The main architectural sights of Russia. Pyramids of Giza, Cairo suburb, Egypt

Let's discuss together. Consider reproductions of paintings by artists of the XX century. Let's compare them.

In what pictures of nature and people are depicted, almost like in photographs?

About what kind of paintings can we say that the artist sees the world in a special way, in a different way?

Which paintings are landscapes, which are still lifes, and which are portraits?

In the pictures of A.A. Plastova and F.A. Malyavin nature and people are depicted, almost like in photographs.

About the painting by K.S. Malevich, we can say that the artist sees the world in a special way, in a different way.

The painting by I.E Grabar depicts a still life, K.S. Malevich and F.A. Malyavina - portraits, A.A. Plastova - landscape.

Exercise. Learn the excerpt "Accordion" from the poem by A.T. Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin". Prepare answers to the questions: why does the poet call the accordion an "orphan"? What do people remember when they listen to the accordion?

The accordion became an orphan because her master died. People listening to the accordion remember their home, family, family holidays, everything that connects with a peaceful life.

Architectural structures of the XX (20) century

Question. View photo architectural structures built in the XX (20) century. Compare them. What is the difference? Do they have similarities? Has the face of our capital changed in the 21st (21st) century?

Answer. It is immediately evident that these buildings are built of stone (brick). Their similarity is in somewhat elongated forms (columns, windows). The predominant colors are brown and white. Their difference is in height, volume, purpose.

The appearance of the capital in the XXI (21) century has changed. There were "skyscrapers", residential buildings of bright colors, a lot of glass, decorations.

Question. What architectural monuments of the 20th (20th) century are there in your region? Is the face of your region changing at present?

Answer. People's House in Chelyabinsk.

The oldest public institution in the city. The building was built in 1903 on the initiative of the Chelyabinsk county committee of guardianship and people's sobriety at its expense and donations from the townspeople.

The largest theatrical and concert hall, a public library-reading room and a tea room appeared in the building on the southern square. IN different time worked here first kindergarten, a museum of visual aids, a military hospital and other institutions.

Since 1917 it has been the center of the political life of the city.

After 1919, the building became a stage for various theater groups. Writers from L.N. took part in the speeches of one of them. Seifullin and V.V. pravdukhin.

1921 people's house was assigned to them by S.M. Zwilling. The building housed the Chelyabinsk Drama Theatre.

In 1934, the building was reconstructed specifically to accommodate the city theater.

From October 1941 to September 1942, a group of the Moscow Academic Maly Theater worked here.

Since 1982, the theater for young spectators has moved here.

Details of the historical appearance of the building were partially restored in 1986-88.

Monument of history (1960) and architecture of federal significance (1995).

Exercise. Work on the pronekt. Divide into groups, choose one of the topics, prepare messages, select illustrations, present the results of your work to everyone (defend the project). Project topics: “Artist A.A. Plastov. What are his paintings about? "The house in which I would like to live"; "My favorite poet of the 20th century"; "Poets and writers of the XX century - for children"; "My favorite music".

Arkady Alexandrovich Plastov (19 (31) .1.1893, village of Prislonikha, now Ulyanovsk region, - 12.5.1972, ibid) Soviet painter, People's Artist of the USSR (1962), full member of the USSR Academy of Arts (1947). After graduating from a theological school and a seminary, he studied at the Moscow Stroganov Central School of Industrial Art (1912-1914) and at the sculpture department of the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (1914-17) under S. M. Volnukhin (he also attended the classes of A.E. Arkhipova, A.M. Korina, A.S. Stepanova). Lived in his native village.

In the 1920s - early 1930s. worked mainly on political posters and illustrations for the works of Russian writers. Since 1935, Plastov painted mainly genre paintings (as well as portraits), imbued with deep knowledge and poetic perception of nature, the life of the Russian modern village and its people. With great penetration, Plastov glorified the noble labor and spiritual beauty of the Soviet peasant. Formed as an artist under the influence of the Wanderers and masters of the Union of Russian Artists, Plastov in his work continued and developed the traditions of Russian plein air genre painting of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. His works are characterized by an unconstrained simplicity of composition with the arrangement of large figures usually in the foreground and a major brightness of warm colors.

Works: "Collective farm herd" ("On the pasture"; 1938, Sverdlovsk Art Gallery); "Fascist flew by" (1942), "Haymaking" and "Harvest" (both - 1945; State Prize of the USSR, 1946) - all three in the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow; portrait of the carpenter Ivan Lobanov (1947, property of the artist's family, village of Prislonikha); a cycle of paintings "People of the collective farm village"; "Bonfire in the field" (1968-1969, Ulyanovsk regional Art Museum) and "From the Past" (1969, Tretyakov Gallery) - State Prize of the RSFSR. I.E. Repin (1972); illustrations for Chekhov's stories (watercolor, pencil, ink, whitewash, 1920-27, Literary Museum, Moscow), for the poem by N.A. Nekrasov "Frost, Red Nose" (published in 1949), to the story of L.N. Tolstoy "Kholstomer" (watercolor, gouache, 1952-54, Tretyakov Gallery). He was awarded 2 orders of Lenin, as well as medals. Plastov died in Prislonikha on May 12, 1972.

My favorite writer is A.S. Pushkin

When I was still very young and could not read, my mother often told me tales about a fisherman and a fish, about a priest and his worker Balda, about a sleeping princess, about Tsar Saltan. At that time I did not know who was the author of such interesting essays. And when I grew up a little, I found out that they were all written by the great poet and playwright of Russia Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. Now I reread my favorite fairy tales from childhood.

My favorite work by Pushkin is "At the Lukomorye, a green oak." I like this excerpt from Ruslan and Lyudmila so much that I learned it on my own back in the 1st grade.

It is surprising that the poet drew the plots for all the tales from the tales that his nanny Arina Rodionovna told him in childhood, to whom he had very tender feelings and dedicated many poems to her. Alexander, in fact, she raised herself. It was the nanny who contributed to the development of poetic talent in little Sasha. Thanks to her, Russia has this great, brilliant writer.

But Alexander Sergeevich is famous not only for fairy tales. He has many works of lyrical and tragic. The poet created a whole series of poems dedicated to the beauty of nature, especially touchingly he described his favorite season - autumn. "It's a sad time! Eyes of charm! ”,“ Autumn morning ”,“ Already the sky was breathing in autumn ”and many more others.

All the poems of the brilliant poet are light and pleasant to the ear, but at the same time, each is saturated with deep meaning and boundless love for the motherland, family values ​​and the world around.

For my short life, which was interrupted tragically in a duel, Pushkin made a fairly large contribution to the development of Russian creativity, literature and was able to convey the beauty of the Russian language. Centuries will pass, but his works will remain eternal and will be re-read and retold by the next generations.

Exercise. Remember children's poets. Prepare answers to the questions: who was called "grandfather Korney"? What works of this children's poet do you know? Who is the author of these lines: “Who was sitting on a bench, who was looking at the street ...? What is the name of this work? Who wrote the fairy tale "Twelve Months"?

Answer. Grandfather Korney was called Korney Chukovsky.

"Twelve months" was written by S. Marshak

Modern cities are made up of buildings of all styles, sizes, designs and shapes - from wooden one-story shacks to high-tech buildings that look like they stepped out of the pages of science fiction novels. Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol once said: "Architecture is also a chronicle of the world: it speaks when both songs and legends are already silent." We invite you to make brief digression on structures that have become real architectural milestones in the history of mankind.

1. Hal Saflieni, Paola City, Malta

This underground sanctuary (hypogeum) is one of the most ancient buildings on Earth: according to some estimates, its construction began about six thousand years ago. Initially, Khal-Saflieni was used as a temple, and then began to serve as a burial place - during excavations, archaeologists discovered the remains of more than seven thousand ancient inhabitants of these places.

2. Pyramids of Giza, a suburb of Cairo, Egypt

The pyramids on the Giza Plateau are the only creation of the ancient architects of the legendary Seven Wonders of the World that has survived to this day (strictly speaking, only the highest of them, the Pyramid of Khufu, better known as the Pyramid of Cheops, is classified as a Miracle).

No wonder the Arabs say: "The world is afraid of time, and time is afraid of the pyramids" - for about four thousand years, the pyramid of Khufu was the tallest building on the planet and still amazes the imagination with its majesty and grandeur. Its height is 146.5 meters, the pyramids of Khafre (Chephren) and Menkaure (Mykerin) are slightly lower - 136.4 meters and 62 meters, respectively.

3. Temple of Jupiter, Baalbek, Lebanon

The debate about how the Egyptians managed to build "hills" of huge boulders weighing 2.5 tons will probably never subside. However, the builders of the temple of Jupiter in ancient city Baalbek could give them a head start in terms of the size of the “bricks”: when building the temple, they used three blocks weighing 800 tons each, although there are smaller ones, “only” 350 tons each.

Two kilometers from the temple, archaeologists found a block called the "South Stone" - its weight reaches over 1000 tons, but for some reason the largest "brick" remained in the quarry.

4. Assyrian aqueduct near the village of Jervan, Iraq

It's hard to believe, but this masterpiece of Assyrian architects, built in 703-688 BC by order of King Sennacherib, is an ordinary water supply that provided water to the capital of the Assyrian Empire, Nineveh. The length of the most famous part of the aqueduct, made of limestone, is about 300 meters, and the height is about 10 meters, while the total length of the ancient water supply system is more than 80 km.

5. Machu Picchu, Peru

The amazing quality of the buildings in Machu Picchu is explained either by the skill of the masons, or, more likely, by the extreme cruelty of the foremen, who forced them to work the blocks with copper and bronze tools so that they fit very tightly to each other and stand without any bonding solution for hundreds of years.

6. Aqueducts of the Roman Empire

Rounded arches were invented in Mesopotamia about four thousand years ago, but they are known all over the world thanks to the Romans, who willingly used this architectural detail in the construction of their aqueducts.

The highest of the ancient Roman aqueducts that have survived to this day is the Pont du Gard, located on the territory modern France. The aqueduct, built in 40-66 AD, was part of the water supply system of the city of Nîmes, the height of the Pont du Gard is 47 meters and its length is 275 meters.

7 Alexandria Window Glass

The first transparent panes in human history appeared in Alexandria around 100 AD (some historians say they are at least 200 years older). One of the Roman glassblowers living in the city guessed to add manganese oxide to the glass mass, as a result of which such an innovative, as they would say now, architectural solution appeared.

8. Concrete domes of Roman temples

The huge stone domes used in many Christian churches were first created by the Romans after the invention of concrete.

The oldest example of the use of a concrete dome is the temple of Mercury, built between the 27th year BC and the 14th year after, during the reign of Emperor Augustus. The largest unreinforced concrete dome belongs to the Pantheon in Rome, completed in 127 AD.

9. Linen processing plant in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK

At first glance this ancient building unremarkable, but meanwhile he is respectfully called the “grandfather of skyscrapers”: when building a factory commissioned by the British entrepreneur Charles Badge, the architect and engineer William Strutt was one of the first in the world to use cast-iron beams and metal structures, which gave the structure unprecedented strength.

The construction of the factory was completed in 1797, and for many years its design became a model for the construction of many other industrial and residential buildings.

10. Suspension bridge over the Schuylkill River, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

One of the first in the world suspension bridges, designed by engineers Erskine Hazard and Josiah White, was the largest of them at the time of opening in 1816, however, it stood for only about a year.

11. Great Orangery Chatsworth House, Derbyshire, UK

The structure, designed by Joseph Paxton, the author of the famous Crystal Palace in London, was for some time the largest in the world. glass building: its length was 96.2 meters, the width was 37.5 meters, and the greenhouse reached a height of 20.4 meters.

Paxton, who served as a gardener at the residence of the Dukes of Devonshire, amazed the guests of the estate with his unprecedented fantastic designs, but many of them were too impractical: for example, to maintain the temperature in the greenhouse, eight boilers had to be built and 11 km of pipes laid. The Great Orangery cost Chatsworth House so much that it was demolished in 1923.

12. Four-story house, suburb of Paris, France

A nondescript, graffiti-covered building on one of the northern outskirts of Paris - real monument architecture, although it is hard to believe. Its creators, engineer Francois Coignet and architect Theodore Lachaise, were the first to use reinforced concrete as a building material, after which this practice became widespread.

13. Oriel Chambers, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK

Although the factory in Shrewsbury is called the “grandfather of skyscrapers”, this honorary epithet should rightfully belong to a building erected in 1864 by architect Peter Ellis: load-bearing steel structures with window panes fixed to them were first used in Oriel Chambers - this is the technology used to build a large some of the most tall buildings planets.

14. Insurance Company Building, Chicago, Illinois, USA

The 42-meter building, built according to the project of William Le Baron Jenney, one of the most respected representatives of the Chicago school of architecture, belongs to the building, for the first time, so to speak, "scraped the sky."

The construction of the world's first skyscraper was completed in 1885, and in 1891 two more were added to its ten floors, and the height increased from 42 meters to 54.9 meters.

The architect, apparently, did not trust the strength of the steel frame too much, so he placed the concern for the stability of the building also on the back load-bearing wall and granite columns. Unfortunately, the first skyscraper has not survived to our time - in 1931 the building was demolished.

15. Ingalls Building, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

Chicago is considered the birthplace of skyscrapers, but the world's first such structure made of reinforced concrete appeared in the city of Cincinnati in 1903. An unprecedented 15-story building 64 meters high was designed by the architectural bureau Elzner & Anderson for Melville Ingalls, one of the American financial tycoons of the early 20th century. The skyscraper has survived to the present and is included in the list of objects world heritage UNESCO.

16. Villa Savoy, Poissy, France

A small country villa, built in 1931 by the famous Le Corbusier, the founder of modernism in building design, is considered the epitome of his "Five starting points modern architecture”, formulating the basic principles of the Art Nouveau style. These include a flat roof, pillars, horizontal windows, free planning and a free facade - the supports are not located outside the house, but in any way, external walls can also be any.

17. Solar House No. 1, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

Employees of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, led by Hoyt Hottel, in 1939 built a building on the territory of the Institute, completely heated by solar energy. Later, several more similar houses were created for scientific purposes, and the first commercial building, heated exclusively by the sun, appeared in Albuquerque, New Mexico, in 1956, it was designed by Frank Bridgers and Donald Paxton.

18. Echoviren, California, USA

In August this year, a team of Californian architects completed the construction of the world's first building, all building materials for which are made using 3D printing. Of course, it is difficult to call it a building, rather it is something like a small hut: its dimensions are 3 × 3 × 2.4 meters.

The project was named Echoviren - in honor of one of the rare species of redwoods, because the structure of the walls of the 3D hut resembles the cellular structure of the fibers of this tree. It took about 10,800 hours to manufacture its 585 components in total: for two months, seven 3D printers worked almost around the clock, and assembled the “building” in just four days.

Archaeological finds, as a rule, allow scientists to get very detailed information about the past. But it happens that scientists themselves become stumped, because they cannot explain either the origin or the purpose of the artifacts. In our review of 10 amazing architectural objects found by archaeologists in different parts of the world.

1. Templar Buildings (Malta and Gozo)

The Templars lived on the islands of Malta and Gozo in the Mediterranean Sea for 1100 years (from 4000 to 2900 BC), and then simply disappeared without a trace, leaving behind only amazing structures. As far as modern archaeologists can tell, neither invasion nor famine or disease caused their disappearance. It can be argued that these mysterious people were obsessed with the construction of stone temple complexes - about 30 of them were found on 2 small islands. Researchers found numerous evidence of sacrifices and complex rituals in these temples, as well as an abundance phallic symbols.

3. Etruscan underground pyramids (Italy)

In 2011, archaeologist Claudio Bizzarri stumbled upon Etruscan pyramids under a medieval Italian city Orvieto. Archaeologists first noticed the Etruscan-style steps that were carved into the wall of the wine cellar and went down. After the excavations, a tunnel was discovered that led to a room with walls inclined upwards. Continuing to descend, archaeologists discovered Etruscan ceramics from the 5th-6th centuries BC, a number of other artifacts, whose age was more than 3000 years, and about 150 inscriptions in the Etruscan language. During the excavations, it was discovered that the steps lead even lower, into another tunnel leading to another underground pyramid. Excavations are still ongoing.

4 Ancient Tundra (Greenland)

Until recently, geologists believed that glaciers during their movement play the role of a kind of skating rink, which "erases" plants and soil layers from the surface. act as forces of erosion, clearing away everything they move along from plants and soil to the top layer of bedrock. But now, scientists have to rethink this theory, because under a 3 km thick glacier, tundra has been discovered in its original form. Plants and soil have been frozen for over 2.5 million years.

5. Lost Temple of Musasir (Iraq)

In Kurdistan in northern Iraq locals recently found real archaeological treasures dating back to the Iron Age (more than 2500 years ago). Quite by chance, they discovered the bases of the pillars (of the supposedly lost Musashira Temple), as well as other artifacts, including life-size statues of people and a goat. Statues are believed to have been an important part of burial rituals in the Urartu civilization. Further excavation is not safe, as the region is full of unexploded mines from past border conflicts.

6. Palace of the Han Dynasty (Siberia)

When Soviet workers were laying a road near the Mongolian border, they accidentally unearthed a foundation ancient palace in close proximity to the city of Abakan. Archaeologists had completely excavated the site by 1940, but were never able to solve the mystery of the ruins. The age of the ruins of a huge palace with an area of ​​​​about 1500 square meters was determined at 2000 years. However, the palace was built in the style of the Chinese Han Dynasty, which ruled from 206 BC. to 220 AD The catch is that the palace was located right on enemy territory, controlled at that time by the nomadic people of the Xiongnu. Xiongnu raids were so constant that it was to protect against them that the Great Wall of China was built.

7 Seven Provincial Pyramids (Egypt)

In southern Egypt, near the ancient settlement of Edfu, archaeologists have discovered a step pyramid that is several decades older than the Great Pyramid of Giza. Built 4,600 years ago, this three-tiered pyramid belongs to a group of seven "provincial pyramids" that were made from blocks of sandstone and mud mortar. The pyramid of Edfu is only 5 meters high, although earlier its height was about 13 meters. Six of the seven pyramids are nearly identical in size and do not contain internal chambers, so they were not intended to be used as tombs. Their purpose is still unknown.

8. Magical sanctuaries (Armenia)

During excavations in 2003-2011 of the Armenian fortress in the city of Gegharot, archaeologists discovered three sanctuaries, whose age is about 3,300 years. They are believed to have been used for divination, and with the help of these shrines local rulers predicted their future. In the center of each temple, which consisted of one room, there was an earthen basin filled with ash, as well as ceramic vessels.

9 Buddhist Temple (Bangladesh)

A recent archaeological discovery may reveal the early life of Atish Dipankar, a revered Buddhist saint who was born in Bangladesh over 1,000 years ago. In the district of Munshingage, the ruins of a Buddhist city and temple, which are about 10 centuries old, were discovered. Scientists believe that it was in this temple that Dipankar taught his followers before he left for Tibet.

10. Tel Burna (Israel)

In southern Israel, archaeologists have discovered an Iron Age site and numerous artifacts that have led to the assumption that Tel Burna is actually the biblical city of Livna - one of the places where the Israelites stopped during the Exodus, when Moses led them out of Egypt. If this assumption is correct, then Tel Burna is part of the Kingdom of Judah, which also included Jerusalem.

Mysterious artifacts is not only among the monuments of architecture. Today there is at least .

We have selected for you some amazing buildings across Russia: from the temple of all religions in Kazan to an upside down house near Gelendzhik. Finance

"Flat House", Nizhny Novgorod

From the front side, this house looks like an ordinary building that fits well into the architectural appearance. Nizhny Novgorod. But to be surprised, you need to choose the right angle. If you look at the house a little from the side, there is an illusion that it has no volume and its width is about a meter. It turns out a mystical effect, so the locals call the building a “wall house”.

In fact, the design is based on the principle optical illusion. The courtyard part of the house looks normal, except that it is made in the form of a triangle and is not visible from the facade.

There are several versions of the appearance of the "flat house". The most plausible of them is that the land allotted for its construction was of such a shape that the architect had to make one of the corners of the house sloping. Several such houses also exist in Moscow, St. Petersburg and, one of the most famous among tourists, in Odessa.

Factory kitchen, Samara

The factory-kitchen is one of the main monuments of the Soviet era in Samara. The scale of the architects' idea is surprising - the building was built in 1932 in the form of a symbol of the unity of workers and peasants. She also talks about the functionality - the factory-kitchen was created at the Maslennikov defense plant so that the workers free time carried out in a team.

As planned by the designers, the “hammer” housed the kitchen, and the “sickle” housed the dining room. As planned, the service was supposed to be partially automated - food was delivered from the kitchen to the dining room by conveyors. For several reconstructions, the Hammer and Sickle changed, lost many avant-garde elements. In the zero years, they even wanted to demolish the building, but now, it seems, its fate is safe - the third reconstruction has taken place, and it is planned that the Hammer and Sickle will become a branch State Center modern culture in the Volga region.

Trade complex "Barcode", St. Petersburg

Facade shopping complex- a variation on the theme of a commodity barcode - one of the symbols of the modern market economy. The architects treated the surface of the building with care - this is not a monotonous cheap material, but smalt - a mosaic structure made of colored opaque glass. The windows are also unusual for a shopping center and are made in stained glass style.

Initially, the "Barcode" was supposed to become a complex - the architects wanted to build a similar building opposite, and, perhaps, they would have been connected by a common passage, but the idea has not yet materialized. The building has fans - designer Artemy Lebedev admitted that Petersburgers were lucky with him.

Hotel "Tarelka", Dombay Mountains

The hotel is located in Karachay-Cherkessia and is not located in locality, but right on the slopes of Mount Dombay, at an altitude of more than two kilometers above sea level. Its design imitates a flying saucer that has landed on a mountain, and the interior of the hotel is also stylized as a futuristic aircraft.

She started working in 1979, now it is a favorite place for tourists and fans of extreme sports. Firstly, this is a popular place for selfies, and secondly, a convenient location for skiers - "Plate" is located close to the ski lifts.

Ring house, Stanovaya village, Sverdlovsk region

Architect Asfan Khismatullin built a house for himself in an unusual round shape and immediately received the nickname “Lord of the Rings” in the local press.

During the design of the building, several problems arose - the original idea turned out to be too optimistic, and some details of the building had to be adjusted to the requirements real life. At three hundred meters of this house there are several bedrooms, a living room, a bathhouse, the entire top floor is arranged as an atrium, and panoramic windows instead of windows resemble a trendy open space office, not a country house.

Temple of all religions, Kazan

Despite the name, services are not held here, and the building was conceived by the architect and sculptor Ildar Khanov as a symbol of the peaceful neighborhood of Orthodoxy, Islam, Judaism and other religions. In total, the project provides for domes and other iconic elements of sixteen world religions, including those that have already disappeared - for example, ancient Assyrian. The last dome can be considered a symbol of scientism - there will be a small observatory with a telescope.

The complex, which is located eleven kilometers from Kazan, also houses a theater, a concert hall, and a children's conservatory. However, despite the fact that the temple has been under construction for more than 15 years, the project has not yet been completed; after the death of Ildar Khanov, his future remains in doubt, and tourists are reluctantly allowed into the territory of this amazing building.

Truck shop, Kostroma

The peculiarity of the Kostroma supermarket for cars is that it is very similar to a real truck - only several times larger. Its dimensions are thirteen meters high, twenty meters wide and twelve wide.

“They drove a truck to us and told us to do the same thing, only ten times more,” the designers joke: bumpers and radiator grilles, a huge muffler, a gas tank, and even preserved details like a rear-view mirror can inspire the idea that soon a huge driver. Otherwise, it's quite general store, the main thing is not to confuse the order of actions. In order to enter inside, you do not need to try to get to the cabin handle, truck wheels are stylized under the doors.

Globus Theatre, Novosibirsk

This rather unexpected theater building was built in the 70s of the XX century. Architects have applied many innovative techniques, the most radical of them is the change traditional project theater with one hall and a high stage. This influenced appearance buildings - the stage box, the architects gave an unusual shape, abandoning the existing compositions. Even now, this building looks quite modern and resembles a rather futuristic indoor football stadium.

Selpo, Zvizzhi village, Kaluga region

Attraction that got small village after the festival "Archstoyanie" - sculptor Nikolai Polissky radically rethought the abandoned building of the village shop and canteen. It was decided to strengthen the dilapidated structure with metal rods, and on them to string several layers of wooden bars, which are not completely fixed - they can be moved and twisted.

After reconstruction, a new building with a wooden texture appeared on the site of an abandoned building, which became more like a lost temple of an ancient civilization.

House upside down, Kabardinka village, Krasnodar Territory

Perhaps the most unusual house in terms of architectural design on our list is located on Black Sea coast in the village of Kabardinka. This is a two-story country house-shifter. But contrary to foreign analogues, inside this house the entire interior is also turned upside down: chairs, tables, carpets, a bathroom and a sink are on the ceiling.

Which is logical, the only element in the building that is not upside down is the stairs that lead to the house. Judging by the photographs of tourists who visit this place from time to time, it is quite fun and unusual to stay there for an hour or two, but living in such a house is most likely simply impossible.