The story about the reserve elk island. Losiny Ostrov National Park: interesting facts, sights and photos. Excursions to the reserve

national park « Moose Island» is located in the city of Moscow and the Moscow region. Losiny Ostrov consists of two forest parks - Yauzsky and Losinoostrovsky - within the capital and four forest parks located on the territory of the Moscow Region.

Works on sowing pine trees have been carried out on the territory of Losinoostrovsky Park for more than 115 years, since then it has been amazing place turned into a real coniferous array.

The idea of ​​​​creating in this territory national park was proposed more than a century ago, however, the park itself was created only in 1983. Losiny Island included protected hunting grounds that once belonged to the last of the Romanovs.

This is one of the first national parks of our homeland and the largest forest area within the capital of Russia.

Flora and fauna of the Losinoostrovsky National Park

A large area of ​​the national park is occupied by vast coniferous forests, birch forests, broad-leaved forests, meadows and swamps. This pristine nature in its natural state in the recreational area of ​​the park is complemented by tree plantations, meadows and ponds. Most unique object on the territory of Losiny Island - Alekseevskaya grove. It is a section of the forest, in which most of the coniferous trees are about 250 years old. On the territory of Alekseevskaya grove there is a historical and archaeological complex called "Royal Hunt".

The fauna of this reserved corner of nature is also amazing. Rare animals live here: moose, spotted deer, beavers and many others. Birds nesting on the territory of Losiny Island are considered to be among the rarest in the Moscow region.

Attractions

The national park is not only protected forests and recreation areas. This place keeps a piece of Russian rural life. In picturesque old manor the Russian Life Museum is located, which presents archaeological finds and household items of people who lived in the 19th-20th centuries. Exhibits of the Museum "Royal Hunt" introduce visitors historical complex with life and features various kinds Russian hunting: canine, falcon, etc.

To make the study of the nature of Losiny Island more interesting and exciting, several excursion routes, going through which you will solve all the mysteries of the local nature, as well as learn the history of Muscovy. Most popular route among others, this is the trail “Such a familiar forest”. A dense spruce forest creates an atmosphere of a dense fairy-tale forest and it is impossible to believe that civilization is in full swing very close by. After all, from here - only two kilometers to a busy Moscow highway ( Yaroslavl highway).

The moose biostation is located next to the hunter site of the Losiny Ostrov. Here you can meet the living

Moscow, you can often hear a lot of enthusiastic stories. Indeed, sometimes it is striking that among the metropolis there are still islands of greenery, comfort and tranquility. It is very important for the people major cities because you still need to rest from the hustle and bustle. Of particular interest is the National Biostation, which is located in the park, also deserves special attention.

A little about the park itself

Elk Island is wide famous Russia. Its area is truly vast (about 116 sq. km), it is located on the territory of Moscow and the Moscow region. The park consists of forests, ponds and swamps.

Of course, most occupied by forests, only 7% of the territory is allocated to water bodies and swamps. The park can be conditionally divided into 3 parts:

• area under special protection;
• walking area and places for sports (mostly special routes are laid here, that is, visits are limited);
• recreation area, which can be freely visited.

It is interesting that such large territory consists of several smaller Shchelkovsky, Alekseevsky and Losinopogonny. Within the boundaries of Moscow - Yauzsky and Losinoostrovsky.

Many people visit the Elk Island National Park. The biostation, located here, especially attracts visitors.

History of the park

Now it’s worth talking a little about how this unique natural area, as well as to mark the main events of its history. The very first mention of this place dates back to 1406. Initially, the lands were used as hunting grounds for Russian tsars and princes. An interesting fact is known that it was in this area that Tsar Ivan the Terrible hunted bears. For many years there was a protected regime.

After quite a long time, the first forestry was organized in this place. It was founded in 1842. The forestry carried out the ordering of the forest and its improvement. Approximately from the same time, one might say, the man-made creation of the forest began. has been planted a large number of pines, such plantings have been carried out for more than 100 years, many trees have survived to this day.

Biological station in Losiny Ostrov park: an overview

As you know, on the territory of a huge national park there is a very unusual object - an elk biological station. The status of a national park implies not only environmental and scientific, but also environmental education activities. Within all these areas, it was decided to open Moose biological station. Now it’s worth figuring out what kind of project was created on the territory of the Losiny Ostrov park.

The biostation is a special area where moose are kept. The purpose of organizing such a territory is to rescue lost moose calves, provide them with assistance and feed, as well as dilute the local population with individuals brought from other places.

The moose biostation in the Losiny Ostrov National Park can already boast of many achievements. To enrich the animal population, three elk calves were brought here from the Kostroma elk farm. Here they were carefully looked after, raised, and after a while they were released into the wild. In order not to lose the moose, they put on special collars, with which it was possible to track their movements. Every year the animals brought offspring. This practice is carried out here periodically.

Why is it worth visiting this place?

Many people tend to visit Losiny Ostrov National Park. The biostation is no exception; there are always visitors here. Here you can see really unusual things. It is especially interesting to look at the process of interaction and communication between animals. They make unusual sounds, this is really rare to hear anywhere. Workers of the biostation learned how to reproduce similar sound effects, because it is very important when in contact with animals.

Such a trip will be especially informative for children. Looking at animals up close will be really interesting for the younger generation, this will arouse interest in the study of biology.

How to get there: several ways to get there

So, you should definitely go to this wonderful place, as a biological station (Elk Island). How to get to the park? This question arises for many. It can be reached both by car and by several types of public transport.

The first option is by any bus going to the region (from You need to get to the first stop after the Moscow Ring Road before turning to the village of Druzhba. Then you need to go to the forest, then turn left (you will see a checkpoint with a barrier), then go straight when the road begins to diverge - keep to the left.

The second option is from railway station"Moose" goes bus number 547, or from the station "Perlovskaya" - bus or minibus number 3, they reach final stop by the forest.

The third option is by private car along the Yaroslavl highway before turning to the village of Druzhba.

IN old times the forests northeast of Moscow were a favorite place for royal chasing and falconry. The first sovereign of All Rus', Ivan the Terrible, liked to hunt bears here. A little later, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich set up the Sovereign's Trapper's Way on these lands - a hunting farm with a special, protected and protected status. Mere mortals here were forbidden to catch animals and birds, cut down trees, pick berries, and build houses.

And at a time when there were almost no animals left in other forests near Moscow, moose were still found in these places. This fact partly explains the wonderful name "Elk Island". Why an island? It's just that in the old days the forests located between villages and fields were called that, moreover, Elk Island was surrounded by a deep moat filled with water.

The territory of Losiny Ostrov remained royal possessions until the revolution itself, even the Yaroslavl railway line laid nearby in 1860 did not disturb the natural balance of the reserve, and all the diversity of flora and fauna was preserved.

In 1842, when the territory of the park was a little over 6 thousand hectares, the beginning of organized forestry was laid. All work here began to be carried out according to the rules of "forest science".

Forest revisions carried out in the period 1842-1912 led to the division of Losiny Ostrov into 4 parts:

• a park;
• suburban village;
• reserve;
• operational zone.

State National Park "Losiny Ostrov" received its status only in 1983 and has retained it to this day, remaining the most valuable natural monument.

Today it is divided into three zones:

1. Reserved, where nature is preserved intact. It is a habitat for rare wild animals and birds, so it is not only closed to the public, but also protected;

2. educational and excursion, through which several ecological and tourist routes which you can go through with a guide. There are 4 visitor centers;

3. Recreational, serving as a place of mass recreation.

Losiny Ostrov stretches from Sokolniki Park to the cities of Balashikha, Shchelkovo, Korolev and Mytishchi, occupying 12,000 hectares, only two-thirds of which are outside the Moscow Ring Road. From the Kremlin to the southwestern border of the park is only 8 km. Its length from north to south is 10 km, and from west to east - as much as 22 km.

In the very center of Losiny Ostrov, not far from Mytishchi, there is a swamp, it is from here that the Yauza River originates, the floodplain of which is often flooded. In addition to the Yauza, many rivers and streams flow through the reserve, forming a whole water network. Once upon a time, channels with a total length of more than 100 km were laid here. Now many of them are in an abandoned state.

Even before the war, the largest one was built - the Akulovsky Canal, connecting the Volga with the Yauza and Pekhorka rivers. It serves to supply the Volga water to the capital.

Even in the most difficult war years, trees were planted on Losiny Ostrov. Many enthusiasts worked here - foresters and landscape designers who put a lot of effort into preserving and increasing natural wealth this reserve.

The modern flora of Elk Island includes:

• more than 700 plant species;
• 90 types of mushrooms;
• 36 species of lichens;
• 150 types of algae.

Here you can find plants listed in the Russian and Moscow Red Book.

Elk Island is a real gem Russian nature. Centuries-old pine and lime forests, oak forests and taiga spruce forests have been preserved here. The pines growing in the famous Alekseevskaya ship grove, which are neither more nor less than 250 years old, amaze the imagination and impress with their beauty!

The grass cover of the national park is made up of blueberry, ranunculus anemone, lungwort, goose onion, two-leafed mullet, greenfinch, sedge, wintergreen. There are also many berries here: lingonberries, blueberries, sour, strawberries.

The fauna of the park is also very diverse. More than 280 species of animals and birds are found in Losiny Ostrov, including:

• 180 species of birds;
• 40 species of mammals;
• 4 types of reptiles;
• 8 species of amphibians;
• more than 20 species of freshwater fish.

As in the old days, moose live here.

In the post-war years, spotted deer were brought into the park, the beaver population was completely restored, and wild boars bred.

Fur-bearing animals also live in the reserve - mink, ermine, marten, black ferret.

At night, bats circle over the forest, and their eternal enemies are owls.

Due to the large area woodland and long-term restriction of forestry activities, the Losiny Ostrov National Park, and in our time, against the backdrop of the urban panorama of a multi-million city, in terms of the richness of flora and fauna, remains one of the richest and most interesting among the forests of the Moscow region.

Elk Island

the first national park in Russia (created in 1983). Located in the north-east of Moscow and its forest-park protective belt, it starts from the Sokolniki forest park 8 km from the Kremlin and continues beyond the Moscow Ring Road to Mytishchi, Korolev (former Kaliningrad), Shchelkovo and Balashikha. The area is over 11 thousand hectares, of which 3 thousand hectares are within Moscow. The length from west to east is 22 km, from north to south 10 km. It includes 6 forest areas: Losinoostrovskoye and Yauzskoye - in the urban part of the park, Losino-Pogonnoye, Alekseevskoye, Mytishchinskoye and Shchelkovskoye - in the regional part.

The history of Elk Island goes back many centuries. The dense forests that stretched to the northeast of Moscow were mentioned as part of the palace Taininskaya volost, which belonged to the great Moscow princes. It is known that Ivan IV the Terrible often hunted here. But Losiny Ostrov got its name only under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, for whom dog hunting for moose was organized in these places; in the southwestern part of Losiny Ostrov, a falcon yard was created, and this area became known as Sokolniki. Since the 17th century the territory of Losiny Ostrov was intensively used. Since the 18th century it is under special supervision: forest protection has been introduced, decrees have been repeatedly issued on the conservation of valuable forests. In 1809, Pogonno-Losiny Ostrov (the main part of the park) and nearby groves were transferred to the jurisdiction of the Expedition of the Kremlin Building.

In 1842, active forest management began in the forests of Losiny Ostrov. On large areas deforestation was carried out, coniferous crops were planted, swamps were drained, roads were laid. In 1912, an attempt was made to organize a national park in Losiny Ostrov, but this was prevented by the first World War. In the 1930s - 1940s, when the creation of the Moscow Reserve was planned, Losiny Ostrov was planned as one of its 10 sites. But only in 1983 Losiny Ostrov was officially given the status of a national park.

Modern Losiny Ostrov is unique in its size, diversity of forest communities, flora and fauna natural complex, preserved within the multi-million urban agglomeration. Here grow the oldest pine and spruce forests in the Moscow region, extensive broad-leaved forests of linden with oak and maple, centennial floodplain black alder forests, birch and aspen forests. In the depths of the forest, small raised and transitional swamps survived. A special attraction of Elk Island is the vast lowland swamps along the river. Yauza with open shallow waters, thickets of reeds and cattails. On the territory of Losiny Ostrov there are the sources of the Yauza and Pekhorka rivers, numerous rivers and streams flowing into them - Ichka, Budaika, Elk, Nekhlyudov sleeve, Bogorodsky stream, etc.

The flora of the national park has over 700 species. In grass cover coniferous forests oxalis, bilberry or reed grass predominate, they are accompanied by a two-leaved mink, a round-leaved wintergreen, a European seven-leaved tree, a lingonberry, etc., in broad-leaved and coniferous-broad-leaved forests - hairy sedge, greenfinch, gout or forestry, hard-leaved chickweed, common lungwort, ranunculus anemone, goose onions, many-flowered kupena, aconite, etc. In swamps among stunted pines and sphagnum mosses, vaginal cottongrass and swamp sedge, wild rosemary, cassandra, blueberries, cranberries, sundew and other marsh plants grow. In Losiny Ostrov, lily of the valley, a bathing suit are common, there are dense corydalis, wolf's bast, yellow iris, two-leaved and greenish love, Fuchs palmate root, and other species of plants specially protected in Moscow and the Moscow region.

The fauna of Elk Island is exceptionally rich, which includes 45 species of mammals, 185 species of birds, 4 species of reptiles, 9 species of amphibians and at least 20 species of fish. As in the distant past, an elk remains its usual inhabitant, and a wild boar is not uncommon. Along with such widespread animals in the Moscow region as mole, hedgehog, fox, weasel, hares (hare and hare), squirrel, pine marten, ermine, mink, black polecat, hazel dormouse, several species of bats live in the national park. Since the pre-war years, spotted deer have inhabited its forests, and beavers have recently been successfully reacclimatized. Up to 125 species of birds nest in Losiny Ostrov; swans, geese, cranes stop during their migration, different types waders and ducks. In the depths of Losiny Ostrov, the adder, the legless spindle lizard, and the common toad, which have become rare in the vicinity of Moscow, still live.

Losiny Ostrov - Museum of Wildlife open sky. A variety of landscapes are preserved on its territory, including such natural monuments as the 250-year-old Alekseevskaya (pine) grove, the 100-150-year-old pine massif "Grivka" and the coniferous forest "Kholudeevka". Centenary linden forests (lime forests), especially in the territory of the Yauzsky forest park, and oak forests in the Losino-Pogonny forest park, are of high aesthetic and scientific value; individual specimens of oaks, classified as natural monuments, reach 250 years of age.

Upper Yauzsky wetland complex, which includes the river. The Yauza with its tributaries the Ichka, Budaika, Pekhorka and others are also protected as a natural monument. Along the rivers Yauza and Budaika, the parks "Friends of the Forest" and "Maxim's Youth" (1988-92) were created ( total area 180 ha).

Visitors can also get acquainted with historical sights: traces of ancient settlements that existed back in pre-Mongolian times (X century), an old waterworks that began to supply Mytishchi water to Moscow (since 1830), etc. A significant part of Losiny Ostrov is occupied by a specially protected zone with protected areas, access to which is limited. In places adjacent to residential areas, recreation areas for Muscovites have been created.

B.L. Samoilov, G.V. Morozov.

Moscow. Encyclopedic reference book. - M.: Great Russian Encyclopedia. 1992 .

See what "Elk Island" is in other dictionaries:

Elk Island- Moose Island. Elk Island, national park, on northeast from Moscow (partially within the administrative boundaries of the city). The area is 11 thousand hectares. Founded in 1983. Coniferous broad-leaved forests of spruce and linden with oak, maple, on ... ... Dictionary "Geography of Russia"

The first national park in Russia in the northeast of Moscow and in the Moscow region. Founded in 1983. St. 11 thousand hectares. Since the time of Ivan IV the Terrible, the sovereign's reserved grove has been guarded. From the 17th century the territory of the park was intensively used; from 19 to … Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Elk Island, the first national park in Russia, in the north-east of Moscow and in the Moscow region. Founded in 1983. Pl. St. 11 thousand hectares. Since the time of Ivan IV the Terrible, the sovereign's reserved grove has been guarded. From the 17th century the territory of the park is intensively ... ... Russian history

Losiny Ostrov National Park IUCN Category II (National Park) Coordinates: Coordinates ... Wikipedia

Losiny Ostrov is the first national park in Russia, located on the territory of Moscow and the Moscow region. The largest forest area in Moscow and the largest among the forests located within the city (Moscow part). View of part of Elk Island ... ... Wikipedia

The first national park in Russia, in the northeast of Moscow and in the Moscow region. Founded in 1983. The area is over 11 thousand hectares. It has been guarded since the time of Ivan IV the Terrible "sovereign reserved grove". Since the 17th century the park area is intensively ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Elk Island- Sp Losinyj Òstrovas Ap Losinyy Ostrov L nac. parkas RF Maskvos sr … Pasaulio vietovardziai. Internetinė duomenų bazė

Elk Island- Los another island (natural area in Moscow) ... Russian spelling dictionary

National park on the territory of Moscow and the Moscow region. Organized in 1983 on the square. 11,816 ha, of which approx. 9,600 (81%) are forested. In the south and west, it adjoins residential areas and industrial zones. The territory is crossed by automobile roads (Moscow Ring Road, etc.) Geographic Encyclopedia

Losiny Ostrov National Park is a unique corner of nature in the middle of a metropolis that has no analogues in the world.

More than 800 species of plants grow on the territory of Losiny Ostrov.

Various sources testify to royal hunting in this place since ancient times. In 1798, Paul I established the Forest Department and gave it Losiny Ostrov. For the convenience of protection, the territory was divided by clearings into 55 quarters, these quarters have survived to this day.

Despite the rapid growth of Moscow, the outlines of Losiny Ostrov have not changed much over 2.5 centuries.

Where is the National Park "Elk Island" and its borders

Losiny Ostrov is located northeast of Moscow, about a third of it is within the boundaries of the metropolis. In the region, the park occupies the territory belonging to the urban district of Korolev, as well as Mytishchi, Pushkin, Shchelkovsky and Balashikhinsky districts.

The territory of the park stretches between 55 ° 47 "and 55 ° 55" N. latitude. and 37°40" and 38°01" E, between Klinsko-Dmitrovskaya ridge and the Meshcherskaya lowland.

The area of ​​Losiny Ostrov Park is 125 km², of which 83% is covered with forest. Reservoirs occupy 2% of the territory, and swamps - 5%.

In 1983, Losiny Ostrov became one of the first Russian national parks. The territory of the park is divided into 3 zones - the first is under special protection, the second is allowed to walk and play sports, but only along certain paths. And the third is available for mass visits and is intended for recreation of Moscow residents.

Official site

Walking routes

The employees of the National Park have developed walking routes with maps and indications interesting objects on the route.

How to get there

Depending on the purpose of visiting Elk Island, there are different ways to get to the National Park, including public transport.

Arboretum

It is located 5 km from the Moscow Ring Road, at the fork of the Shchelkovsky and Balashikha highways. Ride on car follows the Shchelkovo highway, focusing on the coordinates of the arboretum: 55.828326, 37.897836. You can enter the territory only by following the direction to Moscow.

You can also get there by public transport shuttle bus No. 300 or fixed-route taxi No. 102k, following from Art. m. "Shchelkovskaya" to the stop "Lesotsekh" (Mr. "Emerald"). Having crossed to the other side of the road, walk 300 m. to the stop. "Road section" behind the traffic police post. There you need to cross the pedestrian crossing to the other side and walk 100 meters along the highway towards Moscow.

Moose biological station

You can get to the Moose Biological Station by car, focusing on the coordinates 55.879232, 37.784380. Drive along the Yaroslavl highway towards the region about 1 km after the Moscow Ring Road, then turn to the Druzhba settlement and go to the beginning of the Lesopark near Kropotkinsky passage.

From Art. m. "VDNH": by any scheduled regional bus to the first stop. after MKAD - "Yaroslavskoe shosse/Perlovskaya platform". Further on foot through the village. Friendship about 40 minutes main road and near the forest to the left.

From railway station "Los": bus number 547 to the stop. 4th Park Street, then through the checkpoint and straight ahead.

From railway station "Perlovskaya"(Yaroslavskoye, for example): minibus No. 3 to the final stop. near the forest "4th Parkovaya Street", then through the checkpoint and straight ahead.

"Tea drinking in Mytishchi"

Mytishchi, Vodoprovodnaya alley, 1 (55.898342, 37.794577).

From Art. "Mytishchi" of the Yaroslavl Railway on st. Kolontsova to the Yaroslavl highway, cross the highway under the bridge, then along the Vodoprovodnaya alley.

From the bus station to m. "VDNH" buses No. 388, 392, 451, 499, 551k, 576k, 565, 578, to the stop. Improvement Plant (4 km from MKAD or 20 km of the Yaroslavskoye Highway), then along Vodoprovodnaya Alley.

"Russian life"

Moscow, st. Prokhodchikov (55.862610, 37.729465).

From Art. m. "VDNH" buses No. 136, 903, minibuses No. 172, 544, trolleybus No. 76 to the stop. Det. clinic", or bus number 244 and minibus number 375 to the stop. " Youth Center". Then 200 m to the right from the Yaroslavl highway to the forest belt, then 1 km. through the park.

From Art. "Bolshevo" of the Yaroslavl railway by bus number 7 to the final stop. "Pos. Peat enterprise", then walk 200 m.

"Abramtsevo"

Moscow region, with. Abramtsevo (55.837124, 37.825581).

From Art. m. "Shchelkovskaya" bus number 735 or minibus number 583k to the stop. Abramtsevo.

Onsite parking

Visitors can leave their cars in the parking lots of Losiny Ostrov, equipped near the eco-centers of the National Park or at horse yards.

The parking fee is 250 RUB. per car for the entire stay on the territory, and for sightseeing buses - free of charge.