Timiryazev Academy: building, interiors, park. The estate of Petrovsky-Razumovskoye - view from the rear
This summer I visited the excursion "Secrets of the Timiryazevsky Forest". She was interested in the fact that it was possible to get into a closed area Timiryazev Academy behind the main building of this educational institution.
Since I studied at this university, I remember very well which beautiful park hiding behind a high fence. During my student days, everyone could freely walk along the well-groomed alleys. former estate Petrovsko-Razumovskoye, but soon access for outsiders to part of the territory was closed. Seeing the proposal of the travel agency, I thought that they had agreed with the rector's office of the agricultural academy to organize excursions to the closed zone. The announcement of the tour said that you need to be in comfortable shoes, but many did not attach much importance to this, as they were determined to walk around Moscow, where you rarely see unkempt paths and impassable paths.
Already at the meeting at the Timiryazevskaya metro station, our guide noticed that many still put on unsuitable shoes, since we have a very long walk at a fast pace. On foot, we went to the Dubki park, on the outskirts of which stands the wooden church of St. Nicholas at the thatched gatehouse.
This is a copy of the one that existed in this area at the beginning of the 20th century. Orthodox church built at the expense of summer residents according to the project famous architect F.O. Shekhtel. In Soviet times old church destroyed and only relatively recently recreated it in its original form in a new place. Opposite it is one of the entrances to the Dubki park, where you can walk along the old oak alleys.
Not so long ago this park was restored. Now here you can see ponds connected by a wooden bridge.
One of the hills is decorated with a gazebo with columns. Plenty of benches and seating areas throughout.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the entire area surrounding the park was environmentally friendly. summer cottage, many famous professors of the Petrovsky Forest Academy lived here, which later became known as the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. In 2000, a monument was erected in the Dubki park to the residents of the Timiryazevsky district, who died during the Great Patriotic War.
We walked to an old wooden stop, which is over a hundred years old. Now this is the stop of the 27th tram Krasnostudenchesky proezd. Then we went by tram to the station "Pasechnaya street" and got to the territory of the agricultural academy, which used to be the estate of Petrovsko-Razumovskoye. Its history began in 1676, when the estate was acquired by the grandfather of Peter the Great Kirill Poluektovich Naryshkin. In 1692, a temple was built in the estate in honor of Peter and Paul, which has not survived to this day; now in its place there is a monument to the soil scientist V.R. Williams.
In honor of this temple, or maybe in honor of the famous grandson of the emperor, the estate received its first name Petrovsky. Under Elizabeth Petrovna, the estate was owned by her second cousin Ekaterina Ivanovna Naryshkina, who was considered a very rich bride. She owned almost 44 thousand serfs, several houses in Moscow, the Moscow region and other provinces. As you know, one of the most beloved favorites of the Empress and, according to rumors, even her secret husband, was considered Alexei Grigorievich Razumovsky, a native of ordinary Cossacks. His brother Kirill Grigoryevich was even more attractive, and Elizaveta Petrovna even joked that if she had met him first, it would have been he who would have become her lover. In order to show Kirill Grigoryevich Razumovsky her disposition, the empress awarded him with all kinds of titles, and also betrothed the richest bride in Russia, Ekaterina Ivanovna Naryshkina. After the wedding, among other things, he became the owner of Petrovsky, which received the second name Razumovsky. Under Kirill Grigorievich, the arrangement of the estate began. According to the project of the famous architect A. Kokorinov, a palace was built with large yard, a dam was erected on the Zhabenka River, after which a cascade of ponds formed.
Numerous outbuildings were created. One of the academy's buildings with turrets is a former manor farm.
Behind the house was broken regular french park with terraces.
Several grottoes with pavilions were built near the ponds, from which guests could admire the surroundings. Then one of the sons of Kirill Grigorievich, Lev Kirillovich, lived in Petrovsky-Razumovsky. Among other things, he became famous in Moscow and St. Petersburg for his love story with Princess M.G. Golitsyna. The fact is that the lady at the time of her acquaintance with Razumovsky was married. Her husband, Prince Golitsyn, was distinguished by a ferocious disposition and cruel treatment of his wife. Lev Kirillovich decided to save his beloved and invited Prince Golitsyn, who at that time had already squandered his fortune, to play cards with him. The prince was losing game after game, and Razumovsky offered him the last game, on which he staked all the money he won against Princess Golitsyna. At first, the prince was offended, but there was nothing to pay for the loss, and he agreed. As a result, Razumovsky won M.G. Golitsyn and from that day began to live with her as with his wife. Soon they learned about what had happened in the world, gossip began. The church easily agreed to the divorce, since the very circumstance of playing cards for the wife was egregious. Razumovsky married his beloved, but in high society they weren't accepted for a long time. Fortunately, they had many influential relatives who patted the emperor, and at one of the family balls he turned to Maria Grigorievna, calling her a countess. After that, everyone else also recognized this marriage. During the war of 1812, the Razumovskys left Moscow.
Their estates, including Petrovsky-Razumovsky, were ravaged by the French. Upon his return, the count restored them on a grand scale and even received the Prussian king with his heir and other eminent persons at the estate. The Razumovskys had no natural children, and after their death the estate passed from hand to hand, until in 1861 it was bought by the state treasury. In 1865, an agricultural and forestry academy was founded on the site of the Petrovsko-Razumovskoye estate. The fact is that even under the Razumovskys, an advanced economy was organized on the estate with a farm, a greenhouse, orchards and orchards. This estate, like no other, suited the needs of the first agricultural university in Moscow. The Razumovsky Palace fell into disrepair and in its place, according to the project of the famous architect N. Benois, an elegant building with different facades was built. On the one hand, it looks more like a station building: there is a clock with a turret and a tram stop.
On the other hand, it is a real European palace. Now these facades are even painted in different colors.
While we were listening to the history of the academy on the alley from the side of the monument to K. A. Timiryazev, the academic secretary of the university council, who was on duty that weekend, approached us, slightly supplemented our story and allowed us to go to the park, which is closed to outsiders.
As it turned out, although the tour program included a visit to this park, it was unofficial. That is, usually sightseers walk through the forest for a long time and climb over the fence to admire the palace. That is why it was necessary to put on comfortable shoes. Fortunately, we passed this stage and went through the main academic building to the park.
Inside, we saw a memorial plaque stating that Emperor Alexander II issued a decree on the establishment of the Petrovsky Agricultural and Forestry Academy.
From the side of the park, the administrative building really looks like an elegant palace. No wonder it is often chosen by filmmakers for filming films and commercials.
It is surrounded by four allegorical sculptures "The Seasons".
Flora, the goddess of flowers and youth, represents spring, Demeter, the goddess of agriculture, symbolizes summer, Dionysus, the god of winemaking, is a symbol of autumn, and Saturn, the god of crops and time, is winter.
These statues appeared in the park already in the second half of the 20th century. We found them in the Bauman Garden in a rather neglected state.
Later, during the restoration, it turned out that under several layers of paint, statues were hidden, cast at the iron factories of the Demidovs in the Urals in 1760.
If you walk along the alley to the ponds, then on the right you can see one of the ancient grottoes. Many tell the story that in 1869, revolutionary students from the "People's Reprisal" circle killed student Ivan Ivanov in it. However, that grotto collapsed a long time ago, while another one survived. If earlier there were pavilions for the guests of the estate above the grotto, now vacationers who have entered the park are sunbathing on it.
Close to the academy is Timiryazevsky Park, which is actually a forest, miraculously preserved in Moscow.
Near the administrative building, there is another interesting monument to the students and teachers of the academy who died during the Great Patriotic War. They say that on Victory Day, access to it is opened.
On this, our tour of Timiryazevka came to an end. I was somewhat disappointed by the chaotic presentation of the material by the guide and the fact that visiting the closed territory of the academy was supposed to be illegal. I am glad that our group was lucky to meet a friendly employee of the rector's office, and we were able to avoid a long walk along the forest paths, which were impassable after the rain.
Which became part of Moscow at the beginning of the 20th century, but already in the second half of the 19th century it was very large and developed.
The other day, I walked around the estate, which was its logical center, and in 1865 became the home of the Petrovsky Agricultural and Forestry Academy.
As usual, the central building ( reverse side it overlooks Timiryazevskaya Street) looks very majestic from the front side.
In front of it there is a small garden, which includes several sculptures and other decorative elements. By the way, this is where was made . 
The vases, however, turned out to be the same. 
Yes, and the sculptures differ only in anatomical integrity. 
Not a masterpiece. One can only guess how everything was arranged here before 1812. 
There is also a reminder of the Second World War next to the palace. 
Let's go inside the park, where several alleys lead. I'll go to the main one. 
And I will come to such a pretty grotto. 
Not brand new. 
The insides had to be photographed through the bars. It is for the best, otherwise it would probably not be necessary to talk about safety. In general, it should be noted that similar things are found quite regularly in Moscow estates and parks - a signature feature of the era or a purely Moscow lotion? 
Nearby is a picturesque pond. Or rather, it is better to call it a dam, because it is connected to the main pond of the park ensemble - the Big Garden Pond. 
Suddenly. 
Well, now about park ensemble. The main building of the estate is marked with a tick, and I showed the size of the territory enclosed by a fence that does not have open gates, doors and other amenities in itself with a red line. To put it mildly, this is very strange and doubtful - I am sure that this is never a private territory. True admirers of this section of the park are not at all embarrassed by ridiculous fences, of course, but the sediment is present and there is a desire to figure it out. 
Fence country. 
If we leave the “locked” territory, we will see a very beautiful and cozy park, beloved by most residents of the surrounding neighborhoods.
This is one of the tributaries of the Zhabenka River - another impressive river, mainly flowing in collectors. 
Growing, the tributary flows into the Large Garden Pond, artificially formed with the help of a dam, visible in the background in the center of the frame. Pryanishnikova Street runs along its border. 
And the pond itself is not only an important part of the park ensemble. 
But it is also one of the open Moscow ponds, in which it is officially allowed to swim, which many people use with pleasure! Moreover, there are not only fishermen, but even seagulls. 
In the northern district of Moscow there is an old Timiryazevsky park, its area is 232 hectares. A day is not enough to see all the surroundings. When you get to the territory of the park, the first thing you notice is the singing of birds from all sides, as if you are in a real forest, and not in the capital. The park is quiet and cool, if you turn off the shady alley, you can see Deer Lake in front of you. It is so called because Peter the Great once noticed a deer on the shore.
On the next alley (ecological path) there are posts with stands describing the local flora and fauna. Going further deep into the Timiryazevsky Park, you find yourself on the Zhabenka River, on its bank - the remains of a pre-revolutionary dam. In the upper reaches, the river looks more like a small stream, but the path running along the hilly bank leads to the Garden Pond, at the approach to which the narrow stream turns into a real forest river. The shore of the Bolshoy Sadovoye Pond is a popular beach among Muscovites, where locals love to swim and sunbathe. And on the small Dog Island, not far from the place where the Zhabenka flows into the pond, you can indeed see dogs swimming. To the south is Duck Island, where ogar ducks and ordinary gray ducks nest. Nearby there is boat station where boats are rented.
Part of the Timiryazevsky park is fenced - these are artificial plantings, they are called the Forest Experimental Dacha and are a monument to silviculture. Here grow pines, larches, spruces, which are already 150 years old, and oak forests - more than 200 years old, there are beautiful birch groves. If you go further into the green zone, then Timiryazevsky Park becomes more and more like a forest (that's what the locals call it). Maple and linden grow in the second forest layer, there are mountain ash, hazel and thirteen species of plants listed in the Red Book of Moscow (lilies of the valley, ranunculus anemone, northern linnaea, etc.).
On the experimental fields there are nesting larks, lapwings, wagtails, quails. In the thicket are found, in addition to the ubiquitous pigeons, hawks, owls, crows. In Timiryazevsky Park there are many insects that are rare for a metropolis, for example, a forest bumblebee. Grape snails spread and multiplied from the arboretum throughout the forest. You can meet a frog or a hare in the park. Near the building of the administration of the park there are enclosures that contain squirrels, pheasants, owls and peacocks.
Timiryazevsky Park is very popular as a recreation area, especially often people come here on weekends. In specially equipped areas, it is allowed to burn fires, which lovers of barbecue in nature willingly use. During daylight hours, many mothers with strollers walk here, elderly people walk leisurely, cyclists meet, despite the fact that there are no paved paths in the park, only a few alleys. Children constantly play on the playground, breathing in the clean air of Timiryazevsky Park.
Last Saturday, thanks to an announcement in the Facebook group of our district, I went on an amazing tour of the Timiryazev Academy.
(Not an academy, not a palace - you say. But not everyone can see it)
The grandfather of Peter the Great, the last hetman of Ukraine, was the masters of this kingdom in the state, Catherine the Great visited here, Chekhov caught butterflies, Rachmaninov and Chaliapin sang and played. Palm trees and agaves grew here, musicians hid in the bushes and rode gondolas along the ponds. This place is awesome! Still!
Despite the Saturday morning and informal announcement about thirty people gathered. The trip was conducted, as I understand it, by Stanislav Velichko, director (?) of the Museum of the History of the Academy.
Rarely come across such charismatic guides who combine healthy humor and encyclopedic knowledge, seriousness and youthful enthusiasm. From the first minutes I regretted that I did not take a voice recorder / video camera, or at least a pen with a notepad. Or maybe all the better - now you have to compare memories, delve into sources and fill in the gaps.
Random photo of one of the visitors
(by the way, I found his lecture on YouTube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KWp_i8J4HiY and in general there is something on the network)
We started our viewing from the small building of the MCHA museum and the garden in front of it - to the uninitiated viewer it may seem like a neglected territory, but I will save them for last, so as not to postpone the story about the academy itself - about the most interesting.
I remember how I saw the buildings of the academy for the first time - driving a tram, just discovering the area in which I live. The student campus with heterogeneous buildings - sometimes in the form of turrets, from which it breathes the 18th century, then later buildings with a chessboard on the roof or with a clock, like at a train station - struck me instantly, and I often returned here for a walk (from my house 5 minutes by tram or 10 by bike).
The main building is painted pink; convex glass windows are striking. On top of the clock. It turns out that they were made in the 19th century by the same company as the clock on the Spasskaya Tower - the Butenop brothers. The clock still runs accurately and even strikes the time with a bell - but you can't hear it because of traffic noise. The company donated them to the academy because it bought a lot of agricultural implements, also made by the Butenop brothers. To the left of the building is the gate to the garden, which is almost always locked (I was convinced of this in early May)
However, it turned out that in June the entrance is open on Saturdays until 2 pm - such a curtsy for university graduates.
The building was built in 1862-1865 according to the design of the architect Nikolai Benois (this is - for a moment - the chief architect of Peterhof, chairman of the St. Petersburg Society of Architects, father of the famous artist Alexander Benois and grandfather of the artist Zinaida Serebryakova).
During these years, the state bought the wooden estate of Petrovsko-Razumovskoye, which fell into disrepair, in order to set up an agricultural academy here. (The husband is surprised that there is a photo old manor- there are probably very few photographs before 1865, they only began to appear then).
The foundation of the new building, if I remember correctly, was laid on cast iron so that it would not collapse from the roar of the carriages - a horse-tram passed very close, then a steam engine drove, and now a tram line stretched.
This is the fourth highest point in Moscow (right after the Sparrow Hills). And from the Cathedral of St. Peter and Paul, which was built in 1692 and stood on the site where the pedestrian crossing is now, the bell tower of Ivan the Great in the Kremlin was visible.
In 1938, the Cathedral was blown up (there is also a photo of this action, but I will not give it). Now only three stones from the foundation have been preserved from it, which were transferred to the territory of the academy park (that is, they are behind the fence).
A little more history. We do not know what “nothing” was here before the 16th century, but already in 1584 it had a name - the wasteland of Semchino and was assigned to the neighboring village, which was owned by the family of the Shuisky boyars. After 50 years, the wasteland turned into a village of two courtyards and three men (sorry, I have a free retelling of sources here))
The most interesting thing began when in 1676 Semchino was bought out by Kirill Poliektovich Naryshkin, the grandfather of Peter the Great. Since then, in honor of his grandson, this place became known as Petrovsky, and in 1678 a wooden church of St. Peter and Paul was built, on the site of which fifteen years later a white-stone cathedral was erected.
In the middle of the eighteenth century, the lands and buildings were transferred to Razumovsky - hence the second part of the name Petrovsko-Razumovsky. It was Kirill Razumovsky who built a wooden manor with a French park, it was under him that this place flourished and became that Garden of Eden that is guessed even on postcards 150 years later - not Moscow, but the Crimean Palace with agaves and a palm tree!
Interestingly, Kirill Grigoryevich was not only the president of the Academy of Sciences, but also the last hetman of Ukraine (!) And he ascended so high largely thanks to his brother Alexei, who was the lover of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, and even - as they say - secret husband.
This is Cyril. 
Here I will copy a paragraph from the wonderful livejournal http://deadokey.livejournal.com/70004.html
- because it completely coincides with what we were told and what is written in other sources
The creator of the grandiose garden and park complex, who gave his name to the estate, K. G. Razumovsky received it as a dowry for the maid of honor, Ekaterina Ivanovna Naryshkina. Kirill Grigorievich Razumovsky (1728-1803), a minion of fate, a simple Cossack who became a brilliant courtier thanks to his older brother, the morganatic spouse of Elizabeth Petrovna. Beauty, liveliness, brilliant European education made him a count, president of the Academy of Sciences, hetman of Ukraine, the richest man in Russia. In 1762, Catherine II stopped at his estate before entering Moscow for the coronation. Under him, the estate received its final development and dispensation; a dam was built on the Zhabna River and a picturesque cascade of ponds was formed, which have survived to this day under the name Academic or Bolshoy Sadovye; the park was decorated with statues, grottoes .. His son Lev Kirillovich made manor park available for public festivities of the "clean" public. The all-Moscow holiday was held here on Peter's Day, June 29th.
The guide Stanislav said about Kirill Razumovsky that the Academy of Sciences flourished under him. And the reason was, they say, some inertia of Razumovsky, who in the early years was too lazy to consider the scientists' slanders against each other. They wrote, wrote and calmed down.
Well, that's enough for now with history and ancient cards. We fly today. So, the main joke of the current Academy is that on the outside it has a strict official look and is painted pink. And from the side of the park - a view of a luxurious estate, painted in light beige tones, decorated with columns, twisted railings and vases. This was the idea during its construction (thanks to Benois or I don’t know to whom - but it’s just wonderful and I don’t know if there are similar analogues).
Next to the gate is a linden tree planted by Catherine II a week before her coronation (she used to be there).
The inflated glass in the windows is made with a double purpose - they act as lenses so that in the classrooms more light, and distort the space so that students are not distracted by what is happening on the street.
The white vases depict babies, puppies and lambs. Here is a hint of what a student should be in relation to science - inquisitive, meek and devoted.
here you can see the puppies
and here are the lambs
If you stand facing the academy from the side of the garden, then on the left is a memorial to those who died during the Second World War. Of the 400 dead teachers, students and employees of the academy, only 180(?) names are known.
A touching romantic story is connected with this place. The widow of one of those killed in the first year of the war, Efrosinia Orlova, fought for a memorial to be erected. For a long time she did not succeed, in the end they allowed it. She collected money, went to the Crimea and brought back a huge White stone. She hired sculptors, and they sued her for paying them less than they should. At the trial, Orlova turned from an accused into an accuser, reproaching the sculptors for the fact that everything is done on donations. ordinary people and they still raise the price. Court won.
The memorial has a secret - as they say, other widows made a gift to Orlova. One of the soldiers kisses a woman, and the face of this soldier - the face of Orlova's deceased husband - was remembered, and it is clear who he actually kisses.
A hawthorn is planted nearby. On May 9, it blooms in a delicate color and the aroma spreads in the air, and in the fall - when Orlov died (and many) - everything is in red berries, like in drops of blood. Everything here is designed with intent.
(to be continued) 
The estate of Petrovsko-Razumovskoye is a very ancient and beautiful place.
One version of the origin of the name "Petrovskoye" is based on the fact that Naryshkin, one of the first owners of the estate, was the grandson of Tsarevich Peter Alekseevich (Peter I). In honor of him, according to the opinion of some researchers, the village received part of its name - Petrovsky.
The second version is that the name is given by the church of the apostles Peter and Paul, which was built on the territory of the village. After the completion of the construction of the church in honor of the apostles Peter and Paul, in 1692, Semchino-Petrovskoye began to rightfully be called a village.
Part of the name “Razumovskoye” was given to the estate by the name of the owner K.G. Razumovsky.
This estate stands in the Timiryazevsky park. In the 16th century, there was a wasteland and a small village of Semchino, which stood on the Zhabna River. This area belonged to the boyar Alexander Ivanovich Shuisky. Then the Petrovsky-Razumovsky estate passed to the nephew of Ivan Ivanovich Shuisky - the boyar Semyon Vasilyevich Prozorovsky. In 1676, after the death of Semyon Vasilyevich Prozorovskov, the Semchino estate was acquired by boyar Kirill Poluektovich Naryshkin, who lived from 1623 to 1691.
In 1746, the village, as a dowry of Ekaterina Ivanovna Naryshkina (1729-1771), passed into the possession of Count Kirill Grigoryevich Razumovsky (1728-1803). Kirill Grigoryevich Razumovsky, the minion of fate, a simple Cossack who became a brilliant courtier thanks to his older brother, Alexei Razumovsky, the morganatic spouse of the Russian Empress Elizabeth Petrovna. Beauty, liveliness, brilliant European education made him a count, president of the Academy of Sciences, hetman of Ukraine, the richest man in Russia.
In his estate, before entering Moscow for the coronation, Catherine II stopped in 1762.
His son Lev Kirillovich made the manor park accessible for public festivities of the “clean” public. The all-Moscow holiday was held here on Peter's Day, June 29th.
Under Kirill Razumovsky, the dispensation of the estate begins. At the same time, the second part of the name of the estate appears - Razumovsky. At the place where Timiryazevskaya street now passes, according to the project of architect A.F. Kokorinov was built the main manor house in the form of a closed square with a vast courtyard.
A dam was erected on the Zhabna River (as Zhabenka was then called), thanks to which a picturesque cascade of ponds was formed, which have survived to this day under the name Academic or Bolshoy Sadovye; the park was decorated with statues, grottoes, pavilions. A regular park was laid out in french style, created terraces that have survived to our time.
Another attraction of the park has been preserved - the grotto, which used to decorate the pavilion, from where the owner of the estate and guests admired the surroundings.
The economic complex consisted of almost 50 buildings.
During the Patriotic War of 1812, Petrovsko-Razumovskoye was occupied by the French cavalry army of Marshal Ney. Napoleon was there too. The French plundered the village, cut down the park, desecrated the temple.
Then the estate changed several owners, and in 1829 it was acquired by the pharmacist P.A. von Schulz.
November 14, 1860 was followed by the highest command to acquire the entire property of Schulz to the treasury for the "establishment of an agronomic institute, a farm and other agricultural institutions." In January 1861, the estate (723 acres of land, including 483 - master's and 40 - church) was purchased for 250 thousand rubles. The peasants were evicted in October 1861, part of them to the lands of the neighboring dacha in the village of Vladykino, where a new settlement was formed: Petrovsky settlements. More than 100 acres of land were divided into 110 leaseholds for 96 years.
The dilapidated palace of the Razumovsky estate was dismantled, and in its place, according to the project of the architect Nikolai Leontievich Benois (1813-1898), the architect PS Campioni built the main educational building in the Baroque style. It is decorated clock tower and unique convex glasses from Finland that have survived to this day. At the same time, office premises of the second half of the 18th century were rebuilt - outbuildings, a greenhouse (which housed the Agricultural Museum), an arena, a farm, etc.
On December 3, 1865, the Petrovsky Agricultural and Forestry Academy was opened - a higher agricultural institution Russian Empire. Among the first professors of the academy were chemist P.A. Ilyenkov (1821-1877), agricultural practitioner I.A. Strebut (1833-1923), naturalist K.A. 1832-1908), economist A.V. Chayanov (1888-1937), soil scientist V.R. Williams (1863-1939) and others. has not been preserved to date.
In 1917, Petrovsko-Razumovskoye became part of the city of Moscow.
Now the Russian State Museum is located on the estate. agricultural university- Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev.
The academy bears the name of K. A. Timiryazev since 1923. With the advent of scientists, the economy was brought into exemplary order, a dairy farm was organized, and the park itself became frequently visited.
Since 1954, construction has begun here. residential area, and since 1991 a metro station has been operating. Now the park has an ecotrail and ski trails.
Today, the estate of Petrovsko-Razumovskoye is protected by the state as an object cultural heritage federal significance. The area of the object is 189.9 hectares. The entire territory belongs to the Moscow Agricultural Academy. K.A. Timiryazev. Museums of various profiles operate on the territory.
