The history of g is deep. Glubokoe is a city in the Vitebsk region of Belarus. Church, Church. Attractions, Travel and tourism, Historical and architectural monuments
Lovely low houses, lots of greenery… Photo by Anya Shcherbitskaya
Many will not agree that traveling around is no less exciting than traveling abroad. We will try to prove to you that this is not so. First (and this is one of the most relevant reasons now), it is economical. Secondly, our country has a lot of places worth visiting. Today we draw your attention to the city of Glubokoe. 183 km from - and this is from 4 to 6 hours by car, 3.5 hours by car or 2.5 hours by car - and you are in the cherry capital. Do you think why go there? There are a lot of reasons, and we present some of them to your attention.
1.Architecture
The Orthodox church in Glubokoye was built in 1640 and was originally a church. According to legend, underground passages from it could get to the neighboring one, which was three kilometers away. The monastery near the then church is famous for the fact that Napoleon once spent the night in it and, admiring the beauty of the house, said that he would like to move it to Paris and put it next to Notre Dame.
Church that merges with the sky. Photo Anya Shcherbitskaya
Under the temple there is a dungeon, which can be led by guides. locals who worked at the plant (and in Soviet times there were cannery premises here) tell legends about ghosts. However, the guides say that they have not noticed anything unusual in the dungeon lately.
Opposite the church is the church of St. Trinity, which was built in Glubokoe in 1764-1782. and rebuilt at the beginning of the 20th century.
Splendor inside the church. Photo Anya Shcherbitskaya
In 1643 thanks to Joseph Korsak Basilian monastery was built in the city suburb of Berezveche. It was a Uniate temple. From 1939 to 1941, Stalin's torture chambers were located here: the NKVDists kept about 2,000 political prisoners in the monastery. During the Great Patriotic War, in September 1941, the Nazis set up a death camp within these walls. In 1970 the temple was blown up. Today, within the walls of the monastery there is a correctional colony of a special regime.
2. Lakes
Only within the city there are 5 lakes and 1 river. And in the Glubokoe region, there are no less than 106 lakes, among which the most deep lake Belarus - Long (53.6 m).
Silk water in the lake in the vicinity of Glubokoye. Photo Anya Shcherbitskaya
Here's what's in the city centre. Photo Anya Shcherbitskaya
It is especially interesting that on the shore of Lake Ginkovo (43.3 m - the third deepest in Belarus) there is a real natural cave- the only one in Belarus, which even several people can climb into.
3. Alley of famous countrymen
9 busts of people significant for Belarus can be found in the center of Glubokoye. The alley was opened as part of the writing day in 2012 on the site where it used to stand. The opening of the alley was attended by the then chairman of the Vitebsk Regional Executive Committee .
Busts of Ignat Buinitsky, Eliezer Ben-Yehuda, Yazep Drozdovich, Pavel Sukhoi, Vaclav Lastovsky, Jozef Korsak, Ales Dubrovich, Petr Kozlov and Yuri Sobolevsky are placed in the alley.
The bust of Vaclav Lastovsky looks great on the alley. Photo Anya Shcherbitskaya
4. Newlyweds Square
The place where all (or at least 99.9 percent) newlyweds of Glubokoe spend wedding photo shoots. Interestingly, the idea of its creation belongs to an employee Tatyana Kolyago. The designers and craftsmen of the artistic forging enterprise helped to bring the idea to life.
A bench that creates an atmosphere. Photo Anya Shcherbitskaya
Everything for a photo shoot! Photo Anya Shcherbitskaya
The result of the joint work of many specialists is the alley of the newlyweds, which has everything you need for a wonderful photo shoot. Now in all wedding albums of newlyweds from Glubokoye.
5. Cherry Festival
So far, not as famous as “, however, the event is rapidly gaining popularity. It is generally accepted that the first cherry varietal orchards in the Glubokoe region appeared in the 1930s, and they were created by a poviat agronomist Boleslav Lapyr.
Glubokoe is the cherry capital, and besides the fact that 1414 cherry trees (the year of the first mention of Glubokoe in the chronicle) were planted at the entrance to the city from Polotsk, “cherry drawings” can be found both in flowerbeds and at bus stops. The continuation of the cherry theme was the festival, which has been held in July for 4 years in a row. The holiday gathers guests both from all over Belarus and from abroad.
The program includes performances by creative teams, tasting of cherry products, concerts, photo exhibitions, sports events, auto shows, conferences, and various competitions.
6. Numerous monuments
In the city you can see a large number of. Each of them has its own unique story. You can talk about this endlessly - this is a topic for separate study. Among interesting sculptures- monuments to the family, cherry, book, grandfather-deep local, Jesus and the Samaritan woman, etc.
The deep-deep grandfather thinks about life. Photo Anya Shcherbitskaya
7. Dendrological garden
It was founded in the 1950s on the territory of the Glubokoe forestry enterprise. Its creator is considered to be a forestry engineer Victor Lomako, who selected exotic plants and watched how they take root in the north of Belarus. The collection of the Glubokoe Dendrological Garden includes more than 500 species of different trees and shrubs.
In terms of importance, it is second only to the Minsk Botanical Garden. Artificial reservoirs were created on the territory, and as a result, the place turned into beautiful garden where you can get acquainted with a wide variety of flora and fauna and simply admire the magnificent nature.
8. Dairy plant
Mecca for lovers - yes, it is produced here. The Milk Cannery, or, as they say here, the IWC, is not only the place where they produce the best condensed milk in Belarus (at this place, fans of Rogachev condensed milk should stop reading and write a poisonous comment), but also sell it at producer prices. Of course, it’s not very profitable to go to Glubokoe (60 thousand by train) to buy a can of condensed milk for 5 thousand cheaper than in other cities, but if you are here anyway, then why not visit the branded “condensed milk " shop?
For those on a diet. Photo Anya Shcherbitskaya
By the way, here you can buy flavored condensed milk, for example, cherries, which you will not find in Vitebsk during the day with fire. Gift sets of condensed milk in beautiful packages or, on the contrary, condensed milk in crumpled cans, which are worth a penny due to this - all this can be found in the MKK store.
9. The highest flower garden in Belarus
Became a gift to the city on Independence Day from the private enterprise "V Azhur" under the leadership of Yuri Tatarinovich and employees of housing and communal services. The flower house resembles a Ferris wheel and is located next to the embankment of Lake Kagalnoe. The ten-meter structure weighs almost a ton and cost more than 40 million rubles.
Almost like the sun. Photo Anya Shcherbitskaya
10. Tractor Museum under open sky
The most unexpected attraction is the open-air tractor museum. Tractor different models stand in a row near the lake, which is located in the city center. You can’t ride them, but taking pictures is in any quantity.
And here is another place for a photo shoot. Photo Anya Shcherbitskaya
Still thinking? And we are already on our way!
Deep - administrative center Glubokoe district Vitebsk region. The city is located 162 km from Minsk, 187 km from Vitebsk. The distance to the border with Latvia is 92 km, to the border with Lithuania - 118 km. Pass through Glubokoye car roads republican significance: P3 (Logoisk-Glubokoe-Braslav), P45 (Polotsk-Lithuanian border), P110 (Deep-Postavy-Lyntupy).
open all textHistory of development - Glubokoe
Glubokoe was first mentioned in written sources in 1414 as the property of a certain Zenovius Bratoshich, who received the right to own the city from the Grand Duke of Lithuania Vitovt. It is known that already in those days the city was an important shopping mall located at the intersection of Western and of Eastern Europe. Established trade relations existed with the cities of Riga, Königsberg, Vilnia and Warsaw. Along the river Berezovka, which divided the city into two parts, the border of the Polotsk and Vilna voivodeships passed. The south-western part of the city belonged to the Zenovich family and belonged to the Oshmyany county of the Vilna province, and the north-eastern part belonged to Jozef Korsak and, accordingly, belonged to the Polotsk province.
During the Livonian War of 1558-1583. Russian troops caused significant damage to the city. At the end of the XVI century. a Calvinist cathedral, a school and a library were founded in Glubokoye. During the war with the Moscow kingdom 1654-1667. Deep was again occupied by Russian troops and even a wooden fortress was built in the city, which housed the garrison. In November 1661, a battle between the army of the Commonwealth and the Russian troops took place near Glubokoye. As a result, the Polish-Lithuanian forces won a victory over an enemy army of many thousands.
In 1668 southwestern part the city passed into the possession of the Radziwills, who erected a manor complex in Glubokoye, consisting of a one-story wooden building, outbuildings, bakeries, warehouses, stables and other outbuildings. The estate consisted of about two and a half hundred yards.
After the second partition of the Commonwealth in 1793, Glubokoe became part of Russian Empire. During the war of 1812, from July to December, the city was occupied by French troops. Napoleon was in Glubokoe for six days in July. Despite the fact that Glubokoe was part of Russia, its second, southwestern part continued to be privately owned. By the end of the XIX century. the city operated a brewery, distillery and brick factories. The population according to the 1897 census was 5500 people. During the First World War, a railway was laid to Glubokoe.
Soviet power in Glubokoe after the October Revolution was established in November 1917. However, already in February - December 1918, the city was occupied by German troops, and in August 1919 - July 1920 and October 1920, Glubokoe was occupied by the Poles. According to the results of the Riga Peace Treaty of 1921, Glubokoe, as part of Western Belarus, became part of Poland, where it was located until September 1939. After the outbreak of World War II, Soviet troops, by agreement between the governments of the USSR and Nazi Germany, entered Western Belarus and annexed these territories to the BSSR. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, Glubokoye was occupied by German troops as early as July 2, 1941. The district council, military garrison, army depots, as well as the Jewish ghetto were created in the city, which was destroyed in 1943. The city was liberated from Nazi invaders 3 July 1944
In the post-war period, the city was actively restored. Today, there are several large industrial enterprises in Glubokoe, for example, a dairy plant that produces one of the most favorite delicacies of many sweet teeth - the famous deep condensed milk. In addition, several cultural and educational institutions operate in the city.
open all textTourism potential - Glubokoe
Glubokoye has rich tourism potential. The city has preserved many monuments of history and culture. calling card Glubokoe is an architectural monument of the late Baroque era - built in 1764-1782. on the site of a wooden temple, founded in 1628 by Joseph Korsak. The wooden church burned down during the Thirteen Years' War (1654-1667), when Glubokoe was attacked by Russian troops.
The second no less famous attraction of Glubokoe is, which is part of the former Carmelite monastic complex founded in 1639 - 1654. and rebuilt in 1735 in the "Vilna" Baroque style. According to legend, the vast dungeons of the monastery stretched up to the Trinity Church and even to Berezvechie, where it was located, which has survived to this day. Berezveche, which was once a suburb of Glubokoe, was included in the city limits in the 20th century. The monastery was founded by Joseph Korsak on his own estate and donated to the Uniates. In 1643, after the death of Korsak, the monastery basilian. Over time, the monastery fell into decay and at the beginning of the 20th century. the complex was transferred to the women's Orthodox monastery. In the 1970s the monastery was destroyed. Only in 2004, a group of nuns from the Polotsk Spaso-Efrosinevsky Monastery began to revive the former monastery anew.
: 55°08′00″ s. sh. 27°41′00″ in. d. / 55.13333° N sh. 27.68333° E d. / 55.13333; 27.68333(G) (I)
temperate continental
deep, deep, deep
211791, 211792, 211800
(Russian) (English)
Geography
The geographical position of the city - on the Old Smolensk road, between Vilnius and Polotsk, made it possible to be a "bridge" for Western and Eastern Europe. The administrative border of the Polotsk and Vilna voivodships passed through the Glubokoye along the Berezovka River.
The northeastern part was owned by Józef Korsak. His possessions were part of the Polotsk Voivodeship. In 1639, according to Korsak's will, they passed into the possession of the monastic order of Discalced Carmelites. The other part, which was part of the Vilna Voivodeship, was held by Zenovichi.
The main occupation of the inhabitants is trade. There were well-established trade relations with Riga, Königsberg, Vilnius and Warsaw.
The architectural dominant of the square is the 7-storey building of the House of Soviets with battlements resembling old castle. The original castle of the Zenovichi-Radzivils of the 16th-18th centuries was destroyed during the Great Northern War.
On January 15, 1940, Glubokoe acquired the status of a city and became the administrative center of the Glubokoe District.
Official symbols of Glubokoye
Coat of arms of Glubokoye - an image in a silver field of a Spanish shield of a blue wall with three teeth, on which there are two crossed silver sabers with gold handles and three gold coins. Approved by Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus No. 36 of January 20, 2006.
Nature and ecology
The Dendrogarden of the Glubokoe Experimental Forestry is located 1.5 km from the city. Founded in 1967 by forest engineer V. Lomako. About 500 species of plants from all continents have been collected, and now in Belarus it is second only to the Minsk Botanical Garden. Nearby is a paddock for Far Eastern sika deer, where they can be observed in natural conditions.
Economy
Transport
Glubokoye has good transport links with other cities of Belarus. Roads pass through the city P3 (Logoisk - Glubokoe - Braslav), R45 (Polotsk - the border of Lithuania), P110 (Deep - Postavy - Lyntupy). Regular bus service with Miory, Braslav, Sharkovshchina, Postavy, Polotsk, Vitebsk, Minsk and Riga. ply passenger trains to Minsk, Vitebsk and Postavy, suburban communication with Krulevshchizna, Postavy, Lyntupy.
culture
- Museums
- Museum of the aircraft designer P. O. Sukhoi in the city secondary school No. 1
- Glubokoe Historical and Ethnographic Museum (Engels St. 24)
- House of Crafts (Gagarin St., 4)
Education
- Glubokoe State Children's Art School. Designed for 100 people.
- School No. 1 im. P. O. Sukhoi
- Secondary School No. 2
- Secondary School No. 3
- District gymnasium
- Prof. lyceum
- District School of the Arts
mass media
Notable residents and natives
- Buynitsky, Ignat Terentyevich (1861-1917) - Belarusian actor, theater figure.
- Dolenga-Mostovich, Tadeusz - Polish writer, author of the novel "The Witch Doctor", based on which the film of the same name was shot.
- Duzh-Dushevsky, Klavdy Stepanovich (1891-1959) - Belarusian socio-political and cultural figure.
- Minsky, Nikolai Maksimovich (1855-1937) - Russian poet and mystic writer.
- Rakovsky, Leonty Iosifovich (1896-1979) - Soviet writer, author of historical novels and short stories.
- Sukhoi, Pavel Osipovich (1895-1975) - Soviet aircraft designer, Doctor of Technical Sciences, twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1957, 1965).
- Yazep Drozdovich (1888-1954) - Belarusian painter, graphic artist, sculptor, writer, folklorist, ethnographer and archaeologist.
- Shkermankova Marina Ivanovna - weightlifter, bronze medalist Olympic Games 2012.
Attractions
- Cathedral in honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (1639-1654). The main shrine of the cathedral is the icon of the Virgin Worthy to eat(a gift from Athos monks).
- Monastery of the Carmelites (XVII-XIX centuries)
- The Wittgenstein Manor (late 19th - early 20th centuries, stables, outbuildings have been preserved - converted into a school)
- Roman Catholic chapel of St. Elijah (late 18th century) - located at the Koptevka cemetery.
- Mill (1911)
- Cemetery of Polish soldiers (1920s)
- The grave of F. Munchausen (1878) is located at the Koptevka cemetery.
- Memorial column in honor of the Constitution of the Commonwealth on May 3, 1791 (end of the 18th century) - located at the Koptevka cemetery.
- 8 monuments in the city and its environs: dedicated to the Great Patriotic War. The largest (memorial complex Borok) - dedicated to the memory of 27 thousand Soviet and Italian prisoners of war - victims of the Nazi concentration camp in Berezveche.
Historic centers
They are interconnected by Lenin Street, the former Zamkova Street.
- September 17 Square - former Cathedral Square, former possessions of the Polotsk boyars Korsakov
- On the territory in the XX century. there was an Orthodox church, a Catholic church, a Jewish synagogue and a Baptist prayer house, as well as a Tatar mosque.
- The Polish writer Tadeusz Dolenga-Mostowicz lived and worked near the church (the author of the novel The Witch Doctor, based on which the film of the same name was made).
- Here Ya. Drozdovich painted his paintings, staged performances by the founder of the Belarusian theater I. Buinitsky.
- In 1895, aircraft designer Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi was born in a teacher's house at a church school.
- central square(Bazarnaya) - the possessions of the Zenovichs, later the Radzivils
- The modern administrative and economic center of the city. Before it was the Market Square, which was formed in the 15th century at the court of the Zenovich magnates. She kept in in general terms layout of the XV-XVI centuries.
twin cities
see also
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Notes
Links
- on TUT.BY
- V. Skrabatun.(Belarusian)
- // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.
- V. N. Edidovich, G. Goldman.
An excerpt characterizing Glubokoe (city)
Mikhail Ivanovich, who resolutely did not know when we had said such words about Bonaparte, but who understood that he was needed to enter into a favorite conversation, looked at the young prince in surprise, not knowing himself what would come of it.He is a great tactician! - said the prince to his son, pointing to the architect.
And the conversation turned again to the war, about Bonaparte and the current generals and government people. The old prince, it seemed, was convinced not only that all the current leaders were boys who did not understand the ABCs of military and state affairs, and that Bonaparte was an insignificant Frenchman who had success only because there were no Potemkins and Suvorovs to oppose him; but he was even convinced that there were no political difficulties in Europe, there was no war either, but there was some kind of puppet comedy played by today's people, pretending to do business. Prince Andrei cheerfully endured his father's mockery of new people and with apparent joy called his father to a conversation and listened to him.
“Everything seems good as it was before,” he said, “but didn’t the same Suvorov fall into the trap that Moreau set for him, and didn’t know how to get out of it?
- Who told you? Who said? shouted the prince. - Suvorov! - And he threw away the plate, which Tikhon quickly picked up. - Suvorov! ... Having thought, Prince Andrei. Two: Friedrich and Suvorov ... Moreau! Moreau would have been a prisoner if Suvorov's hands were free; and in his arms sat hofs kriegs wurst schnapps rat. The devil is not happy with him. Here you go, you will recognize these Hofs Kriegs Wurst Raths! Suvorov did not cope with them, so where is Mikhail Kutuzov to deal with? No, my friend,” he continued, “you and your generals cannot manage against Bonaparte; you need to take the French so that you don’t know your own and beat your own. The German Palen was sent to New York, to America, for the Frenchman Moreau,” he said, alluding to the invitation that Moreau had made this year to enter the Russian service. - Miracles! ... Were the Potemkins, Suvorovs, Orlovs Germans? No, brother, either you all went crazy there, or I survived out of my mind. God bless you and we'll see. Bonaparte they have become a great commander! Hm!…
“I’m not saying anything so that all orders are good,” said Prince Andrei, “only I can’t understand how you can judge Bonaparte like that. Laugh as you like, but Bonaparte is still a great commander!
- Mikhail Ivanovich! - the old prince shouted to the architect, who, having taken up the roast, hoped that they had forgotten about him. “Did I tell you that Bonaparte is a great tactician?” Vaughn and he says.
“Yes, Your Excellency,” answered the architect.
The prince laughed his cold laugh again.
- Bonaparte was born in a shirt. His soldiers are excellent. Yes, and the first he attacked the Germans. And only the lazy did not beat the Germans. Since peace has been standing, the Germans have been beaten all the time. And they are nobody. Only each other. He made his glory on them.
And the prince began to analyze all the mistakes that, according to his concepts, Bonaparte made in all his wars and even in public affairs. The son did not object, but it was clear that no matter what arguments were presented to him, he was just as little able to change his mind as the old prince. Prince Andrei listened, refraining from objections and involuntarily wondering how this old man, sitting alone for so many years without a break in the country, could know and discuss all the military and political circumstances of Europe in recent years in such detail and with such subtlety.
“Do you think I, old man, don’t understand the real state of affairs?” he concluded. “And that’s where it is for me!” I don't sleep at night. Well, where is this great commander of yours, where did he show himself?
“That would be long,” answered the son.
- Go to your Buonaparte. M lle Bourienne, voila encore un admirateur de votre goujat d "empereur! [here is another admirer of your servile emperor ...] - he shouted in excellent French.
- Vous savez, que je ne suis pas bonapartiste, mon prince. [You know, Prince, that I am not a Bonapartist.]
- “Dieu sait quand revendra” ... [God knows when he will return!] - the prince sang out of tune, laughed even more out of tune and left the table.
The little princess was silent during the whole argument and the rest of the dinner and looked in fright now at Princess Marya, then at her father-in-law. When they left the table, she took her sister-in-law by the hand and called her to another room.
- Comme c "est un homme d" esprit votre pere, she said, - c "est a cause de cela peut etre qu" il me fait peur. [What a smart person your father is. Maybe that's why I'm afraid of him.]
- Oh, he's so kind! - said the princess.
Prince Andrei left the next day in the evening. The old prince, without deviating from his order, went to his room after dinner. The little princess was with her sister-in-law. Prince Andrei, dressed in a traveling frock coat without an epaulet, was packing with his valet in the chambers allotted to him. Having inspected the carriage and the packing of the suitcases himself, he ordered to lay it down. Only those things remained in the room that Prince Andrei always took with him: a casket, a large silver cellar, two Turkish pistols and a saber, a gift from his father, brought from near Ochakov. All these travel accessories were in great order with Prince Andrei: everything was new, clean, in cloth cases, carefully tied with ribbons.
In moments of departure and a change in life, people who are able to think about their actions usually find a serious mood of thoughts. In these moments, the past is usually verified and plans for the future are made. The face of Prince Andrei was very thoughtful and tender. With his hands folded back, he paced the room quickly from corner to corner, looking ahead of him, and shaking his head thoughtfully. Was he afraid to go to war, was he sad to leave his wife—perhaps both, but apparently not wanting to be seen in such a position, when he heard footsteps in the passage, he hurriedly freed his hands, stopped at the table, as if he was tying the cover of the box, and assumed his usual, calm and impenetrable expression. These were the heavy steps of Princess Marya.
“They told me that you ordered the mortgage,” she said, out of breath (she must have been running), “but I so wanted to talk to you alone again. God knows how long we'll be apart again. Are you angry that I came? You have changed a lot, Andryusha, - she added, as if in explanation of such a question.
She smiled, pronouncing the word "Andryusha". Apparently, it was strange for her to think that this strict, handsome man was the same Andryusha, a thin, playful boy, a childhood friend.
- Where is Lise? he asked, only answering her question with a smile.
She was so tired that she fell asleep on the couch in my room. Ah, Andre! Que! tresor de femme vous avez,” she said, sitting down on the sofa opposite her brother. She is a perfect child, such a sweet, cheerful child. I loved her so much.
Prince Andrei was silent, but the princess noticed an ironic and contemptuous expression that appeared on his face.
– But one must be indulgent to small weaknesses; who does not have them, Andre! Don't forget that she was brought up and raised in the world. And then her situation is no longer rosy. It is necessary to enter into the position of everyone. Tout comprendre, c "est tout pardonner. [Whoever understands everything will forgive everything.] You think about it, poor thing, after the life to which she is accustomed, to part with her husband and remain alone in the village and in her position? This very hard.
Prince Andrei smiled, looking at his sister, as we smile, listening to people whom we think we can see through.
“You live in the countryside and don't find this life terrible,” he said.
- I'm different. What to say about me! I don't want another life, and I can't, because I don't know any other life. And you think, Andre, for a young and secular woman to be buried in best years life in the village, alone, because papa is always busy, and I ... you know me ... how poor I am in ressources, [interests.] for a woman accustomed to better society. M lle Bourienne is one…
“I don’t like her very much, your Bourienne,” said Prince Andrei.
- Oh no! She is very sweet and kind, and most importantly, a pathetic girl. She has no one, no one. To tell the truth, I not only do not need it, but it is shy. I, you know, and There has always been a savage, and now even more so. I love being alone… Mon pere [Father] loves her very much. She and Mikhail Ivanovich are two persons to whom he is always affectionate and kind, because they are both favored by him; as Stern says, "We love people not so much for the good they have done us as for the good we have done them." Mon pere took her as an orphan sur le pave, [on the pavement,] and she is very kind. And mon pere loves her manner of reading. She reads aloud to him in the evenings. She reads great.
“Well, to be honest, Marie, I think it’s hard for you sometimes because of your father’s character?” Prince Andrew suddenly asked.
Princess Marya was at first surprised, then frightened by this question.
- ME?... Me?!... Is it hard for me?! - she said.
- He was always cool; but now it’s getting hard, I think, ”said Prince Andrei, apparently on purpose, in order to puzzle or test his sister, speaking so lightly about his father.
“You are good to everyone, Andre, but you have some kind of pride in thought,” said the princess, following her train of thought more than the course of conversation, “and this is a great sin. Is it possible to judge the father? Yes, if it were possible, what other feeling than veneration, [deep respect,] can arouse such a person as mon pere? And I'm so satisfied and happy with it. I only wish you all were as happy as I am.
The brother shook his head in disbelief.
- One thing that is hard for me - I'll tell you the truth, Andre - is my father's way of thinking in religious terms. I do not understand how a person with such a huge mind cannot see what is clear as day, and can be so deluded? This is one of my misfortunes. But even here, lately, I see a shadow of improvement. Lately his taunts are not so caustic, and there is one monk whom he received and spoke to him for a long time.
“Well, my friend, I’m afraid that you and the monk are wasting your gunpowder,” Prince Andrei said mockingly, but affectionately.
- Ah! mon ami. [A! My friend.] I just pray to God and hope that He hears me. Andre,” she said timidly after a moment of silence, “I have a big request for you.
- What, my friend?
No, promise me you won't refuse. It will not cost you any work, and there will be nothing unworthy of you in it. Only you can comfort me. Promise, Andryusha, - she said, putting her hand into the purse and holding something in it, but not yet showing, as if what she was holding was the subject of the request and as if before receiving the promise in fulfillment of the request she could not remove it from the purse It is something.
She looked timidly, imploringly at her brother.
“If it would cost me a lot of work ...” Prince Andrei answered, as if guessing what was the matter.
- Whatever you want, think! I know you are the same as mon pere. Think whatever you want, but do it for me. Do it please! My father's father, our grandfather, wore it in all wars ... - She still did not get what she was holding from her purse. "So you promise me?"
(Russian) (English)
The geographical position of the city - on the Old Smolensk road, between Vilnius and Polotsk, made it possible to be a "bridge" for Western and Eastern Europe. The administrative border of the Polotsk and Vilna voivodeships passed through the Glubokoe along the Berezovka River.
The northeastern part was owned by Józef Korsak. In 1639, according to Korsak's will, she passed into the possession of the monastic order of Discalced Carmelites. The other part is Zenovichi.
The main occupation of the inhabitants is trade. There were well-established trade relations with Riga, Königsberg, Vilnius and Warsaw.
The architectural dominant of the square is the 7-storey building of the House of Soviets with battlements resembling an old castle. The original castle of the Zenovichi-Radzivils of the 16th-18th centuries was destroyed during the Great Northern War.
On January 15, 1940, Glubokoe acquired the status of a city and became the administrative center of the Glubokoe District.
Official symbols of Glubokoye
Coat of arms of Glubokoye - an image in a silver field of a Spanish shield of a blue wall with three teeth, on which there are two crossed silver sabers with gold handles and three gold coins. Approved by Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus No. 36 of January 20, 2006.
Nature and ecology
The Dendrogarden of the Glubokoe Experimental Forestry is located 1.5 km from the city. Founded in 1967 by forest engineer V. Lomako. About 500 species of plants from all continents have been collected, and now in Belarus it is second only to the Minsk Botanical Garden. Nearby is a paddock for Far Eastern sika deer, where they can be observed in natural conditions.
Economy
Transport
Glubokoye has good transport links with other cities of Belarus. Roads pass through the city Logoisk - Glubokoe - Braslav), Polotsk - the border of Lithuania), Postavy - Lyntupy). There is regular bus service to Miory, Braslav, Sharkovshchina, Postavy, Polotsk, Vitebsk, Minsk and Riga. Passenger trains run to Minsk, Vitebsk and Postavy, suburban communication with Krulevshchizna, Postavy, Lyntupy.
culture
- Museums
- Museum of the aircraft designer P. O. Sukhoi in the city secondary school No. 1
- Glubokoe Historical and Ethnographic Museum (Engels St. 24)
- House of Crafts (Gagarin St., 4)
Education
- Glubokoe State Children's Art School. Designed for 100 people.
- Secondary School No. 1
- Secondary School No. 2
- Secondary School No. 3
- District gymnasium
- Prof. lyceum
- District School of the Arts
mass media
Notable residents and natives
- Sukhoi, Pavel Osipovich (Belarusian Pavel Vosipavich Sukhі, July 10 (July 22), 1895 - September 15, 1975) - Soviet aircraft designer, Doctor of Technical Sciences, twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1957, 1965), laureate of the Lenin, Stalin and State Prizes, laureate Prize No. 1 to them. A. N. Tupolev, one of the founders of the Soviet jet and supersonic aviation
- Minsky, Nikolai Maksimovich (January 15 (27), 1855, the village of Glubokoe, Vilna province - July 2, 1937, Paris) - Russian poet and mystic writer
- Polish writer Tadeusz Dolenga-Mostowicz (author of the novel The Witch Doctor, based on which the movie of the same name was made)
- Buynitsky Ignat Terentyevich (August 10 (22), 1861, Polivachi estate) - Belarusian actor, theater figure. In 1907, on the basis of an amateur circle, he organized a theater in an estate near the village of Prozoroki, which received the name "The First Belarusian Troupe, or the Theater of Ignat Buinitsky"
- Yazep Drozdovich (Belarusian Yazep Drazdovich) (October 13, 1888, Punki farm - September 15, 1954, Podsvilie) - Belarusian painter, graphic artist, sculptor, writer, folklorist, ethnographer and archaeologist.
Attractions
Carmelite Church in Hlybokaye
- Cathedral of the Holy Nativity of the Theotokos Cathedral (founded by I. L. Korsak as Church and monastery of Barefoot Carmelites, 1639-1654): a rare 4-tower temple of a transitional type from defensive Gothic to early Baroque. In 1730-35 it was rebuilt in the Vilnius baroque style by the architect Jan Krzysztof Glaubitz. Since 1878 - given under Orthodox church. In 1921 returned to the Catholics; in 1939 it was closed by the Soviet government, which placed the NKVD prison in the premises of the church and monastery. During the years of the Great patriotic war handed over by the occupying authorities to the Orthodox. The main shrine of the cathedral is the icon of the Virgin Worthy to eat(a gift from Athos monks)
- Monastery of the Carmelites (XVII-XIX centuries).
- Church of the Holy Trinity, 1628: founder - Joseph Korsak. Stone temple, built in 1764-82. in style Vilna Baroque. got its modern look in 1908. The main shrines are the statue of Christ and the icon Mother of God Scapular(transferred from the Carmelite church). At first (1735) it was wooden, then it was rebuilt, extensions were made
- Berezvechsky Basilian Monastery, 1638: stone style ensemble Vilna Baroque erected in 1756 (the Uniate Church, which was destroyed in 1970, was considered the pinnacle of this style). In 1901-1914 - an Orthodox women's monastery. 1941-44 - a concentration camp for prisoners of war. Currently a special regime prison
- The Wittgenstein Manor (late 19th - early 20th centuries), including a stable, outbuilding (converted into a school)
- Catholic chapel of St. Elijah (late 18th century) - located at the Koptevka cemetery
- Mill (1911)
- Cemetery of Polish soldiers (1920s)
- Grave of F. Munchausen (1878) - located at the Koptevka cemetery
- Memorial column in honor of the Constitution of the Commonwealth on May 3, 1791 (end of the 18th century) - located at the Koptevka cemetery ).
Well, the disease also has positive aspects - there was time to write here / well, when it warms up, the eyes open and the strength is a bit increased /. Therefore, I am writing a long-promised post about the city of Glubokoe itself, and then I will write about the surroundings - the famous places of Udelo and Mosar.
So, the city / mestechka / Glubokoe.
The city is located in the frame of large and small lakes. This regional center of the Vitebsk region is the largest locality on the 250-kilometer motorway Polotsk - Vilnius, the road that in ancient times connected the shortest way the capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Vilnius with the capital of the Principality of Polotsk. And besides, roads to Disna, Miory, Braslav, Daugavpils, Vileika, Myadel, Postavy, Minsk run up from Glubokoye...
Having tied all these ancient paths-hotels into a single knot, Glubokoe, known from written sources since 1514, developed for many centuries as a typical privately owned place.
A photo of a small panorama taken in the Glubokoe Museum of Local Lore, which helps to see how Glubokoe was in the century before last.
1. Carmelite monastery /former/, now the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Virgin.
2. Trinity Church
3. One of the streets that I photographed while climbing the tower of the temple of the former Carmelite monastery.
Glubokoe was divided into two unequal parts by the Berezovka River and the Great (Berezvechsky) and Kagalny (Deep) lakes. The city is located on a complex terrain: in a river valley at two heights above the mentioned lakes.
When we were at the Cherry Festival, they held a small walking tour in the city center. To be honest, I didn’t listen very much - I ran more than fotkala))) Why? well ... I myself, as a guide, took excursions there many times and told all this))) In general, while the guide at the walls of the Cathedral / former Carmelite church / told our story of the monastery and the temple ... 
... I went to the temple and, taking advantage of my official position / well, I'm an employee of the National Tourism Agency / and climbed the tower of the temple unaccompanied))) I performed a feat) I'm afraid of heights!) And enclosed space!) And here almost a vertical stone staircase in a narrow vertical circular room... uhhh! 
this flash illuminated, and so there was complete darkness!
You should have seen how I was looking for a switch on the wall by touch to turn on the lighting))) I found it! But there was little light - a weak bulb. Therefore, in the twilight, praying to myself, almost feeling the touch of time with my skin, I climbed up ...
I strove to where the arrow points to take a picture beautiful view to the city!))) Unfortunately, at that time there was still an old neighbor's fotik. 
The view was amazing! Now I understand how many and what kind of photos I could take with my new camera! But ... who knows - maybe when I will repeat the feat with God's help))) 
view of the old Market Square, the Trinity Church and behind it the Great (Berezvechskoye) Lake.
And below is a view of the street, which is on the panorama at number 3. 
Returning to the history of the city ... and so, the division of the city into 2 parts made the history unique. Its smaller part - the north-east - for a long time belonged to the rich Korsakov family. The greater - south-western - part of Glubokoe was owned by large feudal lords Zenovichi, then magnates Radziwills and their heirs Wittgensteins. These different parts of the town were even part of different voivodeships. A smaller part belonged to Polotsk, a large part - to the Vilna Voivodeship. This continued until the eighteenth century.
in the photo to the right - one city center, and in the distance, where tall modern buildings - another, now there is an administrative center and the main events of the Cherry Festival were held there.
Here is the farthest part of the city in the photo, it belonged to the Radziwills. The place was called Market Square. And earlier there was a castle and the estate of the Radziwills. Now it is the Central Square of the district center with all the attributes of the Soviet era inherent in such squares: the building of the city executive committee, a department store, a bank and other structures. 
Through the square, the square is open towards Lake Glubokoe (or Kagalny). 
There are two monuments in the park: to the soldiers who liberated Glubokoe in 1944, and to servicemen, natives of Glubokoe, who died during the war in Afghanistan (1978-1988). There were five of them. 
The triangular square between the church and the cathedral, which is clearly visible in the picture that I took from the tower, was previously called May 3 Square in honor of the Constitution of the Commonwealth, adopted on May 3, 1791. But already two years later, in 1793, Glubokoe became part of Russia and by the end of the 19th century, there were more than 5,500 thousand inhabitants, which was quite a lot at that time.
The “frontier” past of the town was not forgotten, and when the Bolsheviks signed a peace treaty with the Poles in Riga in 1921, this past backfired. Deep turned out to be on the Polish-Soviet border - the border passed 25-27 km from the city. On September 17, 1939, the campaign of the Red Army began in Western Belarus, after which it became part of the BSSR. Today, the name of the square reminds of these events - the square of September 17th. 
Farny Trinity Church.
This trapezoid, close in shape to a triangle, square has long been another trade center of Glubokoye. There was a prikostelny platz with a Carmelite market. This north-eastern part of the city once belonged to the Korsaks - a powerful family that owned many lands in the vicinity of Glubokoe and Disna. The Korsaks were the heirs of the Polotsk princes. The first representatives of this genus are mentioned in Polotsk letters in 1385.
In the first half of the 16th century, the Korsakov family was among the top ten richest families of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, owning more than 20,000 serfs. The most significant trace in history was left by the governor of Mstislav and the headman of Disna, Joseph Lvovich Korsak (1570 - 1630; 1643), who died childless. He converted from Orthodoxy to Uniatism, then to Catholicism.
It was he who gave big influence on the fate of Glubokoy. At his expense, in the 17th century, the Farn Trinity Church and the Carmelite Monastery with the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin were built on this square. These monuments, with their facades facing the square and each other, form a surprisingly picturesque silhouette of the historical part of the city. 
former Carmelite church, photo 1939
The monastery complex of the Carmelites, now including the building former church, a monastery and gates, was founded in 1639-1654, rebuilt in 1735, obviously, by Joseph Fontana III - one of the creators of the "Vilna" baroque style. The Carmelite church in Glubokaye is, perhaps, the first materialized example of the mentioned style in Belarus. It will be followed by other monuments (Sophia of Polotsk, Uniate churches in Berezvechie, Boruny, Zhirovitsy, a church in Stolovichi, etc. - I will tell about all these places in my day - that's why I am leading it).
In front of the main façade there is a three-arched two-tier gate, erected simultaneously with the rebuilding of the temple in 1735. 
Above the gate there is a figurative completion, in which the statue of St. Teresa was previously placed, later replaced by the icon of the Mother of God.
High gates precede the vast monastery courtyard and, being located on the same axis with the church, point to main entrance into it, represented by a richly decorated portal with carved wooden doors. 
Well, welcome inside the temple))) Come in - there we will continue our walk around the temple with such a big interesting story!
Now I’ll tell you a little about the interior decoration, and then.... /shhh... we’ll quietly go down to the basement under the temple, which keeps oh so many secrets... which it doesn’t reveal yet, but only hints at.../ 
The temple is covered with cylindrical vaults with stucco geometric ornaments in the interior. The frescoes that covered the walls and ceiling of the temple, unfortunately, were lost in 1875 when the church was rebuilt into a church. At the same time, an iconostasis was installed in it. True, when I was in Glubokoe 5-6 years ago, the temple was being renovated, but ... I saw frescoes on the columns from the time of the Carmelites with my own eyes !!! Then it was all painted over with paint ... And on the temple there is a sign "protected by the state." But you could just close it with icons, still preserving for posterity a piece of the history of this monument. Moreover, excursions are accepted, even there is a guide. They do not take money, but people ALWAYS donate to maintain the temple, regardless of religion. But this is so - a lyrical digression, a reason for reflection.
Its sacred and artistic value is a copy of the miraculous image of the Mother of God “It is worthy to eat”, brought here in 1911 from Karyes, the capital of Mount Athos.
The stone three-storey monastery, which replaced the wooden one in 1735, adjoined the apse of the church from the north-western side, forming a closed courtyard. Its eastern wing has been preserved, the other two, dilapidated, were dismantled in 1892, almost three decades after the closing of the monastery (1864). 
Again - when I visited during the renovation, the windows of the building were still open, but now they are walled up. I didn’t ask what is there now ... I don’t want to ... It’s just a pity when something originally created, once beautiful is lost ...
As for the history of the monastery and the question that has been tormenting you for a long time - when and why was all this given to the Orthodox? I tell you... the reason for closing the monastery was the uprising of 1863 and the active participation of the Carmelites in it, who gave food to the rebels, supplied them with medicines, and sheltered them in the dungeon of the monastery.
For reference: The Uprising of 1863, or the January Uprising, is a gentry uprising on the territory of the Kingdom of Poland, the North-Western Territory (what is now practically the territory of Belarus) and Volyn with the aim of restoring the Commonwealth within the borders in the east of 1772. It began on January 22, 1863 and continued until the autumn of 1864, ending with the defeat of the rebels. Those. an attempt to escape from the power of the Russian Empire, which fell under after the three sections of the Commonwealth. On the Internet you can find a lot of materials for those who are interested.
There were 30 monks in the monastery at that time. They dressed in a black or dark walnut cassock with a hood, wore a gray hat. The Carmelites are monks of a mendicant Catholic order, whose history is extremely interesting and instructive, but nevertheless I will tell about them separately.
St. Juan della Cruz dressed as a Carmelite monk
St. Teresa of Avila dressed as a Carmelite nun
Here, in Glubokoe, the followers of St. Teresa of Avila - the Barefoot Carmelites stayed for no less than 226 years (1639-1865)! The monastery owned 15 estates, which brought in 100 thousand zlotys per year. The Glubokoe Carmelites maintained a school, a gentry boarding school for twelve people, a library of three thousand books, a physical office, a pharmacy, a hospital, and several living rooms for travelers.
On July 18, 1812, Napoleon stayed in these chambers. Moving with his guard from Vilnius towards Moscow and pursuing on the heels of the army of Barclay de Tolly and Bagration.
At the entrance to the temple, right at the door of the main entrance in the main room, an inconspicuous rather worn carpet lies on the floor... 
Now we're going to pull back this rug and... 
What is this? steps? Where? .. to the cellars under the temple!!!
According to legend, the vast dungeons that were under the buildings of the church and the monastery stretched under the square to the Trinity Church and even further to Berezvechie, where the monastery of the Basilians was located, which I will talk about later.
After the defeat of the uprising, the cells of the monastery and its dungeons turned into chambers for torture and detention of prisoners - participants in the uprising of 1863-64, over whom the Vilna governor-general Muravyov arrived here, known in history as Muravyov the hanger, because that it was he who led the suppression of uprisings and riots against the annexation of our lands to the Russian Empire.
Shall we walk through the basements? not scary? To be honest, while I was walking there next to my husband, while ours were all roaming around there, it was not scary. But when I waited for everyone to leave, to take at least a couple of pictures with my frail old camera, it became creepy ...
Judge for yourself - here are the photos. 
the flash highlighted what was not noticeable in the twilight, but at the same time the photo turned out not so scary as in the twilight of the "forty" bulbs ... 
before the start of repair and type of "restoration" work, there were burials here. I don’t know about their fate, but I didn’t ask - who will tell the truth ...
In the crypt under the temple, in one of the niches, one could previously read the inscription: “Here the bones of the noble fundator sleep in the world, his soul is in heaven.” Where are these bones now, like other monks ... Probably only God knows.
True, several times we stumbled upon such a fence - most likely the surviving burial places. 
I don’t know about anyone, but I was scared there. But there was no such "animal" fear. Only some incomprehensible feeling of the invisible presence of Time... It is difficult to convey in words, but it seemed that it was worth being alone in silence, pressing your palms against the wall, closing your eyes and... you can see pictures from the past, hear the voices of the monks...
But time was running out and it was necessary to run further - the program at the festival was intense!
Before crawling out into the light of God, I drew attention to the steps to the cellars - there were boards on the brickwork, and some very well-groomed or something ... 
the guide explained that these boards have been lying here ... since the construction of the temple by the Carmelites !!! yyyy ... where is the device that reads the time information? !! scientists, what are you doing?! How much would we learn from these steps!!!
Here is the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Virgin ... a Carmelite monastery ...
If you're in Glubokoe, be sure to check it out! I think if you ask to see the cellars, they will not refuse you - the main thing is that there should be no service at that moment.
Well, goodbye to the temple - a view from above, a photo that I took, climbing up the tower and periodically leaning out of the doors leading to the ledges above the temple. This peeking was the most terrible - my legs were already trembling with fear - there was a low fence like a balcony, I just leaned out a little and stretched out my hand to take a photo and ... quickly back so as not to fall off - really dizzy. 
Opposite this temple is the Trinity Church. / in the photo from the tower it is clearly visible /. There was no time to go there, so just a few words about him.
In this place in 1628 Joseph Korsak founded a wooden church. Located on the mountain, it was clearly visible to the inhabitants of the surrounding villages. During the Thirteen Years' War (16541667), when Glubokoe was attacked by Russian troops, the church burned down, but was rebuilt. In 1764, the dilapidated temple was dismantled, and by 1782 a stone church in the late Baroque style was built in its place.
Initially, the church was a single-nave, two-tower basilica with an elongated semicircular apse. During the reconstruction in 1902-1908, according to the project of the architect Y. Zaro, a transept, side aisles and a sacristy were added to the temple, which gave the building a three-dimensional composition of a three-aisled cross basilica. At the same time, the two-tiered towers grew by two tiers and became four-tiered. Their decorative decoration was sustained in the former late Baroque ("Vilna") style.
Originally intended for circular viewing by its location on high point square, the church is perceived as a stylistically finished sculptural composition. The same integrity of the architectural and artistic image is characteristic of the interior of the monument.
There is also a very cozy Museum of Local Lore in Glubokoye. It is located in an old brick small two-story mansion. The halls are small, which gives them coziness and some kind of homely atmosphere. There is a working gramophone, which is sometimes turned on at the request of visitors. Be sure to check it out when you are in the city.
Here are a couple of photos of the museum from my previous trips to Glubokoe.
Finishing the story about Glubokoye, it remains to say that in recent years the city has changed a lot. A bustling place, where earlier on Sundays they traded mainly rye, wax, lard, hunting trophies, since 1944 it has become a regional center of the Vitebsk region.
Now 18 thousand people live in Glubokoe. Mainly food industry enterprises work here. And with one of them, almost every inhabitant of the republic, and not only, is probably familiar in absentia. I mean a dairy plant that produces condensed and concentrated milk with various, now cherry additives - products that are popular with most buyers.
The industrial zone is concentrated mainly in the southwestern part of the city. And at the exit to the north, you can see another important historical landmark of Glubokoe - the former Basilian monastery, which was previously located in the village of Berezveche, which was included in the city of Glubokoe in the 60s of the twentieth century. The monastery is located 2 km from September 17 Square, on the shores of the Great Lake (Berezvechsky). But this is a completely different story that deserves a separate post.
Thanks to everyone who read the post to the end! So you were really interested. Forgive me if you see typos - tell me, I'll correct them, now I don't see them anymore)))
I will answer all questions)))) If you need to make a post-explanation about the Carmelites and the Vilna Baroque - write. It's not difficult and I'll do it quickly.
