes that took place over 70 million years, as a result of which the Hawaiian Islands were formed with unique complex ecosystems. The park includes 1,309 km2 of territory stretching from sea level to the tops of the largest volcanoes on the planet: Mauna Loa with a height of 4169 m and Kilauea, the most active volcano in the world, giving scientists an understanding of the origin Hawaiian Islands, and for tourists it serves as a place for viewing unique volcanic landscapes.
The climate of the park is very diverse, from tropical rainforests to the arid and barren Cau Desert. About half of the territory of the national park is wilderness, intended for hiking and camping. In recognition of its outstanding natural values, the Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park was awarded the status of an International Biosphere Reserve in 1980, and in 1987 it was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List. The unique landscapes of the park annually attract about 2.5 million tourists.
History of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.
The first Westerner, the English missionary William Ellis and the American Asa Thurston, visited the Kilauea volcano in 1823. Ellis describes his first impression of an erupting volcano: “Before our eyes appeared a stunning, even terrifying sight. We stopped and trembled with fear. Surprise and fear fettered us for a few minutes, and, like statues, we froze motionless, our eyes were riveted to the abyss below. Since that time, millions of tourists have visited the Hawaiian Volcanoes Park to watch the movement of hot lava flows. Numerous eruptions and lava flows attract here both specialists and scientists, as well as ordinary travelers.
Beginning in the 1840s, the Kilauea volcano became a tourist attraction. Local businessmen Benjamin Pitman and George Lycurgus built hotels here to receive tourists. William R. Castle first pitched the idea for the park in 1903 to Lorrin Thurston, who at the time owned the Honolulu Advertiser newspaper. In 1907, 50 members of Congress and their families visited the Hawaiian Islands. They visited the Haleakala and Kilauea volcanoes, where lunch was prepared for them on steaming lava vents. Hawaii Governor Walter Freher proposed a bill in 1911 to create a "Kīlauea National Park". Thurston and local landowner William Herbert Shipman marked out the proposed boundaries of the future park, but ran into resistance from ranchers located in the area. Then Thurston enlisted the support of one of the most famous conservationists, John Muir, the well-known statesman and historian of that time, Henry Cabot, and former US President Theodore Roosevelt. After several unsuccessful attempts, the bill to create the park was finally approved. Congressional Resolution 9525 was signed by Woodrow Wilson on August 1, 1916. It became the 11th National Park in the United States and the first in Hawaii. It was originally called the Hawaii National Park, and on September 22, 1960, it separated from the Halekala National Park and became the Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park. In 2004, an additional 468.58 km2 were added to the national park area, thus increasing it by 56%. It was the largest land purchase in Hawaiian history. The site was purchased for $21.9 million.
The Hawaiian Islands were formed in the ocean millions of years ago due to volcanic processes. Today, the Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park on the Big Island of Hawaii is one of the few places on the planet where a person can come face to face with an active volcano. The park provides a risk-free opportunity to explore Kilauea, one of the most active volcanoes in the world, which makes Hawaii one of the largest tourist regions in the world.
Most volcanoes in the world are conical in shape. In contrast, Hawaii is dominated by shield volcanoes, which were formed as a result of numerous eruptions of liquid lava, forming a gentle shield. The shield form is characteristic of volcanoes ejecting basaltic lava, since it, as a rule, has a lower viscosity and spreads at remote distances from the eruption site. A good example of such volcanoes is Mauna Loa, the largest volcano on the planet by volume, covering half of the largest island in Hawaii.
Today, the Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park is the number one attraction on the islands. It is a real living museum where visitors can see for themselves the power of the underground forces of nature. Here you can feel the supernatural power of nature as you travel through rocky paths and desert areas, which over time will become covered with lush vegetation and form various forms of life.
There are currently three active volcanoes in Hawaii. Maunaloa and Kilauea are located within the Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park. Another Loihi volcano is located under water on south coast Big Island Hawaii. Erupting since 1996, it could cause a new island to form tens of thousands of years later, adding 9 islands to the Hawaiian island chain. Mauna Loa is the largest volcano on the planet in terms of volume and area covered by lava, and one of the five volcanoes that form the island of Hawaii. The Hawaiian name Mauna Loa means " long mountain". Erupting lava is scarce in silicon, and therefore liquid and fluid. As a result of this, eruptions are generally non-explosive, and the volcano has a relatively gentle escarpment.
Most last eruption Mauna Loa volcano occurred from March 24 to April 15, 1984. Its last eruptions caused no loss of life, but the eruptions of 1926 and 1950 destroyed many nearby villages. Mauna Loa has been intensively monitored by the Hawaiian Volcanoes Observatory since 1912. Observations are carried out at the Mauna Loa Observatory, located near its summit.
Kilauea is the youngest of the volcanoes on the Big Island of Hawaii, having formed over the past 100 years. Its caldera is surrounded by 17 km of road which provides easy access to the fantastic sights it contains. For visitors to the Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park, Kilauea is the number one attraction for a number of reasons: it is one of the most active volcanoes on the planet, providing a great opportunity to watch the amazing spectacle of lava flow, and it is relatively safe to visit because its eruptions are not explosive in nature.
The name Kilauea in Hawaiian means "throws out" or "throws a lot." The height of the volcano reaches 1247 m, and the caldera is almost 5 km long and about 3.6 km wide. Lava has been flowing continuously from the volcano since January 3, 1983. Kilauea is currently the most active volcano on the planet and an invaluable resource for volcanologists. It is also considered the most frequently visited volcano on the planet. The volume of lava flowing out of the volcano is sufficient to pave the way around the earth's surface three times. Kilauea is the latest in a series of volcanoes that formed the Hawaiian archipelago.
The Kilauea volcano and its caldera have traditionally been considered the sacred home of Pele, the Hawaiian volcano goddess. From time immemorial, Haitians have visited this crater to pay their generous gifts to the goddess. Legends say that eruptions occur when the goddess is angry. Such concepts are included in tribal chants and are often used by the local inhabitants of the islands. In 1790, a detachment of warriors of the local tribe, along with women and children who were in this territory, fell under an unusual powerful eruption volcano. Many died, and others left their footprints on the lava, which can be clearly seen today.
Hawaiian volcanoes are marked in the history of the Hawaiian Islands. On the territory of the park in 1923, the first take-off area in Hawaii was built, designed to receive aircraft. In the 1930s, a civilian guard corps worked on the territory of the Hawaii Volcanoes Park. environment whose main goal was to preserve natural resources parka. The infrastructure of the national park created in those years is still used today. The scars of World War II are visible in areas where military pilots practiced the practice of bombing. On the territory of the Kilauea military camp, captured soldiers of the Second World War were kept.
Hawaii Volcanoes National Park Preserves Culture local residents islands and protects numerous archeological sites - material reminders of the indigenous people, forever associated with this land.
Majestic volcanoes in Hawaii, Goddess Pele and erupting lava. Lava, where are you?
Location: Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Big Island of Hawaii
As we mentioned in our previous posts, Big Island Hawaii we rode for its volcanoes and erupting lava.
(or the Hawaiian Volcanic National Park) gives its visitors a unique opportunity to look at volcanic eruptions at a fairly close and at the same time safe distance.
The park itself was founded at the beginning of the last century, and in 1987 it was included in the list world heritage UNESCO.
The territory of the Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park includes two volcanoes - these are:
– Mauna Loa (Mauna Loa, 4169 m), the second highest volcano in Hawaii after Mauna Kea (4205 m);
– Kilauea (Kilauea, 1247 m), the youngest of the terrestrial Hawaiian volcanoes and one of the most active active volcanoes on the ground.
Both volcanoes are shield-shaped. mauna loa is the largest volcano in the world in terms of volume, its last eruption occurred in 1984, and the last strong one in 1950. At its top there is a volcanological station, as well as atmospheric and solar observatories.
You can climb Mauna Loa, there are hiking trails, but you need to register before climbing and it is recommended to do a many-kilometer hiking track with an overnight stay along the way.
Volcano Kilauea began to actively erupt at the end of the last century and continues to the present. At the top of Kilauea gaping huge caldera measuring 3 by 4 km (a vast basin with steep walls and a more or less even bottom of volcanic origin).
In this basin is Halemaumau Crater. This crater is active, lava boils in it and tall pillar pours smoke.
We will write a couple more lines about this crater a little later., because specially went to him in the evening to look at his red glow. During the day, this glow is not visible.
There, next to the Halemaumau crater, is located Thomas A. Jaggar Museum, he was the first head of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.
The museum itself is small, there you can get acquainted with information about the nature of Hawaiian volcanoes, about eruptions and studying them, there are also volcanologists' equipment, films are broadcast and you can buy souvenirs for yourself.
Right at the exit from the museum there is an observation deck with panoramic views of Halemaumau crater.
The crater is located a couple of kilometers away and visitors are not allowed close to it, because. there inside it really boils and erupts lava. Parking for cars is organized in front of the museum. In the evening, there are usually a huge number of people who want to look at the Hawaiian lava.
Interestingly, the eruptions of Hawaiian volcanoes are classified as “silent”. Erupting, the streams of their red-hot lava do not explode, but slowly flow in gentle slopes, which is why this area is considered one of the safest in the world for observation.
To the question “What if we get burned,” local rangers usually answer with a smile a la “Don’t worry, you won’t be able to step on hot lava, because. approaching it, you will already feel a high temperature and you will not be able to physically approach it, the body itself will not let it go.
Unlike volcanoes with a conical shape, Hawaiian volcanoes shield form. The reasons for this: numerous lava eruptions, which eventually formed a gentle shield. As well as the composition of the lava itself (basalt) - a lower viscosity, which allows the lava to spread over longer distances from the center of its eruption.
Mauna Loa Volcano- a great example of this, in terms of its volume it is the most massive volcano on Earth, its area covers almost half of the Big Island of Hawaii. The volcano is 112 km long and 48 km wide.
Also a feature of the Hawaiian shield volcanoes are their rift zones. They are cracks and allow lava to erupt away from the center of the volcano. An example of this today is Kilauea volcano. He has mouth Puu Oo, it is located about 15 km east of the Kilauea crater itself.
Here, in Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park you can see the most diverse picture: from lifeless “lunar” landscapes with black solidified lava to dense green almost impenetrable forests (Hawaiian jungle) with huge tree-like giant ferns. There are black sand beaches and even green ones.
Endangered species of animals and birds are found here. The local nature is graceful on the one hand and insanely harsh on the other. I saw something similar in one of canary islands- in Lanzarote.
There, on the island, a volcano once erupted and the area has not yet acquired any vegetation, only small bald patches of moss. But the other part of the island, not touched by the erupting lava, just bursts with greenery, chokes right in it. Very original and interesting picture. It is a pity that there are very few photos from that trip to the Canary Islands.
The Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park area is 1308 sq. km.
It has paved roads, the total length of which is more than 100 km, as well as hiking trails (ca. 250 km).
Part of the Crater Rim Drive was closed this time. Today we drove by car all the way to the end of the Chain of Craters Road and from it walked on foot through the hardened lava.
This road was once “flooded” with lava, in certain places “bald spots” are visible - sections of asphalt. We didn't take many pictures there. We were already stomping at dusk and decided to leave the camera in the car.
five volcanoes on big island Hawaii is cultural value for native Hawaiians.
These volcanoes are considered sacred to them and are closely associated with Hawaiian mythology.
Hawaiian legends represent Kilauea volcano And Halemaumau crater like an abode Goddess Pele- patroness of fire and volcanoes.
According to Wikipedia: According to the Hawaiians, Pele was the daughter of the goddess Haumea and her husband Moemoe. Born in a country called Kahiki (possibly Tahiti), located south of the Hawaiian Islands. She had eight sisters and five brothers.
One of the Hawaiian legends tells about the long voyage of the goddess Pele in search of a new land on her canoe Honua-ia-kea. Having sailed to the Hawaiian Islands, Pele tried several times unsuccessfully to find a place for her family's home. Every time she started to dig the ground, she was washed away with water and the family was forced to continue searching. So, according to the ideas of the ancient Hawaiians, numerous volcanic craters appeared on the archipelago, including Diamond Head, Koko, Makapuu, as well as Kilauea on the island of Hawaii, where Pele eventually settled.
The origin of the famous Hawaiian hula dance is also associated with the name of the goddess. One day, while walking with her retinue, Pele saw Hopoe and Jaen, friends of her younger sister Hiiaka, performing a beautiful dance. Subsequently, Pele asked her sisters to repeat the dance, but no one managed to do this, except for Hiiak. Since then, Hiiaka has become the patroness of the hula dance, and all prayer songs since then have been named either in her honor or in honor of Pele.
Hawaiians revere Pele, presenting her with numerous offerings, and the goddess herself allegedly met people more than once in the form of a beautiful girl.
At the entrance to the Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park is located information Center . There you can get all necessary information with maps and brochures about hiking trails, observation decks, roads and other useful things.
Some roads and hiking trails are sometimes closed for safety. And not only because of the lava eruption, but also for a large number released into the air of any chemical compounds that are harmful to health.
Myself information Center works somewhere from morning to five in the evening. Entrance to the Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park is paid, something like $ 10 per car (we don’t remember exactly), the payment is valid for several days.
The park is open to visitors all 24 hours, you can walk around it around the clock, but at night it is advisable to have a reliable flashlight with you, because. on the footpaths there is darkness, and at night you can’t do without a flashlight, well, in general, in no way.
What is there to do at night? Watch (or rather look for) lava. During the day it is not visible at all, if only the rising columns of smoke, but the red glow of it can just be seen after sunset.
In our next post, we will talk in more detail about what interesting things can be found here in the Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park. Where we were, what we saw and “is there lava in Hawaii”, and if so, where exactly.
And so, our fourth day holidays in Hawaii continued by what we are from Kona safely reached the village by car Volcano Village.
This place is located a couple of kilometers from the entrance to the national park and not too far from the giant volcanoes - Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa, which was very convenient for us.
In terms of accommodation, we booked here (through hotels.com or agoda.com, I don't remember exactly) a room in a large old Hawaiian house. The price per night was something like $60, plus separate fee breakfasts. I really liked this house as well as its location. We will also tell about this village separately.
After settling in, of course, the first thing we did was to get acquainted with the Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park. We stayed there until deep darkness in search of lava.
But that is another story. To be continued.
Your restless Nata and Tyoma
