Which seas are the cleanest. What are the two most transparent seas on Earth. Why
One of the most important criteria for the purity of the sea is its transparency. To measure the latter, a special disk is used, white or black and white, up to 30 cm in diameter, which is called Secchi disk. He is released into the pond until he disappears completely. The depth at which it disappeared from sight is considered to be an indicator of transparency. For comparison, in distilled water this depth is 80 meters.
So what seas can be called the cleanest seas in the world…
Weddell Sea
Located off the coast of West Antarctica. It is rightfully considered most clear sea on the ground, because its relative transparency is 79 meters. These measurements were taken in 1986 by an expedition of German scientists on the ship " Polar Star". This sea is covered with ice and many icebergs almost all year round. IN Antarctic ice contains almost 80% of the world's fresh water resources.
This sea is also considered one of the coldest in the world. In winter, the water temperature in the south of the sea drops to -1.8°C and the water density increases. Navigation in the Weddell Sea is extremely difficult, mainly due to the compression of the ice (due to which it received the name "Ice Sack") and the unexpected appearance of icebergs, but also because of the dangerous circular current. Therefore, treacherous waters attract mainly research vessels. Thus, the Weddell Sea has all the conditions to continue to remain clean.
Sargasso Sea
The second cleanest place is the Sargasso Sea, which until recently was considered the most transparent. Located in the southwest North Atlantic, has no shores, but is “washed” by currents: in the south it is the Trade Wind, in the north it is the North Atlantic, in the west it is the Gulf Stream and the Canary in the east. Through the currents of the water Sargasso Sea do not mix with the colder waters of the Atlantic, and the area of the sea itself can vary from 4 to 8 million square kilometers.
Another feature of the sea is a huge amount of floating brown algae (sargassum, or sargassum), which account for more than 2 tons per 1 sq. km. These clusters form whole "fields, meadows, roads", and many sailors, who first saw these "islands", take them for real earth. And Christopher Columbus, who discovered the Sargasso Sea, called it "a jar of algae." Unfortunately, the sea is becoming more and more polluted with oil products, resins and other waste.
Dead Sea
Third in cleanliness. In truth, the Dead Sea is more of a lake than a sea. But of all the salt lakes on Earth, it is considered the deepest. And for its salinity, it received the right to be called the sea. Located on the border between Israel and Jordan, the waters Dead Sea located about 427 meters below sea level, and every year this figure increases (~ 1 meter per year).
Many consider the Dead Sea to be one of the the cleanest on earth, but it retains its purity due to its unsuitability for life: the percentage of salinity (33.7%) in it is too high for living beings, and for dangerous bacteria in particular. Any fish that accidentally swam out of the Jordan River would die almost instantly.
A feature of this sea is that you cannot drown in it, but you won’t be able to swim normally either. Due to the high degree of salinity, swimmers always stay on the surface, preferring to sit comfortably in the water, as if in a hammock. All these unusual properties of water, coupled with thermal springs, healing mud, sunny dry climate and developed infrastructure always attract a huge number of tourists who want to relax and relieve stress.
Red sea
We give this sea the fourth place. The Red Sea is one of the saltiest and warmest on Earth. The temperature of its water in summer rises to +30°C. It is located off the coast of the Arabian Peninsula and Africa. Hot deserts stretch for hundreds of kilometers to the west and east of the sea. Its uniqueness lies in the fact that it is the only one on Earth that does not have river freshwater tributaries, and strong evaporation contributes to an increased level of water salinity, which reaches 40-42%.
In this place, the contrast between the lifeless shores of the sea and its vibrant underwater life with such a variety of living organisms surprises and amazes. The bottom of the sea is formed by pure coral sand and the water is unusually clear.
It is believed that the Red Sea got its name from a large number reddish algae growing in the coastal strip. But there are several other alternative hypotheses about the origin of its name. Firstly, this is the biblical version: Moses, saving his Jewish people, led them along the bottom of the sea that parted before him. Many people died during the crossing because of the sharp rocks and coral reefs. Their blood colored the waters of the sea, which was the reason for the name. Secondly, the reflection of the red rocks could lead to the fact that the Red Sea became the Red Sea.
It is also possible to highlight Barencevo sea. According to scientists, this sea is quite clean. The reason for this is the proximity to the Arctic and the low level of industry (except for fishing). But in Lately the situation has changed: oil is produced in huge quantities, and what will happen in a few years is unknown.
It's no secret that we start choosing a tour in warm countries from the sea and the beach, where we will spend most of our vacation. Therefore, to begin with, it is worth deciding on which coast it will be most comfortable for you to bask. In what waters do you want to swim endlessly? From where would you like to enjoy the most beautiful sunsets?
Read the article - an overview of the beaches popular resorts. What kind of sand, is the sea clean, is it possible to relax with children?
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Larnaca is a resort with gray sand and a gentle entry into the sea (but it is close to the airport). Limassol has mainly small and large pebbles. Paphos is a rocky coast, except for the famous sandy beach of Coral Bay. Entrance to the beaches is free.
Greece is distinguished by an abundance of various islands with volcanic sand of various colors. On the island of Santorini alone, you can observe the whole gamut of shades. Even in the popular and inexpensive Crete there is a beach with pink sand- Elafonisi beach.
Beach holidays in Spain and Italy have become more and more interesting and accessible for Russians over the years. What to choose? Numerous Spanish "Costa" or island beaches, including bustling Ibiza and white sand Sicily. In any case, you can't go wrong - many beaches, even with an abundance budget hotels, marked blue flag and have clean, pleasant sand. Spain even has a black one volcanic beach- in the area of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. And in Italy, you can improve your health in the thermal springs of the island of Ischia.
The only thing that sophisticated beachgoers may not like is Rimini - budget direction, but the sea here cannot be called perfectly clean.
The bright exoticism of Morocco contrasts with comfortable beaches with a wide strip of golden sand. For those who miss Egypt - here! The Atlantic coast of Morocco is cooler, ideal for water sports.
Washed in the northeast mediterranean sea, and the beach strip stretched for almost 1.5 km. Despite belonging to Africa, coastal zone rich in greenery - olive trees, palm trees, pines and vineyards. The coast is rocky, forming coves with sandy beaches - well, very picturesque! bathing season- from April to November.
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Montenegro and Croatia stand apart - with the purest waters Adriatic Sea dark azure colors. Almost all the beaches of the Adriatic are marked with the Blue Flag - an international award that highlights environmentally clean beaches. Only in Croatia the beaches are predominantly sandy, and in Montenegro - small pebbles, with the exception of the Red Beach ( speaking name😉) and the beaches of the Ulcinj Riviera.
caribbean
The Dominican Republic is famous for its incredible “fluffy” sand, soft and white, with a characteristic creak. And also the purest water of soft blue color. The most popular resort of Punta Cana - it is located at the junction of the bay and Atlantic Ocean. Therefore, the water here is the purest - the bottom can be seen from the shore for hundreds of meters. However, there are also disadvantages - there are a lot of living creatures in local waters, which often hide in coastal algae. Be careful and nothing will threaten you.
Cuba is not far gone - pure fine sand, warm water. All beaches in Cuba are municipal. Some belong to hotels - locals are not allowed here and cleanliness is carefully monitored. Choosing a beach in the Caribbean, it is simply impossible to miscalculate! Always warm sea, amazingly beautiful nature, clean beaches… Paradise!
Black Sea
The most beloved, dear and cozy, the Black Sea does not make us very happy with the sand. Some romantics prefer wild beaches- where you can climb boulders and slide into a secluded place with clear waters. One of the most uncomfortable, albeit soulful places is Tuapse beach, surrounded by oil tanks. Sochi and Adler also do not have a comfortable and wide beach strip, but this does not stop our compatriots. In the end, people do not go to Russian resorts for comfort!
To describe all the beaches, you need a whole article. The main thing that can be found on the peninsula sandy beaches in the area of Evpatoria, Alushta, Feodosia and partly Koktebel. And the local rocks - you can't take your eyes off!
In some areas of our planet there are very beautiful places with incredibly clean water, but no one can exactly explain why the water in these reservoirs is so transparent. Most of these places are located in the tropical zone, but there are others that were formed as a result of volcanic processes. Here are 40 of the most impressive bodies of water, but there are many more such places on Earth.
In addition to Cozumel, there are several other areas in Mexico with clean and clear water. This place is very popular because cruise ships tourists are brought here to scuba dive and swim in the crystal clear water.
If someone likes to swim with sharks, then Jardines de la Reina is perfect place. Many photographers do not miss the opportunity to shoot these ocean monsters in unsafe proximity.
Thanks to the clear and transparent water of the sea in Wakatobi, Indonesia, you can enjoy the beauties underwater world, including brightly colored fish, algae, and you do not have to dive deep. Wakatobi is an island national park Indonesia.
The lake, with an average depth of more than 700 m, is already 25 million years old. When it freezes, standing on the ice, one can see far into the depths thanks to the clear water.
In the Red Sea, you can swim with dolphins in crystal clear waters. The company can also be made up of giant turtles.
The name speaks for itself. "Playa Blanca" means " White beach" in Spanish. And indeed on canary islands, on the beaches, White sand. In addition, the water near the islands is very clean and transparent.
Sipadan Island tops the list of the best places in the world with crystal clear waters for scuba diving. Off the coast of the island, tourists can enjoy swimming in clear waters and watch the hammerhead sharks and barracudas that often swim here.
Lake Mackenzie is located off the coast of Queensland, Australia. picturesque island surrounded by jungle and eucalyptus trees. Fraser is considered the largest sand island in the world, according to the Australian Department environment.
Caribbean region can boast big amount beautiful islands, among which it is worth noting Dog Island in Panama. Off the coast of the island so pure water that it seems that you can even drink it. The San Blas Islands are the most popular among tourists who visit Panama.
In the Enchanted River, the water is completely clear, and you can easily see the fish swimming in it. They say that it got its name as a result of the fact that a person who looks at the water for a long time becomes like a bewitched one. The beautiful blue color of the water was due to special minerals at the bottom of the river.
There is another beautiful island in Malaysia, Mabul Island. For several years, he topped the list of places where you can safely watch fish swimming in the water with the naked eye.
Perhaps Corfu is very popular among tourists due to the climate or the existence of the world's first philharmonic orchestra, or the school of arts, which is on the island. But we must not forget that off the coast beautiful island very clean water, which attracts here to relax and enjoy the beauties.
Tobermory is a peninsula off the coast of Ontario, Canada. At the bottom off the coast of this peninsula, you can count up to 50 sunken ships. The water is so clear that all the ships are clearly visible at the bottom. Tourists are happy to pay for the opportunity to scuba dive around them.
The town of Bonito, located in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, is known for having a very clear water. Photographer Franco Banfi was able to photograph people above the surface of the water feeding the fish from the bottom of the river.
Kanawa Island belongs to the territory national park Komodo is considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World. You can rent a bungalow there for $70 per night. Unfortunately, there are often no available rooms due to the low cost.
Not many people know about the clean and clear water of Lake Arnancy, which is located in Switzerland. In it, the boat rather does not float, but soars through the air - in any case, this is the impression that is created. Most likely, due to its low popularity, this place has retained its originality and purity.
There are many on the Internet beautiful photos that testified to the uniqueness of Cala Corsara in the Maddalena archipelago, Italy. Not surprisingly, this is where George Clooney bought a house on the shores of Lake Como, which is located 15 hours from Sardinia.
On the island of Ternate there are several active volcanoes. Most likely it is volcanic activity is the reason for all the beauty that awaits everyone who is going to visit this place.
In Bonito, among the jungle, there is the Prata River with clear and transparent water. This is an ideal place for snorkeling and watching swimming fish. real paradise for divers.
If you want to go to the most popular place among movie stars, then you need to go to Tahiti. Celebrities such as Orlando Bloom and Nicole Kidman spent their holidays in this part. Pacific Ocean on the island of Bora Bora. Many newlyweds plan their Honeymoon right here.
If it’s boring to relax, swinging on quiet waves and watching the fish passing by, then you should go to one of
Some exotic lovers, oddly enough, prefer to swim in dirty water. There are people who purposefully search the Internet for this kind of "entertainment". And in the Kuban, at the height of the velvet season, “dirty” tourism is gaining popularity. Many vacationers preferred the traditional rest on the beach and sea baths last summer extreme swimming in the lakes of mud volcanoes. By inheritance, the local Cossacks are engaged in "dirty" business.
But still, fortunately, such originals are in a clear minority. Most of our compatriots, when planning to go to the coast, are wondering which sea to go to in search of the most environmentally friendly sea bathing (meaning the popular tourist routes)? Oceanologist Nikita Kucheruk, candidate of biological sciences, compiled a "hygienic" rating of the seas, which we invite you to familiarize yourself with.
1. Seychelles and Caribbean Islands
Secluded islands far from civilization - the best place for swimming. The water is perfectly clear. Near these islands, the sea is very warm all year round, and there is very little food for marine life. So if in these heavenly blue waters and some product of human activity (household, oil pollution) gets in, marine flora and fauna take these emissions as a pleasant addition to breakfast and sweep them away in an instant. Strong ocean currents near the islands help to restore the ecological balance;
2. Portuguese coast and the Dead Sea
The Atlantic coast of Portugal is slightly inferior to the secluded islands. A low-waste industry, a deep bottom, and besides, the ocean - it is much more difficult to litter it than the sea. Along Portugal, the Gulf Stream purifies the water. But in the ocean it is not always safe to make long swims, that is, it simply depends on the terrain. coastline. If there are reefs nearby and the water depth near the coast changes dramatically, a strong undercurrent begins at high tide and the bather can be carried into the open ocean.
As for the Dead Sea, it is also very clean there, but there is no question of any marine flora and fauna: the sea is so salty that no one lives there, no flowers, no fish, no algae. Yes, and swim humanly will not succeed. True, the benefits of it, as we have already written, are immeasurable: here they treat not only the skin, but also rheumatism and depression.
3. Resorts of the Indonesian archipelago (Bali, Malaysia), Singapore, Australia
The honorable second place with the Portuguese coast in our ranking is practically shared by the beaches of Indonesia. The tropical seas are very warm, and just like in the Seychelles, there is little food for marine life - so if some industrial waste gets into the water, the living creature quickly eats everything up.
And at the same time, marine life is the only source of trouble. Communication with a jellyfish nicknamed the Sea Wasp with 5-6-meter transparent tentacles saturated with nerve poison will end at least in a burn.
Hated by snorkellers sea urchins are found in great abundance. For example, it’s better to stay away from the crazy handsome man nicknamed “diadem” - our expert oceanologist had personal contact with the “diadem” and shared his impressions: “It’s like after shelling.”
You have to be careful and coral reefs: if you touch the "fire" coral, at best there will be a burn (as after falling into a thicket of young nettles). On the beach, you can stumble upon a large cone-shaped shell of heavenly beauty, in which a mollusk lives - the owner of a deadly proboscis, with which he kills fish. The man, of course, is also not good. So everything bright and beautiful is best observed from afar.
4. Eastern Mediterranean
A great place for lovers of ecological bathing and the freshest seafood: the sea there almost did not suffer from the costs of civilization. The Cretans and Greek beaches, as well as the Mediterranean beaches of Israel and Turkey, the cleanest and "live" sea in the entire Mediterranean. There is no industry around great depths. The trouble that the sea cannot cope with even in these areas is the often found plastic bags that do not decompose at all: the water is clear and they are clearly visible.
5. Mediterranean coast of Egypt
It would not have received a pass to our top five if the Nile had not actually stopped flowing into the Mediterranean Sea. About ten years ago, the water hyacinth plant got into the river, which quickly multiplied, and the Nile blossomed. But this life-loving plant turned out to be from humid Florida, so it evaporates a lot of liquid, and in dry Egypt, water hyacinth, a bastard, evaporates all the rest river water in large volumes, and the rest of the water is used for irrigation of fields and practically does not reach the sea - which is good, because if it did, then with fertilizers. Thanks to this environmental trouble, the sea has become cleaner, and the water hyacinth is alive and well and even adapted to the herbicide attacks of the Egyptian authorities.
6. Aegean and Red Seas
The Aegean Sea is relatively prosperous - due to the fact that the ratio of the catchment area (the entire area on land from where water is collected that flows into the sea) to the sea area is very favorable - 1: 1, which means that the proportion of industrial discharges is moderately modest. Swimming off the coast of Greece does not overshadow any plankton, and freshly caught fish is very good.
Turkish coast Aegean Sea is becoming more and more problematic: sewage off the coast from Izmir to Istanbul is increasingly causing "red" tides. Layers of water rich in phosphorus and nitrogen rise from the depths of the ocean, which is why toxic (for both people and fish) microflora begins to multiply rapidly - the sea near the coast becomes brown-red. Tourists are not allowed to swim or eat seafood at this time, given the experience of local fishermen and bathers: due to swimming in the sea during red tides, they lose a total of 10,000 working days a year, according to Greenpeace.
Despite the proximity of the Suez Canal, through which oil tankers travel, the Red Sea quickly "digests" pollution, like any tropical sea, where there are many "hungry" algae, fish and other inhabitants and little food. Oddly enough, an oil slick for the ecosystem of the tropical sea is also revered as a good snack. For example, after an oil spill during the US military Operation Desert Storm, the sea recovered in a matter of months (for comparison: northern seas recover after such a shock for five to seven years). And the caution about brightly colored fish and jellyfish still stands: don't grab them by the fins and tentacles. Moray eels (a type of eel) that hide in rocks bite like young bulldogs.
7. Mediterranean beaches of France, Spain and Italy
The Mediterranean Sea, of course, can digest everything. Although France, Italy and Spain are the source of three-quarters of the industrial and agricultural pollution that enters the Mediterranean. But soon the forces of self-regulation by the sea will be exhausted: Greenpeace is already sounding the alarm - each of the ten beaches in the section from Cannes to Capri does not comply with European Union standards. Not to mention the sad facts: last year, dolphins were thrown onto this part of the coast, and because of the ubiquitous tourists, the populations of animals living on the beaches, the Mediterranean tortoise and the seal, decreased by two or three times.
And by the way, lately local living creatures have been coping with alien sea plants getting worse. For example, off the coast of the French Riviera and Italy (from Toulon to the Italian town of Imperia), the marine weed Caulerpa taxifolia (a native of the tropics) began to multiply at a gigantic rate due to sea pollution with sewage. This weed releases a toxin that kills deep sea algae. In general, you will not be poisoned by seafood in these areas, but still do not eat a lot of them: they contain somewhat exceeded standards for mercury and heavy metals.
8. Adriatic Sea, coast of Tunisia and California
In the waters of the northern Adriatic and near the beaches of Tunisia, chlorophyll is more than normal - when the water temperature rises above 25-26 degrees, the sea may bloom. Along the coastline in these areas, water exchange is not intensive, industrial emissions linger longer. This is precisely the effect of the “annular current” that exists in any enclosed sea: the current along the shelf (sloping coastal part, just where the beaches are) drags with it all possible pollution and does not allow them to mix with the deep layers of the sea.
The Adriatic Sea is in a difficult position - along with the waters of the Po River, waste from the turbulent Italian industry enters it: in the late 90s, the volume of discharges became ten times more than half a century ago. So do not choose the closed bays and lagoons of Trieste and Venice for swimming (you will probably be impressed by the fact that tons of algae are caught annually from the Venetian lagoon so that they do not exude unpleasant odors).
In California, the transparency and smell of water is much better. Why then famous Sunset Beach not in the leaders of our rating? Due to the increasing "red" tides, during which the famous California oyster farms have to be closed.
9. Baltic Sea
Unfortunately, swimming there is not very pleasant - dirty. Baltic fish is also not best quality. And it's not even about the Russian attitude to the environment. Our legislation is quite strict (treatment facilities in big cities stand comparison with Europe, and often not in favor of the latter). Guilty geographical position Baltic Sea: it is surrounded by industrial developed countries(Norway, Sweden, the Baltic countries), oil tankers go along it. In addition, due to the low temperature of the water, it slowly recuperates after pollution.
10. Black Sea
Despite its inherent romantic halo of "the bluest in the world", it trails behind in our ranking. And it seems that it is hopeless: it is physically impossible to restore it. The ratio of the catchment area to the area of the sea itself is the most unfavorable - 6: 1, the water exchange is very slow, and on top of everything else, the waters of the Danube flow here after traveling through three dozen European countries. In the Bulgarian resorts - Sunny Beach and Golden Sands - the sea is already completely brownish in color, last year the visibility was only 20 centimeters.
If you already swim in the Black Sea, then it is better in the cold (up to 20-21 degrees): as soon as the water becomes warmer, the microflora (a possible carrier of infections) multiplies with tripled enthusiasm.
Swimming in a dirty sea can cause not only skin irritation, but also infectious diseases ear cavity and nasopharynx, in rare cases - dysentery and even cholera. But most experts agree that European Union and Greenpeace set fantastically high environmental standards for the purity of seawater. In theory, this severity is justified, but we have never heard of a person swimming in the sea and immediately turning red spots or getting cholera. So if you find out that the sea off the coast on which you are going to relax is not quite clean, you simply should not sit in the water for 10 hours a day. But with fresh fish, really be careful. All marine life accumulates toxic substances in higher concentrations than water.
Of course, in order to disrupt the ecological balance of the oceans and all its seas, one must try hard, but humanity seems to be trying hard: now the pleasure of swimming in clean and clear sea water and eating clean seafood is a rare luxury. But as long as it's allowed.
Where is the nicest and cleanest sea in the south of Russia? Many of those who travel south to have a good rest, enjoy the sun and swim in plenty, are interested - where is the best and cleanest sea in southern Russia? Let's try to search and find out if there are such places that are not very touched by civilization at all? We hasten to please you, there are still picturesque beaches with clear sea on the Black Sea coast! We offer to sweep away large resorts such as Sochi, Gelendzhik, Anapa, and others. But still, we are interested in places not just with a clear sea and a beach, but those where it happens fewer people and which are away from major cities. Also, when traveling, you should choose the time not at the peak of the season, but in April-May, although the sea, of course, will still be cold, but the beaches will be deserted; either in the Velvet season- in September or early October, when the sea is still warm and there are already very few vacationers. There are many such places, which you should choose and check for yourself.
Dzhankhot, a small village 20 km beyond Gelendzhik
Khutor Dzhankhot (in Adyghe means Khutor Dzhanhot (in Adyghe it means Khutor Dzhanhot (in Adyghe it means "happy person") is considered one of the most scenic spots on everything Black Sea coast. Dzhankhot is located 5 kilometers from the village of Divnomorskoye, and 20 kilometers from the resort of Gelendzhik, on the shores of a beautiful bay. In addition to her, Dzhanhot is famous pine forest, which adjoins the Black Sea and stretches from the village. Divnomorskoe. You can also look at the beaches of the villages of Krinitsa and Betta.
Praskoveevka, where the Sail rock is a few kilometers away. from Divnomorsky
Distance from Praskoveevka major resorts allows the village to keep the sea and beaches clean. Praskoveevka - small resort village and one of the most beautiful corners North Caucasus. At the same time, civilization to some extent affected this place, as the resort has today developed infrastructure entertainment and recreation. Nevertheless, Praskoveevka is still a clear sea, air with the unique aroma of Pitsunda pine and houses immersed in southern greenery!
Beaches near the village of Volna on the Taman Peninsula
The picturesque Cape Iron Horn, as well as the beach near the village. Wave. The village of Volna is located on the Black Sea coast, where the shores are steep and the beaches are sandy. And you can find beaches both wild and well-maintained.
The coast near the village of Durso, which is not far from Novorossiysk
Abrau-Dyurso is a protected area in the North Caucasus, located near Novorossiysk. The village of Abrau is located near a lake in the mountains, and we are interested in the after settlement of Durso, which is located right on the Black Sea coast. Since the village is located in the reserve, the air here is the cleanest, and the nature is magnificent.
Kiseleva Rock
The famous Kiseleva rock and the beach, which is loved by vacationers. Not far from Tuapse is the Kiseleva rock, and at its foot there is a small beach, also very beloved by vacationers. Place known for that the fishing scene from the comedy film The Diamond Arm was filmed there.
Agoy is a resort in a mountain valley 10 km. from Tuapse
The blue clear sea is the village of Agoy V mountain valley at the very foot of the Agoy pass at the mouth of the river. Agoy, which means "middle river", is a village with the same name. From Agoy to famous resort Tuapse is only 10 km. The beach in the village of Agoy is pebbly and wide enough - about 20-30 meters. Don't forget to visit the Limanchik beach, all this is located near the village of Agoy. Limanchik Beach, they say nudists adore it. If you want, check :)
On the Black Sea coast there are dozens beautiful places with a clear sea and a picturesque coast, you just need to look .. and get there :). Most of these places, of course, are not located directly in the villages, so those who travel by car have the advantage of visiting many beautiful beaches and just amazing places. Good luck on your journey :)
