Coast of Azov with cities and towns. Sea of Azov on the map of Russia. Rest in the resorts of the coast. Where to stay in Yeysk

The Sea of Azov on the map is a semi-enclosed area of the Atlantic Ocean. The object is located in the eastern part of Europe. Two countries have the Sea of Azov on their territory - Ukraine and the Russian Federation.

general information

The Sea of Azov is considered the smallest in the world. His maximum depth- no more than thirteen and a half meters, and the average (according to various estimates) - within 6.8-8 m. In the area where the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov is located, there are other objects connecting the water area with Atlantic Ocean. Among them, the Straits of Kerch and Gibraltar, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles should be noted. In addition, the Mediterranean, Aegean and Black Seas are the connecting links.

Story

Previously, in antiquity, where the Sea of Azov is now, there was no water. The filling of the water area presumably began in 5600 BC. e. At that time, it flowed into the Black Sea directly in the area of \u200b\u200bthe current Kerch Strait. In the area where the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov is located, there are different settlements. The names of many of them came from the name of the reservoir. For example, the villages of Priazovskaya and Azovskaya, the city of Azov, which is located in the lower reaches of the river. Don, Novoazovsk and others.

Name

In ancient times, different nationalities called the water area in their own way. It should be said that the sea was renamed quite a few times. Until today, the exact origin of the name has not been established. There are several hypotheses on the etymology of the original word "azov":

named after Prince Azum, who was killed in 1067;
by the name of the tribe "Assy", which, in turn, came presumably from Avestan and means "fast";
in Circassian "uzev", which means "neck";
according to the Turkic word "azan" - "lower".

Even in the distant I century. n. e. in his writings, Pliny, listing the Scythian tribes, speaks of the settlement of the "Asoki". The name is similar to the word "azov". It is believed that the modern name of the water area began to be used in Russian toponymy from the beginning of the 17th century, thanks to the chronicler Pimen. At the same time, it must be said that initially not the entire Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov received the name (on the map of Russia, not far from the one that received the name, the city of Taganrog is located today). And only by the 2nd half of the 18th century the name was assigned to the entire water area.

Research

The history of the study of the area where the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov is located is conventionally divided into several stages.

Geographical (ancient), which lasted from the time of Herodotus until the beginning of the 19th century.
Geological and geographical. It lasted from the 19th century until the 40s of the 20th century.
Complex. This period began in the middle of the 20th century and continues to this day.

Claudius Ptolemy compiled the first map. Ukraine as such did not exist then, and the position of the reservoir itself relative to other objects was not entirely clear. Ptolemy established the first geographical coordinates for cities, bays and capes. Subsequently, Gleb Svyatoslavovich, who ruled in 1068 in Tmutarakan, measured the distance from Kerch to Taman on ice. It was about 20 kilometers at that time. Already from the 12th-14th centuries, the Venetians and Genoese began to draw up maps and sailing directions of the Azov and Black Seas.

Geographical position

The area where the Sea of Azov is located lies between 45°12′30″ and 47°17′30″ N. sh. and 33°38′ and 39°18′ E. e. The maximum length of the reservoir reaches 380 kilometers, and the width is 200 kilometers. The coastline has a length of 2686 km, the surface of the water area covers an area of 37,800 square meters. km (this figure does not include spits and islands, which are distributed over an area of 107.9 sq. km). In accordance with morphological features, the object is classified as a flat sea. The reservoir is considered shallow, with low slopes of the coast. The Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov (this is clearly visible on the map of Russia) is quite remote from the ocean. In this regard, the object belongs to the group of continental water bodies. In winter, the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov can completely or partially freeze. The ice is carried out along Kerch Strait. Usually, ice formation begins in January. In cold years, it can happen a month earlier.

Bathymetry

The place where the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov is located is distinguished by a relatively simple underwater relief. In the course of moving away from the coast, a smooth and slow increase in depth occurs. In the central part of the water area, they reach 13 meters. Here the depths are maximum. The location of the isobaths, close to symmetrical, violates their slight elongation towards the northeast towards the Taganrog Bay. Approximately two kilometers from the coast there is an isobath of 5 meters. It moves away from and near the mouth of the Don River. In this area, the depths increase towards the open part of the reservoir. At the border of the sea and the bay, they reach eight to nine meters. The bottom relief is distinguished by the presence of systems of underwater hills. They are stretched along the western (Arabatskaya and Morskaya banks) and eastern (Zhelezinskaya bank) coasts. The depths above them decrease from 8-9 to 3-5 meters. The coastal underwater slope on the northern coast is characterized by fairly wide shallow water. Here the depth is 6-7 m. South coast characterized by a steep underwater slope. Depths in this area are 11-13 meters. Seashores are generally sandy and flat. In the southern section, however, you can find hills that have volcanic origin, and in places passing into advanced steep mountains.

The catchment area in the basin is about 586,000 sq. km. km. The currents depend on the wind strong winds northeast and southwest directions. The main movement occurs along the coast. Its direction is counter-clockwise.

Temperature regime

Shallow water bodies are characterized by large seasonal temperature variability. In winter, the figures reach a minimum. In January-February, the values are close to the freezing point. In the southern part of the reservoir, not far from the Kerch Strait, the thermometer rises above zero. The temperature amplitude per year is +27.5 ... +28.5 degrees. IN summer time quite uniform indicators are observed over the entire surface of the sea - from +24 to +26 degrees. In July, in some areas (for example, such as the sea, it warms up to a maximum of +28 ... +28.5 degrees. The highest temperature was recorded in Primorsko-Akhtarsk. It was +32.5 degrees. As for the long-term average annual temperature, then on the surface it is within 11 °C. Interannual fluctuations in this case are of the order of one degree.

Salinity

The Sea of Azov has hydrochemical features. They are formed mainly under the influence of abundant river inflow (about 12% of the total water volume). In addition, there is a somewhat difficult water exchange with the Black Sea. Before the regulation of the Don, the salinity of the reservoir under consideration was lower than that of the ocean. three times. The indicators varied from 1 ppm at the mouth of the river to 10.5 in the central part and up to 11.5 in the area of the Kerch Strait. began to rise after the construction of the Tsimlyansk hydroelectric complex. By 1977, the averages had risen to 13.8 ppm, the figures were slightly lower - 11.2. During relatively high humidity, a rapid decrease in salinity was observed. It was 10.9 ‰ in that period. However, by 2000, the figures rose again, stabilizing at 11 ‰. It should be said that there is little salt in the northern part of the reservoir, in contrast to the area adjacent to Crimea. The Sea of Azov (a map showing the location of the facility is presented below) in this area is rich in self-planting salt. It has been mined since antiquity. Until the end of the 19th century, salt from this area provided almost half of Russia's needs. Greatest value salinity of water reaches in solution - brine of Sivash and other lakes. This is due to intense evaporation from the water surface in summer. All of these hypersaline areas represent the large renewable mineral salt deposits for which the Sea of Azov is known. Russia, having these objects, provides itself with a significant amount of this mineral. Due to their connection with the sea, the composition of their brine is similar to that of sea water. Mostly in the brine there are sulfates and chlorides of magnesium and sodium.

Water

The Sea of Azov is characterized by low transparency. It is different in every season and in different regions. Indicators vary in the range from 0.5 to 8 meters. The low transparency is mainly due to the influx of a large amount of muddy river waters, rather rapid resuspension of bottom silts during water disturbance, and the presence of plankton masses in the reservoir. The lowest rates are noted in the Taganrog Bay. There transparency is in the range of 0.5-0.9, in rare cases - 2 meters. The water in this area can change its color from greenish yellow to brownish yellow. In the central part of the reservoir due to great depths and under the influence of the Black Sea currents, transparency can range from one and a half, two and a half to eight meters. Here the water has a greenish-blue color. Almost everywhere in the summer there is an increase in transparency. And in some areas, due to the rather rapid development of the smallest animals and plant organisms in the upper layers, the indicators drop to zero. And the water becomes bright green. This phenomenon is called "sea bloom".

The Sea of Azov on the world map and Russia: where is it, photo and video

The Sea of Azov is located in the east of Europe and southwest of Russia, and is the most shallow sea in the world! Its maximum depth is no more than 13.5 meters! And on the world map, the Sea of Azov is marked with just a small blue spot, which is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by a whole chain of straits and seas. The Azov Sea is 350 kilometers away from the Black Sea and is connected to it by the Kerch Strait.

It is interesting that in antiquity Sea of Azov didn't exist. The Don River flowed directly into the Black Sea in the area of the Kerch Strait, but according to some assumptions, around 5600 BC. The water level in the Black Sea rose rapidly, as a result of a strong earthquake, and this provoked the flood and filling of the modern water area of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov.

The very name "Sea of Azov" came not so long ago - in the second half of the eighteenth century. Prior to this, the sea has changed many "names". From the ancient Greek Μαιῶτις - the Meotian lake, the Roman PalusMaeotis - the Meotian swamp, the Turkish Bahr el-Assak or Bahr-y Assak - the Dark blue sea and up to the Saxin Sea, approved at the beginning of the thirteenth century, and after the Tatar-Mongolian Balyk-dengiz - “ fish place". But the main theory modern name came from the word "azak", which meant the mouth of the river, a shallow place. Later, "Azak" was transformed into "Azau", and then into the Russian "Azov".

The Sea of Azov is truly unique place. Its low-salt waters are saturated with microelements and minerals, and off the coast you can find places with blue clay and therapeutic mud from the hills. The shores near the sea are gently sloping, mostly sandy and small-shell, but there are also pebble ones. The climate near the Azov coast is mild, and because of the shallow water, the water warms up above + 23 ° C, and you can swim from the end of April until October!

In winter, the water temperature drops to freezing - 0°C, and only near the Kerch Strait does the temperature reach +11°C. But in summer the sea can warm up to +30°С. IN different regions water warms up in different ways, but temperature regime differs not much, only +1…+2°С. But after storms that happen at sea, the water temperature can change. But not critical.

There are many resorts on the coast of the Sea of Azov, both for beach holiday and for wellness. Because of the shallow water, the Sea of Azov is safe for families with children. A lot of water parks and dolphinariums also contribute to a pleasant stay with children. For family vacation there are boarding houses, sanatoriums, campsites, hotels and private houses that rent locals. Also in the resorts of the Azov coast there are many other entertainments for tourists.

Most popular resorts Sea of Azov in Russia - this is Yeysk, the village of Golubitskaya, Temryuk, the village of Dolzhanskaya, Pavlovo-Ochakovo, located on the spit of the same name, Primorsko-Akhtarsk - a resort with healing mud and rich fish lakes, Kuchugury, Taganrog, the village of Peresyp and many other resorts where you can relax and have fun, and with benefit, or in solitude, where there are not many tourists. The main thing is to choose what you like.

The Sea of Azov is a valuable gift of nature, which stores in its waters not only a variety of animals and flora but also many minerals. Therefore, this gift must be protected!

Due to its shallow depth and relatively small size, the Sea of Azov is superbly warmed up by the first spring rays of the sun and is already available for swimming in April. This greatly increases holiday season, and in May there are already quite a few who want to get a golden southern tan. When planning your upcoming vacation, you need to have a good idea of what awaits at a particular resort. As the map of the coast of the Sea of Azov in Russia shows, the length of the domestic coastline stretched for 250 kilometers. The waves of the reservoir wash the western borders Krasnodar Territory, the eastern coast of Crimea and through the Kerch Strait are connected to the deeper Black Sea.

Climatic conditions of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov

Unlike the Black Sea, there is no lush vegetation on the coast of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov, and the air is dry and hot. The almost constantly blowing wind carries the sultry spicy smell of steppe herbs, intricately intertwined with the fresh aroma of the sea breeze. Such a climate is very favorable for the cores and those suffering from respiratory diseases. It cannot be said that there are no rains during the summer, but they are so fleeting and warm like in summer that they are not able to spoil the holiday mood. Sea water temperature already at the end of spring is 20 degrees, and in July-August this figure can rise to 32 degrees. The resorts of Russia cordially and hospitably offer the Sea of Azov, ready to provide high-quality health improvement and good rest:

Dolzhanskaya Spit;
Kuchugury;
the village of Priazovsky;
Yeysk;
Taganrog;
Primorsko-Akhtarsk;
Golubitskaya;
Taman.

Ultimately affordable prices, comfortable accommodation, the warmth of sea water and the absence deep places throughout coastal zone makes the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov very attractive for families with children.

Yeysk

Located 1300 kilometers from Russian capital, Yeysk is great for a family vacation. This is the largest Kuban resort, which has a very good location. It has its own airport and railway station, from Moscow it is easy to get here by any means of transport. The city has a modern sanatorium of a wide profile, offering high-quality health improvement for parents and children. For those who want to relax in Yeysk, there are numerous hotels, and you can also rent a house in the private sector at an inexpensive price. This place has long been chosen by lovers of kiting and windsurfing, and for those who want to master extreme views sports are given introductory lessons by experienced specialists of recently opened surf stations.

Village Taman

On the shore of the Taman Bay is the village of Taman, which annually attracts numerous tourists with cheerful themed holidays and various festivals. The free and independent spirit of the Cossacks reigns here, you can get acquainted with its traditions and peculiar way of life. Various cultural events are often held in Taman and, although tourism infrastructure could have been better developed, a trip to the village leaves a lot of impressions. From here to the Black Sea is only 10 kilometers.

Kuchugury

It is worth paying attention to the village of Kuchugury Special attention when the question is discussed, where to relax on the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov. It is famous for its crystal clear water and fine sandy beaches. The purity of the sea surface of the Golubaya Bay, on the shore of which the village is located, is explained by its remoteness from the Kerch Strait. In Kuchugury, ideal conditions for relaxing with children are a calm environment, a shallow warm sea, clean beaches and well-developed infrastructure. Modern private hotels are being actively built and opened here, guest houses, local residents vying with each other offer to settle in clean, well-groomed houses. In the evening you will not be bored in the village, there are various entertainment venues.

Stanitsa Golubitskaya

Sanatoriums and well-maintained recreation centers, cozy private buildings and many small comfortable hotels, numerous cafes and youth evening discos - all this turns the village of Golubitskaya into an attractive resort with excellent developed infrastructure. Wide sand beach And unique lake with healing mud to the services of those who have chosen the second most popular Azov resort as a place of rest. Like other settlements on the coast, Golubitskaya is great for children's recreation, for the kids there is an excellent water park. The nearest railway station is Temryuk, and you need to fly to Anapa by plane.

The attractiveness of the Azov region

With all the variety of resorts on the coast of the Sea of Azov, there are many common attractive factors that influence the decision to go here - warm sea, excellent fishing, silence and safety, unique conditions for windsurfing and sailing. And at the same time a real opportunity to acquire all these benefits at a very affordable cost. Should I prioritize overseas resorts when in your native country you can relax no worse and spend an unforgettable vacation!

Many tourists say that the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov is a swamp. They have such an opinion, because its depth is not great, and quickly warming up the water becomes colored, mud appears. Yes, the way it is, but only in those places where there are no resorts and where they do not monitor the water. And the seaside resorts are very well-groomed and clean. On the shores of the Sea of Azov, hundreds of resorts, dozens big cities with a population of up to a hundred thousand or so. It is sometimes difficult for tourists to choose a place where to spend their holidays. That's why new map coast of the Sea of Azov Russia with all settlements and resort cities will help you understand what and where is located and where it is best to go on vacation.

The Sea of Azov in Russia has a length of 250 kilometers. It washes Krasnodar region, Crimea and connects to the Black Sea thanks to the Kerch Strait. On the shores of the Sea of Azov are big cities And famous resorts. Perhaps the most famous is Yeysk. Yeysk is a resort that is visited by more than a million tourists every year in the summer.
Speaking of the most Big city, then this is Rostov-on-Don. But it is not located on the very shore of the sea, but far from it. But his river Don flows into the Sea of Azov.

The Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov is not so shallow in itself. local climate there is such that in spring and summer there is almost no rain. If it rains, it passes in a matter of minutes and brings almost no precipitation that could fill the sea. And the heat, which began in April, will dry the sea until autumn. It is because of the heat and the lack of normal rains that the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov becomes shallow.

But this also has its advantages. The most obvious is that shallow water warms up faster. And here, unlike the Black Sea, you can swim in April, and in May there are a huge number of tourists.
Due to the small amount of rain, the coast of the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov is very poor in vegetation. Here you will not see picturesque flowers or trees. All this dries quickly in the heat of +34°С +37°С. And the constantly blowing hot breeze burns the grass, making it yellow at the very beginning of summer.

What distinguishes the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov from the neighboring Black Sea is that there are sandy beaches. Almost no pebble or rocky beaches, sand everywhere. There are also many wild bays on the shores of the Sea of Azov, where you can retire and relax away from the rest.
There are also many medical resorts on the shores of the Sea of Azov. We inherited them from the USSR, but now new sanatoriums have been built here with new modern rest houses and medical dispensaries.

The private sector is also popular and more than half of the tourists prefer to stay there. Firstly, it is convenient and you do not need to overpay intermediaries. Secondly, the private sector is calmer, no noisy neighbors along the corridor, you will have your own house. Also, private owners always have a bathhouse and a sauna. Their houses are beautiful and pretty, they are located by the sea and it is not so long to the city.
Next, we offer you interactive map Azov coast Russia and Crimea. You can enlarge the map, make it any size and view even the smallest villages.