Volcanoes Hakone and Fujiyama. volcanoes on the coast of the Sea of ​​Japan in northern Honshu. Hakone national park - fuji

Hakone: Hakone is a town in Japan located in Kanagawa Prefecture. Hakone is an extinct volcano in the center of Honshu, Japan. List of ... Wikipedia

national park Japan. Located on about. Honshu (Kanagawa, Yamanashi and Shizuoka prefectures). Organized in 1936. Area 122,309 ha. Includes part of Fujiyama volcano and Hakone volcano (1439 m), hot springs, lakes and rivers, evergreen ... ...

Fujisan, Fuji, volcano on about. Khonshu, high 3776 m, the largest in Japan. Name from Japanese. fuji steepness, rock and pit (in another reading san) mountain, i.e. steep mountain. A common explanation of fuji from Ainsk in the past. fire, which was associated with ... ... Geographic Encyclopedia

A piece of territory (water area) in which all of its natural complex. Z. are usually declared areas that are typical for a given geographical zone (region) or contain scientifically valuable ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Zap. part of the Pacific Ocean. Large islands: Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu and Shikoku, many small ones. Over 3/4 of the territory of the mountain. Many active volcanoes (Fujiyama highest point, 3776 m), frequent earthquakes, tsunamis on the Pacific coast. Climate... ... Geographic Encyclopedia

- (Japanese: Nippon, Nihon), a state in East Asia, occupying a chain of islands (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, the Ryukyu archipelago, etc., about 4 thousand in total), washed by the Pacific Ocean, Japan, Okhotsk and East Chinese seas. 372 thousand km2.… … encyclopedic Dictionary

- (Japanese Nippon, Nihon) I. General information I. a state located on the islands of the Pacific Ocean, near the coast of East Asia. There are about 4 thousand islands in the territory of Yakutia, stretching from the north-east to the south-west for almost 3.5 thousand ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Contents: I. Physical essay. 1. Composition, space, coastline. 2. Orography. 3. Hydrography. 4. Climate. 5. Vegetation. 6. Fauna. II. Population. 1. Statistics. 2. Anthropology. III. Economic essay. 1. Farming. 2.… …

I MAP OF THE JAPANESE EMPIRE. Contents: I. Physical essay. 1. Composition, space, coastline. 2. Orography. 3. Hydrography. 4. Climate. 5. Vegetation. 6. Fauna. II. Population. 1. Statistics. 2. Anthropology. III. Economic essay. 1 … Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

- (Japanese Nippon Nihon), a state in the East. Asia, occupying a chain of islands (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, the Ryukyu archipelago, etc., about 4 thousand in total), washed by the Pacific Ocean, the Sea of ​​Japan, the Sea of ​​Okhotsk, and the East China Sea. 372 thousand km². population 127 million ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

In the background, Hakone shrine's torii in the foreground.

Hakone (jap. 箱根山 Hakone pit) - an ancient extinct volcano with a height of 1550 m in the center of the island of Honshu. In a vast crater 13 km wide from north to south and 7 km from west to east, there are 6 more peaks of younger volcanoes, some of which are still smoking. In the center of the crater is the mountain lake Asi.

The Hakone area is part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. It is 80 kilometers from Tokyo to Tokyo, and 20 million tourists visit it annually. Nowadays the number tourists are coming on the decline. In 2002, only 19.3 million tourists visited Hakone, while the largest number was in 1995 with 21.2 million tourists.

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An excerpt characterizing Hakone (volcano)

Hakone is a picturesque village located on the island of Honshu near the extinct volcano.Holidays in Hakone attracts many tourists, most of whom come here for excursions around the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. Hot mineral springs, curious museums, unique landscapes Mount Fuji makes Hakone unforgettable. However, the main goal of many who come here is to climb the mountain, which is possible only in summer time.

Sights in Hakone

Main attractions in Hakone will delight lovers hiking. walking along national park, you can meet a large number of pilgrims who rush to sacred places Japan. There are whole legends about the local attractions of Hakone, most of them are dedicated to Mount Fuji and the lake adjacent to it. Tour guides will definitely introduce tourists to the most significant places for local residents corners of this settlement, be prepared to be enchanted by the beauties of this Japanese resort.

MOUNT FUJI

Mount Fuji is a place of great beauty, the special properties of which are believed by most of the locals and residents of Hokkaido. Located at the junction tectonic plates, she represents for island nation a certain danger, since it is a large active volcano. But despite this, many Japanese consider Fuji to be the main shrine, and mountain climbers tend to conquer the mountain peak in the summer. In winter, this is impossible, since the geometrically regular slopes of Fuji are covered with a thick cap of snow. Surprisingly, the locals have a legend that justifies this phenomenon. The Japanese say that a certain wanderer arrived at Mount Fuji, where he wanted to ask for an overnight stay. However, the local spirit refused him this, since the celebration of the autumn thanksgiving was expected that night. And then the Great Ancestor punished the deity, saying that from now on Mount Fuji will be forever covered with snow and ice.

LAKE ASI-NOKO

Lake Ashi-noko is located at the very edge of Mount Fuji. Hikers often choose end point this is exactly what their trips beautiful place. In the warm season, here you can observe how the outlines of the sacred Japanese mountain are reflected on the mirror-clean surface of the lake. For a small amount, you can buy a ticket for a boat or rent a pleasure boat. After a short cruise on a boat under the sails of a pirate ship, most tourists have an unforgettable experience. Here you can also visit ancient temple Hakone, the beautiful ritual gates of which are located on the very shore of the Asi-noko. The lake and the temple are connected by a common legend, according to which a dragon lived here for a long time, devouring beautiful girls. However, after being imprisoned, the monster began to shed sacred tears of repentance, which formed this magnificent, purest lake.

OPEN-AIR MUSEUM

The open air museum is the most unusual and interesting art museum complex in Japan. On the slope of the mountain there are more than a hundred stunning sculptures, the authorship of which belongs to world-famous masters Rodin, Picasso and Moore. Local authorities bought a whole collection of works from the daughter of the famous artist Picasso, which is now given a whole pavilion here. Also on the square of the museum you can find several unique exhibitions. The museum of glass and Art Museum Paul, which, surprisingly, is located underground.

HAKONE THERMAL SPRINGS

Due to its volcanic location, Hakone is rich mineral springs, which heat up a huge number of onsen (hot tubs in the open air). A tradition has developed in this village since ancient times: Japanese monks, samurai and ordinary residents specially came to this area in order to take healing water procedures. Now a large bathing complex has been organized for tourists, which includes different types onsen.

OWAKUDANI DISTRICT

"Valley of the Great Boiling" - this is how the name Owakudani is translated from Japanese. You can get there by cable car, from the height of which wonderful views of Fuji open up. This area is filled with large sulfur lakes, the temperature of which reaches the boiling point. Thick steam rises above the water, making it difficult to see the beautiful terrain. To enhance the experience of visiting Owakudani, the Japanese offer tourists a curious entertainment: raw chicken eggs are dipped into the water, which turn black after five minutes. However, despite this, the food remains edible and tastes like an ordinary hard-boiled egg.

HOTELS IN HAKONE

Due to the fact that Hakone is less popular than other Japanese resorts, during the summer season, tourists are ready to meet a large number of free hotels. In Hakone, ryokans, traditional Japanese hotels. Here, in addition to the standard hotel services, onsen or private baths work for guests. Hotels in Hakone, as noted by the guests, they are distinguished by special hospitality. All this is due to the excellent location of Hakone: the sacred lands attract pilgrims from all over the country, who often stay for several days or weeks in local apartments.

Coast of the Sea of ​​Japan within - northern Honshu is a Miocene geosynclinal Uetsu trough, within which volcanic cones are located. They are confined to faults of northwestern strike. Usually these vlk. united in the Tekai volcanic zone (named after the Tekai volcano). However, this zoning is weakly traced. Volks stand out: Oshima, Campu, Tekai, Gassan.

Volcano Oshima (714 m) - in the Sea of ​​Japan, 55 km west of the southern tip of Hokkaido. 41°31"N, 139°22"E The stratovolcano is planted on an underwater plateau located on Ch. 1000 m. Dm. 12 km. Early Pleistocene andesites (some authors consider the volcano to be Miocene, since it is poorly preserved).

Campu (355 m) - on the Oga Peninsula, on the shores of Hachiro Bay. 39° 57" N, 139° 50" E e. The Pleistocene stratovolcano is planted on the fault of the south- east direction. Hornblende andesites and their pyroclasts. In its vicinity, there are two maar-like explosive craters, Ichinomegata and Ninomegata, surrounded by ramparts of detrital material crushed by explosions.

Tekai (2230 m) - on a horst block between the graben-like depressions of Akita (in the north) and Sakata (in the south). 39°06"N, 140°03"E A complex array of merged large stratovolcanoes East Tekay and West Tekay. Area 635 sq. km, volume 232 cubic meters. km.

Eastern Tekay-type Somma-Vesuvius. Formed by a caldera with two central cones in it. The somme has stepped slopes, its ridge outlines the caldera dm. 2 km. The highest peak is on the shaft of the Shishkozan somma (2230 m); olivine-hypersthene andesites. The same andesites form an extensive lava field to the east of the somma. Inside the caldera are two cones, Kojin and Shinzan. Shinzan is the main crater and the youngest within the Tekai massif. Lava eruptions are still taking place (1974).

Western Tekai is a horseshoe-shaped caldera, open to the south, dm. 3 km. It contains the central cone of Nabemori and the young explosive crater Torinoumi. In the northern part of the caldera, there is the Inakura volcanic horst (1534 m), composed of olivine-hypersthene andesite.

Gassan (1980 m) - in the central part of the horst block of the ridge. Asakhach, on the southeastern continuation of the faults of the Sacate graben. 38°32"N, 140°01"E d. Shield-shaped array; olivine-hypersthene andesites.

FOSSA-MAGNA ZONE

Between 138th and 139th meridians of the island Khonshu is crossed by the submeridional tectonic zone of the Great Graben (Fossa Magna). It stretches from the Izu Peninsula and the deep-water Suruga Bay for south coast Honshu through the tectonic valleys of the Fuji, Saigawa, Chikuma rivers to the newest deep Niigata trough on the coast of the Sea of ​​Japan. Suruga Bay is the northeastern end of the deep water Nankai Trench. Large Pleistocene volcanoes formed in the Fossa-Magna zone. They represent the northern continuation of the volcanic chain of the Mariana-Idzusit island arc. Within the island of Honshu, in the Fossa Magna zone, Volk. form several tectonic groups.

Izu Peninsula

The Izu Peninsula is the newest horst block between the grabens of the Suruga and Sagami bays. Within its limits, volcanoes can be distinguished: Amagi, Omuro, O o Jima, Kisodak.

Omuro (580 m)-on east coast the middle part of the Izu Peninsula. 34°55"N, 139°07"E Stratovolcano impaled on southern edge a large flat shield composed of olivine basalts and andesites. Omuro rises 300 m above the surface of the shield. There is a crater at its top. On the shield, in addition to Omuro, there are a large number of small volcanic craters and cones.

Oojima (982 m) -on the shore Suruga Bay, near Kheda. 34° 56" N, 138° 50" E d. Thyroid volcano. dm. 10 km; Pleistocene andesites and pyroclasts. It is impaled on faults that cut through andesitic covers of the Plio-Pleistocene age.

Kisodak (799 m) - on the shores of Sagami Bay. 35°05"N, 139°05"E d. Thyroid volcano. dm. 10 and 15 km; Pleistocene basalts.

HAKONE-FUJI GROUP

The Hakone-Fuji region is the southern end of the Fossa-Magna graben, where early Miocene volcanism developed intensively. In the middle and late Miocene, volcanism began to fade, but resumed at the end of the Pliocene and in the Pleistocene. In the Pleistocene, complex volcanoes Hakone and Fujiyama.

Hakone (1438 m) - on the northwestern side of the graben-Sagami Bay, near the horst block of the Kanto Mountains. 35° 14" N, 139° 01" E Volk. mounted on a system of faults that outline the depressions of the hall. Sagami and the Kanagawa depression, filled with Miocene, Pliocene and Pleistocene deposits of great thickness.

Hakone-andesite shield dm. 25 and 20 km, lying on the Upper Miocene marine sediments. At the top of the shield is an ancient Glencoe-type caldera dm. 8 and 12 km. In the ancient caldera, a younger caldera is located concentrically, filled with pyro-

clastic deposits. On its bottom there is a dammed lake. Asino dl. 5 km and lat. 1 km. East of the lake in the caldera there is a group of central stratovolcano cones. There are 7 cones in the Hakone caldera, which merged into a single array of length. 8 kilometers. Their volume is 100 cubic meters. km, and the area is 360 sq. km.

Fujiyama (3776 m) - in the Fossa Magna zone, at its southern end. 35°21"N, 138°44"E Extinct basaltic stratovolcano of complex structure. Cone dm. 30 km covers an area of ​​896 sq. km, volume 389 cubic meters. km. Volk. covered by a semi-circular ridge composed of Pliocene rocks. Between the semi-circular ridge and the Fujiyama Valley massif (at elevations of 300-400 m). There are dammed lakes in it: Motosu, Snoji, Saiko, Yamanaka.

Fujiyama consists of three merged volcanoes of different ages. The most ancient of them, early Pleistocene, is Komatake, located in the northern part of the Fujiyama massif; andesitic lavas and their pyroclasts. Its activity ceased in the Middle Pleistocene. Then it was badly damaged. Its remains are buried under the lavas of the Volk. Old Fuji and New Fuji. Old Fuji, or Kofuji, originated on the southwestern slope of Komatake. It is composed of pyroclasts, lahar-type mud flows, and basaltic lavas, which are now exposed at the foot of the Fujiyama massif. The age of lahar deposits is 24 thousand years. In the late Pleistocene, Old Fuji ceased operations and was destroyed. Its ruins are buried under the cover of lavas and pyroclasts of the volcano. Hutsi, or New Fuji.

Ashitaka (1187 m) -on the edge Kanto depression, 14 km from the top of the Volk. Fujiyama. 35°2f "N, 138°36" E e. This is an Early Pleistocene basalt cone dm. 7 and 10 km. It is stretched along the fault. Asitaka has been severely damaged by Late Pleistocene marine transgression and river erosion.

The Yatsuga-Asamayama Group. This group is located in the southern part of the Fossa Magna graben. Volk. formed in the Pleistocene and Holocene, when there was a revival of the processes of volcanism.

Yatsuga (2899 m) - on the watershed volcanic plateau between the Kamanashi rivers (a tributary of the Fuji River, which flows into Pacific Ocean) and Tikuma (a tributary of the Shinano River, which flows into the Sea of ​​Japan). 35° 58" N, 138°27" E e. Andesitic Pleistocene shield; area 508 sq. km, volume 166 cubic meters. km. Heavily destroyed and dissected by tributaries of the river. Kamanashi. In the north, Yatsuga merges with the Tateshina Shield. On the southern slope of the Yatsuga, a lahar flow has been preserved, descending into the valley of the river. Kamanashi. On the flow surface, secondary cones are high. 60 m and dm. 600 m, resulting from phreatic explosions after the eruption.

Tateshina (Northern Yatsuga) (2530 m) -Northern part watershed volcanic plateau between the Kamanashi and Tikuma rivers. 36°06"N, 138°18"E Andesite Shield Volk. Tateshina dm. 25 km. Area 541 sq. km, volume 182 cubic meters. km. The summit is formed by young andesites, which form a triangular massif. Volk. badly destroyed.

My husband and I were at the station at the beginning of the seventh, and already at 6:30 the train raced us, and every minute brought us closer to the town of Odawara. Although it only takes 35 minutes to get here, we decided to make reservations in advance, as we really wanted to see Odawara Castle, which we often saw in tourist brochures, and were afraid that we would not be able to leave. As it turned out - in vain. There were more than enough places.

Arriving in Odawara, we immediately bought a Hakone Freepass, which fully justified itself. It cost us 3,900 yen to purchase, but we saved a lot more on it. A pleasant moment was the opportunity to pay for the ticket credit card(In Japan, we have already begun to get used to the fact that everywhere you need to pay in cash).

Odawara Castle

Odawara Castle is really worth visiting. He is very different from most of his "brothers" rich history. In various eras, fierce and bloody battles took place on its territory. This place was once a serious fortification, which especially helped during internecine wars. The castle was destroyed several times, and now it is located here interesting museum dedicated to the history of the samurai.

When we entered the hall, we were surprised a large number Japanese who seem to come here with their families. There were especially many boys here. The surprise was caused by the fact that in many popular places we had to meet more foreigners than locals.

Having visited the castle, we learned that it was built by Omori Yoriharu back in 1418, and after seven decades, Hojo Nagauji, whose clan was distinguished by a warlike disposition, became its owner, and therefore, its power grew. When the Kanto region completely came under the control of Hojo, it was Odawara Castle that became his central residence.

The castle is located on a high hill, offering stunning views of the extinct Hakone volcano. Although it is far away, we were not at all disappointed, as we still had a trip to this mountain.

Walking around the area castle complex. we took a lot of photos that will certainly take their place of honor in our family album.

Towards Hakone

Traveling around Japan, I caught myself thinking that I was becoming more and more interested in kimonos. In general, I personally have the fact that many Japanese wear national clothes especially during the days national holidays, is truly respectful.

From Hakone-Yumoto station we continued our journey, heading towards picturesque lake Asi. We decided to take the classic route, so we took a bus to Moto-Hakone. D The oroga took us about 40 minutes. If you don't have a pass, the fare is 930 yen. As a rule, a special monitor is installed above the windshield in the bus, which displays the names of the stops in English and Japanese, as well as a table with the numbers of the stops and the corresponding ticket price between them.

Hakone

Hakone is one of the most popular Japanese spa resorts. It is located between the Izu Peninsula and the famous, southwest of. This place is spread among the mighty company of several mountain peaks, near the crater of an extinct volcano, whose width from south to north is 13 kilometers, and from east to west - 7 kilometers. In the very center of the crater of the volcano, at an altitude of 1550 meters above sea level, there is famous lake Asi. The landscape of Hakone is very amazing: picturesque valleys, gorges, hollows against the background of the outlines of no less charming mountain peaks.

Oddly enough, upon arrival it was not crowded here, which personally pleased me very much. But nature was not so kind. The sky was overcast with thick clouds, but this did not disappoint us at all, but rather the opposite. They say that locals come here just to admire the amazing union of sky and mountains, whose peaks gently touch, at first glance, gloomy clouds.

Looking for another beautiful scenery for an unforgettable photo shoot, we stumbled upon the Museum of Art. Going inside, we were amazed by a whole kaleidoscope of paintings. At the gift shop, I bought some hand-painted silk scarves and Japanese tea napkins. Oddly enough, the cost here is very affordable, which is a rarity in tourist areas.

Based on online publications.