Holy Islands of Greece. Why you should choose the island of Kos for a vacation in Greece
IN Lately Europeans prefer to buy tours to Greece. In this vast and hospitable country each piece of land is unique in its historical heritage and ancient architecture. The most popular resort areas in Greece are Rhodes, Corfu, Crete and the island cannot but admire with its ancient centuries-old history.
Let's discuss in more detail the resort of Kos, which is located in the southeast. It is famous for its wonderful virgin landscapes, colorful sandy beaches, thermal springs and amazing architectural objects. Only here tourists will be able to meet Mediterranean seals swaying on the waves, or see how turtles lay their eggs and bury them in the sand.
The climatic conditions in the resort are very favorable, it is a little cooler here (unlike the same Rhodes), a lot of elite housing of excellent quality has been built in affordable price. It is for this reason that tours to the island of Kos are becoming more and more popular every year. On this piece of land there is a harmonious balance between modern world and pristine nature - this is a real find for those who prefer a measured and unhurried pastime.
It is famous for its special Greek atmosphere, which sets the tone for the mood. Every little thing seems fabulous and mythical. The small Greek province is rich in picturesque bays, small chapels, rocky capes and is simply saturated with the scent of jasmine. A huge advantage is the convenient geographical location relative to nearby resorts such as Leros, Samos, Rhodes, Patmos, Kalymnos and Nissiros.
Transport accessibility
Getting to the tropical resort will not be a huge difficulty, planes fly here and buses run. Ferry service is excellent. Every day, motor ships sail from its shores to any village and the center of Greece. Highways built. As you can see, there are no problems with the transport fork.
Outstanding ancient objects of the resort
One of the most ecologically clean areas is the island of Kos. Attractions are scattered throughout the resort area. Preserved to our times amazing creations humanity. Thriving in the province animal world: adorable flamingos, huge turtles and lazy seals live here. Kos is often called a natural and architectural reserve.
And how much is scattered on the territory ancient ruins! For example, in the central part of the island, archaeologists found objects of the early Christian and Mycenaean era, which were subsequently exhibited in Archaeological Museum. Among the expositions special place is occupied by a mosaic with images of Hippocrates and Asclepius. The evidence that earlier there was life on these lands is the found cemetery with buried children of different ages.
In the eastern zone, many ancient temples with amazing ornaments were found. Also found here is an altar to Hercules and the Venus pandemic. And in the western part, they unearthed the altar of Dionysus, as well as numerous buildings with unusual scientists found the Casa Romana mansion, decorated with frescoes and ancient sculptures. Valuable buildings and expositions from different eras (Roman, Hellenistic, Classical) are presented in the Archaeological Museum, which is located on Freedom Square.
Hippocratic plane tree
Acquaintance with the island, according to local residents, it is better to start with an inspection main square, the majestic tree of Hippocrates (or plane tree of desires) grows on it. According to unofficial sources, the ancient Greek doctor himself planted it about two thousand years ago in order to conduct disputes and exercises with his friends and students under his shady crowns.
Some researchers believe that this tree is no more than 500 years old, but there are no facts confirming these assumptions yet. The circumference of the plane tree is more than 14 m, it stands on a stone structure, and its bulky branches support metal sticks. It is looked after by local residents who consider the tree the main shrine of the province. Every year in the summer season, grandiose festivals are held on the square.
Asklepion temple complex
The island of Kos, the photo of which is presented in the article, is proud of the ruins of the temple of the healer god Asclepius. After a powerful earthquake, the structure was severely destroyed, and small buildings remained in its place. Previously, Asklepion was a medical sanatorium and consisted of several levels.
There was also a medical school with spring springs and majestic arches. In the 4th century, the shrine of Asclepius was erected on the third level. A few more centuries later, wards for the sick and a cathedral of the Doric period were built.
Knights castle
Rightfully proud of his ancient buildings the island of Kos. Tours of the castle leave a lasting impression on tourists. According to reliable information, the construction of the fortress began in the 14th century, and ended only in the 18th century. This was constantly hampered by attacks from the Turks. In the guise of an unusual structure, several architectural styles are visible. There are ancient sculptures, old inscriptions with altars.
The majestic castle of Antimachia
In a picturesque settlement, 3 km from the island, there is a Venetian building, which previously served as a haven for local residents. Appearance The fortress is completely preserved, even despite numerous attacks. The date 1494 is engraved in front of the entrance and the symbol of the knights of the Order of Malta is indicated.
The interior decoration is unremarkable. There are two cathedrals of the 16th and 18th centuries and dilapidated foundations of ancient buildings. But what a panorama opens from the walls of the building - pristine landscapes and the blue sea!
What else is remarkable about the island of Kos?
The map of the resort is presented in the article, on it you can see a small piece of land. Holy cathedrals and churches amaze with splendor and power. Numerous Muslim and Orthodox churches are of great value for the city (the Mosques of Defterdar and Haji Hassan, the Church of St. Paraskeva the Martyr).
We recommend taking a trip to Cape Rufianos - the purest corner of nature with interesting building located behind the picturesque bay of Kefalos. Falls will leave an indelible impression. During the summer, tourists visit places archaeological sites in Pili. Here you will see buildings dating from the Middle Ages. Also learn about the rich historical heritage this place.
You can feel the atmosphere of antiquity at the "market" Agora. It was here that the local Greeks made their purchases. On the territory, the surviving remains are presented to the viewer's attention ancient buildings, bulky columns of original symmetry and a renovated small church. In addition to the architectural and historical heritage, the island of Kos is proud of the amazing natural objects. The sights of the resort area are presented thermal springs, Salt Lake, Zia Village, Peacock Forest.
The best beaches in the province
Almost the entire coast is covered with multi-colored sand. Black, gray, golden and even red beaches of the island of Kos amaze with their magnificence. They are the pride of the country, and some coastlines simply dazzle with an extraordinary landscape - picturesque bays with stone structures. The environment encourages vacationers to active entertainment: windsurfing, diving, yachting and surfing. We offer you to get acquainted with the list of the best beaches of the resort.
Paradise beach is a popular place with beautiful scenery And white sand. The coastline is equipped for guests with various attractions, beach facilities, rental offices and cozy restaurants.
Termes Bay is a small-pebbled and sparsely populated coast with delightful steep archipelagos. In this secluded paradise There is salt Lake, formed in the process of mixing sea water and underground sources.
The coast of Kardamena is one of the busiest resort areas. Extends for several kilometers. This is a very clean sandy beach with a gentle slope into the Aegean Sea. There are always a lot of people here, life is in full swing.
Where to stay?
Comfortable hotels and hotels different levels the island of Kos is rich. Holidays at the resort will appeal to couples with children. Almost all recreational facilities are in excellent condition and operate according to the system ALL inclusive. Most of them occupy leading positions in the world rankings of comfort.
In addition to traditional equipment (sports fields, cafes and beaches), boarding houses are equipped with business centers, meeting rooms, water slides and water parks. Paradise conditions for living and quality service offers the island of Kos. The hotels presented in the article are considered the best, according to people.
Complex Porto Bello Royal 5*
Founded in 2004, this chic hotel with its own mooring for boats is a real oasis in the middle of a green park. There is complete harmony and luxury reigns here. Each vacationer will be able to spend their holidays in heavenly conditions, in separate bungalows. You do not have to think about food and leisure - all the worries will be taken care of by experienced and attentive employees.
Pension Marmari Palace 5*
Huge hotel located on the coast Aegean Sea. Works on system "all inclusive". It invites discerning people who appreciate pomposity, comfort and safety. Luxurious two-room suites with access to the pool are available. Animation entertainment for young children is provided. A club and playgrounds have been opened so that the children can fully and diversify their time.
Summing up, I would like to note that the resorts of Greece are a corner where time stops its course, here in the bosom of wildlife you feel a surge of energy and forget about the worldly fuss. You can verify this only by visiting the island of Kos. The sights of the resort have been preserved since antiquity and are objects of a bygone civilization.
At the words “Islands of Greece”, everyone will remember the inheritance of the Virgin - Holy Mount Athos, Crete, Rhodes. But there are other lands in the Mediterranean that hold real treasures for tourists and Orthodox pilgrims. Our path lies to the Dodecanese Islands. At least three great civilizations have left their mark here. Hellenes, Romans, Christians cultivated this land, grew olive groves and vineyards. The first Christians built basilicas and churches, transformed pagan sanctuaries into Christian churches, sanctifying the islands with their prayers.
Kos island
In the Aegean Sea, in the center of the Dodecanese is the island of Kos. Tourists are usually first of all told that this island gave the world the father of medicine, Hippocrates. But few people know that the Christian history of Kos is inextricably linked with the history of another Dodecanese island - Patmos. However, everything is in order.
The first inhabitants of Kos, the Pelasgians and Carians, inhabited the island about 3,000 years ago. Then the Minoans appeared here, and later the Mycenaeans (late bronze age). In the Iliad, Homer mentions the participation of the inhabitants of the island in the siege of Troy. In the 7th-6th centuries BC. e.
The name of Hippocrates is firmly inscribed in the history of Kos. It was here that he formulated his famous oath, which became a code of professional honor for doctors. In the IV century BC. e. on the island there was one of the first hospitals of antiquity - Asklepion, the sanctuary of the healer god Asclepius, in which the disciples and followers of Hippocrates healed.
During the Hellenistic era, the island of Kos experienced a real heyday, the trade in wine, olive oil and silk was actively developing, and pagan temples were being built. During the Romanesque period, Kos remains an important maritime trade crossroads. In the Byzantine era, the knights of the Order of St. John came to the island. In 1523, it is captured by the Turks, who hold Kos until 1912, when they are replaced by the Italians. After the end of World War II, Kos passes to the British and only in 1948 joins Greece thanks to the intervention of the USSR - Stalin insisted on this during negotiations with Churchill.
The area of the island is 290 sq. kilometers. IN ancient times its population reached 100 thousand inhabitants, today only about 12 thousand people live here. In order to somehow encourage people not to leave the islands, the Greek government pays subsidies to all island residents.
Halfway to the top of Mount Dikeo, the highest point of the island of Kos, at an altitude of about four hundred meters above sea level, lies the small village of Zia. In the 17th century, fleeing the raids of sea pirates, the inhabitants of the island went to the mountains. Today, the village of Zia has about a hundred inhabitants who are still, like hundreds of years ago, engaged in agriculture and cattle breeding. Only in this small village the world-famous goat cheese marinated in red wine is produced, which is incredibly popular with tourists. Just above the village is a small church dedicated to Panagia - the image of the Mother of God "The Tsaritsa". In Greek iconography, "Panagia" can be called a variety of Mother of God icons. Most often, the Panagia corresponds to our Hodegetria, the Guidebook, where the Mother of God holds the baby Christ on one hand with a scroll in her hand, and the other points to him. The temple is painted with magnificent frescoes of the 18th century.
Having bowed to the shrine and starting the descent down to the village, you involuntarily stop, amazed by its picturesqueness. Traditional Greek one- and two-story houses, painted white, blue shutters and doors - all this creates an indescribable feeling of lightness and festivity.
Patmos Island
Patmos is a small mountainous island in the northern part of the archipelago, which the Greeks call the island of the Apocalypse - here is ancient cave where the apostle John wrote the most mysterious book of the New Testament. We know about this from the testimony of his disciple Prochorus and from the text of Revelation itself. The Apostle John stayed on the island for only 16 months, preaching the Gospel, so the inhabitants of Patmos were converted to Christianity by the beloved disciple of the Lord. Today this cave is one of the most revered Greek shrines. And it was preserved thanks to one hermit from the island of Kos.
When in the 5th century A.D. e. Christianity became the state religion of Byzantium, the Christians demolished the temple of the goddess Diana, and in its place erected the Basilica of St. John. But with the decline of the empire, the island was more and more attacked by pirates, the temple was destroyed, and, fleeing the atrocities of sea robbers, the inhabitants left the island.
The providence of God did not leave the island. Once, fleeing from the Turks, the monk Christodoulos, together with other inhabitants of the monastery on Mount Lamos, fled to the island of Kos, the least affected by Muslims and located not far from Patmos, and founded a monastery there in honor of the Most Holy Theotokos. This monastery has not survived to this day. Soon he met the hermit Arseny, and he became the spiritual son of Christodoulos. Arseniy was the heir of a very wealthy landowner Skinuris, but he left the world early and became a monk. Christodoulos and Arseny together dreamed of reviving the hermit life on Patmos. In 1088 Father Christodoulos went to the emperor of Byzantium, Alexius I Komnenos, and presented him with a plan for the revival of monasticism on the island of Patmos. The emperor granted him what he asked for - the right to control the fate of Patmos in exchange for profitable lands on the island of Kos, the inheritance of Arseny. In August of the same year, Father Christodoulos received the “abandoned and uninhabited island of Patmos” as his property. So, thanks to a profitable deal, the emperor found vineyards and olive groves, and the Christian world - the greatest shrines: the monastery of John the Theologian created by the labors of the monks and the cave of the Apocalypse, preserved from destruction, in which even today everything looks the same as in the time of the apostle.
The monastery, having survived the rule of the Muslims and the raids of the Venetians, has not changed much. As in the time of St. Christodoulos, it rises above the island as a heavy stone stronghold, to which, as if in search of protection, the white houses of the inhabitants huddle. Rather a fortress than an abode, it had to withstand the fight against the pirates and the Turks, and everything in it is subordinated to this goal. Heavy wooden doors studded with iron plates, high walls, a small entrance gate, and a floorless balcony on the outer wall above the gate so that boiling oil and lead could be poured over the heads of the invaders. Inside the powerful walls are monastic buildings: katholikon (cathedral, main temple) in honor of the Apostle John and six other churches and chapels, old and new refectories, a library, a sacristy, a repository of archives and manuscripts, workshops, pantries and monastic cells. Among the treasures carefully preserved by the brethren of the monastery, there are parts of the relics of the First Martyr Stefan, apparently also got here from the island of Kos, where there was a basilica destroyed by the Turks, one of the first basilicas dedicated to him.
The library of the monastery is one of the most significant collections of treasures of Christian literature after the libraries of Zion and Mount Athos. Its archive contains a collection of more than a thousand parchments, as well as a golden bull of Alexius I Komnenos, testifying to the founding of the monastery, and the testament of St. Christodoulos to the brethren.
One of the most solemn divine services is performed in the monastery of St. John during Holy Week. Liturgy on Maundy Thursday - the remembrance of the Last Supper by the abbot and the brethren becomes the most important part of the Easter celebrations. Such divine services are performed only in the most significant centers of the Christian world: in Jerusalem, Rome, Constantinople and Patmos. On the day of Holy Pascha, the monastery serves in seven languages.
On the island of Patmos in the region of Chora, there are also two nunneries - the monastery of the Life-Giving Spring, founded in the 17th century by Abbot of the John the Theologian Monastery Parthenios Pankosta, and the monastery of the Annunciation of the Most Holy Theotokos, the nuns of which are engaged in icon painting and gold embroidery.
Nisyros Island
A small island of volcanic origin, with an area of only 41 sq. km, with mineral springs, located between the islands of Kos and Tilos. In ancient times, it was called Porphyris - in honor of the mollusks, from which the most precious dye of antiquity was extracted - porphyry (or purple). It took more than a thousand sea snails to dye one garment, and only the emperor and his entourage could afford to dress in such clothes. This right was assigned to them by a special decree.
Tradition says that a very long time ago the island of Nisyros was connected to the island of Kos. But as a result of a strong underwater earthquake, they were separated by the sea. The distance between the islands is 12 km, and in clear weather, Nisyros is clearly visible from Kos. The capital of Nisyros is the port city of Mandraki. All those sailing to the island are met by a huge icon of the Mother of God "Panagia Nisyros" placed high in the rocks - the patroness of the island.
Above the small town rises the black fortress of the Knights of St. John - those whom we know today as the Order of Malta, and the church of Panagia Spigliani caught on the very edge of the cliff.
One and a half kilometers east of the capital is Loutri, a resort known since antiquity for its healing springs. In the inner part of the island there is a place named Embories. Here everything is buried in greenery - olive and fruit trees, figs, vineyards. Almost in the center of the island, on the plateau of Lakki, there is a crater of a dormant volcano with a diameter of 260 m and a depth of 30 m. The air around the volcano is saturated with sulfuric fumes, and being at the bottom of the crater is dangerous for life - geysers beat there, the soil under your feet is hot in some places. Nevertheless, thrill-seekers will certainly descend the stairs into the crater. Someone aptly dubbed this trip an excursion to hell - the bottom of the volcano is fraught with horror inexplicable for a person.
Enterprising Greeks opened a cozy tavern on the edge of the crater where you can drink real coffee, which they stubbornly call Greek caf é, although it is clearly of Turkish origin. To call this coffee Turkish is to mortally offend a Greek. Hatred for the Turkish invaders, who have oppressed the local population for more than three hundred years, is in the blood of the Greeks. The reality of the Turkish threat today is evidenced by the mandatory presence of the Greek armed forces on all the islands.
In addition to the notorious coffee, thirst can also be quenched with almond milk, a drink almost forgotten in Russia, which is almond juice mixed with water and sugar.
Panagia Spiliani
There are 120 steps leading to the Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God on the island of Nisyros. Cut into the rock, they twist in a tight spiral around the rock. Small surprises await at every turn: here is a cave cut into the rock, in which children were secretly taught the Greek language during the Turkish occupation. Behind the glass is a model of an impromptu school: a monk teaches peasant children to read and write. Behind the next turn - a huge bush of roses growing in a ceramic pot, another round of steps, another door, and, finally, here it is - the Church of the Assumption. Now they serve here on the twelfth holidays. Was here once and cave monastery, but it closed in 1983 - when the last monk died. Now the path leading into the depths of the rock, to the fraternal cells, is closed by a wrought-iron door.
The icon, which prompted the inhabitants of the island of Nisyros to found a monastery in her honor, is located to the right of the royal doors in the main aisle that bears her name. Even more to the right is the icon of the Assumption in a precious silver and gilding setting by local craftsmen. The miraculous Panagia Spiliani, or the All-Tsaritsa Cave, is also in salary, so that only the faces of the Mother and the Child are open to the eye.
Panagia Spiliani belongs to the Hodegetria or Guidebook type, and the Kazan icon, revered in our country, also belongs to the same iconography. The difference is that the baby at Panagia Spiliani sits on right hand. Art critics date the age of the icon to the 12th century, but it was found in the first quarter of the 16th century.
The right side of the face of the Virgin is damaged - a terrible crack crosses her forehead, eye and part of her cheek. The Greeks made several attempts to restore the icon, but each time the paint crumbled, and the face appeared to the believers the way it was found five hundred years ago.
This icon was found by local shepherds in one of the rocky caves of the island. One evening, they saw an unusual light coming from a cave high in the mountain. Leaving the herd, they went up there and found a large icon in the depths of the cave. As soon as dawn broke, they brought a priest there, and the icon was transferred to one of the churches in the city of Mandraki. But the next morning the icon was not in the church. Three times the icon miraculously returned to the cave, as if not wanting to stay in the temple. Then the locals decided to found a monastery on the site of its acquisition and began building a church, in which the icon remains to this day.
In the XVIII - XIX centuries the veneration of Panagia Spiliani spread far beyond the borders of Greece. Many Russian pilgrims rushed to the shrine. It is interesting that the silver casing in which the icon is placed was created by the efforts of local craftsmen precisely on the donations of Russian pilgrims. The Greeks believe that this icon has a special grace to help wives suffering from infertility and virgins who want to find a spouse. Panagia Spiliani is hung with offerings from those whose prayer was heard. The Greeks specially order gold or silver images of those organs or parts of the body that were healed through prayer to the Mother of God, they hang small dolls in gratitude for the gift of children. Among the donations, there are even full-length images of men - these are women who happily found spouses brought their gifts to the icon.
In the same temple is the miraculous copy of Panagia Spiliani. On it, as on the original, part of the face of the Virgin is crossed by a crack. They say that they painted her with an intact face, but the paints soon crumbled, and tears flowed from her eyes - precious myrrh, which the priest collects on a cotton wool and distributes to believers. If the icon does not stream myrrh, then the priest simply dips pieces of cotton wool into olive oil, burning in an unquenchable lamp, and distributes it to the parishioners. Among the offerings to this icon, you can find a brand new tablet with a baby - a pilgrim from Russia found a long-awaited child, hoping to swallow such a consecrated cotton wool. Her faith was rewarded.
Leaving the monastery, we descend into the sun-drenched city. In the distance, on the horizon, one can see other islands of the Dodecanese, on which, I am sure, new discoveries await us.
According to the book"At the Crossroads of Eternity". The book was published by the Lepta publishing house in September 2010.
How to get to the Orthodox service in Greece?
In Greece, there is a feeling that temples are located at every turn. For example, in the village of Kardamena on the island of Kos, where only about a thousand inhabitants live, there are six temples. There is a temple at the airport of the island of Kos, and in the mountains, and close to the hotel temples. All temples have been carefully restored, decorated with flower beds and sometimes landscaped even with playgrounds. But... Getting inside the temples is not easy. Unlike our traditions, in island Greece, temples are often open strictly according to the schedule: from 8.00 to 10.00 and from 17.00 to 19.00. Visitors to these temples are most often our Russian pilgrims and tourists, unmistakably recognizable by their skirts and headscarves. In Greece itself, women do not cover their heads during worship, and a strict attitude towards trousers is perceived as an atavism. Yes, and many other customs and traditions of believers are a curiosity for us, ranging from the absence of mandatory confession before communion to short services in half-empty parish churches.
Note to the pilgrim
On about. Kos can be reached by charter flights (Vnukovo, Domodedovo), there is an airport there. In the south of the island there are large family-type hotels: Mitsis Norida Beach, Mitsis Family Village; in the north, family-type hotels also predominate (Grecotel RoyalPark, Ammos Resort) and villa rentals are practiced, but “savage” vacations are not accepted there, so it’s better to book a hotel or rent a villa in advance. In general, due to the high cost of island life, it is more profitable to stay in an all-inclusive hotel.
On about. Finding accommodation in Nisyros is problematic, but in the summer there is maritime traffic. Every day at 9.30 local time from about. Kos from the village of Kardamena and from the city of Kos ships go there, they return back at 15.30. Latecomers run the risk of spending the night in the open.
O. Patmos in the summer is connected by regular ship flights to the island. Rhodes. Get to Patmos from about. Kos is possible only by taking part in the excursion.
There are bike and car rentals on the islands. Public transport runs strictly on schedule and covers all settlements. Taxi services are very expensive due to high petrol prices.
For those who want to make a trip to the Dodecanese islands and bow to Orthodox shrines:
The most successful pilgrimage routes, in which you will be accompanied by guides who really know Orthodoxy, will be offered to you by the Greek company Beleon, probably the only one among all tour operators, focused specifically on those who want not only to relax, but also to bow to the most ancient shrines of Christianity. In Russia, Beleon's partner is the Labyrinth travel agency, which has been specializing in this direction for many years.
Galina KALININA
Our article is devoted to the most interesting places and popular excursion routes on the island of Kos. The island of Kos, located in the Aegean Sea, belongs to Greece and is the third largest among the islands of the Dodecanese archipelago. This one is amazing beautiful corner nature, has an equally attractive history, there are a great many interesting sights of the island of Kos, inextricably linked with Greek history. Both the Greeks themselves and tourists from different countries peace. Kos Island is a popular tourist center of the Aegean Sea, where you can have a great rest, heal thoroughly, have great fun, do water sports sports - surfing and diving, and also visit many interesting places covered with Greek myths and legends, which we read about in childhood. Curious tourists mass offered exciting excursions on the island of Kos, but those who come here just to relax will like to enjoy the hot sun on the magnificent beaches of Kos. So what can you see on the island of Kos?
A visit to this famous archaeological reserve of the island of Kos is one of the most favorite excursions for tourists. During the journey to Asklepion, you will see the picturesque ruins and ruins of ancient Greek temples dedicated to the god of healing Asclepius. Rising to the top of the monumental architectural complex, you will enjoy the grandeur of the view of the entire Asklepion. This sanctuary is located in the southwest direction from the city of Kos. It stands on a hilly slope immersed in thickets of cypress trees, from here the Aegean coast is magnificently visible. IN temple complex Asclepius, the patron saint of medicine, has long been worshiped. This cult was brought to the island by the Dorians, and since then the Greeks have always revered Asclepius, erecting special temples in his honor - “Asklepions”, the priests of which were called “Asklepiades”, they were traditionally engaged in healing. Temples were built in the mountains in the middle of sacred cypress groves, a prerequisite for the construction of such a religious building was the presence of a river or mineral springs nearby. The temples themselves and the area around them were recognized as sacred, it was allowed to visit such a temple only after special preparations were made: the patient had to fast for several days, then he was fumigated with incense and bathed in sacred temple springs, and only then could he come to the temple, where the priests performed the ritual of sacrifice to the god Asclepius. After that, the patient had to spend the night in the temple on the skin of a sacrificial animal, and in the morning retell his dream to the priests so that they could interpret its meaning and prescribe the appropriate treatment. The methods of treatment in ancient Greek temples were rather non-standard: patients were assigned to drink or smear externally the blood of a sacrificial animal, or they prescribed bloodletting, less often they recommended a special diet, as well as visiting theaters, listening to sacred chants, sometimes horse riding and hunting. The priests compiled treatment tables, where they indicated the course of the disease, the method of treatment, thus, medical knowledge was accumulated in the asklepies for centuries, which were studied by the students of the priests, and only members of their families, whose family roots went back to Asclepius, became them. Over time, major medical schools arose, one of them was founded by the world-famous Hippocrates, in the fifth century BC, he was able to present views on the symptoms of diseases, recommended ways to treat them in a large medical collection, consisting of fifty-nine essays, covering the following sections medical science: anatomy, physiology, pediatrics, nutrition, surgery, gynecology, medical ethics. In addition, the methods of the physician Hippocrates are the origins of modern scientific medicine. He also became the author of the Hippocratic Oath, which is given by doctors all over the world.
Tourists vacationing in the resort of the island of Kos - Kefalos, be sure to come with a tour of the ancient Greek village of Antimachia, located in the middle of the island. This is a traditional village with hospitable people engaged in agriculture, where you can understand what the life of a peasant in Greece is like. For clarity, tourists visit the Greek house with the Antimahiko Spiti exposition, which presents household items, handmade home decorations. Against, museum exposition you will see an interesting windmill. In addition, in Antimachia you can see the real Venetian fortress of Neradzia, the fourteenth century.
(Νερατζιά) - was built by the knights of the Order of St. John, the monks of St. John. The majestic snow-white castle of the island of Kos stands at the entrance to the estuary, and the place was not chosen by chance: the knights wanted to completely control all passing ships. Together with the Fortress of St. Peter in Bodrum, standing on the opposite Turkish coast, they monitored the passage to the Holy Places of Jerusalem during the period of the Crusades. The castle was built on the foundation of the walls ancient city, and the materials of its buildings - ancient archaeological sites - columns, marble, huge slabs were used in the construction. The entrance to the castle is carried out on a stone bridge thrown to it, also built in the fourteenth century, leading from Palm Boulevard. Previously, this bridge united the island of Kos with another tiny island, but it has not survived to this day. The fortress of the Ioannites has powerful walls, double gates, and is decorated with a symbol of chivalry in marble. Inside the fortress of Antimachia are two Orthodox churches: St. Paraskeva and St. Nicholas, which were built after the sixteenth century. From the high walls of the castle you can see sea spaces, small islands scattered over them and beautiful island Nisyros. It is worth warning that snakes are often found on the territory of the fortress, so be careful and look under your feet.
According to an ancient legend, Nisyros is a piece that broke away from the island of Kos, and this small volcanic island got its name from “kisiros” - “pumice”, which has been mined here since ancient times. The area of Nisyros is forty square meters, there are nine hundred and fifty local residents, but several hundred tourists come here every day with excursions. Stepping on the island for the first time, you wonder: how do the locals find so many sources of income here? On a modest volcano rising from the waters of the Aegean Sea, they manage to build hotels with large thermal pools, grow almonds, hunt rabbits, fish, extract pumice, tourism business. Nisyros deservedly became famous for its excellent beaches covered in gray and black volcanic sand, as well as absolutely fabulous villages, but mostly travelers go on excursions to the city of Mandraki.
- the capital of the Greek island of Nisyros and the ideal Greek town, as we imagine it in our imagination: with beautiful white houses, blue shutters, pebble pavements, an old lighthouse. There are simply amazing pavements in Mandraki: they were made from local pebbles, which come in black and white, intricate patterns are made from it, walking along such streets is a pleasure. Wells and porches of houses are decorated with pebbles. old lighthouse Built from black volcanic stones, Mandraki was erected during the early Middle Ages, since then it has seen many wars and conquests of the island. On the main square of Mandraki there are several snow-white houses and a church, over which the main attraction of the city on the island of Kos in Greece rises proudly, in order to see it in all its glory you need to climb three hundred steps - this is the Monastery of Our Lady of the Cave - "Panagia Spiliani", it is stored famous miraculous icon of Our Lady of the Cave. The place for the construction of the monastery, according to legend, was indicated by the Virgin Mary herself to the shepherd, whom the darkness found near the cave, he decided to spend the night there, but he saw a light in the depths, coming closer, he discovered the icon of the Mother of God, radiating a mysterious glow. Then, forgetting about his fatigue, he took the icon and carried it to Mandraki to show the amazing find to the townspeople. This icon was installed in the city church, decorated with a beautiful salary, a divine service was held, and in the morning, it disappeared. They found her again in the cave, took her back to the church, but she was again in the same place, and then the Greeks guessed that a monastery should be built here. In this monastery, there is a completely extraordinary appeal of pilgrims to the icon with a prayer. The monks make silver plates on pins, where the main requests of people are symbolically depicted: a prayer for infertility - that means we need a platinum with the image of a woman holding a child in her arms; prayer for marriage - you need a plate with two rings; some organ or part of the body hurts, then look for a plate with its image. Records are chosen in a shop at the entrance to the hall with an icon, they do not have a fixed price, but most often tourists pay five euros. The acquired plate is attached with a pin under the icon, to the salary, but first they mentally turn to the Mother of God for help. Once a year, a solemn service is held here on the feast of "Panagiri", which the Russians know as the day of the Assumption of the Virgin, it falls on the fifteenth of August. After the service, folk festivals and fairs begin on the territory of the entire island of Nisyros. There is also a "Folklore Museum" in Mandraki, where you can learn more about island traditions. The exposition presents: typical costumes of the inhabitants of Nisyros, weapons different centuries, tools, utensils, old cameras, unique photographs.
- a popular tourist excursion from the island of Kos. The volcano has five craters, the largest of which is Stefanos. The last volcanic eruption was recorded here in the sixteenth century, although it has not died out even now, and periodically releases steam, reminding of itself. Stefanos Crater is a large greyish-yellow pit, similar to images of lunar craters. Tourists can go down the trodden path inside. There is a sharp smell of sulfur in the crater, and volcanic mud boils in small depressions, the temperature of which is one hundred and fifty degrees. Potholes dangerous for tourists are protected by special pins. When preparing for an excursion to the volcano, be sure to wear sneakers so as not to burn your feet in flip flops, in addition, volcanic mud sticks to the sole. But this mud, according to local residents, is healing, it is even sold in souvenir shops in the city of Mandraki and at the entrance to the volcano. According to the assurances of tourists, the mud really noticeably softens and rejuvenates the skin, therefore, in order not to spend money on buying it, it is better to take an empty jar with you and type it in the volcano crater for free. After the last volcanic eruption, a beautiful caldera appeared on the island of Nisyros, overgrown with grass and various flowers, which is why it is not as deserted as it happens with volcanic islands rather emerald green and very colorful. A serpentine road goes up from the volcano, amazing views of the sea, mountains and volcanic landscapes open from there.
(Αστυπάλαια) – a visit to this historic settlement, one of the favorite tourist excursions. Ruins ancient city the islands of Kos are at its southwestern tip on the coast. Astypalea flourished in the sixth century BC, but already in the fourth century there was a strong earthquake that destroyed the city, then its surviving inhabitants built a new city, but already on the northeastern side of the island. During archaeological excavations, scientists concluded that it was a very well-developed city, with powerful stone city walls, up to eight meters wide, fragments of which have survived to this day, and there was also a superbly protected port, an extensive water supply and sewerage system.
- an interesting excursion route of the island of Kos. This is important historical monument, located in the central part of the island, on the Dikeos mountain range. Paleo Pili is often referred to as a ghost town because it used to be an island capital, but since the time of the Byzantine Empire, the city began to decline. Until now, only powerful fortress walls have survived, keeping the ruins of buildings and crypts of ancient rulers, including the mythical king Hamnil. Above the crypts, blessed Christodoulos, the "Church of Stavros" was erected. In addition to this religious building, in Paleo Pili there is the main shrine of the island of Kos - the "Church of the Appearance of Christ", built in the eleventh century, after the locals saw the appearance of Christ more than once in the same place, and then a spring filled there , whose water is holy and healing, it can not deteriorate for years and cures a number of diseases along with a spoken prayer. The surroundings of the ancient town are also beautiful, with numerous olive groves and lush flowering gardens.
Excursions around the island of Kos- varied, but all equally colorful and interesting. Any excursion route will not leave you indifferent, because everywhere you will meet cordiality and Greek hospitality, the beauty of nature, numerous monuments of history and architecture, one way or another connected with Greek myths and legends, which cannot but attract.
The island of Kos in Greece is a great place for tourism and recreation. Here you can soak up the beautiful beaches under the soft sun of the Aegean Sea, see many historical and cultural attractions, as well as try a wonderful light and varied local cuisine full of excellent fish and seafood dishes.
This island has a developed tourism infrastructure, many world-famous resorts: Kefalos, Kardamena, Marmari, Mastichari, there is an island international Airport. There are a large number of beautiful beaches with golden sand and magnificent subtropical vegetation. In winter, flamingos fly to the island, and turtles and Mediterranean seals live all year round.
The island of Kos is famous for being closely connected with the ancient Greek civilization and its myths, because. are mentioned very often. Kos has a rich history. In the Middle Ages, it was conquered by the Persians, then it fell under the rule of Venice, then the Crusaders, Ottoman Empire, Italy, Nazi Germany and finally, with the help of the Soviet Union, returned to modern Greece.
TOP 12 attractions of the island of Kos
Each civilization that has visited the island of Kos has left behind many unique monuments of history, culture and architecture. Tourists can see all these magnificent sights during their vacation and get a lot of interesting information about this amazing place. So what can you see on the island of Kos?
This ancient greek temple is the most popular tourist attraction. It was erected in the 4th century BC. in honor of the god of healing Asclepius. Here in ancient times they worshiped this deity and were engaged in medical work. Moreover, the treatment was prescribed on the basis of the dreams that the patient saw, who spent the night in the temple.
Today these ancient ruins are listed cultural heritage UNESCO. Indeed, in the temple for many centuries in a row, the mankind of the Mediterranean accumulated initial knowledge in the field of medicine. It is known that in Asklepion on the island of Kos, according to ancient tablets, the father of modern medicine, Hippocrates, received his knowledge.
This fortress is another famous attraction of the island of Kos. It is located near its capital of the same name. The fortress walls of this castle impress with their power. During their construction, medieval builders used local stone and marble. And outside the walls of the fortress you can see Christian churches.
The castle was built in the XIV-XVI centuries by the Crusaders of the Order of St. John to protect themselves from the attacks of the Ottoman Turks. You can explore it all day, admiring medieval builders, tombs, altars and studying the peculiarities of life of those times. Interestingly, the famous Plane Tree of Hippocrates grows near the castle.
Another attraction of Kos, as the birthplace of medicine, is the famous Plane Tree of Hippocrates. This huge tree, which is several centuries old, growing on the square next to the castle of the Knights of St. John, according to legend, was planted by the father of medicine himself. The islanders believe that it was under this plane tree that he worked with his students.
Perhaps this is just a legend, because. according to experts, the tree is about five hundred years old. Most likely, this is a descendant of the plane tree of the great healer, because he lived in V-IV centuries BC, i.e. 26 centuries ago. However, it is the oldest plane tree in Europe and a special metal structure has been created to support it. The sprouts from the Hippocratic Plane tree are distributed throughout the world.
Another ancient and symbolic place, located among the ruins next to the ancient Greek market square Agora, dedicated to the god of winemaking. The altar was discovered by archaeologists only in the 20th century and to this day is one of the sensational sights of Kos and all of Greece.
The altar of Dionysus was badly damaged as a result of one of the earthquakes, so today it is only fragments of the temple, but even in this form it is a huge historical, cultural and scientific value, loved by Greeks and tourists from all over the world. After all, only a miracle saved it for humanity.
There is something to see on the island of Kos and more modern. This fortress is a medieval castle, built here by the knights of the Order of St. John in the 15th century, during the era of Venetian rule. Many centuries have passed, but the powerful walls, the bastion of this castle and the ruins of three Christian churches (St. Mary, Nicholas and Praskovia) have survived.
In the 16th century, local residents hid in the fortress of Antimachia, fleeing from the Turks and pirates. But for two centuries it has been completely abandoned. Today it is one of the famous attractions of the island of Kos and throughout Greece, where various concerts or theater performances are periodically held for the islanders and tourists.
On the island of Kos there is a sufficient amount tour agencies, which offer a large selection of different excursions, but conventionally all excursions on this island can be divided into two parts. The first is directly trips around the island, and the second is sea excursions to other islands.
Before you decide which excursions you should go on, you need to decide where it is best to buy them. First of all, this can be done with guides, but the downside of such purchases is that the price is too high. In addition, in the case of buying an excursion from a guide, you will probably expect a long and tedious gathering of the entire group at different hotels (sometimes it takes several hours). So that in the end you are not disappointed, it is best to buy excursions from local companies. And don't listen to scary stories hotel guides about the fact that buying excursions in other places, you automatically lose your insurance, etc. These are all lies aimed at maximum earnings. Travel insurance is valid regardless of which organizer you purchased the tour from.
The most popular and demanded among tourists is sightseeing tour on the island, which is day trip along Kos with a visit to the main island attractions. In this case, each organizer makes his own itinerary and includes certain sights in it. Usually this ancient market with the temples of Hercules and Aphrodite, the mosque of the Ottoman Empire, the Odeon - a Roman musical theater, ancient temple medicine Asklepion and others. To make the tour not too boring, it includes a tasting of the best island wines, a visit to an olive oil factory and a honey factory, where they produce delicious thyme honey, which you can not only taste, but also buy. Some time is allocated for swimming.
A lot of admirers and the most interesting excursion called "Greek Evening". The name of such an excursion already implies something interesting. The main center of such a trip is the island village of Zia, where at first tourists are provided free time to get to know locality and the purchase of souvenirs, and then everyone is invited to a cozy tavern with an open terrace and sea views. Tourists to taste different dishes Greek cuisine and the whole meal is accompanied by an interesting entertainment program with the participation of local artists.
For 10-15 euros you can go on an excursion to the hot springs. In fact, such a low cost of the excursion is due to the fact that you can get to these sources on your own. It is only necessary to take into account that high season in this place there is nowhere for an apple to fall, and the source itself cannot simultaneously accommodate everyone. Before going on such an excursion, you need to weigh the pros and cons, since negative reviews This tour has more than enough.
While vacationing in Greece, you can visit the popular Turkish resort of Bodrum, which is located just 13 miles from Kos. Tourists are delivered to the shores of Bodrum by ship. The city itself is located between two beautiful bays, which are separated by St. Peter's Castle, a visit to which is included in the excursion program. In addition to exploring local attractions, tourists are given free time during which they can walk along the city streets, look into local shops and markets. All the most interesting things in Bodrum are concentrated in the Old Town.
Quite in demand among tourists is an excursion to the island of Nisyros, which is rightfully considered one of the most beautiful island in the Aegean Sea. The length of the coastline of this island is 28 meters. People come here for the incredible beauty, which was mostly formed due to volcanic eruptions. In addition, here tourists have the opportunity to take a walk along one of the largest hydrothermal craters in the world. The beginning of the tour is a visit to the volcano, where from a height of 400 meters you can admire the beautiful landscapes. The tour also includes a visit to the capital of the island, the village of Mindraki, with its blue and white houses and narrow streets. The monastery of Panagia Spiliani is located in this city, part of which is located in the castle of St. John and was built in a cave.
If you are one of the outdoor enthusiasts, then you should visit the village of Marmari, located 15 kilometers from the city of Kos. It is in this village that the Erika's Horse factory is located, where horses are taught German and English rules riding. Everyone, regardless of age, can come and ride on chic horses. There are different directions in horse riding, ranging from pony rides for the little ones, to horseback riding on the beach and therapeutic (healing) riding.
