Characteristics of the water network and water transport of the Republic of Khakassia. Railway lines pass through the territory of the Republic of Khakassia: Abakan-Taishet, Abakan - Achinsk, Abakan - Novokuznetsk. Souvenirs. What to bring as a gift

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Table10 Characteristictransportwaysregion

In the market of transport services, one of the leading roles is given to railway transport.

In the Republic of Khakassia, the total length of railway lines is 666.6 km. Of these, 288.4 km are electrified, equipped with dispatcher interlocking devices and automatic blocking. The density of railways on the territory of the Republic of Khakassia is 108 km per 1000 sq. km. km of territory.

The basis of the railway transport framework of the Republic of Khakassia is the South Siberian Railway (Mezhdurechensk - Abakan - Taishet) and the railway line Achinsk - Abakan.

There are 4 large railway bridge: through the river. Yenisei, r. Abakan, r. Black Iyus and r. White Ius.

Railway communication covers 33 settlements, 43 are operated railway stations, there are five railway stations - in the cities of Abakan, Abaza, urban-type settlements of Shira, Askiz, Biskamzha.

Automotivetransport: The road network of the republic is most developed in its center, west and southwest, which is directly related to the location major cities republics. Passes through Khakassia federal highway M54, which near the capital connects with the A161 highway, connecting Abakan with Ak-Dovurak in Tuva. Most developed areas highways Khakassia: Abakan - Sayanogorsk; Abakan - Bey; Abakan - Abaza; Abakan - Sorsk; Abakan - Shira - Kopyovo; Kopyovo - Mining. Motor roads to other, smaller settlements are represented mainly by dirt roads, although they are currently being replaced by paved roads. Intercity traffic is carried out to all neighboring regions: Krasnoyarsk Territory (Krasnoyarsk, Achinsk, Artemovsk), Tyva (Kyzyl, Ak-Dovurak), Kemerovo region(Mezhdurechensk, Novokuznetsk), Altai region and the Republic of Altai (Biysk, Barnaul, Gorno-Altaisk). There are messages for more long distance- Novosibirsk, Tomsk. Intercity communications are represented by buses, fixed-route Gazelles, and private taxis. With the opening of the season, the load increases on sections of the roads Abakan - Shira, Abakan - Sorsk (to the Tumanny sanatorium).

Railwaytransport: The railway of Khakassia belongs to the Krasnoyarsk railway(Abakan branch). The total length of railways is 663 km. The railway passes through almost all the most significant settlements of the republic. There is both an electrified railway (Abakan - Kaltas) and its non-electrified sections (diesel locomotive traction), which make up the main part of the railways of the republic: Tigey - Kopyovo, Askiz - Abaza, Biskamzha - Teya. The nodal center of the railways of the republic is the capital. 3 main trains run across the republic: local formation: No. 659/660 Abakan - Krasnoyarsk (via Achinsk); No. 675/676 Abakan - Novokuznetsk (through Biskamzha); long distance: No. 67/68 Abakan - Moscow-Yaroslavskaya (via Achinsk, Omsk, Yekaterinburg, trains change numbering at Achinsk-1 station); In addition, from Abakan, depending on the season and day of the week, trailer cars or trains of temporary formation can be reached to Irkutsk, Taishet, Tomsk, Adler, Bishkek. The section of the Tigey-Kopyovo railway (and further - Uzhur, Achinsk) is a link between two railway arteries - the Trans-Siberian and Yuzhsib (Taishet - Abakan - Novokuznetsk - Artyshta - Barnaul - Kulunda - Pavlodar - Astana - Tobol - Kartaly - Magnitogorsk - Dyoma) (similar to the Sayanskaya - Uyar section). In addition to Abakan, the Biskamzha station is the nodal station in the republic. The city of Sayanogorsk is connected with the "big" railway through the Kamyshta station.

Air transport: There is an airport in Khakassia. And although officially it is located not in the village of Kalinino, but 200 meters from it, residents of the capital and the republic as a whole consider that the airport of Abakan is located in this village. Air transportation of passengers and cargo in Khakassia is carried out by Abakan CJSC -- Avia, OJSC Vladivostok -- Avia" and OJSC "Airport -- Abakan". There are flights to Moscow, Norilsk, Krasnoyarsk, Vladivostok, Kyzyl. Aircraft carrying out transportation, class Tu (in particular Tu-204) and Airbus, in particular Airbus A320).

IN Depending on the season, flights are operated to the South of Russia and to resort countries.

Chapter6. EnvironmentalProblemsdistrict

To determine the level of impact of the social component on the state of the ecology of the Republic of Khakassia, we calculate the average ecological density of the population:

EPav=K2*population,

Where TO 2 - from 501 thousand to 1.0 million

people; TO 2 = 1,5;

EPav=532200 *1.5=798300

Let's identify the level of impact of the urban population on the natural environment:

SW=EPsr/Ksr,

Where TO cf is a tabular indicator that takes into account ecological situation and the significance of the soil condition ( TO n), atmosphere ( TO a), water basin ( TO c) Republic of Khakassia (Siberian District, Yenisei basin)

TO cf = ( TO n+ TO a + TO at 3.

TO cf \u003d (1.4 + 1.1 + 1.25) / 3 \u003d 1.25

UV=798300/1.25=638640

Table11 LevelimpacturbansettlementsonnaturalWednesday

Conclusion: The highest level of impact of the urban population on nature is in Abakan - 137.04, the second place - Chernogorsk - 60.32. The difference in performance is significant, because Abakan is the capital, its average ecological population density is 145.2 thousand people. The same high, but does not exceed 500 thousand people, which means that the pollution concentration level is 1, which is not high compared to cities in other regions.

Table12 CharacteristicindustriesBycharacterimpact

Peculiarities of the impact of the sectoral complex (estimated thermal power, hydropower, mechanical engineering, forestry and woodworking industry, non-ferrous metallurgy, food industry, agriculture, transport, housing and communal services) on the environment: on land - 21 points, on water - 19 points, on air - 19 points, for the biological environment - 23 points, for a person - 20 points (according to Appendix L, Table L2).

When assessing the environmental problems of the region, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the Republic of Khakassia is in 41st place in terms of pollution. In the cities of the Republic, the level of atmospheric air pollution ranges from high to very high; water in surface water bodies is categorized as "polluted" and "very dirty".

75% or more of the urban population of our republic lives in conditions of high and very high levels of air pollution. 45% of its pollution from stationary sources was provided by metallurgy and thermal power plants. In the "leaders" - OJSC "RUSAL Sayanogorsk aluminum plant" (with the lease of facilities of the Khakass aluminum plant). This enterprise provided almost 33 thousand tons of emissions in 2010. It was followed by: Abakan CHPP (9.5 thousand tons), Montenegrin "Khakassky TeploEnergoComplex" (7.9 thousand tons) and Sayanogorsk LLC "Teploresurs" (4.4 thousand tons). The contribution of vehicles to air pollution amounted to 47.1 thousand tons (32.9%). The total emissions into the atmosphere of Khakassia in 2010 exceeded 140 thousand tons. The air we breathed was constantly exposed to sulfur dioxide, carbon and nitrogen oxides. The chemical reactions that take place in the atmosphere when these substances are mixed, of course, could only lead to the formation of some kind of "rubbish". The cities of Chernogorsk and Minusinsk were included in the "priority list of Russian cities with the highest air pollution".

Among the most effective ways to solve environmental problems, it is necessary to single out the introduction of environmentally efficient and resource-saving technologies, raw materials, products and equipment, and the rational use of natural resources.

As a conclusion, it should be noted that, despite all the steps currently being taken to reduce the level of anthropogenic pressure on the environment, a significant result will not be achieved without increasing the level of human environmental culture, its environmental education and upbringing.

Conclusion

Based on the study of literary, cartographic, statistical and other sources, I found that the development of the Russian economy as a whole depends, first of all, on the economic situation of its subjects of the federation. That is why development planning National economy the role of the domestic economy of its individual regions cannot be ignored.

In accordance with the foregoing, in the course of the study, I found that the Republic of Khakassia is mainly a raw material base for neighboring regions. Unique in their diversity and combination Natural resources were the basis for the development here of such industries as: coal mining, timber, woodworking and pulp and paper; power generation.

In general, I think the goal has been achieved.

Listliterature

1. Atlas of Russian Railways.

2.Atlas of highways in Russia, CIS and Baltic countries.

3. Atlas "Geography of Russia"

4. Atlas of the Republic of Khakassia

5. "Geography of Russia" Atlas for grades 8-9, Roskartografiya, 2005.

6. Infrastructure of Russian regions, Komarov M.P. . - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2006.

7. Russia in numbers-2011

8. Russian statistical yearbook. 2012: Stat.sb. / Rosstat. - M., 2012.

9.Economic and geographical characteristics of the area of ​​gravity of the railway: task and guidelines to the course work / Comp. N.B. Popova, E.Yu. Nikitina, E.A. Gizunova. - Novosibirsk: Publishing House of SGUPSa, 2007.

10. Economic geography and regional studies, E.N., Kuzbozhev, I.A. Koz'eva, M.G., Klevtsova, M., 2011.

11. Socio-economic protection mechanisms environment: studies. allowance / Yu. A. Mazhaisky, O. A. Zakharova. - Ryazan: Publishing house 2005

12.http://www.r-19.ru/ official website of the Republic of Khakassia

13http://ru.wikipedia.org .

14. http://newsruss.ru/doc/

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Khakassia (The Republic of Khakassia, hack. Khakas Respublikazy) is a republic within the Russian Federation, a subject of the Russian Federation.

The capital is the city of Abakan.

It borders on the Kemerovo Region, the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Republic of Tuva and the Republic of Altai.

Transport

The transport network of the republic is represented by road, rail and air transport.

Automobile transport

The road network of the republic is most developed in its center, west and southwest, which is directly related to the location of the major cities of the republic.

The M54 federal highway passes through Khakassia, which connects near the capital with the A161 highway, which connects Abakan with Ak-Dovurak in Tuva. The most developed sections of highways in Khakassia: Abakan - Sayanogorsk; Abakan - Bey; Abakan - Abaza; Abakan - Sorsk; Bomzhovo - Shira - Kopyovo; Kopyovo - Priiskovy.

Motor roads to other, smaller settlements are represented mainly by dirt roads, although they are currently being replaced by paved roads.

Intercity traffic is carried out to all neighboring regions: Krasnoyarsk Territory (Krasnoyarsk, Achinsk, Artemovsk), Tyva (Kyzyl, Ak-Dovurak), Kemerovo Region (Mezhdurechensk, Novokuznetsk), Altai Territory and the Altai Republic (Biysk, Barnaul, Gorno-Altaisk). There are also messages for longer distances - Novosibirsk, Tomsk.

Intercity communications are represented by buses, fixed-route Gazelles, and private taxis. With the opening of the season, the load increases on sections of the roads Abakan - Shira, Abakan - Sorsk (to the Tumanny sanatorium).

Railway transport

The railway of Khakassia belongs to the Krasnoyarsk railway (Abakan branch). The total length of railways is 663 km.

The railway passes through almost all the most significant settlements of the republic. There is both an electrified railway (Abakan - Kaltas), and its non-electrified sections (diesel traction), which make up the bulk of the railways of the republic, there is no further travel: Tigey - Kopyevo, Askiz - Abaza, Biskamzha - Teya.

The nodal center of the railways of the republic is the capital. 3 main trains run across the republic: local formation: No. 659/660 Abakan - Krasnoyarsk (via Achinsk); No. 675/676 Abakan - Novokuznetsk (through Biskamzha); long-distance route: No. 67/68 Abakan - Moscow-Yaroslavskaya(via Achinsk, Omsk, Yekaterinburg, trains change numbering at Achinsk-1 station);

In addition, from Abakan, depending on the season and day of the week, trailer cars or trains of temporary formation can be reached to Irkutsk, Taishet, Tomsk, Adler, Bishkek.

The section of the Tigey-Kopyevo railway (and further - Uzhur, Achinsk) is a link between two railway arteries - the Trans-Siberian and Yuzhsib (Taishet - Abakan - Novokuznetsk - Artyshta - Barnaul - Kulunda - Pavlodar - Astana - Tobol - Kartaly - Magnitogorsk - Dyoma) (similar to the Sayanskaya-Uyar section). In addition to Abakan, the Biskamzha station is the nodal station in the republic. The city of Sayanogorsk is connected to the "big" railway through the Kamyshta station.

Air transport

There is an airport in Khakassia. And although officially it is located not in the village of Kalinino, but 200 meters from it, residents of the capital and the republic as a whole consider that the airport of Abakan is located in this village.

Air transportation of passengers and cargo in Khakassia is carried out by Abakan-Avia CJSC, Vladivostok-Avia OJSC and Airport-Abakan OJSC. There are flights to Moscow, Norilsk, Krasnoyarsk, Vladivostok, Kyzyl.

Aircraft carrying out transportation, class Tu and Airbus (in particular Tu-204 and Airbus A320).

Depending on the season, flights are operated to the South of Russia and to resort countries.

My story will be about the south of Siberia and Krasnoyarsk Territory- Republic of Khakassia. This is a relatively (by Siberian standards) a small corner located in the south of Siberia and the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

You will learn about the famous expression "Siberian health". If someday you want to visit Siberia, then keep in mind that its warmest region is Khakassia. There are many lakes and forests, and because of the sometimes occurring severe frosts, it is relatively not contagious.

How to get there?

Air and rail communication covers the whole of Russia, so you can go basically from all big cities. The airport and railway station are located in the city of Abakan itself, the regional center.

By plane

Abakan Airport is the only one in Khakassia that serves all flights in the region.

There are convenient direct flights for Muscovites:

• Abakan is served daily by UTair, pobeda, Ural Airlines, Yamal, Aeroflot, NordStar, S7 Airlines.
• Flight time is at least 4.5 hours.
• The ticket price starts from 9 thousand rubles.

For residents of St. Petersburg, the layout is standard, the same carriers with a transfer in Moscow will take you to Abakan for an average cost of 10.5-11.5 thousand rubles one way. Travel time from 8 hours.

You can see the current ticket prices for the dates you are interested in.

The airport is located directly in the city. Shuttle buses run from it, so you can get, for example, to a city hotel directly from the airport by public transport.

By train

By train you can get from Moscow in 3-4 days. There are regular trains and there are fast trains. The latter make fewer stops along the way, but I want to note that you still have to spend quite a lot of time on the road.

Modern trains quite comfortable, they have pastures-restaurants, titans with boiling water, it is possible to charge the phone or other devices.

Classes of cars are different, there are both reserved seats and compartments. The cost of a trip in a compartment is about one and a half times higher. For example, the price reserved seat from Moscow to Abakan - 7,500 rubles, and a compartment - 13,000 rubles.

Train Station It is located almost in the city center, you can walk in 15 minutes.

By bus

There is a bus connection with Krasnoyarsk, travel time is about 8 hours, the distance is 420 kilometers, there are stops every couple of hours. The price of a one-way ticket is about 1000 rubles.

Of course, you can also try to get by bus from Moscow (from St. Petersburg, your path will also run through the capital), but in my opinion, this is too tiring. You will spend as much time and money as on the train, and you will most likely have to make transfers. But to sleep in a horizontal position, unlike traveling by rail, will not succeed. So from Moscow, get to Krasnoyarsk or Abakan by train, or better by plane, and from there by bus to end point.

You can also get by bus from other neighboring and nearby regions: Altai, Tomsk, Kemerovo, Kyzyl, Novosibirsk, Novokuznetsk.

By car

You can get to Khakassia by car, the roads there are in acceptable condition. But since the distances in Siberia are very large, before planning such a trip, it is necessary to calculate the route and trajectory.

You will have to drive at high speed, as the general flow of cars is moving intensively.

Since the distance is more than 4 thousand kilometers, you will spend more than 50 hours of pure travel time. What will turn into a tiring 5 days of driving with one driver or 3-3.5 days if two people change at the wheel. But I still advise you to make at least one stop at night and sleep in a horizontal position.

Clue:

Republic of Khakassia - the time is now

Hour difference:

Moscow - 4

Kazan − 4

Samara − 3

Yekaterinburg − 2

Novosibirsk 0

Vladivostok 3

When is the season? When is the best time to go?

Before you go on a trip, you need to imagine what natural and climatic conditions you will expect in Khakassia, whether it will be comfortable for you to travel around Siberia in the chosen season.

Winters are very cold, temperatures often drop below -30°C, so it's easier to visit these parts in summer, when it's warm and you can walk around in light clothes. In addition, it must be taken into account that Khakassia is heated with coal for most of the year, from the combustion of which a lot of carbon dioxide. In cities, during the heated period, when washing hands, you can notice that the water in the sink becomes dirty - this is from coal precipitation during heating.

I was surprised that many people live far from the cities, in the fields near the forests in their lonely houses. In winter, people in them are warmed by firewood, although they burn out very quickly. Winter is very cold, and without heat, one can easily freeze.

I recommend two options: the first is if you want to see Siberia, its latitudes, forests and lakes. In that case, it's best to go to summer season, it will be easier for you because warm weather. And the second option - if you want to feel the hard frosts, you can go hiking in the forest in winter and see if you can survive or not. Of the two options, I would prefer the summer one, because one must live rejoicing, and not tempting fate.

Republic of Khakassia in summer

If from June 10 to August 10 it is comfortable to walk in a T-shirt during the day, then after sunset you will have to wear a windbreaker. The temperature at night is noticeably lower than during the day. Since the climate is sharply continental, the temperature fluctuates on average from +14 °С to +30 °С, but it can also rise above +40 °С or drop to 0 °С.

Good comfortable weather alternates with rain and wind. Khakassia is decorated with trees, shrubs, flowers that turn green and bloom in summer.

Republic of Khakassia in autumn

Autumn in Khakassia lasts three months, coinciding with the calendar. Starting from September, the temperature gradually decreases (on average, September - +16 °С, November - down to -8 °С). The foliage on the trees turns yellow and completely falls off by the end of November.

In September, there is a harvest: potatoes, tomatoes, carrots, onions, corn, cabbage, etc. Khakassia is also famous for its pine nuts. They ripen in autumn and are harvested from the forests.

In November, the first snow usually falls, which then melts under the last warm rays of the sun. And only subsequent precipitation will form the final snow cover.

Republic of Khakassia in spring

Outside for a long time a large number of melted snow lies slush. In such weather, shoes should be warm and not get wet, otherwise you can easily catch a cold. At the end of April, the buds on the trees begin to swell. In May, the rays of the bright sun warm the earth more and more, and you can walk the streets in a light windbreaker.

Republic of Khakassia in winter

In winter, the daylight hours are short, the sun rises late and sets below the horizon early. The nights are starry, and the brighter the stars at night, the colder the weather. In February, winds often blow, snow forms large snowdrifts, forests are covered with a meter layer of snow. A big plus of Khakassia is that the territory is surrounded by the Western Sayan and Kuznetsk Alatau mountains, which make the climate calmer.

conditional areas. Descriptions and features

Khakassia is divided into districts: Altaisky (1), Askizsky (3), Beysky (4), Bogradsky (6), Ordzhonikidzevsky (5), Tashtypsky (7), Ust-Abakansky (8), Shirinsky (2).

There are urban formations: Abakan, Chernogorsk, Sayanogorsk and the city of Sorsk. The capital of Khakassia is the city of Abakan.

Khakassia is notable for a large number of lakes, rivers, forests. So the rest here, it seems to me, should be active if you are fond of any kind of sport, or, conversely, measured and unhurried. But here and there you can not hide from nature.

What are the prices for holidays?

If you decide to relax in Khakassia, it is more convenient to stay in a hotel, payment is made immediately for any number of days. Most hotels in terms of "star rating" reach three stars. Basically, there are simple beds with clean linen, there is an ordinary shower, a kitchen with a stove and a kettle. If you take just a bed, you can save some money by sacrificing personal comfort.

If you relax during the swimming season in resort villages, then you can rent housing from a private person, while it will be either an apartment, or a summer house, or a trailer. Conditions will be acceptable if you are used to normal life. Prices in hotels are the same all year round, and in Russia, on average, even cheaper. In the private sector, they rent housing only during the swimming season, the prices for apartments are higher than in hotel rooms, and on trailers below. Announcements from individuals about renting out housing during the swimming season are posted everywhere. The cost of the room will be around 1000 rubles. for two people.

Prices in hostels start from 400 rubles per bed, an inexpensive hotel room will cost from 1000 rubles, apartments - from 1300.

The cost of leisure varies depending on the type of activity - visiting museums, extreme views sports and other entertainment will cost you different amounts. So let's talk about prices as the story progresses.

Main attractions. What to see

There are many sights in Khakassia, beautiful places, nature reserves that you can see. As I wrote above, the region is famous for its natural attractions, so do not be surprised that in my text the emphasis is on them.

Top 5

Here I want to talk about the most interesting, in my opinion, places in Khakassia. It's hard to pick just five of them, but I'll try:

Beaches. Which is better

During the swimming season it will be nice to sunbathe on the beaches. There are many lakes and rivers in Khakassia. It is better to relax on the lakes, as the water in them warms up more strongly.

In the Shirinsky district, they go to the lakes Shira, Bele, Tus, Itkul, they are most popular with vacationers. There are resort bases, small villages, shops, nightclubs. In summer, life there is dynamic and festive. There are a lot of vacationers in the summer, mostly they come from Khakassia itself, but there are also many tourists from neighboring regions. I recommend choosing the village of Zhemchuzhny for recreation, where there is Lake Shira within walking distance. You can rent housing there, there are shops, night discos and attractions, many cafes and canteens.

Below is a map of the lakes of the Shirinsky district with a marked lake. Shira.

Churches and temples. Which are worth a visit

My Favorite Orthodox church- Transfiguration Cathedral - located in Abakan (at the entrance to the city from the east side, near one of the city parks). The temple is well maintained and restored. Also nearby is a park with small ponds and a beautiful walking area with a fountain.

Museums. Which are worth a visit

At the museum-reserve Kazanovka, I already wrote above. What else is interesting in Khakassia:

parks

The parks I liked the most are located, of course, in the capital of the republic - the city of Abakan. They are well-groomed, with planted trees, in winter they make snow figures, slides for skiing and a cheerful mood. The well-groomed territory directly depends on the forces and means invested in it. Almost every other city has its own parks where people can walk and look at nature.

Also, don't forget the many national parks, which is full of Khakassia.

neighboring regions

The neighboring regions of Khakassia are:

1. Kemerovo region located to the north of Khakassia, the coal industry is mainly developed there, there are also many forests.
2. Tyva Republic located with south side, you can see large beautiful forests but you don't have to go there because it's not safe. The weather in the republic is very cold in winter, Tuvans often get sick from frost with tuberculosis.
3. Krasnoyarsk region- the largest region of Siberia in terms of territory and the richest in minerals. In addition, it has many museums, fountains, it is rich in forests and open spaces, where developed infrastructure and education, and relatively safe.
4. Altai Republic beautiful in her natural natural beauty, which man has not yet completely violated. People go to Altai in the summer to rest from neighboring regions, since there clean rivers and lakes.

But still, the warmest, albeit not by much, is the region of Khakassia, where there are also beautiful clean reservoirs, and forests.

Food. What to try

In Khakassia, in early autumn, residents harvest potatoes planted in May, so you can taste potato pancakes with sour cream (it is better in autumn, when the potatoes are completely fresh). You can try stewed cabbage with meat, Khakassia has its own recipe for this dish.

Since the climate in Siberia is very cold, locals eat a lot of meat and fat.

Features of the mentality

The indigenous population is the Khakass, they have Mongoloid features, but large quantity the inhabitants of Khakassia are Russians. Tragically, during the violent reprisals of the early 20th century, people from the southern and central corners of Russia were forced to move to the territory of the Republic, someone had to save himself in Siberia. This is how this territory developed by a small part of the people who managed to survive during the repressions of the leader Koba Dzhugashvili, as well as from severe frosts and hunger. Apparently, also because of his lack of education, Koba Dzhugashvili thought that in Siberia it was just as warm in the sea as in his Georgia and that citrus trees grew instead of poplars. If at the time when the Georgians asked the Russian authorities for protection from Turkey, Iran, they had not sent Russian troops for protection, then there would have been no repressions then.

Much has been preserved there since those times, and colonies and prisons still operate, especially a large concentration of them in the village of Prigorsk and in metropolitan city Abakan. But, as in Khakassia, someone came up with the idea of ​​saying that it is not the place that makes the person beautiful, but the person that makes the place beautiful.

In Khakassia, European or Eastern values ​​have not received their distribution. The mentality is Siberian, the colors of the clothes are gray, dark. They have fun with beer, and also spend various Russian holidays, the authorities usually follow the rules for drinking and selling alcoholic beverages. In Siberia, due to frequent frosts, there was a feeling that we must constantly move in order to be ready for frosts and not freeze. This feature also affects the rest. People are gradually becoming more open and sociable, apparently this is a general trend in the development of the country. To live in the Siberian sharply continental climate, one must have good health, since severe frosts and harsh natural conditions require constant movement. But with generations life is shortened. Life expectancy is directly related to climatic conditions: where they are lighter, there people live longer. From generation to generation, the ability to adapt to the environment is transmitted at the genetic level.

Holidays

The most celebrated holiday New Year. He is met near the Christmas tree and with a glass of champagne and the chiming clock, after the President's address. At this time, all parks are decorated with New Year's paraphernalia, ice figures, in the dark they glow brightly in a festive way.

Khakassia has its own National holidays.

• In February, seven weeks before Easter, Shrove Week is celebrated. Maslenitsa marks the end of winter and the arrival of spring. She is greeted by burning an effigy, pancakes.
• June 19 is a memorial day for Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, who secretly expropriated the atomic bomb project from the United States and thereby ensured peace in Russia from external aggression.
• May 7 is the celebration of the invention of radio.
• December 27 is the day of memory of Kuzma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky.
• Easter is celebrated on the first Sunday after the first full moon following the spring equinox.
• On the ninth day after Easter, Radonitsa is celebrated as parental day.
• May 9 is Victory Day

Safety. What to watch out for

1. It is quieter to rest during the day in the city of Abakan, on the central illuminated streets and areas equipped for recreation - parks, squares, cafeterias. No need to wander the dark streets and deserted places, it is better to bypass groups of drunk people.
2. It is necessary to get acquainted with someone with extreme caution, you should not start communicating with aggressive, homeless-looking people, as well as with those who will ask you for money. If, for example, you are robbed, the police may think that either you are to blame, because you do not understand who you are talking to, or you did not share the money with your friends.
3. If you are staying in a hotel and do not like night noise, choose hotels away from convenience stores, as at night young companies can gather in cars near them, drink and listen to loud music. If you call the police squad, you can hear this squad arrive and tell the noisy company who called them.
4. Also beware of the gypsies.
5. Don't use dating sites local city, since almost all the profiles there are fictitious and they will laugh at you at best.
6. In case of suspicion, contact the nearest prosecutor's office with a statement to the prosecutor on duty. It is better to try to bypass the local police.
7. You have to be careful in nightclubs. If you don't know the tricks hand-to-hand combat and you do not have your own support group, then you will not have any security. In Abakan, the situation is calmer.
8. I watched one picture in the city of Chernogorsk: at midnight, near a nightclub located at the intersection of Kosmonavtov-Yubileinaya streets, drunk visitors started a fight, and one of the participants was pregnant. A police patrol arrived, dragging this pregnant drunk young woman by the hand along the snowy asphalt to the patrol car, while another young woman kicked her. Therefore, be careful, see where you are going and what contingent of people has gathered there. You can also refer to crime statistics to better understand the situation.

Things to do

It is better to relax in Khakassia either during the swimming season and go to the lakes of your choice, or to winter resorts, riding on snow slides, if hard frosts are suitable for you to relax.

Shopping and shops

There are many shops in Khakassia, where a wide range of everyday goods is presented. There are shops throughout the republic, in almost all settlements, so you do not threaten to remain hungry if you have money. Also in Abakan there is a large market in central area where you can find everything you need.

bars

You can visit the bars in the center of Abakan - for example, the cafe "Abakan". You need to look at the establishments before you stay there - it should be civilized, well equipped and without large heavily drunk companies. Also in the summer in the village of Zhemchuzhny, many cafes open where young people spend time.

Clubs and nightlife

Night life There are also in Khakassia - many nightclubs that work until the morning. People are going to sit, drink and dance in them. I was in the summer at the nightclub "So lban" in the village of Zhemchuzhny, there is a large dance floor and many visitors.

Of all the clubs in Khakassia, I liked the Nautilus. There is a cinema, a restaurant, a discotheque, visitors behave decently.

Souvenirs. What to bring as a gift

In Khakassia, craftsmen make various souvenirs: dolls, embroideries, caskets, pictures.

How to move around the region

developed in Khakassia automobile transport. Most of the roads are asphalt. Their technical condition happens different.

By bus transport you can reach all regions and cities. Buses run on schedule, departure points are bus stations, the cost in the city on a city bus is 22 rubles. Routes pass through all regions of Khakassia, so you can get to right place. Another way to travel is a taxi, which is much more expensive, but more comfortable, the cost starts from 60 rubles.

Taxi. What features exist

Khakassia has its own taxi services, in which there are enough cars so that, if necessary, you can not wait a long time on a call, but immediately leave any city in almost all of Khakassia. It is not necessary to use private taxis, only licensed ones from the organization (for personal safety).

Transport rental

In Khakassia, there are offers for renting vehicles from different companies: Abakanprokat, Verossa, Riocar, Abakan limousines and other companies. You can rent a car with or without a driver. You can compare prices and look for great deals, for example.

It is better, of course, to drive carefully, so you will be calmer and have more time to travel. It’s good if you have a DVR installed in your car so that you can record the situation and, if necessary, have conclusive evidence. On the road, a priori, the traffic police officer is right. If you think that you are right, and they do not give way to you, then it is better to let the other driver pass and easily go on. The scorcher will find his own anyway, and it's better if not with you.

The fight against corruption is going on, and giving bribes is very dangerous, you can easily end up in custody. Follow the rules traffic, but rather take a taxi with people you know well.

Republic of Khakassia - holidays with children

There are many children's recreation camps in Khakassia, there are children's palaces of creativity. In Abakan there is a fairy tale theater where you can go with children.

Ski holidays

Khakassia is Siberia, where most of year cold. Ski holidays developed, you can either just go skiing in the parks by renting them, or go to the famous ski resorts, I liked the Gladenkaya recreation center more, it is located near the city of Sayanogorsk. And since there are many forests and mountains in Khakassia, in winter many places are equipped for snow skiing.

Ski passes

One day tickets:

• Subscription for 1-5 lifts 150 rubles for 1 lift.
• Subscription for 10 lifts 120 rubles for 1 lift.
• Subscription for 15 lifts 100 rubles for 1 lift.

Weekly:

• Subscription for 20 lifts 90 rubles for 1 lift.
• Subscription for 500 lifts 45 rubles for 1 lift.
• Subscription for 10 lifts upon purchase on the website (100% prepayment) 100 rubles for 1 lift.

Season 2017-2018:

• Subscription for 800 lifts 40 rubles for 1 lift.
• Subscription for 999 lifts 37 rubles for 1 lift.

5 things to do in this region

1. It is interesting to visit the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP, which is located near the city of Sayanogorsk. This is one of the largest hydroelectric power plants in Russia.
2. You can travel around the Shirinsky territories, see the lakes.
3. Drive into the cedar forest, visit the birch forest.
4. View the Abakan and Yenisei rivers.
5. try mineral water local source Khan-Kul.

Transport

Air communication

From Moscow (Vnukovo) to Abakan, once a week, the Vladivostokavia airline operates a flight (Moscow - Abakan - Vladivostok - Abakan - Moscow). Once a week there are flights Kyzyl - Abakan - Novosibirsk - Abakan - Kyzyl, Norilsk - Abakan - Yekaterinburg.

There is no air communication between the cities of Khakassia.

Railway

From Moscow to Abakan runs daily Express train. Trains Novokuznetsk - Abakan (11.5 hours on the way), Krasnoyarsk - Abakan (via Sayanskaya, 14 hours on the way), Krasnoyarsk - Abakan (via Achinsk) run daily. Direct cars run to Abakan from Tomsk, Irkutsk, Anapa, Adler, Simferopol. Direct carriage Novokuznetsk - Abaza.

Intercity buses

Abakan is bound by regular bus service with Krasnoyarsk, Tomsk, Kemerovo, Kyzyl, Sayanogorsk, Abaza, Shira.

Highways

The road network in Khakassia is quite developed. The main route M54 Krasnoyarsk - Abakan. The Usinsky tract Abakan - Kyzyl and the highway Abakan - Askiz - Abaza - Ak-Dovurak (Tuva) go through Abakan.

There are enough gas stations and service stations on the roads.

Transport ArrivalFlights to the city of Tunisia are carried out by Aeroflot from Moscow 2 times a week. In summer there are flights to Monastir from Moscow and St.