Mountains in cbr titles. National Park "Prielbrusye". Friendship Memorial Arch

On the territory of Kabardino-Balkaria is the highest peak of Russia and geographical Europe- Mountain Elbrus. In the Kabardian language - "Oshkhamakho", which translates as a mountain of happiness, and in the Balkar "Mingi tau" - an eternal mountain.
Elbrus has two peaks separated by a deep saddle. The western peak of Elbrus rises above sea level by 5642 meters, the eastern one - by 5621 meters. The ice-snow cap of Elbrus is called Little Antarctica. Even in the middle of summer there are negative temperatures.
On the eastern peak there is a crater funnel with a diameter of about 200 m and a depth of up to 80 m. The diameter of the crater of the western peak is approximately 500 - 600 m, and its depth is about 200 - 300 m.

The handsome Elbrus, previously considered an extinct volcano, is increasingly called by experts "sleeping", i.e. in relative calm. In the bowels of the batholith, which previously fed Elbrus, magma cools down, it supplies mineral springs warmth and carbon dioxide, turning them into narzans, which are very numerous at the foot of Elbrus. In some places on the slopes, sulfurous gases come out of the cracks.
The infrastructure is concentrated on the southern slope, where the pendulum and chairlift are located. lifting height cable car- 3750 meters, there is a shelter "Barrels", which is more than ten six-seater insulated residential trailers and a kitchen. Currently, this is the main starting point for those climbing Elbrus. At an altitude of 4000 m is the most mountain hotel"Shelter of Eleven".
At the foot of Elbrus in Kabardino-Balkaria there is a unique resort and recreational area under the common name - Elbrus region. This ski resort world-class center for amateur and professional mountaineering and extreme tourism. The Elbrus region is also a center of health tourism and a popular place for holding all kinds of conferences, forums, corporate meetings.
Scientists use Elbrus to study the high layers of the atmosphere, the effect of rarefied mountain air on the human body, to deal with hail and many other scientific problems. Europe's highest geophysical observatory operates on Elbrus
Due to its symbolic meaning as the highest point in Europe, Elbrus became the scene of fierce confrontation during the Great Patriotic War, which was attended, among other things, by units of the German mountain division "Edelweiss". The events of this time are reflected in the plot of the Soviet film "White Explosion" with the participation of A. Dzhigarkhanyan, L. Gurchenko, V. Vysotsky.
For the first time, Elbrus is mentioned in the "Book of Victories" by the Persian historian Sherif ad-Dni Yezdi, who writes that the Central Asian conqueror Tamerlane climbed Elbrus during military campaigns in Transcaucasia to pray.
By official version Elbrus was conquered on July 22, 1829 by Kabardian Kilar Khashirov, the guide of the Russian military expedition led by General Georgy Emanuel.

One of the main business cards Kabardino-Balkaria are located in the gorge of the Chegem Gorge, 54 kilometers from Nalchik, near the village of Khushtosyrt.
Translated from Balkar, Su-Auzu waterfalls mean "water from the throat." This is a truly unforgettable and indescribable spectacle, where from the sheer cliffs located on the right bank of the Chegem, the noisy streams of the waterfall fall into the river in a stormy stream. Some flow in thin streams from small holes in the rock, others fall from a height of 30-50 meters in a wide strip and, before reaching the river, fall on the rocks, forming countless water sparks. At 10-11 o'clock in the morning under the morning sunshine you can see a beautiful bright rainbow.
Chegem waterfalls in winter it is cold and wild beauty nature of Kabardino-Balkaria. You can see giant columns of ice, transparent columns and stalactites of frozen water descending to the river itself. Ice candles hang over Chegem like chandeliers with iridescent crystal fringe. Streams of water flow down from this beauty and, not having time to touch the surface of the rocks, turn into water dust. The rainbow created by the Chegem waterfalls and illuminated by the bright rays of the sun enlivens this majestic and beautiful place.
Chegem waterfalls burst right out of the rocks, for which they are also called Weeping waterfalls, as if the rocks themselves were crying. In winter, the waterfalls freeze and form a grandiose ice cascade.
Most big waterfall- Adai-Su (Girl's braid). It is located 200 m from the road and 5 km from the gorge of the Chegem River. Water breaks off a sheer cliff, from a height of 30 m.
Next to the waterfalls there is a market where mountain women sell knitted things and skins. The quality of products is beyond praise.
Local residents say: whoever has not been to Chegem has not seen the Caucasus. And indeed, this gorge has everything that Kabardino-Balkaria can rightfully be proud of: amazing beauty mountains, rapid waterfalls and clear mountain rivers.
Chegem translated into Russian means "the earth broke". And, getting into this gorge, you immediately understand how accurately the name is chosen. Mountain faults go high up and cry with numerous waterfalls. Previously, the waterfalls were more full-flowing. Alas, after the construction of the road and blasting, the water flows “lost weight”, but became no less spectacular.
In general, there are no such number of waterfalls in Kabardino-Balkaria anywhere else. There are more than 10 of them in the Chegem Gorge.
Visiting Chegem Waterfalls both in summer and winter you will get a lot of unforgettable impressions. Breaking off the rocks and flowing out of numerous crevices, streams of water fall from a height of 50-60 meters into the seething Chegem, forming a lot of rainbows, which delights all those who visit these places. Chegem waterfalls are very spectacular in winter. Countless icicles hang from above, huge ice blocks covering the entire rock. All this, layering and intertwining, creates an unusual picture. The Chegem Gorge is rich historical monuments, amazing beauty corners of nature.
Chegem Waterfalls are widely known not only among vacationers on the CMS, but also among tourists throughout Russia.

Restaurant "Sosruko"

This is one of the main sights and symbols of Nalchik.
It stands on Mount Kizilovka, towering over the capital of Kabardino-Balkaria, at an altitude of 600 meters above sea level and is visible from almost anywhere in the city. This is one of the highest located restaurants in Russia.

Atazhukinsky garden

The largest park in the North Caucasus, Atazhukinsky Garden, is the main decoration of the city of Nalchik. In its shady alleys, 156 species of trees and shrubs are represented. Plants brought from Northern and Southern Europe, America and Asia are planted on an area of ​​more than two hundred hectares. These are unique species of Japanese quince, hop hornbeam, Japanese spiny oak, maple-leaved plane tree, Canadian hazelnut, paulownia (Adam's tree), Manchurian walnut, Ruprecht's Far Eastern honeysuckle, Amur lilac. There is a rare specimen in the garden - a relic two-lobed gingko, a plant that appeared on earth six and a half billion years ago.

Green Theater and Palace of Celebrations "Elbrus"
Green theatre, graceful architectural structure With open area, immersed in the greenery of the park, was built for the 400th anniversary of the accession of Kabardino-Balkaria to Russia in 1957 in one of the most picturesque corners of Nalchik - in the resort and park area near the lake and mountain river.

Cathedral Mosque
The Cathedral Mosque of Nalchik is located on Shogentsukov Street on the site of the Yunost cinema. The mosque has a pronounced regional character: it is read in the image of the building, in the materials that will be used for outdoor and interior decoration, in particular, local stone and artificial materials imitating stone. According to the project, the dome is blue. The walls are glazed with golden reflective stained-glass windows. The mosque is located on a small round area, enclosed by a low decorative fence and paved with tiles, the pattern of which is oriented to Mecca.

Friendship Memorial Arch

Triumphal arches adorn the largest cities in Europe. Thanks to the personal funds of the President of the KBR Arsen Kanokov, the capital of Kabardino-Balkaria also became an "arc-bearing" one. The opening of the Memorial Arch of Friendship in Nalchik was timed to coincide with the 450th anniversary of the Union of Russia and Kabarda.

Church of Mary Magdalene
The temple was built in the park on the street. Malbakhov, leading to the center of Nalchik from the entrance from Pyatigorsk. On the second Sunday after Easter, the church especially honors the Holy Myrrh-bearing Women, who were the first to know about the resurrection of Christ. Among them was Mary from the city of Magdala, in whose name the cathedral was built. In the name of Equal-to-the-Apostles Mary Magdalene, the youngest daughter of the Kabardian prince Temryuk Idarov, Guashchenya, was baptized, who became the second wife of the Russian Tsar Ivan the Terrible. This dynastic marriage sealed the political union of Russia and Kabarda, established in 1557.

Nalchik Hippodrome

From time immemorial, the highlanders have held the horse in special esteem. Horses of the Kabardian breed were unmatched in endurance and unpretentiousness, beauty and grace. Within the breed itself, the most popular were such subspecies as Shagdiy, Sholokh, Bekan. In tsarist Russia, tens of thousands of horses of the Kabardian breed were purchased for the needs of the cavalry. Horse breeding was put on a grand scale. Horse breeding was further developed in Kabardino-Balkaria during the years of Soviet power. Race trials of horses on smooth hippodrome races are a kind of exams that give marks to horse breeding.

The railway station Kotlyarevskaya is located in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, in the Maisky district. Kotlyarevskaya is located in the steppe zone. The distance to the capital - Nalchik is 45 km. Object code 53770. It refers to the North Caucasian railway. Belongs to a stop to freight. Station Kotlyarevskaya carries out the issuance and acceptance of goods in both small and linear shipments from closed and open warehouses.
Trains run through Kotlyarevskaya station in the direction of such settlements, like: Nalchik, Mineralnye Vody, Nazran, Prokhladny, Moscow, Adler, Vladikavkaz. As well as electric trains, for example, to Lugansk. The timetable contains the days of travel and train schedules. Train tickets for passing trains arrive here 45 days before departure. Tickets can be bought at the box office of the station. The Kotlyarevskaya station itself is small. The station building is small, one-story.

The lake can be called one of the oldest SPA-resorts in Russia.
All St. Petersburg nobility, foreign guests came here, and in Soviet times, people from all the republics of the USSR came to the nearby sanatoriums of Stavropol and the KBR. Tambukan mud has long been used to treat many diseases, including those from which traditional methods of treatment could not help.

Tambukan is a salty drainless lake located on the border of Kabardino-Balkaria and Stavropol. Tambukan and its surroundings are located in a specially created nature protection zone. Serves as a source of therapeutic sulfide silt mud, which is used in the sanatoriums of the Caucasian Mineral Waters and exported. At its bottom is about one and a half million tons therapeutic mud, which has been used in medicine since 1886.
In terms of iron sulfide content, Tambukan mud occupies one of the first places in Russia. In addition, the mud solution contains biologically active substances similar in action to penicillin, which was widely used during the Great Patriotic War in the hospitals of the Caucasus Mineral Waters for the treatment of wounds.
The lake looks unusual: even in good, clear weather, it seems black due to the high content of iron and other minerals in the water.
Healing sludge is mined from a special floating platform and transported to sanatoriums. The mobile platform is installed in the place necessary for the extraction of silt, usually the center of the lake.
WITH unique lake several legends are connected, one of them refers to the ancient Nart epic, in which its main hero, Sosruko, plunges his enemy Tengren (an invulnerable giant) into this very lake. And now the heroic health of Tengren
together with healing mud lake is transferred to vacationers in Kabardino-Balkaria.
According to another legend, the name of Lake Tambukan came from the name of Prince Tambiev, an ancient Kabardian ancestor who fought, died and was buried near the lake. Tambukan in translation - "shelter for Tambiya".
Tambukan was first scientifically described by I. Guldenshtedt in 1773 under the name "Tambi". Although there are earlier references to Tambukan: the Kabardians already in ancient times knew about the healing properties of the mineral waters of the numerous springs and mud of Tambukan. This is evidenced by the remaining traces of baths carved in stones near the springs, the remains of primitive wooden and stone bathing devices from the early Bronze Age.
In 1395, the North Caucasus was subjected to a devastating invasion by the hordes of Tamerlane. “Tamerlane took therapeutic baths and warmed his sore leg with magical mud,” the Book of Victory of Shafardzin and Yadzi informs us.
M.A. came to the Tambukan mud baths. Balakirev, F.I. Chaliapin, S.I. Taneev, V.G. Belinsky, A.S. Griboyedov and V.A. Gilyarovsky, L.N. Tolstoy and A.P. Chekhov and other representatives of the elite of society.

Domestic tourism began to develop much better, and in last years Kabardino-Balkarian Republic becomes more and more popular place for the rest of thousands of tourists. People are attracted not only by clean mountain air and stunning nature, but also by a kind of exotic in the form of flocks, people in traditional costumes, as well as rich story this territory.

Historical reference

The territory of Kabardino-Balkaria was inhabited in ancient times, which is confirmed by manuscripts made before our era. A variety of peoples inhabited these places, then migrated and made room for new ones. Therefore, the final ethnic composition was formed only in the Middle Ages. But only in the nineteenth century, Kabardino-Balkaria became part of Russian state . The KBR acquired its name and borders, which have remained valid to our time, closer to the twenties.

The development of the republic began with the founding of a city called Nalchik which is now its capital. Despite the fact that the first settlements appeared here already in the eighteenth century, Nalchik did not get the status of a city, mainly because it was a lonely fortress. But after the active construction and improvement of infrastructure, in 1921 once a small village got proud status of the capital of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.

Overcoming many difficulties, for example, the devastation brought by the war and stagnation in public life in the post-war years, Nalchik continued to exist, more than once recovering almost from the ashes.

As soon as life went back to normal, it was announced collapse of the USSR, and the inhabitants of the KBR had to start all over again. However, many tourists, thinking about the opportunity to visit this amazing place, are afraid of its relatively close location from the territories that are commonly called "hot spots". Therefore, it should be noted that in this sense the republic is quite prosperous, and there is nothing to fear.

Kabardino-Balkaria in the modern world

Kabardino-Balkaria on this moment is a very important subject, because there are many forest and recreational resources. Not only the infrastructure began its active development, but also the agriculture of the republic is being improved every year. It is worth noting that in the last few years there has been an accelerated formation of the service sector. Despite all the modern implementations, the KBR manages to maintain its way of life, identity and culture.

The most interesting attraction is the most high mountain not only in Russia, but throughout Europe, whose name is known to everyone -. There are also "five-thousanders", as they are commonly called. It is for this reason that Kabardino-Balkaria is a favorite place for climbers. In total, there are a little less than ten mountains in the republic that attract the attention of tourists:

• Mount Dykhtau;
• Mount Koshtantau;
• Mount Shkhara;
• Mount Mizhirgi;
• Mount Dzhangitau.

Unfortunately, in recent years there has been a noticeable outflow of the indigenous population. Eight hundred and fifty thousand people live in Nalchik, of which half are visitors. This means that over time, much of what is valuable in the CBD at the moment, including the culture and its identity, can be suppressed by new trends and improvements, as well as the active development of the service and tourism sectors.

Attractions in Kabardino-Balkar Republic

The nature of Kabardino-Balkaria is beautiful. Blue Lakes - the main and most visited tourist attraction natural origin , which is located near the capital of the republic. Local legend says that travelers who unexpectedly came across these lakes for a long time could not agree on what to call them. The fact is that in sunny weather, their color can change up to fifteen times a day: the water becomes emerald, green and blue. As a result, the lakes still decided to call blue.

There are five reservoirs in total, and they are divided into two groups: upper and lower. The bottom is called Tserik-Kilem, and, accordingly, the top four: among which the most visited are Western and Eastern, they are also Dry and Secret.

But for scientists, the first lake is of greatest interest, which has a characteristic feature: it is not connected to any other reservoir, river or even the smallest stream, however, the water level always stays at the same mark, despite the fact that about seventy million liters are consumed annually from it. In addition, the depth of Tserik-Kilem is still unknown. Many believe that it reaches about four hundred meters, but some researchers disagree, convincing their colleagues that you can safely add another hundred to this number.

Lovers of adventure and ancient legends will also find lakes atmospheric place. The fact is that there is an interesting legend that speaks of a strong, almost invincible hero who lived in this area. One day the settlement was attacked by a dragon, after being killed by the brave Bataraz. At the site of its fall, where the upper lake is now located, a huge pit was formed, immediately filled with water. There are rumors among the locals that the body of the monster still lies at the bottom of the reservoir.

Rest on the territory of the lakes makes it possible to fully imbue with all the charm of nature, to see all the greatness and beauty of the mountains. Not far from them there are also many sanatoriums and hotels where you can stay and enjoy the creations of nature for an unlimited amount of time.

Cool City

Cool city is full of a variety of attractions and places where you can have fun and spend your time not only with pleasure, but also with benefit.

First of all, in Prokhladny you will meet a church or a cathedral at almost every step. List of the most famous charitable establishments located on the territory of this city is as follows:

• St. Nicholas Cathedral with a beautiful bell tower and a baptismal church on its territory.
• Holy Intercession Church, the construction of which is about to come to an end.
• Chapel erected in honor of the icon Mother of God Joy to all who mourn. The building is located on the territory of the Kholodnensky cemetery.

You can expand your horizons by visiting historical museum, which will tell a lot of interesting things about the fate of the peoples who previously lived in this area. Here you can find exhibits that describe all aspects of the life of the Cossacks, their way of life, unique culture and worldview. The largest number rave reviews are traditionally collected by the composition of the interior of an ordinary Cossack house in the middle of the nineteenth century.

Residents of Prokhladny treat everything related to the Great Patriotic War with incredible trepidation, which is why, walking around the city, you can see about a dozen different memorials and memorial complexes dedicated to the tragic events of the forties, as well as to the memory of fallen soldiers:

Also in the city you can find monuments dedicated to the memory of the victims of other tragedies. For example, in the same square where the above-described memorial Complex, you can see a monument reporting almost all the victims that Prokhladny suffered in the Afghan war.

Wellness vacation

Aushiger settlement famous not only for its magnificent landscapes, but also hot springs, which attract a huge number of tourists every year.

Springs are located near the city called Nalchik. Due to the miraculous effect that bathing in the springs produces, as well as their close location from the city limits, every year there are more and more guests. It should be noted that for a long time there were no hotels or sanatoriums in this territory, although this did not stop those wishing to visit the creation of nature. Now the area is well developed, which allows you to enjoy your vacation without worrying about such things as looking for accommodation nearby.

According to experts, as well as people who come to this place on vacation every year, it is noted that water has the following effects on the body:

• treats skin diseases;
• improves the functioning of the circulatory and nervous systems;
• improves the functioning of the joints and heals the connective tissues.

Also, complete with wellness bathing, you can purchase very interesting excursion to the side waterfall " girlish tears» and also see the famous Dzhaboev's castle. It would be a great idea to spend your time in horse riding along the gorges and rocks, marveling at all the amazing beauties of the nature of the Caucasus.

A place where you can feel comfortable at any time of the year

Sanatorium "Leningrad"" - not easy a nice place where you can improve your health. The fact is that no matter what time of the year you come here - the weather will be beautiful. Spring in Nalchik, where the sanatorium is located, pleases with warm sunshine, summer is never too hot, autumn is not too rainy, and there are practically no severe frosts in winter. Unlike other places in the Russian state, there are no sharp temperature fluctuations on the territory of Leningrad, which can have a negative impact on human health.

There is a beautiful republic in Russia, on the territory of which there are both plains and mountains. This place is rich in fast-flowing rivers and calm, clear lakes, and there are also many beautiful waterfalls. Near the rivers there are deciduous forests, in the foothills pine forests, high in the mountains there is a lot of diverse herbaceous vegetation. And this republic is Kabardino-Balkaria.

The beauty of the Caucasus Mountains attracts a huge number of tourists from all over the world. This is where everyone is located famous mountain Elbrus with a height of 5642 meters. It is here in the mountains that the famous water mineral springs with their healing, healing properties are located. Perfect place for rest and treatment.

On the border of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic with Karachay-Cherkessia, there is a mountain of amazing beauty that attracts crowds of climbers who dream of conquering the highest peak Europe. This mountain is Elbrus. It is an extinct volcano, one of the largest on the planet. The mountain has two peaks - western and eastern, and their height is more than five thousand meters, they are shrouded in snow that does not melt even on hot summer days.

Every year, dozens of climbers ascend Elbrus, usually starting their journey from the southern slope. A cable car was made here, hotels and restaurants are located. The mountain-volcano contains natural treasures - healing springs, for example "Valley of Narzanov". The majestic Mount Elbrus is visible from all corners of the region.

Baksan gorge and a monument to the pioneers of Elbrus

The Baksan Gorge got its name from the name of the big river, the Baksan River, whose source is on Elbrus. During walks along the Baksan gorge, the rapid water flows of the mountain river are perfectly audible, and it is also clearly visible.

In the region of the Baksan Gorge, you can find a sufficient number of camps for climbers who have fallen in love with this place. And in the village of Lakshuta, they even placed a monument to the conquerors of Elbrus, meeting visitors at the bridge over the river.

Many climbers tried to conquer the top of Elbrus, but not everyone succeeded. This was first done by the Kabardian Killar Khashirov in 1829, then by the Balkar guide Akhie Sotaev in 1868 and in 1874. It was to these people that the monument was erected. Sculptures of pioneers, as well as snow leopards, stand on opposite sides of the bridge, and their eyes are fixed on the distance. There is also a bas-relief to Andrey Vasilievich Pastukhov, an explorer of the Caucasus Mountains, who is known for climbing the peaks of Elbrus completely alone, without guides, and also made maps of both peaks of the mountain, having carried out a topographic survey.

“Better mountains can only be mountains that you have never been to,” once said Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky, a famous theater and film actor, songwriter and performer of songs, and just a wonderful person. In 1966, Vysotsky starred in the film "Vertical", the shooting took place in the "Elbrus region". 31 years later, at this place, in the village of Tegenekli, Tyrnyauz district of Kabardino-Balkaria, at an altitude of 1850 meters, the climbing and hunting museum named after Vladimir Vysotsky was opened.

An interesting fact, of course, is that the museum was built from hardened volcanic lava. The museum contains many hunting trophies. It keeps the memory of the conquerors of Elbrus, as well as famous people who have been here.

Location: Tegenekli village, st. Balkarskaya - 3a.

The center of tourism, and especially active tourism, is Mount Cheget, located near Elbrus. Of interest is the cable car line in the snow zone, which does not melt all year round.

Professional skiers often use the second line of the lift, at the level of 2700 to 3080 meters. The first line is used by tourists who just need to stay in the mountains and admire their beauty. As for any developed tourist center, the area of ​​Mount Cheget is equipped with all the amenities for vacationers, these are cozy hotels and restaurants, equipment rental points have also been created here, and you can also buy a lot of souvenirs in small but varied shops.

On the southern slope of the Terskol mountain peak, a bewitching waterfall called "Maiden's Braids" flows down the rocks "Lamb foreheads". It is no coincidence that the name was given to him, because streams of water flowing down vertically really resemble strands of a girl's hair.

The height of the waterfall reaches 30 meters, and the width at the bottom is about fifteen. The waterfall originates from the melting Gara-Bashi glacier, from Elbrus. It attracts with its beauty, picturesque view, in hot weather you can cool off in its freshest waters.

The mountains of the Greater Caucasus have long been famous for their healing waters. One of the valleys is called the Narzanov Valley, thanks to the mineral waters located there, coming out along the Khasaut River. The most favorable place for treatment, enjoying the beautiful views of the mountains and the surrounding nature.

Majestic mountains, clean air, freshness of spruce forests, and most importantly, the presence of healing water, attracted hundreds of people who come to the Caucasus before and still attract. You can get to the Narzanov Valley at any time of the year thanks to good conditions climate.

Before the formation of the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria, there were separate historical areas- Kabarda (Big and Small) and Balkaria. This region of Kabarda was annexed to the territory of Russia more than 400 years ago. And on the anniversary of the entry of these lands into Russia, the monument "Forever with Russia" was erected. The architect is Oltarzhevsky V., the work was done by sculptors Makhtin S. and Listopad M. The monument embodies the image of the Motherland, the image of a woman who gives peace to her people. At the bottom of the monument you can see bas-reliefs telling about important events in the history of the republic.

Location: Nalchik, 400th anniversary square.

The theme of joining the territory of Kabarda and Balkaria to Russia runs through many architectural structures throughout the republic. In the capital of Kabardino-Balkaria, the city of Nalchik, a memorial arch has been installed, its name is “Forever with Russia”, sometimes it is called the Arch of Friendship. They placed it at the entrance to Nalchik on the road from Pyatigorsk. For ten years now, since 2007, it has served as a decoration of the city and has become one of the main attractions.

Location: Nalchik, Idarova street.

The famous Russian poet, Lermontov M.Yu., who glorifies the nature of the Caucasus in his works, has earned special respect and love from local residents Kabardino-Balkaria.

In the city of Nalchik, starting a walk along the big park North Caucasus, called Atazhukinsky Garden, at the entrance you can see a monument to the greatest poet, the hero of his time.

The monument to Lermontov was made by the sculptor Guchapshev Arsen and the architect Midova Asya. The monument is made of red granite, about three meters high, of rough processing, a bronze bas-relief of the poet is attached to it. Looking at the monument to the poet, one involuntarily recalls all his works, praising and very well describing the wonderful nature of the mountains.

The events of the Great Patriotic War affected every inhabitant of our country. Monuments to the grandiose deeds of great heroes are erected everywhere, commemorative signs. The Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria, where fierce battles were fought, is no exception. All those who died, not sparing their lives, defending the slopes of Elbrus, a monument to the "Heroes of the defense of the Elbrus region" was erected.

The monument is represented by aluminum steles of different heights, they bear the names of 219 Heroes who died in battles. The project of the monument belongs to V. Savostikov, V. Korneev, N. Kravchenko, and it was installed in 1986, by May 9. Every year on memorable dates, flowers are laid here as a token of gratitude for quiet life and peace, in memory of fallen soldiers.

The National Museum of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is located in its capital, the city of Nalchik. This is the main center of the entire local history of the region. There are open circles on history, local history, and there is also a library, excursions are held, lectures are given.

The museum has seven exhibition halls and three exhibition halls. And the museum fund is divided into six collections, among them: archaeological, ethnographic, written sources, precious metals and weapons, nature, fine arts and photo libraries. The museum also hosts temporary exhibitions on various topics.

The museum is open every day except Monday, opening hours are from 10.00 to 18.00. The museum is the best place to learn about the history of the area.

Location: Nalchik, Gorky street - 62.

On the shore blue lake there is a diving center of the same name. It was founded in 1982 thanks to the efforts of a student from Moscow, Roman Prokhorov, and the help of the government of the republic. Anyone can visit the center, learn to dive and try scuba diving.

For beginners, dives are conducted with an experienced instructor. The building of the center has all the necessary rooms, including training rooms, storage rooms, modern locker rooms.

In the village of Terskol, closer to the Cheget glade, there is a wonderful cafe "Rakhat". Leads to him scenic road across a small bridge on a mountain river. This is a fairly large cafe, it has a sauna on the banks of the river, as well as a two-level hall with a fireplace.

Guests are offered a choice of meals. local cuisine. Also, visitors can independently catch trout in the pond on the territory of the cafe, and it will be cooked right there. An excellent place for family and youth recreation.

In our article today, one of the most beautiful cities in Kabardino-Balkaria - Nalchik (Russia) will be presented for review. It is small in area, but unique in historical, natural and cultural characteristics. Like any other city, it has its own biography, its own image. After seeing the sights of Nalchik, you will truly fall in love with the pearl of Kabardino-Balkaria. So let's start.

Elbrus

This two-headed handsome volcano is considered one of the largest extinct volcanoes our planet. The height of the western peak is 5642 m, 5621 m - eastern. They are separated by a saddle (5200 m). The distance between the peaks is about 3 km. In terms of magnitude, Elbrus is second only to the Aconcagua volcano and the fire-breathing mountain Llyulaylako (6960 m and 6723 m, respectively). Once Elbrus had colossal power. Its ashes lie at the foot of Mount Mashuk - almost 100 km from the site of the eruption. The conquest of Elbrus is very difficult due to the low temperature (-1.4 ° C even in summer), crazy winds and a rather noticeable smell of hydrogen sulfide. True, this confuses not all tourists and climbers. Dozens of brave men climb this volcano every year. It is better to climb from the southern slope, where the infrastructure is concentrated: hotels, restaurants. The two-headed giant silently keeps priceless riches in the depths. At its foot - "Valley of Narzanov" famous healing springs. Elbrus is visible from all corners of the region.

"Atazhukinsky garden"

This is the name of the city park. Revealing the sights of Nalchik, one cannot but pay attention to it. A park - true pride local residents. And guests who come to Nalchik call it a "green miracle". This is an impressive green area in the very center of the city, which merges with the resort area. This is a kind of museum and reserve. There are more than fifty species of trees and shrubs that grow only in Kabardino-Balkaria. In addition, a huge number of plantings were brought from Korea, Japan, America, China, Siberia, Northern Europe, and Asia. The scope of the article will not allow to list and at least briefly describe each species. Let's just say that even those plants grow in the park that are no longer found in their homeland (for example, ginkgo from Korea and China, peacocks from Japan, etc.). Today, only the city can boast of this beauty.

Palace of Celebrations and "Green Theater"

Graceful architectural building immersed in greenery cozy park, was built in 1957 in honor of the 400th anniversary of the accession of the republic to Russia. This is one of the most picturesque corners of Nalchik. The Palace of Celebrations is located near a mountain river and a lake. The architect of the project (Georgy Mosulishvili) managed to fit the structure into the park ensemble so harmoniously that it not only does not seem alien, but literally merges with the realm of lindens, ash trees, hornbeams, elms, beeches, hazels. And in spring, when the slope of the mountain is covered with snow-white boiling fragrant wild-fruit trees, the Palace of Celebrations looks especially gentle.

WITH " Green theater Many have bright memories. By the way, it was built together with the Palace of Celebrations. Then it was a restaurant. In 2002, it was reconstructed, but the unique architectural solutions and the unique overall look were left. Now even world-class artists can be invited here: the area of ​​​​the amphitheaters in total is 1050 square meters. m. In the basement there is a cafe with a banquet hall. The first and upper floors are reserved for rehearsal rooms, a spacious foyer, dressing rooms. The design of the stands (2560 seats) is monolithic and prefabricated, designed for several decades. The new stage of the theater can accommodate a large orchestra

Museum. Tkachenko

Nalchik owns many cultural institutions. The gallery keeps the works of Levitsky, Bryulov, Aivazovsky, Shishkin, Lansere, Kuindzhi, and the works of contemporary local masters are also exhibited here. Open Art Museum decided back in 1959. Exhibitions change every 1.5 months (personal collections, personal, anniversary, thematic, exchange). The Soviet period is very widely represented. Works of folk art are invariably popular.

Sosruko Restaurant

Undoubtedly, it is included in the sights of Nalchik. Moreover, residents consider it a symbol of the city. It was built on Kizilovka (a mountain 600 meters high) and is visible from any corner of Nalchik. The restaurant is an unusual architectural structure, made in the form of the head of a mighty hero with an outstretched hand with a torch. "Sosruko" has repeatedly received awards and prizes for originality. The restaurant serves national dishes. The authors of the project were F. Kalmykov (sculptor), Z. Ozov (sculptor), Palagashvili (architect). After the overhaul carried out in 2004, two halls appeared - a hunting hall and a youth hall (two-tiered), a decorative waterfall with birds and a faucet from which pours into the makhsym bowl.

The restaurant has become the main link of the center "Malaya Kizilovka" (excursion center). The mountain can be reached by car, but most people prefer the chairlift. The latter also leads to the town of attractions.

Cathedral Mosque

It is located on the site of a former cinema (Shogentsukov Street). The national and regional character is read here in everything: in the very image, in the materials, in the decoration. This is a very colorful and bright building - a blue dome, walls glazed with reflective golden stained-glass windows, decoration from "wild" stones. The mosque itself is located on a small round area. Around - paved tiles with a pattern oriented to Mecca and a decorative fence. total area mosques - 1700 sq. m. It can simultaneously accommodate about 1000 parishioners.

Arch of Friendship

The opening of this memorial was timed to coincide with the 450th anniversary of the friendly union between Kabardino-Balkaria and Russia. The building was designed by Muzarib Bzhakhov, and built at the expense of the personal funds of President Arsen Kanokov.

Initially, the arch was going to be decorated with bas-reliefs depicting scenes from the Adyghe history and the Nart epic. On the pedestals it was planned to install cast bronze figures of people who made a significant contribution to the development of the country. There were many candidates - from Prince Kanokov to Tsar Grozny. Another name was also planned ("Triumphal"). However, all these proposals were rejected by the Public Advisory Council. The debate went on for a long time. As a result, they decided to install bronze statues without personifying them. The name has also been changed.

The Memorial Arch of Friendship was kept in a strict style. Now, fitting into the general ensemble, the city considers it one of several of its calling cards.

Temple

Built in honor of Mary Magdalene. The Church especially honors those who were the first to know about the resurrected Christ. Among the few was Mary of Magdala (the name of the city). This name was given at baptism to the daughter of Temryuk Idarov (daughter of the Kabardian prince). Subsequently, she became the wife of Ivan the Terrible. The dynastic marriage further strengthened the union of Kabarda and Russia (1557).

The temple can accommodate a thousand worshipers. This is a five-domed temple, built in the Byzantine style, taking into account all Orthodox canons. The first stone was laid in September 2004. The consecration took place at the same time. Now it is a beautiful two-story building. The first level was assigned to the baptismal room, workshops, utility rooms, the second - for the worshipers. Most of reserved for the choir. From here you can get to the bell tower. The first level is a porch, a covered porch. The entire site occupies 7 thousand square meters. m, 800 sq. m.

In 2010, on April 18, the first service was held - the Divine Liturgy. This temple is not just the sights of Nalchik, it is the dignity of the Orthodox and all residents of the KBR.

Hippodrome

Highlanders have always held horses in high esteem. Kabardian breeds have always been different from many others. They are unpretentious, hardy, beautiful and graceful. Within the breed, the subspecies Bekan, Shagdiy, Sholokh are especially valued. Horse breeding was encouraged tsarist Russia. Tens of thousands of animals were purchased for the cavalry, mostly of the Kabardian breed.

Race trials of horses on smooth hippodrome races are a kind of exams that give marks to horse breeding. It was decided to build a hippodrome in 1939. However, the war caused enormous damage to the livestock. Only dozens of thoroughbred horses remained in the country's breeding fund. The decline was so huge that the livestock was restored only by the 60s, and even then only partially. The period of perestroika almost brought all efforts to nothing. It seemed that horse breeding was dead. Breeding work was practically stopped, tests were not carried out. The Nalchik hippodrome was collapsing... The impetus for the development of the “half-dead” racing infrastructure was given only in 2006, when the authorities began to understand that the well-known brand called the Nalchik Hippodrome should be treated with the utmost seriousness. The first person to invest part of his personal funds (50 million rubles) in horse breeding was A. B. Kanokov. The idea was supported by many horse owners. Today the complex is truly flourishing. Moreover, it meets high international standards and is fixed by experts.

Excursions

And this is what Nalchik looks like on the map:

You can talk about the sights of Nalchik for a long time and, perhaps, endlessly. Here, every stone has its own history, every corner is proud of the indigenous people. You can't even imagine how colorful Nalchik is - lakes, mountains, forests with outlandish plants, hospitable people, amazing cuisine! On self-acquaintance with the city and its environs will take a lot of time. For those who have only a few days at their disposal, study tours are thought out. And for those who are ready to cope on their own, we offer the main routes of Nalchik to help.

• No. 1 (taxi). Coming from st. Gas (Strelka market), to Malbakhov, Osetinskaya, along Shogentsukov Avenue, to city hospital No. 2, Attoev and to the village of Khasanya.
• No. 2 (trolleybus). From Strelka it goes to Malbakhov, to Osetinskaya, then - Shogentsukov Ave., Balkarskaya Ave., then Lenin Ave., Kuliev Ave. and Orbita (Kirov).
• No. 3 (trolleybus). From Shogenov to Osetinskaya, Malbakhov, to Strelka.
• No. 4 (trolleybus). It follows from TU (management), along Shogenov, Taman division, Ossetian, Shogentsukov avenue, Balkarskaya, Lenin avenue, Kuliev avenue, to Orbita (Kirov st.).
• No. 5 (taxi). From the corner of st. Shogenov-Kalmykov-Keshkov to Pushkin, on the street. Tolstoy to the Faculty of Physical Culture and PMNO.
• No. 6 (taxi). From st. Chechenskaya to Nedelin, along Ashurov, Kabardinskaya, Keshokov, Shogentsukov Ave., st. Kirov, to the 5th microdistrict (Tarchokov).
• No. 7 (taxi). From the cannery to Profsoyuznaya, Mostovaya, Keshokov (Soviet), Pushkin, Tolstoy, along Chernyshevsky, to Kirov, Elbrusskaya, Kalyuzhny, Malbakhov, Gas (Arrow), to Teplichny Lane. The final one is North.