The largest sailing ship in history. The largest sailing ships

10

It was the largest sailing ship of its time. It had four full decks (the upper one was flush with the sides, as later on some ships). According to the project, he had to have a huge cargo capacity, while maintaining, in order to reduce costs, the usual crew size.

Unfortunately, before the first voyage to Britain, as a result of a fire, the ship burned out to the waterline and sank. After being raised and restored, it lost its upper deck, the area of ​​sails and the volume of cargo spaces were reduced. The crew (130 people) was reduced by half. The Great Republic went through several owners until, during a storm in March 1872, she was wrecked and sank.

9

The last five-masted barque, built in 1921 by the Scottish shipyard Ramage and Ferguson by order of the Danish East Asia Company after the First World War in Copenhagen. On December 14, 1928, with 16 regular crew members and 45 cadets on board, he left Buenos Aires and headed southeast. The ship had to reach Australia in ballast, where it would receive the cargo - wheat - and deliver it to Europe.

On December 21, the last communication session with the sailboat took place, since December 22 the ship has not been in contact and has since been considered missing. What caused his death - a sudden squall or a collision with an iceberg - remained unknown.

8

Huge five-masted barque. It became the first sailing ship in history, whose tonnage exceeded 4000 gross register tons.

7

One of the largest barques of its time. France was preparing to host the World Exhibition in Paris, dedicated to the entry of the world into the coming 20th century.

A colossal steel tower had already been built - a symbol of the triumph of technological progress; later it will be called by the name of the builder Eiffel. Another such symbol, demonstrating the wide possibilities of metal, was to be the new French steel sailboat. The new sailboat and the giant tower were equally talked about.

6

A five-masted four-star cruising sailing ship built in the image and likeness of Prussia (1902-1910). It was designed by Zygmunt Horen, a Polish specialist in ship devices, entered service in 2000 and, being the longest sailing ship in the world, can accommodate 227 passengers. The ship can reach speeds of up to 20 knots.

5

The six-masted 125-meter double-deck schooner, built mainly from Canadian pine, is the height of perfection in wooden shipbuilding.

This is the world's largest and the only all-wood vessel in our top ten giants, which is of particular interest to both shipbuilders and sailors.

4

The only seven-masted ship in the world. It was launched from the slipways of the For River in Quincy in 1902. The famous shipowner Deon Crowley had a great desire to create the largest sailing ship in the world, as a result of which he was the inspirer and author of the idea of ​​​​building this giant.

Almost all the time, the sailboat was operated on the same line and transported more than one thousand tons of coal and other bulk cargo between the USA and Canada. However, in 1907 it was chartered by an oil company to transport oil products through Atlantic Ocean. The vessel with full holds of barrels of oil products set off on its first and tragically last transatlantic voyage.

3

Merchant ship, five-masted barque. Like all ships built by AG Rickmers, the hull was traditionally painted green. Below the waterline - red.

Given that the ship was equipped with a steam engine, it did not appear on the lists of the largest sailing ships in Germany, despite the fact that since 1914 it has occupied one of the leading places in terms of size and displacement. Some sailors jokingly called it a sailing steamer. The maximum carrying capacity was 7,900 tons. To increase the carrying capacity, even the coal bunker was reduced.

2

French five-masted barque. Considered one of the most big sailboats in the history of shipbuilding. Laid down at the Chantiers et Ateliers de la Gironde shipyards in Bordeaux in 1911.

During the Second World War, in 1944, the ship, which until that time was aground, came under the sight of an American bomber and was destroyed during a bombing exercise.

1

Five-masted sailing ship with an all-steel hull. It was the largest straight-sail ship in the world and the only five-masted sailing ship of this class in the world merchant fleet.

In 1910, Prussia collided with another ship while on a voyage with cargo for Chile and eventually sank.

Picking up wallpaper for your desktop, I came across several photos of sailing ships flying the Russian flag. Surprised and intrigued me. Yes, and forced to raise materials on this issue. So the sailboats of Russia.

Bark "Kruzenshtern"

The company Laiesch und K, which existed in Hamburg at the beginning of the 20th century, owned a total of 56 barges, which had steel hulls and spars and excellent driving performance. Their names traditionally began with the letter "P" - "Flying P". The last of these was the four-masted barque Padua built in 1926 at the shipyard in Geestemünde. Until 1936, he carried saltpeter and phosphates from Chile to Germany and wheat from Australia, making two record crossings to Australia in 67 days, with an average voyage of 88 days. Since the beginning of the war, the bark was used as a cargo lighter, and when the fleet of Nazi Germany was divided, it was transferred to the Soviet Union as an indemnity.

In January 1946, the Soviet flag was hoisted on the ship, and it received a new name - in honor of the great Russian navigator Ivan Fedorovich Kruzenshtern (1770 - 1846), commander of the first Russian round the world expedition on the sloops Nadezhda and Neva.

The condition of the vessel was not the best, there were no funds for repairs, and until 1955 the Kruzenshtern served as a floating barracks without going to sea. In June 1955, he was first taken to the raid for testing. The bark easily completed all the given maneuvers, and it was decided to use it as a training vessel, equipped according to modern requirements. In 1959 - 1961 the ship was overhauled. Two diesel engines of 588 kW each and all the necessary equipment were installed on it.

From 1961 to 1966 Kruzenshtern is a research ship of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Bark visited with expeditions Bermuda, Jamaica, Gibraltar, Casablanca, Halifax and other ports. Since 1966 - a training sailing ship with a home port - Riga, since 1981. - Tallinn, and since 1991 - Kaliningrad.

Kruzenshtern is the winner of the 1992 and 1994 Boston-Liverpool races, showing a record speed of 17.4 knots. This was not the limit, but given the age of the vessel, it was considered dangerous to develop a high speed.

In 1993, the barque again underwent a major overhaul in Wismar (Germany) with the replacement of engines and the installation of the most modern navigation and communication systems. It is still one of the largest sailing ships in the world (only the sail-motor training ship Sedov is larger than it).

Now, under the guidance of qualified mentors, cadets of nautical schools receive their first maritime knowledge and skills on the sailing and motor barque Kruzenshtern. Every year, about 800 young men who have chosen a maritime specialty practice here.

PERFORMANCE DATA

Maximum length with bowsprit, m - 114.5
Length between perpendiculars, m - 95.5
Midsection width, m - 14.05
Board height, m ​​- 8.5
Freeboard height, m ​​- 2.22
Draft at full displacement, m - 6.85
Empty displacement, t - 3760
Displacement in full load, t - 5725
Maximum speed under engines, knots - 9.4
Speed ​​under sail, knots - up to 16
Power of two main engines, l. With. – 1600
Sail area, m2 - 3655
Navigation area - unlimited
Crew size - 70
Number of places for cadets - 203

Bark "Sedov"

The ship was built at the Krupp shipyard in Kiel (Germany) in 1921. Its first owner, Carl Winnen, named the ship after his daughter, Magdalena Winnen. The vessel was designed and built for the purpose of transporting bulk cargoes between the ports of Europe and South America, Australia, South-East Asia and Oceania. In 1936, Carl Winnen sold this four-masted barque to the shipping company Norddeutscher Lloyd. The new shipowner equipped the vessel with cabins for 70 cadets and began to use it both as a cargo and training ship. The barque was given a new name - "Kommondor Jensen".

After the defeat of fascist Germany and the end of the Second World War, in accordance with the decisions of the Potsdam Conference, the division of the military and auxiliary German fleets was carried out between the allies. The Soviet Union in compensation for those lost during the war sailing ships received, in particular, the ship "Commodore Jensen", renamed in honor of the famous Russian polar explorer Georgy Yakovlevich Sedov (1877 - 1914).

On January 11, 1946, the Sedov sailboat was handed over to the Soviet Navy as a training ship. He made his first sea voyage in this quality in 1952.
Since 1957, "Sedov", remaining in the class of a training vessel, began to perform the functions of an oceanographic vessel. In the course of these studies, the crew and the team of scientists, by joint efforts, erased many "blank spots" from the map of the Atlantic Ocean.

In 1965, the ship was transferred to the jurisdiction of the USSR Ministry of Fisheries for the purpose of training the personnel of the fishing fleet. Riga became Sedov's home port. In the early 70s, the barque was going through difficult times and almost died. In anticipation of a long overdue repair, the ship stood in Leningrad for almost four years and waited for the decision of its fate. The new owners essentially planned to scrap the barque, proving the futility of the idea of ​​updating the training vessel. But more than 100 famous sailors and heads of maritime schools came to the defense of the veteran. At different times, each of them lived the same life with the Sedov, sharing the difficulties and romance of sailing together. The initiative of the sailors was heard and the ship was sent for repairs to Kronstadt, where, over the course of six years of reconstruction, the old 500-horsepower engine was replaced with a new one, with a capacity of 1180 hp, electronic navigation equipment was supplied and places for 164 students were equipped. The ship was put back into service in 1981.
The Sedov made its first voyage, now as the flagship of the training fleet of the USSR Ministry of Fisheries, to Denmark, where at that time the 300th anniversary of the birth of the Dane Vitus Jonassen Bering was celebrated.

In 1983, for the first time during its stay in the Soviet Union, the ship visited its native port of Bremerhavn, where our sailors invited former members of the German crews of the sailing ship, including one of its first owners, on board.

In 1984, the Sedov made a voyage dedicated to the 400th anniversary of the founding of the city of Arkhangelsk. The flight, which began in the Baltic, passed around Scandinavia. In July, the sailboat arrived in Arkhangelsk, where the holiday began.

During this voyage, declared a voyage of peace, visitors to the Soviet barque "Sedov" signed on the Sail of Peace. There was also the signature of the Danish cartoonist Herluf Bidstrup.

In 1986, the Sedov took part in its first international races and since then has become a frequent participant in them, including the 1992 Columbus Regatta. Since 1989, in addition to domestic cadets, the ship has also accepted foreign adventurers for training.

In April 1991, in connection with Latvia's independence, Russia transferred the ship from Riga to Murmansk and transferred it to the Murmansk State Technical University.
"Sedov" - a four-masted barque, is the largest sailing ship in the world of traditional construction and the second largest after the 5-masted Royal Clipper. UPS "Sedov" is listed in the "Guinness Book of Records" as the largest of the sailing ships that have survived to this day.

Despite its venerable age, the sailboat continues to participate in regattas.

TACTICAL AND TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Nationality: Russia
Home port: Murmansk
Year built: 1921
Shipyard: Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft, Kiel
Vessel type: 4-masted barque
Case: steel
Displacement: 6148 t
Length: 117.50 m.
Draft: 6.70 m.
Width: 14.70 m.
Mast height (from waterline): 58 m
Sailing area: 4.192 m²
Number of sails: 32 pcs
Wind energy: 8.000 HP
Engine brand: Vartsila
Engine power: 2.800 HP
Speed ​​under sail: up to 18 knots
Hull length: 109 m
Tonnage: 3556 tons
Sailing area: 4192 m2
Crew: 70
Cadets: 164

At the end of the 80s, ships of the same type were built in Poland: “Gift of Youth” for the city of Gdynia, “Druzhba” for the city of Odessa, “Mir” for the city of Leningrad, “Khersonesos” for the city of Sevastopol, “Pallada” and “Nadezhda” for the city of Vladivostok.

Training sailing ship "Mir" ( training frigate)

Training sailing ship "Mir" was built in 1987 in Poland at the Gdansk shipyard. As one of the five training sailing ships of this type. December 1, 1987 - flag Soviet Union was raised on the stern flagpole of the "Mir" and then the ship arrived at its home port - Leningrad. State Academy. adm. S.O. Makarova (at that time the Leningrad Higher Marine Engineering School) became its shipowner. The first captain was V.N. Antonov.
From 1989 to 1991, the ship belonged to the Baltic Shipping Company, then the Academy again became the owner of the ship.

From the very beginning, the ship was designed and built as a training ship, intended for swimming practice for cadets of the navigation faculty and taking part in sailing ship races.

IN different times from 70 to 140 cadets not only of the State Marine Academy, but also of other maritime educational institutions were trained on board the ship former Union as well as England and the USA.

"Mir" actively participates in the races of sailing ships. A significant event was the participation of "Mir" in the international grand regatta "Columbus-92", dedicated to the 500th anniversary of the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus. "Mir" came to the finish line of this race as an absolute winner. The prize was presented to the crew by King Juan Carlos I of Spain.

"Mir" took part in the transatlantic regatta "Tall Ships 2000". "Mir" is the only class "A" ship that won the main prize of this race twice in a row (2003 and 2004).

The training sailing ship "Mir" is the current symbol of the maritime St. Petersburg, the bearer of the idea of ​​​​international cooperation between port cities, a kind of ambassador of St. Petersburg in foreign countries.

According to the prevailing last years practice "Mir" from April to October works in the area of ​​the Baltic and North seas visiting from 15 to 20 ports per season. Cadets of the State Maritime Academy and other maritime educational institutions practice on the ship.

Main technical characteristics:

Maximum length (with bowsprit) - 110 m
maximum width - 14 m
draft - 6.7 m
displacement - 2256 t
total engine power - 1100 hp
mast height: fore and mainsail - 49.5 m, mizzen - 46.5 m
sail area - 2771 sq.m.
crew (including 144 cadets) - 199 people

Training sailing vessel "Nadezhda" (training frigate)

Nadezhda is a three-masted training ship owned by the Marine state university them. G. I. Nevelskoy (Vladivostok). Built in Poland at the Gdansk shipyard in 1991. Flag Russian Federation was raised on June 5, 1992.

This three-masted ship was built according to the prototype of sailing ships of the early 20th century; has a full sailing armament of the "ship" type. 26 sails are controlled exclusively by hand and are the main propulsion of the vessel. Two engines driven by one controllable pitch propeller are used for sailing in stormy conditions, as well as when entering and leaving the port. The frigate has full sailing equipment.

The history of the Russian fleet knows several sailing ships with the name "Nadezhda". The modern frigate "Nadezhda" is a continuation of the life of sailing ships that have left a good memory of themselves: as the first training sailing ship in Russia, as the first Russian ship to make circumnavigation, like a ship whose name is given to the straits, capes, island. In the history of the fleet, there are few ships with such rich history, ships that so regularly served their Fatherland, leaving their mark both in military affairs and in science.

On account of the sailboat - dozens of expeditions and voyages to different latitudes. Each sea voyage is a difficult test both for the ship itself, and for its crew, and for the cadets who pass their sixth “floating” semester on the high seas. During long trips, cadets not only perform all ship work, participate in all-hands work, stand watch on the bridge, but also study. There are several basic subjects studied on the voyage. According to the captain of the frigate, it is important for the cadets to develop an understanding of the real scale of the World Ocean. For example, during the "round the world" with the participation of cadets, laser and acoustic sounding of the sea mass was continuously carried out, water samples were taken from various depths with their subsequent analysis. Laser sounding of the atmosphere was regularly carried out, for which there is a unique Lidar installation on board the sailboat.

Currently, the frigate continues the glorious traditions of its predecessors and is used as a sailing training and research vessel.

Tactical and technical characteristics
Maximum length (with bowsprit) - 109.4 m
Maximum width - 14.0 m
Maximum draft - 7.3 m
Displacement - 2,984 tons
Engine power - 2x450 kW
Main mast height - 49.5 m
Sailing area - 2768 sq.m
Crew - 50 people
Number of places for trainees - 143

Training sailing ship "Pallada" (training frigate)

"Pallada" is a three-masted training ship belonging to the Far Eastern State Technical Fisheries University (Vladivostok).

Named after the frigate "Pallada" of the Russian navy, which in 1852-1855 made a voyage from Kronstadt to the shores of Japan with the diplomatic mission of Vice Admiral E.V. Putyatin. This three-masted ship was built according to the prototype of sailing ships of the early 20th century; has a full armament of the "frigate" type. Two motors driven by one controllable pitch propeller are used for sailing in stormy conditions, as well as when entering and leaving the port. The controllable pitch screw can be moved to the so-called "vane position" to reduce drag when sailing.

The frigate "Pallada" set the official speed record of 18.7 knots for class "A" sailing ships. However, during the 2007-2008 circumnavigation, the Pallada set a new record of 18.8 knots. This record was recorded in the logbook, and also filmed on video, but not officially issued.

Currently, the frigate is used as a sailing training and research vessel.

Maximum width - 14.0 m
Maximum draft - 6.6 m
Displacement - 2,284 tons
Engine power - 2 × 419 kW
Main mast height - 49.5 m
Number of sails - 26
Sailing area - 2771 m²
Crew - 51 people.
Number of places for trainees - 144

Training sailing ship "Khersones" (training frigate)

"Khersones" is a three-masted training ship (a ship with full sailing equipment) belonging to the Kerch State Marine Technological University (port of registry - Kerch).

Built in Poland at the Gdansk shipyard named after Lenin in 1989. The first name is "Alexander Grin", but at the end of the construction, due to political and religious considerations, in honor of the 1000th anniversary of the baptism of Rus', it was named "Chersonesos".

From 1991 to 2006, on a lease basis, it was operated by the Inmaris travel company as a cruise ship. Since 2006, due to a financial dispute between the lessee and the shipowner, the operation has been discontinued, the vessel is laid up in the port of Kerch. Since 2006, the ship has not gone to sea.

Currently, the frigate is the flagship of the training fleet of the Kerch State Marine Technological University. Although there is a dispute between the Federal Agency for Fishery and the Ministry of Transport of Russia for the right to own the vessel. But on October 9, 2015, Khersones arrived at the Sevastopol branch of Zvezdochka for repairs. As of December 10, 2015, the frigate was docked for repairs.

Maximum length (with bowsprit) - 108.6 m
Maximum width - 14.0 m
Maximum draft - 7.3 m
Displacement - 2,987 tons
Main mast height - 51 m
Ship power point- two main diesel engines Zultzer-Zigelski with a total capacity of 1140 liters. s. (2 x 570)

Two-masted motor-sailing schooner "Nadezhda"

There is a legend that the schooner, later known as “Nadezhda”, is the “Sterna” (“Stern”) yacht of Felix Graf von Luckner, the national hero of Germany during the First World War.

"Sterna" was built in 1912 in Leiderdorp (Netherlands) at the shipyard of Gebrouders as a steel sail logger for fishing. When built in 1912, the schooner was equipped with a two-stroke two-cylinder engine manufactured by Deutsche Werke (Deutsche Werke) with a capacity of 70 hp. With.

On August 2, 1927, the schooner was sold to Bernhard Heinecke from Hamburg, who converted her into a universal cargo ship and renamed her "Edelgard" ("Edelgard").

On July 3, 1936, the schooner was sold to Count Felix von Luckner. Luckner rebuilt the schooner, changing the bow, installed a new 140-horsepower main engine and converted it into a comfortable seaworthy yacht. The schooner received a new name "Seeteufel" ("Seeteufel" - German "Sea Devil"). Under this name and under the command of von Luckner, from April 18, 1937 to July 19, 1939, the schooner circumnavigated the world along the route.
The crew of the ship consisted of scouts and cartographers. Under cover world travel the main goal was to collect information about the ports of a potential enemy before the start of the war. The voyage was prepared by the propaganda and naval intelligence services of fascist Germany.

In 1943, the schooner was acquired by the outstanding sea diver Hans Haas for the institute he was creating for marine research. The schooner was to become an expedition ship and a base for underwater filming and photography. However, it turned out to be impossible to transfer the schooner from Stettin, where she was at that time.

On February 12, 1947, the schooner was transferred as a trophy to the Naval Order of Lenin Academy. K. E. Voroshilova. The schooner was named "Hope" and, together with another schooner "Study", was included in the detachment of training ships of the Leningrad Naval Preparatory School. On June 14, 1948, the schooner was transferred to the Leningrad Nakhimov Naval School. On July 24, 1956, the schooner was transferred to the yacht club of the Leningrad Naval Base. In 1958, the schooner was renamed PKZ-134.

On June 18, 1958, she was expelled from the USSR Navy and donated to the Central Yacht Club of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions, receiving the name "Leningrad" and becoming the flagship of the yacht club. In 1962, the schooner was overhauled and re-equipped at the Almaz plant. A 3D12 diesel engine (300 hp) was installed as the main one, a poop and a new wheelhouse appeared, significantly changing the silhouette of the schooner.
On the schooner, cadets of naval schools, students of the Children's and Youth Sports School, and students of oceanography practiced. The schooner repeatedly participated in the filming of Soviet, Russian and foreign filmmakers, playing the roles of both frigates and Pomeranian schooners.

From 1970 to 1979, the schooner was the main participant in the city holidays of the Scarlet Sails graduates. After the city of Leningrad became St. Petersburg, in 1993 the former name "Hope" was returned to the schooner. Due to financial difficulties and unsatisfactory technical condition since 2005, the schooner has been practically not operated.

In 2009-2010, at the Rechnaya shipyard in St. Petersburg, work was carried out to repair the hull of the schooner, replanned the lower premises, and changed the architecture of the hull above main deck, standing and running rigging was replaced, new sails were sewn, the main engine was moved, two new diesel generators were installed, new radio navigation equipment was installed.

Since 2014 - the Fund for Support, Reconstruction and Revival of Historic Ships and Classic Yachts of the St. Petersburg Yacht Club.

In 2004, the Felix von Luckner Society was founded in Halle. One of the goals of this society is "the repatriation of the Seeteufel schooner to Germany."

Displacement - 180 (200) t
Length - 36 m
Width - 6.6 m
Board height - 3.5 (3.2) m
Draft - 2.8 m
Mast height - 22.0 m from the waterline
Number of sails - 9
Sailing area - 340 (460) m²

Sailing training vessel "Young Baltiets"

The training sailing vessel "Young Baltiets" was laid down on February 4, 1988 at the Baltiysky Zavod im. S. Ordzhonikidze in the city of Leningrad. On June 2, 1989, the ship was raised state flag THE USSR.

The first independent exit from the berth of the plant in May 1989. The crew of the ship is 52 people, including 32 trainees, cabin boys aged 12 to 18 years. In the summer of 1990, the sailboat visited German ports: Kiel, Travemünde, Bremerhaven. After these visits, invitations began to come to participate in sailing holidays held in Germany. In 1993, in the Cutty Sark race at the first stage in group A, the ship took sixth place after well-known sailboats like Mir, Kruzernshtern and Sedov. Abroad, they began to show interest in the sailboat, because it turned out to be the only sailboat on which schoolchildren are practicing. Over the years, "Young Baltiets" has received many invitations from both Europe and America, and visited many European ports.

Tactical and technical characteristics:
Length - 48.4 m
Width - 8.4 m
Height - 36.0 m
Displacement - 441t / 132t
Sailing area - 500 sq.m
The power of the main mover is 408 hp.
Travel speed under the main propulsion unit - 9.5 knots
Speed ​​under sail - 10.5 knots
Crew - 20 people
Interns - 32 people

The current copy of the historical frigate Shtandart.

Shtandart is a copy of the Shtandart frigate of the time of Peter the Great, built by the non-governmental non-profit organization Project Shtandart.

In 1994, Vladimir Martus, with an initiative group, took up the construction of a historical replica of the ship. On September 4, 1999, the Shtandart was solemnly launched at the Petrovsky Admiralty shipyard. The frigate is used by the non-governmental non-profit organization Project Shtandart.

The crew of the "Standard" is made up of volunteers, trained and prepared before the start of each voyage. In June 2000, the Shtandart set off on its maiden voyage along the route of the Great Embassy - to those cities and countries that Peter I visited while studying ship craft. At the beginning of 2012, the Shtandart frigate made twelve voyages across Europe, visiting 54 ports in 12 European countries. In 2009, Shtandart passed from St. Petersburg to the Norwegian port of Kirkenes, rounding the North Cape. From 2005 to 2009, he repeatedly entered the waters of the Neva to participate in the Scarlet Sails festival. Shtandart takes an active part in international marine regattas, festivals, filming.

But in June 2009, the Shtandart was presented to the inspectors of the Russian River Register. During the dock inspection, the registry inspectors identified a number of “significant” non-compliances with the requirements. To restore the vessel on the classification register river register On June 18, 2009, he presented the shipowner with a demand to eliminate all non-compliances with the Register rules on the Shtandart before going on a voyage.

The shipowner, the non-commercial partnership Project Shtandart, considering the presented requirements to be impossible in principle, taking into account the historical design of the ship, decided to stop the operation of the ship in the waters of the Russian Federation until the issues of Russian legislation on historical and traditional ships are settled.

Since 2009, Shtandart has been carrying out educational and training swimming in the waters European countries. The vessel has been tested for compliance with the safety standards of the German maritime administration BG Verkehr, has a certificate from the Dutch Register of Historical and Sailing Vessels Register Holland. On June 15, 2010, Shtandart applied to the Russian Maritime Register with a request to conduct a survey of the vessel as a sports sailing vessel according to the newly approved rules. But consideration of documents is not completed. Shtandart is forced to remain outside the territorial waters of the Russian Federation.

The Shtandart is currently being used for the filming of the film Set Michiel De Ruyter.

The current copy of the historic battleship "Goto Predestination" ("God's foresight")

Historical copy of the Russian battleship "Goto Predestination" of the times of Peter the Great, built in 2011-2014. The ship is moored at Admiralteiskaya Square in Voronezh and is a museum ship.

In early 2010, we began to create drawings based on archival documents. The work on the creation of the project was complicated by the fact that most of the documents related to the construction of the battleship were not preserved. When creating a replica of the ship, notes from the state archive were used, as well as paintings and engravings of the 18th century, and the design of the ship was based on a watercolor by Peter Bergman.

On June 15, 2011, the foundation board of the future sailboat was solemnly installed at the Pavlovsk Shipyard. The wooden part of the ship was recreated from a watercolor by Peter Bergman painted in 1700. According to Alexander Tikhomirov, designer of the superstructure, the same materials were used for its construction, from which the original ship was built: pine and oak, and at least 100 years old.

On July 21, 2013, the lower part of the ship from Pavlovsk, with the help of 2 tugs along the Don and Voronezh rivers, went to the Voronezh reservoir to Petrovsky Island, where it was moored on July 25. The next day, the ship was moored to Petrovskaya embankment. of the future ship In mid-September, the installation of the superstructure began. At the end of December 2013, the ship was transferred to Admiralteyskaya Square.

In January 2014, the arrangement of the coastal parking for the ship began. In April, all the ship's masts were installed. July 2, 2014 the ship went on its first voyage for sea trials.

July 27, 2014, on the day of the Navy, the ship "Goto Predestination" was inaugurated near the Admiralteyskaya Square in the city of Voronezh. The Andreevsky flag was raised on the ship. After that, the ship went on its first voyage, in which the workers of Pavlovsky took part. shipyard who built the ship. During the departure, a volley was fired from the ship's cannons. The ship made a circle of honor and moored back to the pier at Admiralteyskaya Square. About 40 people worked on the ship in total. It took a little more than 3 years to create the ship from the moment of laying, while the original was built in the time of Peter the Great a little less than 1.5 years.
In addition to the existing existing copy historical ships there was another copy. A copy of the frigate "Holy Spirit".

A working copy of the historical Frigate "Holy Spirit"
The Polar Odyssey club and the Karelia-TAMP firm were recreated in 1992 at the Avangard shipyard.

According to historical fact, during the years of the Northern Russian-Swedish War of 1700-1721, two small frigates "Courier" and "Holy Spirit" in August 1702 were dragged along the "Sovereign" road 170 miles long through the Karelian forests and swamps. The movement of ships and troops overland from the White Sea to Lake Onega was part of a military-strategic operation to capture the Noteburg fortress at the source of the Neva.

The remake of the ship had the approximate dimensions of its historical prototype, carried 6 bronze cannons on board. But unlike the ships of the 17th century, the frigate was equipped with a 90-horsepower diesel engine.

The main technical data of the remake:
maximum length - 26.8 m
length according to design waterline - 17 m
width - 5.2 m
draft - 2.5 m
displacement - 90 t
sail area - 280 sq. m

In 1992 "Holy Spirit" took part in the festival of wooden boats in the city of Kotka (Finland) and on the Alan Islands.
In the same year, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation determined the status of the ship as a military-historical vessel of the Russian fleet and issued a certificate to the frigate for the right to raise the Andreevsky flag.

In 1993, the flagship of the Russian historical fleet "Holy Spirit" was recognized as the best ship of the naval parade in St. Petersburg.

In 1994, the frigate participates in the first international festival sailing ships in Karelia "Blue Onego-94".

But on October 20, 1994, the frigate "Holy Spirit" sank off the coast of Holland during a strong storm in the North Sea on its way to the festival in the city of Amsterdam.

Also, at the moment, the shipyard of the historical shipbuilding "Poltava" is engaged in the reconstruction of the first large battleship of the Baltic Fleet, launched in the St. Petersburg Admiralty in 1712 - "Poltava".
The construction of the original battleship of the 4th rank "Poltava" began in 1709 and ended in 1712, the construction lasted 3 years. Peter the Great took part in the design of the ship, and Fedosey Sklyaev supervised the construction.

A full-size replica of the ship "Poltava" was conceived in 2013, launching is planned for 2016.

In the summer of 2013, the midsection frame was laid, and the production of keel pieces and other frames began. The process was complicated by difficult weather conditions, it became clear that it was necessary to build a large hangar for the future ship. In early 2014, the hangar was completed and work accelerated. Soon the keel was laid, the first frames were installed. The set of the ship's hull and carved decorations are made of oak, the spars of the ship are made of pine, and the lining is planned to be made of larch. 54 cannons that will be installed on the ship "Poltava" are cast at the factory from cast iron according to the regulations of 1715.

The shipyard already employs more than 130 professionals with experience gained during the construction of the Shtandart frigate or at the Poltava shipyard.

On May 1, 2014, the shipyard solemnly opened its doors to visitors, it became possible to go on excursions and see how a real sailing ship of the Peter the Great era was being built. Today, the shipyard hosts daily tours, workshops and events on weekends.

A person's desire for scale and gigantism is due to various reasons. However, in recent years, more and more often this reason is a banal desire to stand out or become the owner of a record. Another thing is the times when sailing ships were the main type of maritime transport.

Today we will learn about the largest sailing ships in history. Moreover, we will measure in different ways and in different classes of ships.

The world's largest barque
The first place in size among the barges is the five-masted ship France II, launched back in 1912 and owned by France. A bark is a sailing vessel with a large (from three) number of masts, on which all the sails are straight, except for the stern. At the stern, the sails are slanting. The total length of the vessel "France II" was 146.2 meters. It set a considerable number of records for the speed of cargo delivery around the world. The ship sailed for 9 years, until in 1922 it ran aground off the coast of New Caledonia and was abandoned there. Later, the ship was finally destroyed during an American pilot exercise in 1944. In France, there is even a foundation that plans to restore the ship and return it to its homeland.

It was an extremely large sailing ship. The hull of the ship and its five masts were made of steel. The total sail area was 6350 m². The interior of the ship could satisfy even the most demanding taste: there was a large piano room, a photo lab, a library and several luxury cabins. In addition to a significant carrying capacity, the ship allowed wealthy passengers to travel in comfort and luxury.

The world's largest schooner
But the largest schooner was created in the USA in 1902. Moreover, the ship "Thomas W. Lawson" is the only one in history that had as many as seven masts. A schooner is a sailing vessel with two or more masts, the sails on which are all oblique. The maximum length of the ship "Thomas W. Lawson" is only 2 meters and 20 centimeters less than the record holder. The ship sailed safely with bulk cargo between the US and Canada for more than five years. And then he went to his first and last flight across the Atlantic. The ship was twice caught in a storm and ran into the coastal rocks. 17 crew members out of 19 were killed. It happened off the coast of England.

The largest sailing ship in operation
Of the sailing ships currently in operation, the Royal Clipper is the largest in the world. It was built in 2000 and is a cruise ship with a capacity of 227 passengers. The ship belongs to Luxembourg, although it was built in Poland and Germany. The maximum length of the vessel is 133.8 meters. The ship sails in the summer mediterranean sea and in the Caribbean in winter. In the off-season, it runs across the Atlantic Ocean.

The largest in the history of barquentine
The largest barquentine in history is the functioning Spanish ship "Juan Sebastión de Elcano". It was built back in 1927 and is still successfully sailing the sea. Of course, the ship was several times overhauled. However, its dimensions and main features remained the same. This four-masted ship with a forward straight sail and all the rest slanted (signs of a barquentine) is a considerable 113 meters long.

The world's largest yacht
And finally, we have the largest yacht in the world. We are not going to resolve this dispute, since there is still a competition between the Eos and Maltese Falcon yachts, which ship is the largest. We start from the maximum length data. And in this dispute, it is the Eos that wins due to the longer 10-meter bowsprit. The total length of this giant is 92.92 meters.

What else can be added to this list, well, for example:
British steamship Great Eastern (Great Eastern) - the original name of the Leviathan. The design of the vessel belongs to Isambard Brunel. The Great Eastern was launched in 1858, and until the very end of the 19th century it was not only the largest sailing ship, which, by the way, the ship is to this day, but also the most big ship in the world. The Great Eastern could carry up to 4,000 passengers and was many times larger than all existing ships of that time.

An interesting fact is that the 6 matches of the ship were named according to the days of the week - from Monday to Saturday.

Here is another sailing vessel Club Med 2 (ClubMed 2). The ship belongs to the French travel company ClubMed. The five-masted ship was launched in Le Havre (France) in 1992.

Club Med 2 is one of the largest sailing cruise ships in the world, he cruises the Mediterranean and Adriatic seas in summer and caribbean in winter time.

The bulk carrier Aqua City, built by the Surumi shipyard in Japan for Aqua City Maritime, is in fourth place today. The ship is 180 meters long and 26.30 meters wide. The vessel was created in 1980. Since 1990, the ship has changed owners and renamed several times. Now it is called Merida.

Uzuki Pioneer (Usuki Pioneer) is a Japanese bulk carrier with a combined engine and sails. Successfully worked from 1985 to 1995. Used to transport timber and grain. The length of the ship is 162.5 meters.

In 1995, the ship's sailing center was dismantled due to high maintenance costs and the need for frequent repairs.

A person's desire for scale and gigantism is due to various reasons. However, in recent years, more and more often this reason is a banal desire to stand out or become the owner of a record. Another thing is the times when sailing ships were the main type of maritime transport.

Today we have prepared for you a selection of the largest sailing ships in history. Moreover, we will measure in different ways and in different classes of ships.

The world's largest barque
The first place in size among the barges is the five-masted ship France II, launched back in 1912 and owned by France. A bark is a sailing vessel with a large (from three) number of masts, on which all the sails are straight, except for the stern. At the stern, the sails are slanting. The total length of the vessel "France II" was 146.2 meters. It set a considerable number of records for the speed of cargo delivery around the world. The ship sailed for 9 years, until in 1922 it ran aground off the coast of New Caledonia and was abandoned there. Later, the ship was finally destroyed during an American pilot exercise in 1944. In France, there is even a foundation that plans to restore the ship and return it to its homeland.

The world's largest schooner
But the largest schooner was created in the USA in 1902. Moreover, the ship "Thomas W. Lawson" is the only one in history that had as many as seven masts. A schooner is a sailing vessel with two or more masts, the sails on which are all oblique. The maximum length of the ship "Thomas W. Lawson" is only 2 meters and 20 centimeters less than the record holder. The ship sailed safely with bulk cargo between the US and Canada for more than five years. And then he went on his first and last voyage across the Atlantic. The ship was twice caught in a storm and ran into the coastal rocks. 17 crew members out of 19 were killed. It happened off the coast of England.

The largest sailing ship in operation
Of the sailing ships currently in operation, the Royal Clipper is the largest in the world. It was built in 2000 and is a cruise ship with a capacity of 227 passengers. The ship belongs to Luxembourg, although it was built in Poland and Germany. The maximum length of the vessel is 133.8 meters. The ship sails in the Mediterranean in summer and in the Caribbean in winter. In the off-season, it runs across the Atlantic Ocean.

The largest in the history of barquentine
The largest barquentine in history is the functioning Spanish ship "Juan Sebastián de Elcano". It was built back in 1927 and is still successfully sailing the sea. Of course, the ship was several times overhauled. However, its dimensions and main features remained the same. This four-masted ship with a forward straight sail and all the rest slanted (signs of a barquentine) is a considerable 113 meters long.

The world's largest yacht
And finally, we have the largest yacht in the world. We are not going to resolve this dispute, since there is still a competition between the Eos and Maltese Falcon yachts, which ship is the largest. We start from the maximum length data. And in this dispute, it is the Eos that wins due to the longer 10-meter bowsprit. The total length of this giant is 92.92 meters.

The co-owner of EuroChem, billionaire Andrey Melnichenko ordered the German shipbuilding company Nobiskrug to build a yacht that should become the largest sailing vessel in the world, its length will be 147 meters. According to CNBC, the new yacht will be named White Pearl (“White Pearl”) and will resemble the ship “Black Pearl” from the movie “Pirates of the Caribbean”. While the White Pearl is under construction, let's take a closer look at other impressive sailing boats that are privately owned.

A and White Pearl

eos

Maltese Falcon

Aquijo

Athena

M5 (ex Mirabella V)

Phocea

Atlantic

Vertigo

Hetairos

Ahimsa (ex Aglaia)