Where is Sviyazhsk located? Sviyazhsk is a unique landmark of Tatarstan! Merchants' houses and Lazy Torzhok

Russia is the most big state in the world. Its open spaces stretched for almost 10,000 km - from Kaliningrad to Kamchatka. Russia is a country with amazing story and culture. That is why we are launching a new special project, within which we will introduce you to little-known places in Russia.

The first stop on our tour is the island-town of Sviyazhsk with rich history and picturesque paintings.

Novograd Sviyazhsky

Mid 16th century. Between the Moscow kingdom and the Kazan Khanate - a fierce struggle. Ivan the Terrible wants to conquer the Volga region at all costs.

The Kazan Khanate is in deep crisis. Practically the only outpost of resistance to Russian troops, outnumbering the enemy in numbers and artillery, is Kazan.

In 1550, the army of Ivan the Terrible made a second attempt to conquer the capital of the Kazan Khanate. Unsuccessful: too far from Moscow to regularly supply troops with provisions and weapons. But, returning home, the governors noticed in the middle of the river a high hill with steep slopes and a flat top (Kara-Kermen). The "find" was reported to the king.

Grozny immediately appreciated the strategic value of the hill. The hill is surrounded on almost all sides by water; it is only 26 versts from Kazan, but it is not visible from the city. Ivan IV came up with a cunning plan - to build a fortress that would become a transit point for Russian troops.

1,000 km before the alleged fortress, in the forests of Uglich, the tsar ordered the construction of a wooden kremlin. The order was fulfilled. And in the spring of 1551, when the Volga opened up from the ice, the tsar ordered the fortress to be dismantled, logs loaded onto rafts and floated to Kara-Kermen.

On May 24, 1551, Russian troops and hard workers landed on the island. Work began to boil: 75,000 people worked day and night. In less than a month, on an overgrown, unsociable hill, a powerful military fortress, surpassing even the Moscow Kremlin in size. Two churches were erected next - Trinity and Christmas, as well as numerous outbuildings. The city-fortress first received the name "Ivan-city", and then - "Novograd Sviyazhsky".

What to see in Sviyazhsk?

In the second half of the 16th century, Sviyazhsk received the status county town: the population grew, crafts developed, new churches and houses were built.

By the beginning of the 18th century, the city became "monastic". All economic, political and administrative functions took over Kazan. In Sviyazhsk, there were two monasteries - Trinity-Sergievsky (later - John the Baptist) and Uspensky. The city was considered a stronghold of spirituality and beauty.

The revolution destroyed the harmony. In 1918, Trotsky arrived in Sviyazhsk - the Red Terror began. They executed priests, destroyed churches (from 1929 to 1930 they destroyed 6 out of 12 churches that existed in the city), closed both monasteries.

In Soviet times, Sviyazhsk became a "city of unnecessary people." In 1928, a correctional colony for difficult teenagers was placed in the cells of the Assumption Monastery, and in 1943, an NKVD camp. Later, these premises were converted into a psychiatric hospital.

Only in the 1960s, after filling Kuibyshev reservoir When Sviyazhsk became an island, its cultural and historical revival began.

Today the island-city of Sviyazhsk is like a portal to the past. There is no public transport, industry and modern buildings - only the picturesque nature of the Middle Volga and numerous architectural monuments.

There are about 20 on the island ancient buildings: some are well preserved, others are dilapidated. Of the existing buildings: the Assumption Cathedral (1556–1561), the bell tower of St. Nicholas Church (1556), the Sergius Church (XVII century), the Church of Constantine and Helena (XVI–XVIII centuries) and others.

The pearl of the island is the Trinity Church (1551) - the first Orthodox church on the Volga and the only building that has survived from the time of Ivan the Terrible. It was built from huge larch logs without a single nail in just one light day.

Of course, the church was completed. In the 19th century, the hipped roof was replaced with an eight-slope roof, a porch was added, and the log walls were sheathed with hemp and painted ... The temple then looked faded and inconspicuous.

But in 2009 they decided to return him historical appearance: the paint was removed, a wooden terrace was added. They left only the tes (apparently, to protect the ancient logs from rain and snow). Now, not only inside, but also outside, the Trinity Church exudes the atmosphere of the era of Ivan IV. By the way, at the entrance to it there is a bench, on which, according to legend, the Terrible Sovereign himself sat.

What to do in Sviyazhsk?

As in other historical places, the main "entertainment" in Sviyazhsk is sightseeing of architectural sights. This can be done both independently and using the services of professional guides.

The latter organize various excursion programs, including interactive ones (with historical performances and theatrical performances).

In 2012, after reconstruction, the Horse Yard was opened, the construction of which dates back to the 16th century. IN tsarist Russia it served as an inn for visitors, and in Soviet times as a utility block. Now the Horse Yard is an ethnographic center where you can plunge into the atmosphere of antiquity.

A craft settlement was organized on its territory, where you can watch how horseshoes are forged, clay pots are made and fishing baskets are woven.

By the way, fishing is one of the main occupations of local residents to this day (even on the coat of arms of the city - fish). It is understandable: there is no industry, there is little space for agriculture, but there is plenty of water.

Sviyazhsk stands on the spot where the Sviyaga River flows into the Volga; navigation starts in April and ends in October. Almost all local residents have boats - in summer the Volga banks are literally strewn with fishing enthusiasts.

“Hunt” for pike and bream come even from other regions. Men joke: “Sviyazhsk - perfect place for fishing with my wife. She is in the city on an excursion, and you are calmly waiting for the bite.

How to get to Sviyazhsk?

Previously, it was possible to get to Sviyazhsk only by water. But in 2008, a dam with an asphalt road was built, which connected the island with the "mainland". Now you can get to the village both by river and land transport.

On water

Runs daily during the summer passenger ship on the route Kazansky river station - Sviyazhsk.

Departure time: 8:20
Arrival time: 10:30
Ticket price: 100 rub. (tickets sold one hour before departure)

Evening in 16:30 the ship goes back, arrives in Kazan at 18:45 .

On weekends there are also additional sightseeing tours.

In addition, you can swim to Sviyazhsk on motor boat or by boat from nearby Vasilyevo or Vvedenskaya Sloboda.

On the ground

Sviyazhsk is located 30 km from Kazan - 40 minutes by car. You can find directions online or use a navigator. But you can’t drive into the village by car - parking is provided below for cars.

By rail

From the central railway station Kazan, trains run regularly to the railway station Sviyazhsk, which is 14 km from the island, in the village of Nizhniye Vyazovye. From there, you can get to the island-city by hitchhike or taxi.

Why is it worth seeing Sviyazhsk?

Sviyazhsk is a small island embraced by the mighty waves of the great Russian river. In 1833 Pushkin visited Sviyazhsk. Since then, there has been a legend that the poet had in mind when describing Buyan Island in The Tale of Tsar Saltan. Of course, this is just a legend (Alexander Sergeevich wrote about the Swan Princess in 1831), but it is easy to believe in it, because Sviyazhsk is really an island of fabulous beauty. There you want to wander between churches and dilapidated houses, admire nature, stand on the shore and think about the past and the future.

Sviyazhsk is a tiny village where most of residents are old, but its history can be the envy of many world cities. For more than 15 years this place has been claiming to be included in the List world heritage UNESCO. Federal and local authorities they are doing everything to make Sviyazhsk a "global treasure". But many of those who visited this city (not tourists, but simple connoisseurs of history) note that restoration work is sometimes carried out roughly, without observing historical authenticity and respect for Russian culture (if only it looked like something old). That is why Sviyazhsk must be seen!…until it became a typical tourist ethnopark.

And finally, a life hack: if you want to feel the silence and the historical grandeur of the island-town, go to Sviyazhsk in autumn or winter.

Sixty kilometers from the capital of Tatarstan, the ancient beauty of Kazan, annually visited by thousands of tourists from different corners our country and from abroad. What draws them to these places? In our article we will talk about this amazing place.

Sviyazhsk is the name of an island and a small rural settlement. It is located in the Zelenodolsk region of Tatarstan, at the confluence of the Sviyaga and Pike rivers. This is an amazing island with ancient architectural structures, it has become a monument of Russian history and architecture in Tatarstan.

The island of Sviyazhsk separates from Kazan no more than sixty kilometers. Pre-revolutionary, old street names are still preserved on the island: the main street- Uspenskaya, stretching from south to north across the entire island, Troitskaya Street runs parallel to it, and to the north - Nikolskaya. All of them are crossed by Alexandrovskaya street.

Population

Sviyazhsk in Tatarstan is inhabited by a little over two hundred people, which on the scale of our country is comparable to a very small village. The island is beautiful at any time of the year and in any weather. Picturesque summer sunsets and quiet streets covered with snow, without any signs of car traffic. Getting on fairy island You feel like you are in another dimension. And if you take into account the ancient buildings around, then this impression only intensifies.

Story

The history of Sviyazhsk is inextricably linked with the development of these places by the Russians, or more precisely, with the conquest and further annexation of the Kazan Khanate to the Russian state.

In the 15th century, there was a cone-shaped hill covered with centuries-old forest - Mount Kruglaya, around which the Sviyaga and Pike rivers flowed. And by the middle of the 16th century, the powerful fortress of Ivan the Terrible was located here.

It is known that since 1547 the Russian tsar repeatedly undertook campaigns against Kazan, but all of them failed. Returning after one of them (1550), young Ivan the Terrible saw the ideal location in the military-strategic plan of Mount Kruglaya and decided to be a Russian fortress here.

The tsar entrusted this difficult task to the first, who left a big mark in the history of our country, military engineer Ivan Grigorievich Vyrodkov. And it should be recognized that this most talented specialist found an ingenious solution. The fortress was completely cut down near the city of Uglich. All its details were numbered, fused and assembled on Bald Mountain.

It was grandiose project- The Sviyazhsk fortress surpassed even the Moscow Kremlin in size. It was cut down in 1551, and in less than a year (1552) Kazan fell. So on the banks of the Sviyaga, Volga and Pike, this island city and a powerful fortress appeared in record time.

During its nearly five-century history, Sviyazhsk has experienced ups and downs, wealth and poverty, obscurity and glory. But time steadily moved forward, the town grew, developed, the first monasteries and churches appeared on its territory. After the conquest of Kazan, the powerful fortress turned into a large trading and administrative center, where foreign merchants arrived and foreign embassies were located.

Later, Sviyazhsk turned into a monastic town, where life became quiet and filled with grace. Even later, Sviyazhsk became a county town of the Kazan province, which received its coat of arms in 1781. A city sailing on a ship is depicted on a shield, under which fish are splashing. This is a kind of tribute to the unusual and very original construction of the city, which was actually brought from the Uglich forests.

An unenviable fate awaited the town after the revolution - these were defiled and plundered temples, which housed correctional facilities and prisons. And then came an even darker time when picturesque island Sviyazhsk in Tatarstan became one of the Gulag camps.

At the end of December 1955, part of the city was flooded. This happened due to the launch of the Kuibyshevskaya GRES. The road that connected it with the land went under water, and Sviyazhsk turned into a real island.

The newest history of Sviyazhsk began in 2008. Until that time locals lived on the island until a dam with a highway was built, again connecting Sviyazhsk with the mainland. The implementation of the well-known program "Renaissance" began in 2010, during which it is planned to turn Sviyazhsk in Tatarstan into a museum-reserve of republican significance. Large-scale restoration and restoration work is underway here.

Sviyazhsk: description of the modern island

Nowadays ancient walled city is experiencing a rebirth. As in the past, participants of excursions in Sviyazhsk are greeted by white-stone walls of monasteries, gilded domes of churches, as in ancient times, people live here, and perhaps among them there are descendants of those who once created this man-made miracle.

city ​​architecture

Sviyazhsk in Tatarstan, thanks to isolation from the outside world, after the transformation of the town into an island, kept intact unique architecture and the layout of the county town of the 19th century. Most of these days local population relocated to municipal apartments, and their houses are being reconstructed, and they are transferred to various institutions and organizations.

The estate of the merchant Kamenev is a prime example architecture of Sviyazhsk. It was built in the 19th century. The building is made in the style of classicism, but with some elements wooden architecture. The building was restored in 2010, and today it houses a hotel.

Rozhdestvenskaya Square is the architectural and historical center of Sviyazhsk. There are several interesting objects around it: fire barracks, a city school, a vocational school. The square offers a stunning view of the Volga, so guests who took part in an excursion to Sviyazhsk like to relax here. They take great photos, but even those cannot fully convey the beauty of these places.

Sviyazhsk in Tatarstan: attractions

This building is well deservedly considered calling card islands. The Assumption Monastery in Sviyazhsk was founded in 1555. This happened just three years after Kazan fell. The first rector of the monastery was Archimandrite Herman. Today he is considered the patron saint of the city. Interesting fact: when they wanted to desecrate his relics in 1922, such a strong thunderstorm began that the atheists, frightened, abandoned their dirty work.

The ensemble of the monastery is a unique historical and architectural landmark, which has no equal in the Middle Volga region.

John the Baptist Monastery

Until 1917, this monastery was for women, and after the revolution and to this day it is for men. It was founded in the 16th century and was named Rozhdestvensky. The first buildings were wooden, then stone and brick, but the most ancient buildings, unfortunately, have been lost due to frequent fires and rebuilding.

The monastery was actively expanded in 1796, when the bell tower and St. John the Baptist chapel of St. Sergius Church were built. Hard times came for the monastery with the advent of Soviet power: in 1919 it was closed. True, its entire territory was declared a museum-reserve of architecture and history. Even in 1959, the restoration of the central cathedral was carried out.

Temples of the ancient city: Assumption Cathedral

The temple was built in 1560 in the Pskov-Novgorod style. The construction work was supervised by Ivan Shiryaev and Postnik Yakovlev, the authors of the world-famous This is one of the two temples of Sviyazhsk and Russia, in which frescoes from the era of Tsar Ivan the Terrible have been preserved - their area inside the cathedral is one thousand and eighty square meters. The second temple was preserved in the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery of Yaroslavl.

Quite a few frescoes of both earlier and later periods of the history of our country exist and have been perfectly preserved, and there are only a few frescoes of the 16th century. This unique monument and a rarity of ancient Russian art of the 16th century. Of particular interest to specialists is the fresco of the holy warrior Christopher with a horse's head. In iconography at that time, images with a dog's head were accepted, later all animal-like images were destroyed.

No less interesting are the altar images of Tsar Ivan the Terrible himself, as well as Metropolitan Macarius of Moscow. In summer, the shrine with the relics of Herman is located in the premises of this cathedral.

Trinity Church

The history of the construction of this church is interesting: along with the materials for the Sviyazhsk fortress, logs for this temple were also brought in 1551. Amazingly, the church was assembled within a day, without a single nail. Researchers and historians consider Prince Nikita Serebryany to be the founder of the Trinity Church. Documents have been preserved that testify that here Ivan the Terrible himself prayed on the eve of

This is the oldest monastery church. It was cut down near Uglich along with other structures of the fortress. The interior of the temple changed several times, but the design of the iconostasis remained unchanged. The church was completed several times and sheathed with boards. Today appearance The temple has been completely restored. Today it is the only remaining of the first wooden buildings that can take pride of place in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Temple of Constantine and Helena

One of the surviving churches on the island, not part of the monastery complex. It was built in the second half of the 17th century on the site where there used to be an ancient wooden temple, erected in the memorable year 1551. In Soviet times, there was a museum within its walls, and since 1993, services have resumed there.

Church of Sergius of Radonezh

This church in Sviyazhsk in Tatarstan was built in 1551. It was originally wooden. During the reign of Boris Godunov, a stone temple was erected in its place from white limestone, and it was re-consecrated in honor of St. Sergius of Radonezh the Wonderworker. This is confirmed by a wall inscription dated 1604. For the winter, the shrine with the relics of St. Herman is transferred to the premises of this temple.

Nikolsky temple

The oldest monastery church is Nikolskaya. It was built in 1956 from hewn stone. The work was carried out by the Pskov artel of Ivan Shiryaev. Much later, a bell tower (four-tiered), forty-three meters high, was added to it. Exactly this tall building on the island. The cell of St. Herman has been preserved in this temple. Only the monks of the monastery are allowed to pray here.

Memorable places of the island

Many memorable places Tatarstan attract tourists. One of the main attractions of the republic is Sviyazhsk, in the history of which, unfortunately, the gloomy events of the Civil War in Russia and the Stalinist repressions left their unhealed mark. This is eloquently told by the monuments of the island.

Now, probably, few people know how many people were killed on the island in custody. This is due to the secrecy and inaccessibility of the archives. After the victory over Nazi Germany, Sviyazhsk turned not only into a prison, but also into a kind of "isolation" for the disabled, crippled at the front and in the camps. Stalin did not want invalids to fall into the eyes and evoke sad feelings among the people. In those years, in the country that defeated fascism, many monasteries turned into the last refuges for mutilated people.

Many members of the intelligentsia died in captivity on the island. Among them is the talented Tatar poet Hassan Tufan. He spent ten years in the Sviyazhsky camp, and after that another seven years in Siberia. All this time he was creating: he wrote poems that were dedicated to his wife.

The place in Sviyazhsk was not chosen by chance. When restoration and restoration work was carried out in ancient structures, a mass grave was discovered, which dates back to the forties of the last century. The remains of the unfortunate did not disturb, and a memorial was created at the burial site.

The sculpture depicting an intelligent prisoner who releases a dove through the bars has become a symbol of all the victims of the regime innocently imprisoned in the local prisons. The author of the monument was a sculptor from Tatarstan Mahmud Gasimov.

Wall of the Communards and stone obelisk

The post-revolutionary period also left its mark on the history of the island. Near the central square is the "Wall of the Communards", as well as a small and rather modest obelisk.

This is the place where the Red Guards were executed in 1918. Every tenth soldier of the military unit, which was stationed on the island, was killed on the orders of Trotsky after an unsuccessful attempt to dislodge white troops from Kazan.

Secular buildings of the island

Sviyazhsk in Tatarstan was a county town and had a characteristic architecture of its time. The buildings of the nineteenth century were practically not rebuilt, and therefore they are perfectly preserved. Here, tourists can see residential Uspenskaya and Nikolskaya streets, state-owned houses and barracks of the engineering regiment on Uspenskaya street, the building of a craft school, a city school on the central square of the island and other buildings.

Museums and entertainment

Sviyazhsk in Tatarstan has a small museum where you can visit exhibitions that tell about the history of the island. Its employees organize walking tours, offer guests an interactive program "Streltsi fun". Today, the most interesting complex of the Horse Yard has been restored, blacksmithing and pottery are being revived.

The museum complex includes workshops, a working stable, a restaurant, a guest house and a souvenir shop. Many poets, writers and artists sing wonderful island in your creativity. “Enchanted by the Island” is a whole complex of structures that keep the ancient history of the settlement from the moment of its foundation.

If you happen to visit Sviyazhsk, do not miss the opportunity to drive around the island in a carriage. At the Horse Yard, as in the distant past, beautiful and well-groomed horses live. They can be fed and stroked. And all lovers of equestrian sports will be offered to ride them around the island. Here, on the territory of the Horse Yard, there is a craft settlement.

Tourists not only visit the workshops, but also have the opportunity to take part in the creation of souvenirs using ancient technologies. Everyone is invited to try their hand at leather, pottery, blacksmithing, learn how to weave real bast shoes from a vine, and learn the basics of woodcarving. Tourists who come to the island for three days, from Friday to Sunday, can take part in the craft program.

Another interesting place on the island is Lazy Torzhok. It is located very close to the central Christmas Square. Here guests will be offered to put on armor and feel like real ancient warriors - the defenders of the fortress - and will be allowed to shoot from medieval weapons.

How to get to the island?

Probably, many readers, after reading the article, will think about visiting Svyazhsk. How to get to the amazing island? Not as difficult as it might seem. Since the island-grad is located very close to the capital of Tatarstan, we will present you with several options on how to get to the island from Kazan.

By bus

From the "Southern" bus station of Kazan every day at 8.40 departs for Sviyazhsk scheduled bus. On weekends, additional buses run from the Central Bus Station. The journey takes an hour and a half.

Motor ship

From Kazan you can get to Sviyazhsk by boat. True, this option can only be considered from the first of May to the end of September.

By boat

Every day from 8.20 a passenger boat departs. Travel time is over two hours. But this longer option guarantees you the opportunity to admire the magnificent Volga landscapes, as well as see interesting places Tatarstan from the river.

bus-boat

Combined option that allows you to combine bus route And river trip. In this case, you should take a bus to Vasilyevo, and then transfer to a boat.

By car

We recommend motorists to move from Moscow to Kazan along the M7 highway. After passing the village of Isakovo, turn right at the junction. An old wooden mill can serve as a guide for you. Then move to the sign "turn to Sviyazhskoye" and turn right.

Motorists should be aware that entering the city by car is prohibited. The car should be left in paid parking.

non-commercial information project"Island-city of Sviyazhsk". History of Sviyazhsk. virtual walk around the island. Scientific articles, journalism, photographs, videos and stories of travelers.

Presumably, in the pre-Christian era, the place on the Round Mountain at the mouth of the Sviyaga River (30 kilometers up the Volga from Kazan), where Sviyazhsk is now located, was a pagan temple (an ancient site). In the vicinity of Sviyazhsk, after the founding of the fortress, mammoth bones were found.

By the XIII-XIV century refers to the first mention of the Sviyazhsk remnant in the Bulgarian chronicles of Sharafetdin bin Khisametdin al-Muslimi al-Bulgari under the name "Kara kirmen" ("Black Fortress").

walled city

The border of the Kazan Khanate lay only 20 kilometers west of its capital, along the Sviyaga River, and Ivan the Terrible needed a well-fortified fortress, since the Moscow troops, cut off due to difficulties in communication with Moscow, could not besiege Kazan for a long time.

In 1551 after another unsuccessful campaign against Kazan, Ivan IV's troop set up its camp at the mouth of the Sviyaga at a distance of a day's march to Kazan. In order, "in order to make the Kazan land cramped," the tsar needed to find a place for a support base near the khan's capital. The Nikolskaya chronicle says that the Tatar princes, led by Shah-Ali, supporters of Moscow, pointed to the Round Mountain, overgrown with forest - a high hill with a flat top and steep slopes, washed by two rivers - the Sviyaga and the Pike. Around the hill there were swamps that did not dry out after the flood, which excluded the possibility of a sudden attack on the fortress. Here, 26 versts from Kazan, they decided to build a fortress city. But it was not so easy to do this, because the Russian army was on enemy territory. Therefore, the king ordered to cut down the entire city in the coal forests, 1000 km from the alleged fortress.

Winter 1550-1551 on Upper Volga work began in the forests. The management of the construction and drawing up drawings of the fortifications of the future city was entrusted to the famous master, clerk Ivan Grigorievich Vyrodkov in the city of Myshkin (modern Yaroslavl region). By spring, the wooden Kremlin with walls, towers and churches was ready.
Fragment of the icon "Sergius of Radonezh with his life" (mid-7th century, Yaroslavl Historical and Architectural and Art Museum reserve):

Then all the logs were marked out, disassembled and tied several of them rafts.
In April 1551 as soon as the Volga opened up from the ice, caravan of ships “bring with you ready a hail of wood ... the same summer is new, cunningly created”, went down the Volga to the chosen place.

At the same time, the sovereign’s army marched from Moscow to Kazan, the armies of Prince Khilkov from Meshchera, Prince Serebryanny from Nizhny Novgorod and Bakhtiyar Zyuzin from Vyatka moved, blocking Kazan, blocking the waterways and occupying the crossings across the Volga and Kama.

May 24, 1551 Russian troops took up a position off the coast of the Sviyaga. Work began on the island: the mountain was leveled and cleared of forests. The royal people fished out rafts with a dismantled city downstream near the mouth of the Sviyaga, and from the finished logs in just 24 days a fortress was erected on Mount Kruglyaya, surpassing the Moscow Kremlin and Novgorod in size. 75 thousand people worked day and night. At the same time, the Church of the Nativity was built. Initially, the city-fortress was named Ivan-gorod in honor of the tsar, but soon they began to call it "Novgorod (Novograd, new town) Sviyazhsky.

In 1552 became the base of Russian troops during the siege of Kazan.

“Go, fools,” the Tatars mocked the Russians, “to your Rus', don’t work in vain; we will not surrender to you; we will take away Sviyazhsk!”

Meanwhile, Russian troops surrounded Kazan and a protracted siege began. Before the assault, in the Russian regiments, all the soldiers were ordered to confess and take communion, the Sovereign himself spent part of the night with his confessor. And when the morning of the assault came, Tsar John ordered not to stop worship even in the midst of the battle: “If we listen to the service to the end, then we will receive perfect mercy from Christ.” And then it resounded powerful explosion(Russian sappers made a secret dig into which barrels of gunpowder were laid), which destroyed the gate and part of the wall. Soon there was a second explosion, even stronger. Then the Russian people, exclaiming: "God is with us!" - went on the attack. Tatars greeted them with a cry: “Mohammed! We will all die for the yurts!” When the Tsar arrived, Russian banners were already fluttering on the walls.

By order of the Tsar, half of the royal squad dismounted from their horses; gray-haired, sedate boyars, the youths surrounding the tsar, stuck to her, and all together moved to the gate. In their brilliant armor, in bright helmets, the royal squad cut into the ranks of the Tatars, defeating them. Prince Vorotynsky sent a message to the Tsar: “Rejoice, pious Autocrat! Kazan is ours, its tsar is in captivity, the army is exterminated. Thus, the robber Khanate of Kazan was liquidated. (Russian line)

Having fulfilled its main function, the city did not fall into decay.

In 1552 In Sviyazhsk, on the way to Moscow, Queen Syuyumbike stopped with her son Utyamash.

In 1606 there are unrest of "walking people" led by Ileika Muromets (Gorchakov).

In 1610-1911"rebellious people" besiege the city, but the rebellious tsarist troops defeated the rebels.
In 1612 the Kazan militia with the icon of the Kazan Mother of God passed by Sviyazhsk to save Moscow.
Late 17th - early 18th century Sviyazhsk retained only the functions of the first Christian city in the former Kazan Khanate with functioning monasteries. Economic, political and administrative functions gradually passed to Kazan.

In 1710 built a stone one.

In 1734 the stone parish church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker was built.

In 1735 built a stone parish Sofia (Tikhvinskaya)
church.

In 1754 a stone Cathedral of the Nativity was erected on the central square of the city.

In 1764 the closing of the Trinity-Sergius Monastery.
In 1781 the coat of arms of the city of Sviyazhsk was established.
Coat of arms description:
"In a blue field, a wooden city on ships on the Volga River, and in that river there are fish"

monastery city

In 1798 Emperor Paul I stayed in Sviyazhsk.

In 1829, a draft regular plan for the development of the city of Sviyazhsk was completed.

In 1833 A. S. Pushkin stayed in Sviyazhsk.

In 1836 Emperor Nicholas I stayed in Sviyazhsk. the time of his tenure as heir to the throne.

In June 1847 Taras Shevchenko passed through Sviyazhsk on his way to Orenburg while traveling on the steamer "Prince Pozharsky", which he mentioned on September 14, 1858 in his Diary.

In 1871 Emperor Alexander II stayed in Sviyazhsk. the time of his tenure as heir to the throne.

Engraving after a drawing by M. I. Makhaev (mid-18th century)

In 1896 in Sviyazhsk, the master plan of the city of Sviyazhsk was adjusted (population 3.5 thousand people).

In 1902-1904 Professor DV Aynalov examines the frescoes of the Sviyazhsk cathedrals.

In 1906 a cathedral was erected in honor of the icon "Joy of All Who Sorrow", architect F. Malinovsky.

Destruction of monuments

In 1918V Sviyazhsk is sent by Leon Trotsky, whose goal is to fight the Whites. On his orders, the extermination of the clergy began:
the abbot of the Dormition Monastery of the Mother of God, Archbishop Ambrose, was brutally murdered because he refused to hand over the monastery's grain supplies and church valuables;
the priest of the St. Sophia Church, father Konstantin (Dolmatov), ​​a dilapidated old man, was shot because he allegedly fired from a machine gun at the Red Army from the bell tower of his church;
nuns Predtechensky Monastery shot without any charges.

“The newspaper Le Journal reports: “The Danish writer Galling Keller, who returned from a trip to Russia, says that he was present in Sviyazhsk on opening of the monument to Judas Iscariot. The local council of deputies discussed for a long time who to put the statue on. Lucifer was recognized as not fully sharing the ideas of communism, Cain was too legendary a person, and therefore they settled on Judas Iscariot as a completely historical person, presenting him to his full height with his fist raised to the sky ”(from the book of Prince N. Zhevakhov“ The Jewish Revolution ”) .

In 1922 there was an autopsy of the relics of St. Herman by authorized Kazan OPTU.

In 1923-1924 Assumption and John the Baptist Monastery were closed.

In 1926 Sviyazhsk finally falls into disrepair and receives the status of a village in the Verkhneuslonsky district.

In 1928 in the premises of the Assumption Monastery, a children's colony was opened with forced labor with the eviction of all guests and residents from the monastery.

In 1929 the labor colony will be transformed into a labor commune for homeless teenagers in order to be re-educated by forced labor.

From 1929 to 1930 were :
gate church Ascension Monastery of the Dormition;
Germanovskaya Church of the Assumption Monastery;
parish Nikolskaya church;
Cathedral of the Nativity;
parish Church of the Annunciation;
parish Sophia (Tikhvin) church.

In 1933 they closed the colony-commune with the transfer of its economy to the jurisdiction of the NKVD of the TASSR.
In 1936 the colony was transformed into a prison with a limit of 200 people.
From 1937 to 1948 during the functioning of the political prison of the Gulag, 5 thousand repressed people died.

V. Golitsyn. Indicators for the day according to ITK No. 5 (sketch for the stand).
V. Golitsyn. “Daddy, come to dinner!” (picture on the back of the sketch for the stand).
1942 ITK No. 5, Sviyazhsk.
Wrapping paper, colored pencils, watercolor.
Museum "Creativity and life of the Gulag" at the International "Memorial"

Vladimir Mikhailovich Golitsyn (1901-1943), artist. He was arrested three times for a short time in 1925, 1926 and 1933. In 1930 he was expelled from Moscow with his family. Arrested on 10/22/1941, imprisoned in penal colony No. 5 in Sviyazhsk near Kazan. Died of pellagra