The Arabian Sea refers to which ocean. Bottom relief and bottom sediments

It is semi-closed. It is bounded by peninsulas: from the east by Hindustan, from the west - Arabian Peninsula. From the south, the sea has a conditional border.

The area of ​​the sea is approximately 4832 thousand square kilometers. The sea is one of the largest in the world. The depth reaches 5803 meters. The bottom is mainly covered with biogenic silt. The sea has coral islands.

The Indus River flows into.

The coasts of the sea are indented with bays and bays. Most significant bays: Kutch, Omani, Aden and Cambay.

The sea is divided into two huge basins: Arabian and Somali. The bottom of the basins is covered with red clay.

There are few islands in the sea, the largest of them are the Laccadive Islands and Socotra.

The climate of the sea is monsoonal and tropical. Due to the prevailing northeasterly winds in winter, weather in the Arabian Sea clear but cool. In summer, southwest winds blow, so the weather is humid and very cloudy. Almost all year round, except for winter, typhoons very often pass. The temperature in winter reaches 27 degrees, and in summer up to 29 degrees Celsius. IN summer time precipitation in the east reaches 3000 mm, and in the west - 125 mm.

The value of semi-diurnal tides reaches 5.1 meters. In winter, the currents are directed to the west, and in summer to the east. Salinity in the sea does not exceed 36‰.

In the Arabian Sea there are oil fields.

It has many ports, the main ones being Bombay in India, Aden in Yemen and Karachi in Pakistan.

IN Arabian Sea fishery is well developed. There are about 100 species of commercial fish in the Arabian Sea. Among the fish world are: sardinella, sailboats, swordfish, dugong, etc.

Among other titles Arabian Sea: Eritrean, Indo-Arabic, Persian, Green and Omani.

IN Arabian Sea fishing competitions are often held.

This is the marginal sea of ​​the great Northern Arctic Ocean. It was named by polar explorer Adolphus Washington Greeley in honor of Robert Todd Lincoln (son of the sixteenth US President Abraham Lincoln, America's Secretary of War). The expedition, during which the Lincoln Sea was first explored, took place in 1881-1884.
The Lincoln Sea washes northern shores Ellesmere Islands and Greenland Islands. Its borders are marked [...]

The Arabian Sea is the former Persian Sea, full of monsoon winds, with an interesting shelf, soft water and rich fauna.

Arabian Sea - geographical information

The Arabian Sea in the entire history of a person's stay there has changed more than one name. In addition to the current Arabian, his different times called the Omani, Indo-Arabian, Green and Persian Seas. Geographically, the Arabian Sea is located in the northwestern part, adjacent to.

Relief of the bottom of the Arabian Sea

The Carlsberg Ridge divides the bottom of the Arabian Sea into two large sections, the maximum depth of which reaches more than 3600 meters. The ridge after the division of the bottom forms two basins. The first is Arabian. Max Depth it reaches about 5300 meters. The second is Somali. In the south of the seabed, it connects with the Madagascar and Mascarene depressions. The average depth of the rapids exceeds 3600 meters. The most deep point The Somali basin exceeds the mark of 4600 meters.
The Carlsberg Ridge has an average depth of 1800-3600 meters. Depth marks exceeding 3600 meters are noted on the mid-ocean ridge, in its central part. There is a rift valley.

The continental shelf is located near the southern ones, the average width of which is 120 kilometers, and the depth does not exceed 220 meters. Closer to the north, the width of the shelf decreases to 56 km, but near the Gulf of Cambay it expands again and becomes 352 km wide. The average depth in this area does not exceed 90 meters. The bottom on this shelf is covered with sand, sometimes you can find silt. Further to Karachi, the shelf is covered with silt almost everywhere, and its width is more than 185 kilometers. Off the Maracana coast, the width of the shelf does not exceed 37 km. It is also covered with silt and sand.

In the Gulf of Oman there is a shelf that is covered with mixed sand and silt. There is also the Oman Basin, the depth of which exceeds the mark of 1800 meters. This basin smoothly turns into a trench, which extends along the Maracan coast.

Flora and fauna of the sea

The flora and fauna of the Arabian Sea is quite diverse. Flora is mainly represented by kelp, brown and red algae. The fauna represents more than a hundred different species of fish for fishing, shrimp, crabs, lobsters. You can also meet clown fish, angel fish, gobies, triggerfish, lionfish, sardinelas and many others.

The Arabian Sea is located between the Arabian and Hindustan Peninsulas. Its area is 3683 thousand km2 and most of the sea is one of the oceanic depressions indian ocean. Therefore, the Arabian Sea is very deep, its average depth is 2734 m, and the maximum is 5203 m. The Arabian Sea has large bays- Aden, which through the strait connects the Arabian and Red Seas, the Gulf of Oman and, connected to it by the Strait of Hormuz, the Persian Gulf. Fishing is developed in the Arabian Sea - there are more than 100 species of commercial fish, including sardines, tuna, marlin, sailboats, mackerel.

The fisheries for shrimp, crabs and lobsters are important. There are several types of sharks in the local waters, including mako, blacktip reef shark, tiger, blue and blunt sharks. Even swimming in shallow water, these sharks, as a rule, do not attack people, on the contrary, when they meet a person, they try to retreat faster. People here are much more dangerous for sharks, because for the sake of edible fins that are exported, sharks in the Arabian Sea are hunted in huge quantities.

Fans of sport fishing or scuba diving are well aware of another inhabitant of local waters - a giant grouper from the Serran family. This huge (2.5 m, 400 kg) fish lives in warm coastal waters and leads a solitary lifestyle, hunting lobsters, crabs, rays, young turtles and various fish. Groupers tend to stick to their own territory, which is bound to have some kind of cave or crevice large enough for the grouper to take refuge in. Adult groupers, due to their impressive size, have no enemies in nature, so they are clumsy and slow. It is the slowness of the grouper that makes it such a desirable prey for amateur fishermen, and divers love to swim next to the good-natured giant. True, as with any wild animal, one must be on the alert with a grouper - there have been cases when these fish have attacked scuba diving enthusiasts and inflicted serious and even fatal wounds.

A unique representative of the herring family lives in the Arabian Sea - dorab. This largest of all herrings (I m, 4 kg) does not form large schools, like other herrings, but is found singly or in small groups. Dorabs are also called toothy herring or wolf herring for two large, protruding upper teeth resembling wolf fangs. Such teeth give out an active predator in the dorab - and indeed, unlike most herrings that feed on plankton, dorab prey on fish and crustaceans. Dorab is a fairly common fish, and its meat has an excellent taste, so locals often deliver wolf herring to their table.

Sea resorts are very popular among tourists. One of the most popular resort facilities is the Arabian Sea. There are many reasons for this: excellent beaches with clean sand, excellent infrastructure, modern entertainment, proximity to various attractions and architectural monuments. Holidays by the Arabian Sea will give you many pleasant experiences.

Geographical position of the Arabian Sea

The waters of the Arabian Sea are located in the basin of the same name in the Indian Ocean. The boundaries of the Arabian Sea are clearly traced along appearance bottom and coast. Finding the Arabian Sea on the map will not be a problem, it is located in the northwest of the Indian Ocean.

You can track where the waters of the sea end by certain geographical objects. On the western border is the Somali Peninsula, on the east - the Maldives Range, on the south - the Arabian-Indian Range, on the north - the Hindustan Peninsula. This says that different parts of the Arabian coast have their own interesting places for relax.

The depth of the sea in some parts reaches 5,000 meters, on average it varies from 1,500 to 2,000 meters above the peaks of the ridge and from 3,000 to 4,000 meters in the rift gorges. The average depth is 3,006 meters. This makes the waters of the sea in demand among drivers and various researchers. sea ​​depths.

The area of ​​the sea is 4.2 million km2, the volume is 14 million km3. Despite such characteristics, the Arabian coast and the sea have been fully explored, all the mysteries of the sea depths have been solved.

Climatic conditions

The demand for the waters of the Arabian Sea for tourism is due to suitable climatic conditions. The sea is in the zone tropical climate, this applies to all its parts. All the time the temperature on the Arabian coast does not fall below 20 degrees Celsius. In winter, it ranges from 22 to 26, and in summer - from 26 to 30 degrees.

The water temperature of the Arabian Sea has significant differences in different parts, sometimes they reach 12 degrees. At the same time, conditions remain comfortable everywhere: the water temperature off the coast of Somalia is 20 degrees, Arabian Peninsula— 25. In the open part of the sea, the water temperature sometimes reaches 30 degrees.

If you look at the Arabian Sea on a map, you will find that it is located in an area with interesting fauna. In different parts of the sea, waters can contain different living creatures, but most of the distribution species cover not only the Arabian Sea, but also most Indian Ocean.

The largest gulfs are: in the west the Gulf of Adenconnecting to the Red Sea through the Bab el-Mandeb Strait and in the northwest the Gulf of Omanconnecting to the Persian Gulf. On the coast of India, the largest are the Gulf of Cambay and the Gulf of Kutch.

Somalia, Djibouti, Yemen, Oman, Iran, Pakistan, India and the Maldives are located on the shores of the Arabian Sea. Largest cities- Karachi, Aden, Muscat, Mumbai, Kochi, etc.

Description of boundaries

• In the West. Eastern boundary of the Gulf of Aden [Meridian of Cape Guardafui (Ras Asir, 51°16′ E)].
• In the north. A line connecting Cape El Hadd, the eastern point of the Arabian Peninsula (22°32′ N), and Cape Jivani (61°43′ E) on the coast of Pakistan.
• On South. A line drawn from the extreme southern point of Addu Atoll (Maldives) to the extreme eastern point Cape Ras Hafun (Africa, 10°26′ N).
• In the east. Western boundary of the Laccadive Sea [A line drawn from Sadashivgad to west coast India ( 14°48′ N. sh. 74°07′ E d. /  14.800° N sh. 74.117° E d. / 14.800; 74.117 (G) (I)) to the island of Kora Divkh ( 13°42′ N. sh. 72°10′ E d. /  13.700° N sh. 72.167° E d. / 13.700; 72.167 (G) (I)) and then down along the western side of the Laccadive and Maldives to the extreme southern point Addu Atoll in the composition Maldives].

Name

The Arabian Sea was known to European and Arab navigators under various names: erythraean sea , Sea of ​​Sindhu(Sindhu Sagar), green sea, Sea of ​​Oman, Persian Sea And Indo-Arab Sea .

Oceanography

bottom structure

The Murray Range also extends southwest to the Carlsberg Range. Along Arabian coast The Indian shelf stretches in a narrow strip. The bottom is covered with sand, mainly of terrigenous or eolian origin. The shelf is approximately 37 km across Gulf of Aden at the entrance to the Red Sea, where it is cut through by a channel with a depth of more than 183 m.

The continental slope to a depth of 2750 m is covered with terrigenous sediments, the basins are covered with red clay. The bottom relief was formed in the Mesozoic-Cenozoic, a significant part - in the Pliocene.

physical oceanography

The tides are irregular, semi-diurnal, up to 5.1 m high. Surface currents are westward in winter and eastward in summer. The temperature of the surface layer of water in winter is +22-+27 °C, in summer +23-+28 °C with a maximum of +29 °C in May. Salinity during the southwest monsoon is less than 35 ‰, during the northeast monsoon - more than 36 ‰. Under the influence of the deep waters of the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf in the Arabian Sea at a depth of up to 1500 m, the temperature is above +5 ° C, salinity exceeds 35 ‰.

Islands

There are several large islands in the Arabian Sea. The largest Socotra (Yemen), Masirah (Oman), Astola (Pakistan).

Island Astola, also known as Jezira Haft Talar(Urdu جزیرہ ہفت تلار ) or "Island of the Seven Mountains", - a small desert island at northern border Arabian Sea in Pakistani territorial waters. he is popular destination for ecotourism. A place to watch sea turtles. It is home to such rare species as the Green Sea Turtle ( Chelonia mydas) and bissa ( Eretmochelys imbracata) that lay their eggs on the beach and cliffs. The island is home to endemic native vipers ( Echis carinatus astolae).

Socotra(arab. سُقُطْرَى ‎ Suquṭra) - largest island. component small archipelago of four islands. Located 240 km from the Horn of Africa and 380 km south of the Arabian Peninsula. A third of the plants found on the island grow only here.

Masirah(arab. مصيرة ‎) - an island at east coast Oman. Key industries are fishing and traditional textile production. Previously, shipbuilding was important. The rugged surface of the island and the adjacent coast has caused many shipwrecks. Dry climate and salty sea ​​water secured the wreckage of the dhows. The area of ​​the island is very productive, any solid surface in the coastal waters (barrel engines) is immediately overgrown with representatives of the local fauna.

Write a review on the article "Arabian Sea"

Notes

An excerpt characterizing the Arabian Sea

Pierre did not manage to choose a career for himself in St. Petersburg and, indeed, was exiled to Moscow for riot. The story told at Count Rostov's was true. Pierre participated in tying the quarter with a bear. He arrived a few days ago and stayed, as always, at his father's house. Although he assumed that his story was already known in Moscow, and that the ladies surrounding his father, who were always unfriendly to him, would take advantage of this opportunity to annoy the count, he nevertheless went to half his father on the day of his arrival. Entering the drawing room, the usual residence of the princesses, he greeted the ladies who were sitting at the embroidery frame and at the book, which one of them was reading aloud. There were three. The eldest, clean, long-waisted, strict girl, the same one who went out to Anna Mikhailovna, was reading; the younger ones, both ruddy and pretty, differing from each other only in that one had a mole above her lip, which made her very pretty, sewed in a hoop. Pierre was greeted as dead or plagued. The eldest princess interrupted her reading and silently looked at him with frightened eyes; the youngest, without a mole, assumed exactly the same expression; the smallest, with a mole, of a merry and humorous disposition, stooped down to the embroidery frame to hide a smile, caused, probably, by the upcoming scene, the amusingness of which she foresaw. She pulled down the hair and bent down, as if sorting out the patterns and barely holding back her laughter.
“Bonjour, ma cousine,” said Pierre. - Vous ne me hesonnaissez pas? [Hello cousin. You don't recognize me?]
“I know you too well, too well.
How is the Count's health? May I see him? Pierre asked awkwardly, as always, but not embarrassed.
“The Count suffers both physically and morally, and it seems that you took care to inflict more moral suffering on him.
May I see the count? Pierre repeated.
“Hm!.. If you want to kill him, kill him completely, you can see. Olga, go and see if the broth is ready for the uncle, the time will soon be, ”she added, showing Pierre that they are busy and busy reassuring his father, while he is obviously busy only upsetting.
Olga left. Pierre stood for a moment, looked at the sisters, and, bowing, said:
- So I'll go to my place. When you can, tell me.
He went out, and the sonorous but quiet laughter of the sister with the mole was heard behind him.
The next day, Prince Vasily arrived and settled in the count's house. He called Pierre to him and said to him:
- Mon cher, si vous vous conduisez ici, comme a Petersbourg, vous finirez tres mal; c "est tout ce que je vous dis. [My dear, if you behave here as in Petersburg, you will end up very badly; I have nothing more to tell you.] The count is very, very sick: you don’t need to see him at all.
Since then, Pierre has not been disturbed, and he spent the whole day alone upstairs in his room.
While Boris entered him, Pierre walked around his room, occasionally stopping in the corners, making threatening gestures to the wall, as if piercing an invisible enemy with a sword, and sternly looking over his glasses and then starting his walk again, pronouncing obscure words, shaking shoulders and arms outstretched.