The most unusual lighthouses in Russia and the former Soviet Union. The largest lighthouse in the world. Photo and description

In Estonian, the lighthouse is called tuletorn, which means “fire tower”, “tower with fire”. And somewhere, where, but in Estonia, 1/10 of which is occupied by islands, they know a lot about lighthouses! Through one and a half thousand islands, through sharp headlands and narrow straits, trade ships of Hanseatic merchants and Swedish galleons and galleys have long gone. There are many lighthouses here, they fit perfectly into the landscape, and many of them have a very long history.

The Tallinn lighthouse is notable not for its beauty and antiquity (it was built after the war), but for its location: in the usual urban area of ​​Ülemiste, almost in the courtyard behind a high fence. You can’t see the sea from its foot, but on the other hand, from the sea, the lighthouse itself is perfectly visible and its fire sparkles among high-rise buildings.

Surupi, Harju County- in other words, the neighborhood of Tallinn. A complex of two lighthouses on a high bank and right by the water, both of which can be seen at once only from the sea. The lower lighthouse, built in the middle of the 19th century, is unique in that it is made of wood. This design, the width of which is almost equal to the height, is not at all similar to the lighthouses familiar to us - towers directed to the sky.

The lighthouse of the island of Ruhnu is notable even for its location: Ruhnu, or Rune in Swedish, is a tiny island a hundred kilometers from the Estonian coast. No other land is visible from it, but meanwhile, there is a village and the oldest in the Baltic wooden church. And the lighthouse itself high place- a metal structure reminiscent of the Martian tripods from the "War of the Worlds" by HG Wells. It only has 5 "legs", including the central one, and it was built long before the famous novel was written - in 1877. The venerable age is given out by rivets at the joints of metal sheets - then electric welding had not yet been invented either.

Tahkuna lighthouse on the island of Hiiumaa- about the same years, and also metal, but of a completely different shape: a slender tower fifty meters high. Perhaps this is the most beautifully located of the existing Estonian lighthouses - on a narrow cape, between forest and wastelands, blown north wind. Near the lighthouse there is a small monument in the form of a metal structure with a bell leaning over the sea: it is dedicated to those who died on the ferry "Estonia", the local "Titanic", which in 1994, with almost a thousand people on board, was sunk by a storm. The floating debris, including several empty boats, washed up on Cape Tahkuna. The bell on the monument begins to ring when the wind reaches the same strength as in that ill-fated storm.

The lighthouse Kõpu (Dagerort) on the island of Hiiumaa is by far the main Estonian lighthouse. Built in the 1550s by Hanseatic merchants, and improved by the Swedes in the 17th century, this is one of the oldest lighthouses in the world - guidebooks say that it is the second after the Spanish one in A Coruña, built by the Roman Empire, but in fact the fifth: there is also a medieval lighthouse La Laterna in Genoa and a couple on British Isles. Like the wooden Surupi, Kõpu does not look at all like the graceful lighthouses of our time - impregnable man-made rock, on the flat "top" of which a powerful fire was once simply lit, and in the 19th century a turret with a lantern was built on. The narrow staircase inside the lighthouse was broken at the same time - and before that, the caretaker climbed up the ropes.

Lighthouse Kiipsaare on the Harilaid peninsula, which, in turn, is on the island of Saaremaa - one of the most little-known and hard-to-reach in Estonia, but perhaps the most spectacular. No, theoretically - an ordinary concrete tower of the 1930s, but here's the location ... the lighthouse is abandoned, it stands in the water not far from the coast and leans noticeably towards the sea, which has washed away for several decades Sandy shore. All around - desertion, wind, tall grass. Estonian local historians are wondering what will happen first: someone will guess to climb onto the lighthouse and light it, or the tower will finally collapse.

Beacon fire

Huge Russia is rich in islands, but we have much fewer outstanding lighthouses: almost everything was either built much later and without frills, or destroyed by wars and restored according to standard projects, such as the numerous lighthouses of the Black Sea.

Tolbukhin (Kronstadt)- this unsightly round beacon on an artificial island can be seen from the western tip of Kotlin Island, a few kilometers further down the bay. Nevertheless, this is the oldest lighthouse in Russia, built in 1719 by decree of Peter I, and it is difficult to imagine how many "flags to visit us" he saw.

Storozhensky lighthouse (Leningrad region)- a thin graceful tower of the early twentieth century shines not over the sea, but over Lake Ladoga, and its fire is visible for tens of kilometers. This is the highest historic lighthouse in Russia - 71 meters. To call it "the highest in the world" or "in Europe", as some guidebooks write, is, of course, too much - but among the lighthouses on fresh water, it is perhaps really out of competition.

Sekiro-Voznesensky Skete on the Solovetsky Islands ( Arhangelsk region) - here the lighthouse is unusual in that it is built right in the dome of the Ascension Church, standing on top of Sekirnaya Gora - not the highest, but the most noticeable place from the sea of ​​the Bolshoy Solovetsky Island. The skete has been known since the 16th century, the current church was consecrated in 1862.

Another temple-lighthouse of Nicholas the Wonderworker is located in the Crimea, near the village of Malorechenskoe and is well visible from Alushta. Built in 2004, it is very beautiful, but still, unlike the Solovetsky church, here the connection of the church with the lighthouse is just an unbanal design move.

Lighthouse at Cape Svyatoy Nos (Murmansk region)- one of the most inaccessible in Russia, as it stands on a deserted cape separating the Barents Sea from White Sea. The lip (that is, the bay) under the cape has the eloquent name Lopskoe Stanovishche. The low wooden tower was built in the 1860s and has been perfectly preserved since then.

Murmansk memorial lighthouse- well visible from Kola Bay or from the railway station (which in Murmansk is located near the port): a red-and-white turret among gray high-rise buildings on a slope. Nearby is the snow-white church of St. Nicholas-on-Waters and the cabin of the Kursk submarine raised from the bottom. In fact, this is not a lighthouse, but only a memorial stele dedicated to all those who died at sea in peacetime. Inside the lighthouse there is a memorial hall with books in memory of sailors of different fleets. The thickest of these books is by no means with military sailors, but with fishing ones.

Petrovsky lighthouse in the village of Vyshka (Astrakhan region)- founded by Peter I during a campaign against Persia, rebuilt in stone at the end of the 19th century, it was supposed to mark the entrance to the navigable channel of the Volga ... but the sea left - the water level fell, the Volga washed up new shores, and now the lighthouse stands sadly in the middle of the steppe. Even more vivid scenes could have been left by the dried up Aral Sea ... but there were no capital lighthouses on its shores.

It's always dark under the lighthouse (Japanese proverb)

Not quite ours, but very interesting lighthouses:

Adzhigol lighthouses at the mouth of the Dnieper (Kherson region, Ukraine) - two lighthouses on artificial islands, 35 and 70 meters high, are distinguished by the fact that they were built by Vladimir Shukhov, the creator of the famous "hyperboloid structures" like the radio tower on Moscow's Shabolovka. Hyperboloids, light and very strong due to their shape, look amazing: it seems that the openwork net just hangs on the lighthouse, but in fact it is it that holds all its weight.

The Aktau lighthouse on the Caspian Sea (Mangyshlak region, Kazakhstan) is unique in that it stands on the roof of an ordinary high-rise building. In the 1960s and 70s, when the city of Shevchenko was being built (that was the name of Aktau under Soviet rule), the lighthouses were not yet automated and needed a caretaker, and the city’s designers found an ideal way out - to build a multi-storey building with a lighthouse on the roof, and assign the caretaker the nearest apartment on the top floor.

Holy Landmarks of Pomors

in Russian northern seas long before the lighthouses, there was a well-functioning system of landmarks, which was created by the coast-dwellers. Here the sky is often overcast, and in summer it is a completely polar day, leaving no opportunity to navigate by the stars. But on the capes and islands, the Pomors set up crosses with characteristic triangular tops: at the canonically located Orthodox cross, the slanting crossbar with its upper end seems to the north.

The crosses also served as signs - somewhere as a leading sign (and still relevant in their places!), And somewhere - as border signs, marking the possessions of the Russian people; on important islands and capes, they stood in groups described in the sailing directions, and made it possible to unmistakably identify the place. Religious plots were carved on the western side of the crosses, and on the eastern side there was often something like sailing directions, clues to the sailors who went to the cross.

On trade route from Europe to Arkhangelsk, the crosses stood in direct line of sight from each other on the rocks Kola Peninsula and the White Sea skerries, and in some places (say, near Teriberka) this "track" has been recreated. Pomeranian crosses have survived even in Svalbard and Novaya Zemlya. And this is one of the strongest images of Rus': the Orthodox cross as a guide.

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The top 10 highest lighthouses in the world are opened by an operating lighthouse in the southeast of Lake Ladoga, in the village of Storozhno, Volkhov District Leningrad region. This is the fourth lighthouse that was built on this cape. It is a stone tower 71 m high, to the top of which - in the gallery - a spiral staircase of 399 steps leads. The focal plane of the Storozhensky lighthouse is at a height of 76 m. Fresnel lenses are used on the lighthouse. Visibility range in clear weather is: white light - 22 miles, red light - 17 miles. According to various sources, it was built either in 1906 or in 1911.

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The second tallest lighthouse in China. The lighthouse is a triangular tower.

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Mulantou (also known as Hainan Lighthouse) is the highest in China. Mulantou is a functioning beacon that emits two flashes of white light every 15 seconds.

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This is the tallest lighthouse in Russia and the tallest wing (that is, necessarily working in pairs) lighthouse in the world. The construction of a lighthouse of this height on Lesnoy Mole was proposed by Yevgeny Gnitsevich in 1986. Subsequently, this proposal was implemented. The “partners” of the lighthouse are Lesnoy Mole Folding Front (own height - 16 meters, above sea level - 21 meters) and Lesnoy Mole Folding Middle (own height - 24 meters, above sea level - 26 meters). The lighthouse is located on the territory of the shipyard and ensures the safe entry of ships from the Sea Canal to one of the technical bays of the city.

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The construction of this lighthouse, located next to the old one, took place from 1829 to 1835 with a budget of 332,214 francs. The lighthouse was not damaged during World War II. It is currently one of the few lighthouses in France available to the public and opens from scenic view to the neighborhood.

The lighthouse is operational and this moment it uses two xenon lamps with a power of 1600 watts. Usually one lamp turns on, only in bad weather requires the use of two lamps at the same time.

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The main lighthouse of the Genoese port and the symbol of Genoa. It is one of the oldest surviving lighthouses in the world. With a height of 77 meters, 375 steps lead to its top. Ranked second in the list of the tallest "traditional" lighthouses in the world and is the highest lighthouse in Italy and the Mediterranean.

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- the highest lighthouse in Europe and the highest "traditional lighthouse" in the world. In the immediate vicinity is located " old lighthouse» with a height of 31 meters, which worked from 1845 to 1902.

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The top three lighthouses-record holders opens "Sea Tower" is Japan's tallest lighthouse. It functioned from December 2006 to May 2009, after which it was restored and reopened.

The Marine Tower (Yokohama Marin Taw±) is a 106-meter lattice lighthouse with observation deck at a height of 100 meters. Initially, at night, the tower support itself was illuminated in green and red in accordance with its markings, but now, after the renovation in May 2009, the illumination is carried out with white lights.

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It is the second tallest lighthouse in the world and the tallest lighthouse. North America and throughout the Western Hemisphere. The memorial was erected in honor of Oliver Perry, who won the Battle of Lake Erie in 1813, and is also a symbol of peace between Britain, Canada and the USA.

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The reinforced concrete structure has a height of 55 meters, the diameter of the lantern is 4.5 meters, its light is visible at a distance of 22 nautical miles (40.7 km).

According to the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China, in order to improve the navigational efficiency of the lighthouse, automatic system ship recognition and VHF base stations.

According to Xinhua, the new lighthouse will "improve the safety of navigation in the waters South China Sea", as well as the ability of the PRC to conduct rescue operations at sea, prevention and mitigation natural Disasters and protection environment. The construction of the lighthouse began in October 2015.

This lighthouse has become one of the most talked about in the world, but this is more likely due to the difficult political situation in the South China Sea, the territory of which is claimed by several states at once.

However, there are much more impressive lighthouses in the world. Below are the 10 tallest lighthouses in the world.

10. Storozhensky lighthouse, Lake Ladoga, Russia - 71 meters

The Storozhensky Lighthouse is an operating lighthouse in the southeast of Lake Ladoga, in the village of Storozhno, Volkhov District, Leningrad Region.

This is the fourth lighthouse that has been built on this cape.

It is a stone tower 71 m high, to the top of which - in the gallery - a spiral staircase of 399 steps leads.

The focal plane of the Storozhensky lighthouse is located at a height of 76 m.

9. Baishamen Lighthouse, Hainan, China - 72 meters

The Baishamen Lighthouse is a concrete structure located in the Hainan Province of China.

The focal plane reaches a height of 78 meters. The lantern lights up every 6 seconds.

The lighthouse itself is cylindrical and made entirely of concrete.

The lighthouse was built at the beginning of the last decade.

8. Mulantou Lighthouse, Hainan, China - 72 meters

The lighthouse stands at the northern end of the bay. It is called "the first lighthouse in Asia".

It is located at an altitude of 97.2 meters above sea level.

With a building height of 72.12 meters, the lighthouse is the tallest in China and eighth in the world.

Ships passing by can see its light for 44 km.

Translated into Russian, Mulan means "magnolia".

7. Rear gate beacon of the Sea Canal, St. Petersburg, Russia - 73 meters

The rear gate beacon of the Sea Canal, located in St. Petersburg, is considered the highest in Russia - its height reaches 73 meters.

He points the way to the ships that enter the port of the city and leave it.

The lighthouse is made of metal.

6. Lighthouse Gatville, France - 75 meters

The lighthouse is located near the town of Gatville-le-Far, Normandy, France. The height of the lighthouse is 74.85 meters.

The diameter of the lighthouse at the base is 9.25 meters, at the top - 6 meters. Wall thickness: at the base - 2.6 meters, at the top - 1 meter. In order to climb to the top of the lighthouse, you need to overcome 365 steps.

The first Gatville lighthouse was built in 1774. It was a 25-meter granite building. Today this building is not used as a lighthouse. It is occupied by the French Navy.

The construction of a new lighthouse, which is located next to the old one, took place from 1829 to 1835. The construction budget is 332,214 francs. The lighthouse was not damaged during World War II.

It is currently one of the few lighthouses in France available to the public. It offers a picturesque view of the surroundings.

At the moment, the lighthouse uses two xenon lamps with a power of 1600 watts. Usually one lamp turns on, only in bad weather it is required to use two lamps at the same time.

5. Lighthouse of the Genoese port, Italy - 77 meters

La Lanterna is the main lighthouse of the port of Genoa. It is the symbol of Genoa. It is one of the oldest surviving lighthouses in the world. The height of the lighthouse reaches 77 meters, 375 steps lead to the top.

The first lighthouse on this site was built around 1128. In those days, the lighthouse was located on an important port road, known as Via de Francia, and was quite far from the city limits.

The lighthouse was damaged by American and British air attacks during World War II. In 1956 the lighthouse restoration project was completed.

4. Lighthouse on the island of Vierge, France - 82.5 meters

This is the highest stone lighthouse in Europe. It was built in 1902 and is the tallest traditional lighthouse in the world.

The lighthouse is located on the northwest coast of the province of Brittany.

It is made in the shape of a truncated cone and turns on the light every five seconds. The light is visible at a distance of 50 kilometers.

The operation of the lighthouse is fully automated, but the lighthouse has personnel in case of malfunctions.

3. Marine Tower, Yokohama, Japan - 101 meters

This is a lattice lighthouse with an observation deck at a height of 100 meters in the Naka area, Yokohama, Japan.

The light characteristic of the beacon is to flash every twenty seconds, as a result of which the color of the emitted light changes from red to green and vice versa.

Initially, at night, the tower itself was illuminated in green and red in accordance with its markings, but now, after the renovation in May 2009, the illumination is carried out with white lights.

The lighthouse was built in 1961. In good weather and clear air, visitors can see Mount Fuji from a 100-meter observation deck.

On December 25, 2006, the lighthouse was temporarily closed for technical reasons. Then the Yokohama city government announced the restoration of the lighthouse. After repairs, the tower was reopened on May 23, 2009, just in time for the city's 150th anniversary.

2. International Memorial to Perry's Victory and Peace, Put-in-Bay, Ohio, USA - 107 meters

The Peace Memorial was created in memory of the bloody battle and victory of the American squadron over the English flotilla on Lake Erie during the Anglo-American War (1812-1814).

The International Peace Memorial was built near the place where the battle took place - in the city of Put-in-Bay.

It was built from 1912 to 1915 "to instill the lessons of peace throughout the world." Not far from the column was a monument to Oliver Perry.

The memorial symbolizes lasting peace between Britain, Canada and the United States.

1. Lighthouse Jeddah, Saudi Arabia - 133 meters

The Jeddah Lighthouse is a 133 meter high concrete and steel structure. The lighthouse was built in 1990.

It is located in the city of Jeddah in Saudi Arabia on north side city ​​port.

The beacon fires three flashes every 20 seconds.

The lighthouse is considered the tallest in the world.

The tallest lighthouse in the world is the Yokohama Sea Tower. The building is located in the largest port city Japan Yokohama. Yokohama Marine Tower was opened in 1961 to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of Yokohama Port. It has a height of 106 meters (348 feet) and is officially recognized by the Guinness Book of Records as the tallest lighthouse in the world. The tower was built in 13 months in Yamashita City Park and is supposed to symbolize the character of Yokohama.

On December 25, 2006, the tower was closed due to financial difficulties of the building's owners. The city authorities bought and renovated the tower and began to look for companies to manage it. List Co.Ltd. acquired the rights to negotiate with applicants for management, and the second opening of the tower took place on the 150th anniversary of the port of Yokohama in 2009.

The round steel frame of the tower is painted silver on the outside and olive brown on the inside. The light of the lighthouse with the power of 600 thousand candles, visible 360 ​​degrees within a radius of 40 kilometers, flashes in the dark every 20 seconds in alternating red and green rays. Initially, the trunk of the tower was also lit, depending on the beacon signals in red and green light, but as of May 2009, the trunk light is white.

The height of the tower is divided into 30 floors, of which six are open to the public. On the ground floor there is an information desk, a bar, a cafe and a dining room. On the second floor there are souvenir shops, an entrance to the observatory, a presentation center, where photos, paintings and videos provide information about the city and the tower, their history. The third floor is reserved for the Museum of the Sea Tower and the Celebration Hall, where various ceremonies and festive events are held. On the fourth is a restaurant.

Maxim Morozov, Samogo.Net

Then I found a Russian lighthouse in 1816, even before the invention of Yablokov's Bulb, the Russians had lighthouses Back in 1816, a Russian lighthouse was installed here, which we see all over the world, which was previously heated with fish oil and oil, and this place was called Eski Foros - the old lighthouse.
The construction of the lighthouse took 3 years and ended in 1816. The lighthouse began its work on June 16, 1817 after one of the first lighting devices was installed on it, clearly before Yablochkov.
The lighthouse was a conical stone tower about 36 m high with a wooden lantern of regular decagonal shape 3.3 m high. The lantern was equipped with a Russian catoptric lighting device of 15 lamps with reflectors, which shone with a constant white light, providing visibility for 12 nautical miles. now they say that he, like Edison's light bulb, was not Russian.
In addition to the tower, as always, three houses were built inside the courtyard - for the caretaker, the lighthouse workers and storage facilities. The entrance to the caretaker is in a deplorable state. This is how he looked in 2013, when he was on the territory of Ukraine. But the lighthouse is still functioning. And what it looks like today you will see at the very bottom! Now let's go to other lighthouses.

Lighthouse Aniva, Sakhalin

Photo: Vyacheslav Ivanov / Photobank Lori

The lighthouse at Cape Aniva in the southern part of Sakhalin was installed in 1939. The height of the nine-story tower is 31 meters, the height of light above sea level is 40 meters. Designed by engineer Miura Shinobu. Erected on the Sivuchya rock in an area with strong currents and frequent fogs. The light of the beacon was visible at a distance of 17.5 miles. The lighthouse is currently abandoned.

And in Vladivostok, 5 lighthouses were built: Basargin, Skryplev, Tokarevsky, Rosset and Shkotovsky range of lighthouses.
"Take care of the starboard side" - says the old rule, which is relentlessly observed by generations of sailors around the world. Running aground or running into rocks off the coast of unpredictable and foggy Primorye is as easy as shelling pears, so the system of beacons warning about approaching the coast, necessary as air, originated in the 19th century.
Today, the port city of Vladivostok begins immediately after the safe sea "gates" - the starboard side of the ships pass the green beam of the Basargin lighthouse, and the left side passes Skrypleva Island, which shines red.

Lighthouse Basargin

Basargin Vladimir Grigorievich - Vice Admiral, circumnavigator, explorer of Peter the Great Bay and Russian America.
The Basargin lighthouse is an important navigation landmark for approaching from the sea and sailing through the Eastern Bosphorus to the Golden Horn Bay and the port of Vladivostok. Together with the lighthouse of Skryplev Island, it forms the entrance gate of Vladivostok. The lighthouse was built in 1937. His first tower was a simple wooden structure. Cape Basargin - the southeastern tip of the peninsula of the same name - is steep, rocky and bordered by underwater and surface rocks. In 1958, instead of a wooden sign, a stone prismatic octagonal tower was built, 8 meters high from the base and 28 meters high from the sea level.

Lighthouse Skrypleva
The lighthouse on Skrypleva Island is the first lighthouse in Primorye. Its construction began in July 1876.
The pilot writes the following lines about Skrypleva Island and the lighthouse on it: “Skrypleva Island, 45.6 m high, lies at the entrance to the Bosporus Ussuri Bay. The shores of the island are steep, rocky and bordered by surface and underwater rocks.
The island was named in honor of the sailor captain-lieutenant Konstantin Grigorievich Skryplev. He made up nautical charts and was engaged in the description of the coast in Peter the Great Bay
The Skryplev lighthouse, like its "partner" - the Basargin lighthouse, has essential in ensuring the navigational safety of navigation of ships proceeding to the port of Vladivostok from the Ussuri Bay. Of the Vladivostok city lighthouses, the Skryplev lighthouse is the most powerful - its red flashing light is visible for 20 miles, from almost anywhere in the Ussuri Bay.
With the passage of the Basargin - Skryplev line on the leaving ship, the countdown of the miles traveled after leaving the port begins.
On the same line, the countdown of the miles traveled by the ship on the voyage or in the campaign ends. From now on, the ship is at home!

Lighthouse "Tokarevskaya cat"


The most famous and most accessible to visit is the Tokarevsky lighthouse, located just 9 km from the center of Vladivostok.
The lighthouse on Tokarevskaya Koshka is considered the point where the mainland ends and the sea begins, passing into the Pacific Ocean.
Lighthouse Tokarevsky is one of the oldest lighthouses. It was founded in 1876. The lighthouse is installed at the tip of the Tokarevsky cat, departing from Cape Tokarevsky.
In navigation, a cat is a sandbank that runs parallel to the shore and dries up at low tide.

The cape abruptly ends in the direction of the Eastern Bosphorus Strait, located between the southern coast of the Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula and north coast Russian islands.
Tokarevsky's cat has a length of about 750 m and is a narrow rocky spit. It is artificially raised and looks like a dam. small depths and tidal currents high speeds in the immediate vicinity of the tip of the Tokarevsky cat make the passage of ships in the East Bosporus between the cat and Cape Nameless very difficult and pose a serious danger to navigation. At the end of the 18th century, with the emergence of navigation here, it became necessary to protect this dangerous Tokarevsky cat.

The lighthouse tower is stone, round, 11.9 m high, on an octagonal foundation. The tower was built in 1910 and has survived to the present day. The standard color of the turret is white. The range of the beacon fire is 12 miles. Fire red and white. For convenient communication with the lighthouse tower, a bridge was built that connected it with the lighthouse town on Cape Tokarevsky.

I don't know the exact name of the lighthouse on Atlasov Island. Photos by Valentin Yakovenko. The lighthouse is located on the Sea of ​​Okhotsk. Most likely abandoned.

Yenikal lighthouse, Crimea

Photo: Veslav Luzanov

The Yenikal lighthouse is located on Cape Lantern in the eastern part of Crimea. Built in 1820 to facilitate the passage of ships through Kerch Strait. It is named after the nearby Yeni-Kale fortress. Destroyed in 1942. The current tower was built in 1953. The lighthouse is active.

Lighthouse Vigrund, Narva Bay

Photo: Mikhail Pozdnyakov / Panoramio

Lighthouse Vigrund is located on the rocky hill of the same name. desert island in the middle of a shallow water zone in Narva Bay. It is a lattice pyramidal tower 20 meters high, the height of light above sea level is 22 meters. The light is visible at a distance of 10 miles.

Lighthouse Egersheld, Primorye

Photo: Irina Ovchinnikova / Photobank Lori

Lighthouse Egersheld is located on the cape of the same name in one of the districts of Vladivostok. It stands at the end of a long spit, reaching almost to the center of the Eastern Bosporus. In 1876, a luminous sign was installed on the site of the current lighthouse. The tower, 12 meters high, was built in 1910. One of the oldest lighthouses Far East and a symbol of the capital of Primorsky Krai.

Kherson lighthouse, Crimea

Photo: Igor Sitkin

The lighthouse of Chersonesos is located on Cape Khersones in southwestern Crimea. It was built in 1816 according to the same project as the Tarkhankut lighthouse. Both are considered the very first Russian lighthouses on the Black Sea. Destroyed during the Great Patriotic War. The current tower was built in 1951. The lighthouse, 36 meters high, is lined with white Inkerman stone. Light range - 16 miles. Active.

Church of the Ascension of the Lord on the top of Sekirnaya Mountain, Solovki

Photo: Dmitry Porechnyy / Lori Photobank

Church of the Ascension of the Lord on Sekirnaya Hill - a stone three-tier one-domed temple-lighthouse on Solovetsky archipelago. Built in 1862. main temple Holy Ascension Skete Solovetsky Monastery. The lighthouse is located on the third tier and is considered the highest on the White Sea - 98 meters above sea level. Range of light - up to 10 miles. The lighthouse is lit every night between 15 August and 15 November. Active. Hieromonk Matthew (Romanchuk) took over this baton today – the military department stopped the operation of the lighthouse, but the rector of the temple continues its work. For a monk, the light of a beacon is an image of salvation, both at sea and on land.

Church-lighthouse of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker
Another temple-lighthouse of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker is located in the Crimea.
Today, the Lighthouse Temple in Crimea is one of the most picturesque and visited places. south coast Crimea. Very often, tourists are looking for two on the map tourist site: The lighthouse temple and the museum of underwater disasters and are very surprised when they discover that this is the same place. On the top floor, there is indeed a functioning temple of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, but at the base of the temple, there is a museum of disasters.
The area around the temple-lighthouse of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker is equipped with elements of a marine theme. There is also a gazebo, which is decorated with sails and a captain's bridge.
The ground floor is occupied by a museum of disasters on the waters. An area of ​​more than one thousand square meters is arranged in the form of a sunken ship. The very first thing that catches your eye is a running line with a list of all catastrophes in the oceans, indicating the number of people who died in them. Then in the museum halls you can see videos of shipwrecks and objects found on sunken ships. The decorations are made in such a way that the guests have the impression that they are walking along real ship compartments.

Guard lighthouse.
This bulk is rightfully considered the highest lighthouse not only in Russia, but also throughout the whole Northern Europe. On the world stage, the lighthouse occupies only the third place, but this is very honorable. The lens with the lamp rises 71 meters above Lake Ladoga. To climb to the very top, the caretaker has to overcome a long way every day - only 399 steps up the narrow spiral staircase. From a grandiose height, a wonderful view of Cape Storozhensky, the nearby village and, of course, Ladoga opens up.

Lighthouses of Krontshdt

There are also several of them, both active and abandoned. It is worth mentioning the oldest one - Tolbukhin Lighthouse.

The oldest lighthouse, its construction began in 1719. Initially it was wooden, in 1736 it was decided to "dress" it in stone, but the reconstruction dragged on for almost a hundred years. It stands on an artificially created island, west of Kronstadt. The lighthouse is still working - its light is visible at a distance of 19 miles.

Yalta lighthouse, Crimea

Photo: Ingram Publishing / Diomedia

The Yalta lighthouse is located on the edge of the pier at passenger port Yalta. Built in 1874 on the site of the ruins of an ancient signal tower. The modern tower, 17 meters high, was built in 1908. During the Great Patriotic War, it was badly damaged. Refurbished in 1957. The lighthouse is crowned with a red signal lantern. It is considered one of the symbols of the city of Yalta. Active.

Lighthouse Povorotny, Primorye

Photo: Valery Blazdynia

Lighthouse Povorotny is located on the cape of the same name, separating eastern and southern Primorye. There are strong countercurrents around the cape. The first signal pole appeared on this site in 1870. The modern three-tier lighthouse was installed in 1894. Its light is visible at a distance of 30 miles. In 1950, it was rebuilt and equipped with a modern light-optical apparatus. It is possible to visit the lighthouse as part of tourist groups.

Svyatonossky Lighthouse, Kola Peninsula

Photo: Sergey Gruzdev / Wikimedia

The Svyatonossky lighthouse is located on Cape Svyatoy Nos in the northeastern part of the Kola Peninsula. Built in 1862. Height - 22 meters, overall height above sea level - 94 meters, light range - 22 miles. In 2002, it was included in the list of protected objects on the territory Murmansk region representing historical, scientific or artistic value. The lighthouse is active.

Murmansk lighthouse
Murmansk memorial lighthouse - clearly visible from the Kola Bay or from the station (which is located near the port in Murmansk): a red-and-white turret among gray high-rise buildings on a slope. Nearby is the snow-white church of St. Nicholas-on-Waters and the cabin of the Kursk submarine raised from the bottom. In fact, this is not a lighthouse, but only a memorial stele dedicated to all those who died at sea in peacetime. Inside the lighthouse there is a memorial hall with books in memory of sailors of different fleets. The thickest of these books is by no means with military sailors, but with fishing ones.

Ancient lighthouse in Astrakhan region
This lighthouse is over 200 years old. It was built in the time of Peter the Great and miraculously survived to this day. The lighthouse is located in the village of Vyshka. The tower is the closest (about 30 km) to the Caspian Sea locality in the Astrakhan region. Abandoned.

Tarkhankut Lighthouse, Crimea

The Tarkhankutsky lighthouse is installed on the cape of the same name in the westernmost part of the Crimea. It was built in 1816 according to the same project as the lighthouse in Chersonese. Both are considered the first Russian lighthouses on the Black Sea. The tower, 38 meters high, is lined with white Inkerman stone. Light range - 17 miles. Active.

Well, I also want to say a little about the crosses.
Holy Landmarks of the Pomors On the Russian northern seas, long before the lighthouses, there was a well-functioning system of landmarks, which was created by the Pomors. Here the sky is often overcast, and in summer it is a completely polar day, leaving no opportunity to navigate by the stars. But on the capes and islands, the Pomors set up crosses with characteristic triangular tops: at the canonically located Orthodox cross, the slanting crossbar with its upper end seems to the north.
The crosses also served as signs - somewhere as a leading sign (and still relevant in their places!), And somewhere - as border signs, marking the possessions of the Russian people; on important islands and capes, they stood in groups described in the sailing directions, and made it possible to accurately identify the place. Religious plots were carved on the western side of the crosses, and on the eastern side there was often something like sailing directions, clues to the sailors who went to the cross. On the trade route from Europe to Arkhangelsk, the crosses stood in direct line of sight from each other on the rocks of the Kola Peninsula and the White Sea skerries, and in some places (say, near Teriberka) this "route" has been recreated. Pomeranian crosses have survived even in Svalbard and Novaya Zemlya. And this is one of the strongest images of Rus': the Orthodox cross as a guide.