Cambodia is the official language. Holidays and events. Time in Cambodia

For any average European, Cambodia is something highly exotic: there is nothing in this country that is familiar to a tourist from Europe. That is why every year hundreds of thousands of people from all over the world come here to get unforgettable impressions and experience the joy of new discoveries.

The Kingdom of Cambodia is located on the southern side of the Indochina peninsula. From the east, it borders with Vietnam, in the north - with militant and religious Laos, and in the northwest - with the tourist Mecca of the Asian region - Thailand. The first city where all the tourists who arrived in Cambodia get to is, of course, the capital - the economic, political, industrial, educational center - the city of Phnom Penh. The city is built on the Tonle Sap River.

The population of the main city of the country is only (total - by Asian standards) 1,501,725 ​​people, while almost 15 million people live in Cambodia.

The territory of the country is divided into 23 provinces (khets), which, in turn, are divided into districts (terms), consisting of communes (khums). In addition, in Cambodia, one city of central subordination is separately distinguished, which is Phnom Penh.

The official language of Cambodia is Khmer. It is spoken by 96% of the country's population. The second most common French, "settled" here since colonial times. It is spoken in schools and universities, as well as in government offices. True, in last years in everyday life it is used less and less. Minority languages ​​are quite widespread: Chinese and Cham dialects, Lao, Vietnamese, Thai and many others. The mountain peoples that inhabit Cambodia - Zary, Ede, Stiengi, Por, Saot, Kui and Samre - have their own languages.

Since 1980, the Cambodian riel, the national currency, has been in use here. Interestingly, with the coming to power of the Khmer Rouge in 1975 and until 1979, paper and metal money were abolished in the country, and rice replaced them.

The first thing that catches your eye upon arrival in any Cambodian town is the numerous statues of Buddha. Buddhism is practiced by 95% of the population. More than 300 thousand, or 1.6%, are adherents of Islam. Representatives of Christianity are the least - 0.2%. 3.2% of the country's citizens consider themselves believers of other religions.

The "troubled" times of Cambodia - until the mid-1980s of the last century - were replaced by economic stabilization and the transition to market relations. Promising vectors were the production of clothing and the provision of tourism services. Many large companies specializing in tailoring organized sewing enterprises, which began to bring good income - mainly due to cheap labor. Clothing exports today account for 85% of Cambodia's total GDP.

Hotels, hotels, restaurants, entertainment centers began to be built in places attractive for tourists. Together with the export of timber, rice, rubber, tobacco, fish, shoes, all this provided the Cambodians with a decent standard of living.

Climate and weather

The weather in Cambodia is another shock for a European.

The fact is that it is absolutely impossible to predict what the day will be like here. Such unpredictability of weather conditions is associated with monsoons. Under their influence, a sunny day can turn into a rainy one and vice versa. If we talk about the average annual temperature, then it is +28 ° С. However, before the start of the rainy season, the thermometer rises to +38 ° C and drops with the arrival of rains to about +32 ° C.

The warmest month of the year is April, and the coldest month is January. True, the Cambodian winter is more like summer in central Russia. Therefore, it is best to go to Cambodia in winter, when the sky is cloudless and the sun is shining, because in the summer - from April to October - there are heavy rains that interfere with sightseeing.

Nature

Almost 75% of the country is occupied by evergreen forests. Valuable species of trees, rare shrubs and herbs grow in them. For example, coconut palms, rubber trees, banana trees provide raw materials and food products necessary for industry, which are supplied to the domestic market and abroad.

Mekong is the waterway of the country. The productivity of agricultural crops, which the local population plants in the river valley, largely depends on its spills.

The central part of the country is flat, but along its borders there are mountains and hills, in some places impregnable and impassable. So, from south to west stretches the Elephant Ridge, which is a plateau. To the west are the Kravan mountains, which are overgrown with dense forest. In the north, Cambodia is separated from Thailand by the Dangrek Range. The hills rise in the east My and are lost somewhere in Vietnam.

The forests are wild large animals: buffaloes, bulls, elephants, bears, panthers, tigers, leopards.

There are significant populations of reptiles, among which there are many poisonous snakes and crocodiles. Some types of insects, such as spiders, also pose a mortal danger.

Attractions

Cambodia is rich in attractions. Whatever village a tourist or a traveler wanders into, he will definitely find something interesting and unusual for himself in it. For example, the capital of Cambodia, at first glance, may seem like a chaotic labyrinth of streets, where occasionally there are park oases and shady pagodas. In fact, every house here is a monument of Khmer architecture. Unfortunately, their restoration requires significant financial investments, which are still unacceptable for the state.

At the same time, the noteworthy complex was put in order and landscaped. Royal Palace, Diamond Buddha Temple, King Narodoma Statue, Royal Garden. North of the aforementioned complex is National Museum, where the Khmer culture is presented in all its diversity and splendor. The museum's four galleries contain ancient relics, art objects, and sculptures.

Opposite the Royal Palace there is a small square. Here the monarch speaks to the people, here is a favorite vacation spot for guests of the city and its residents.

It will be interesting to visit a restaurant called "Foreign Correspondents Club" building National Assembly with a park, the tallest building in the city - Stupas of King Panyaba, and picturesque island Oknatei, spread out in the middle of the Mekong, from where you can see the entire architectural ensemble of the Royal Palace in full view.

But the most important part of the tour is, perhaps, visiting the temples. The monuments of Khmer culture include temples Wat Phnom, Tonle Bati(there is a Buddhist pagoda nearby, a beautiful lake with a temple complex on the coast) and many others. In total, there are 4390 temples in Cambodia.

240 kilometers west of Phnom Penh is evidence of the greatness and power of the Khmer state - angkor. In the IX-XIII centuries it was the capital of Khmer. The city was considered one of the largest in the world. In 1431, it was completely destroyed by the troops of Siam. Until that time, more than 100 temples and palaces are hidden in the wild thickets of the forest.

There are 23 national parks in the country, among which the most famous is angkor. Tourists will also be interested in visiting the national park. Bokor, where significant areas of rain relic tropical forests and savannahs are under protection. In national parks Kirirum And Ream you can see mangroves and wet evergreen forests. It is also worth seeing the beauty of the largest national park in Cambodia. Virchai.

Nutrition

The cooking traditions that came to this country along with the French colonialists had a significant impact on the Cambodian national cuisine.

In Cambodia, soup is served for lunch, as it is considered good for the body. The second courses consist of fish, the main delicacy is freshwater fish baked in spinach leaves, served with a set of spicy sauces. This dish is rightfully considered national, because it can be found on the tables in any Cambodian home. In addition, light salads made from natural vegetables are loved here.

The Cambodians borrowed many recipes from the French. This can be seen even in the bread and baguettes that are sold in numerous shops, where the sweet-sour aroma of freshly baked bread comes from.

On the market for reasonable prices selling local food. They are always fresh. Here, this is monitored very strictly, because if someone sells spoiled goods to someone, then the whole district will know about it and no one will come to this counter. In small shops you can buy a kebab that deserves special attention. It is grilled. Pork tenderloin, lard and pieces of sausage are used. It's all seasoned with sauces, including the famous fish sauce.

Rice, fresh vegetables, fish, a variety of meats, greens, seafood, eggs are the main foods that Cambodians eat. 80% of all local dishes are prepared from this. It is important to note that in many cases the products undergo minimal heat treatment. So all useful substances and microelements are preserved.

Cambodian meat is cooked only on an open fire, where firewood of certain tree species is used. This gives it a special taste and smell.

Fruits and vegetables are pickled or salted. The same is done with meat and fish. This ensures their long-term storage minimal losses taste qualities. Desserts are made from rice starch and fresh fruit.

Exotic lovers in Cambodia will be offered dishes from insects, frogs, spiders, turtles, snakes…

Accommodation

Finding accommodation in Cambodia is not a problem. Local entrepreneurs are actively building and maintaining hotels, inns and tourist guest houses.

As a rule, in hotels of any class there are twice as many free rooms as there are guests of the country. Don't be shocked by the persistence of motorcycle riders, others Vehicle, as well as hotel agents who will vying to offer rooms already at the airport. By the way, you should not refuse their services either. Tell us how much you expect, and a taxi or tuk-tuk driver will take you around the city and show you all the rental options.

Housing prices range from $5 to $2,000. In most hotels, the price per room averages $20-30 per day. For this money you can get a clean room with all amenities, where there will be fresh linen, air conditioning, TV with satellite or cable TV, mini-bar and shower. The cost of luxury rooms starts from $ 60 per day.

Entertainment and recreation

Deservedly popular with tourists seaside resort Sihanoukville. It is located on a peninsula that juts out into the Gulf of Thailand. Sihanoukville is a young and prosperous city. Its economy is based on fishing, tourism and trade.

It attracts numerous tourists with its long sandy shores, where palm groves grow and rise majestic temples Wat Kraom And wat leu on Mount Sihanoukville. There are also excellent restaurants serving the freshest seafood.

Beaches Hawaii View, Victory Beach, Sokha Beach, Independence Beach, Ochheuteal, Serenity Beach well known outside the country. More than a dozen uninhabited islands adorn the coast of Sihanoukville - Ko Pu, Ko Rong Ko Dek Koul, Ko Rong Samlem and Ko Tas.

Sihanoukville National Park is located 18 kilometers east of Sihanoukville. Ream- one of the accessible national parks of the country. On 50,000 acres of land grow evergreen rainforests and thickets of mangroves. Sandy shores and extraordinary beauty of coral reefs are simply amazing.

Be sure to visit the mouth of the river Prek Toek Sap Where is the fishing village Koh Kchang and on the islands Ko-Ses And Koh Timei.

Over the past 15 years, the Cambodian Ministry of Culture and Arts has been providing serious support to cinema, in particular, Khmer films. Thanks to this, many once-abandoned cinemas have reopened. This entertainment is quite popular among residents of not only the capital, but also small provinces. Khmer films in the capital are shown on all the main streets.

Beer and night bars of Phnom Penh and the province Siem Reap are considered the best. In other localities of Cambodia, alcohol is consumed near street stalls, in night bars and restaurants.

Phnom Penh is the center of nightlife and discos. There are clubs intended for general visits by the local population and guests of the city. These include clubs Rock, Spark, U2 and others. Nightlife in Phnom Penh usually starts at 21:00.

outside the capital nightlife represent Khmer clubs. As a rule, these are establishments for men, where women act as attendants. A real orchestra plays here, and you can also see the beauty of Khmer dances.

It is quite difficult to understand the system of festive events in Cambodia: it is confusing and extensive. The fact is that many different peoples live in Cambodia, who celebrate the same holidays in different ways and in different ways. different time of the year. For example, ethnic Vietnamese and Chinese celebrate the moon New Year in January or early February, but the Khmer - in mid-April.

Holiday Chnam Tmai, which falls at the beginning of the monsoon season, is the most colorful of all events of this kind. The Khmers these days are erecting sand hills, which symbolize the Buddhist stupa. The local population believes that every grain of sand can get rid of sin. This event is full of large-scale bright processions and performances.

In May, on the square near the Royal Palace organized Royal Ceremony Chat Pre Nangkal. It attracts many tourists of Cambodia with its unusualness. In the same month, Cambodians celebrate Buddha's birthday. In September they celebrate Prochum Ben- commemorate the dead.

Cambodia also hosts many festivals.

So, in February - a festival Mick Bochea, in October - a religious festival Bonn-Katem. The main festival is considered to be a three-day Bom-om-tuk, which falls at the end of the rainy season - the beginning or middle of November. This best time to come to Phnom Penh and Siem Reap. These days a musical and light festival is held. Hideki Togi.

Purchases

Trade in Cambodia is represented by two branches - shops and markets. There are many European-class shopping centers in the capital, where fixed prices, polite and helpful staff, buzzing air conditioners and, of course, branded models of clothes and shoes, consumer electronics. Also in Phnom Penh there are many markets where you can also buy the same goods, but here it is better to bargain and throw off a decent amount from the original price. A full range of goods is presented here in all its diversity: from pepper and national silk costumes to folk crafts and jewelry.

Local jewelers have kept the secrets of filigree and fine work since ancient times.

They, as a rule, work at shops that sell all kinds of products made of platinum, silver, gold interspersed with precious stones.

The market also sells outlandish foodstuffs:

• rambutan
• durian
• longan
• dragon fruit
• mangosteen breadfruit and many other fruits that you can try to discover a new palette of tastes and sensations.

IN without fail Check out local markets: Psa-Tmei, Psa-Tuol-Tom-Pong, Psa-O-Rassey, Psa-Chan, Psa-Kandal where locals sell everything they made with their own hands.

Here you can understand what a real Asian market is. Markets start at 6:00 am and close at 5:00 pm. They are best visited in the morning when the product is freshest and cheaper.

Transport

It is not possible to fly to Cambodia on a direct flight from Moscow. Through Ho Chi Minh, the airlines TransAero and Vietnam Airlines deliver to this country, and through Bangkok - Thai Airlines, TransAero and Aeroflot. The duration of the flight is, excluding transfers, almost 11 hours.

Cambodia has public buses, but here they often use taxi services, which are quite comfortable and not expensive. In addition, to move around the city, you can use the services of cycle rickshaws and motor rickshaws. No one in the country is engaged in renting cars.

By train from Phnom Penh, you can only get to the province of Batambang. It leaves at 5:00, and the trip takes almost the whole day.

Connection

In Cambodia, the Internet is developing by leaps and bounds. And this despite the fact that there is only one Internet provider - the company OnlineCOM. In Phnom Penh and others big cities operates a network of Internet cafes. In addition, there are places with computers connected to the global network in restaurants, bars, cafes and even in the market. The cost of the service is $ 3-4 per hour in the capital and $ 9-12 - in the settlements of the provinces.

Mobile communication in Cambodia is GSM 900/1341800 standard. True, it is common only in Phnom Penh and large cities.

The country's wired communication system is outdated, and its modernization is extremely slow. International automatic communication is poorly developed, calls to other countries can be made either from the hotel or post offices and call centers.

Payphones have recently been installed on the streets of the capital, which allow you to get through to any province and even abroad. For calls, Phonecards are used, which can be bought at post offices, supermarkets and hotels.

In Phnom Penh, the cost of international calls is $3 per minute, and on holidays and weekends the price is reduced by 20%. In the provinces, tariffs for telephone conversations higher by 1.5-2 times.

Safety

It is very difficult to answer the question of how safe a country is.

After the military conflicts, the local population retained a lot of automatic weapons. The army, police and other intelligence agencies are conducting campaigns to disarm citizens, but so far this problem has not been resolved.

Therefore, the tourist should take some precautions so as not to get into trouble. No need to go outside at night. You should not carry your passport, money and valuables with you. It is best to use a photocopy of the passport, which can be presented to law enforcement officers. To move around the city, you should use auto rickshaws and taxis.

It is important to consider that there are some problems with the purity of water in Cambodia. Before using water (for any purpose), it is recommended to boil it.

You should not swim in the Gulf of Thailand on the wild shores, as there is a danger of shark attacks. On equipped beaches, maximum precautions have been taken.

Business climate

Cambodia is called "Asian Africa". The country deserved this unflattering comparison due to the fact that the conditions for doing business here are very specific, close to adventurous. For example, well-established Western business schemes do not work here at all, and what cannot work in Europe flourishes in Cambodia. However, the government of this state is doing everything possible so that the local population can independently earn their own bread and a bowl of rice. Here, the import and sale of goods (mainly of Chinese production) are most developed. Popular in the last decade as a tourist destination.

Experts on the development of the Asian region say that the most financially promising is the opening of veterinary clinics and computer consulting.

No foreigner will be able to build a business in Cambodia if he does not know some of the features of Khmer life. These people have their own idea of ​​work and leisure.

It is also important to establish good relations with the local administration, which, seeing the flow of investments in the region, will meet halfway in many issues.

Real estate

Cambodian real estate law is similar to Thai, Vietnamese and Malaysian. Foreigners cannot buy a house or apartment, but they can rent it for up to 99 years. To do this, it is necessary to conclude an agreement with the Khmer government.

Despite the fact that Cambodia is not as developed as Thailand or, say, Malaysia, property prices are very high here: there is a significant demand. For example, an unremarkable house that is surrounded by barbed wire will have the same price as a luxurious villa on the coast of Thailand.

Therefore, many who wish to purchase property in this Asian region opt for nearby countries.

If you still need to have real estate in Cambodia (for example, an office), then you should contact local consultants who know well local features and the real estate market.

IN resort areas, for example, in Sihanoukville, the average price per square meter starts from $500, and in the center of Phnom Penh - from $2,000. In agricultural provinces, the cost of land per square meter is on average $15-45, depending on the quality and fertility of the soil.

Cambodia is a very peculiar country, as are the customs of its inhabitants. The visitor must take this into account. Here you can not take pictures of the local population and Buddhist sights without permission. It is difficult to find currency exchange points in cities, but they are generally not needed, because at any outlet you can buy goods for dollars, euros and other currencies. Another feature that surprises many visiting tourists is the lack of tips in restaurants, cafes and bars. But here it is customary to thank financially the guide who told you about the temple or pagoda.

Previously, Cambodia was called Kampuchea (from the Sanskrit name "Kambujadesa"). Until relatively recently, Cambodia was in the midst of a long-term civil war, which, fortunately, ended. Now Cambodia is a peaceful country where you can have a great vacation. This country has magnificent mountains, beautiful scenery nature, green forests, rivers with waterfalls, numerous Buddhist temples and monasteries, traditional Khmer villages, beaches with palm groves, delicious cuisine and rare Ayeyarwaddy freshwater dolphins.

Cambodia is located on the Indochina Peninsula in South-East Asia. Cambodia borders Vietnam to the east, Thailand to the northwest, and Laos to the northeast. The Gulf of Thailand is located in the southwest of the country. South China Sea. The total area of ​​Cambodia, including the islands, is 181,040 sq. km., and the total length state border- 2,572 km.

About 75% of the territory of Cambodia is occupied by plains, which are surrounded by highlands and low mountains. The Kravan Mountains stretch from the northwest of the country to the southeast. The most high peak in Cambodia - Mount Oral, whose height reaches 1,813 m.

Through the east of Cambodia, the Mekong River flows south, which is considered the most long river in this country.

The capital of Cambodia is Phnom Penh, which is now home to more than 1.6 million people. Phnom Penh was built in 1372 and became the capital of Cambodia in 1431.

The official language of the population of Cambodia is Khmer, belonging to the Mon-Khmer languages ​​of the Austroasiatic language family.

More than 95% of the population of Cambodia professes Buddhism (in particular, Theravada Buddhism is the most conservative direction of this religion).

According to the current Constitution, Cambodia is a constitutional monarchy. The head of state is the King, who is elected by the Council of the Royal Throne. The King appoints, with the approval of the National Assembly, the Prime Minister and Ministers.

Legislative power belongs to the bicameral parliament - the National Assembly, consisting of the Senate (61 people) and the National Assembly (122 deputies).

The main political parties are the Cambodian People's Party, the Sam Rainsi Party and the Buddhist Liberal Party.

Cambodia, like most other countries in Southeast Asia, has a hot climate with a strong monsoon influence. In fact, there are four annual climatic seasons in Cambodia:

1. November-February is a cold and dry season.
2. March-May is a hot and dry season.
3. June-August is the hot and humid season.
4. September - early November is the cold and wet season.

Tourists are advised to visit Cambodia from November to February, when the average air temperature exceeds + 26C, and when there is little rain. During this period, the weather in the beach resort of Sihanoukville is just perfect, and the sea is very calm and warm.

In the southwest of Cambodia is the Gulf of Thailand of the South China Sea. Coastline is 443 km. The best time to visit beach resorts in Cambodia is during the dry season (November to April).

Through the east of Cambodia, the Mekong River flows south, which is considered the longest river in this country. Cambodia is home to Tonle Sap Lake (also called the "Great Lake"), one of the largest in Asia.

The history of Cambodia has centuries-old roots. It is believed that the state on the territory of modern Cambodia was formed in the 7th century AD. The Khmer Empire flourished in the 9th century when Jayavarman II declared independence from Java.

During the Middle Ages, the Khmer often fought with their neighbors (Vietnam and Siam claimed the territory of Cambodia).

In the end, in the 1860-80s, Cambodia, trying to find protection from Siam, falls under the protectorate of France.

Cambodia's independence was proclaimed only in 1953. Until 1975, a bloody civil war was going on in Cambodia, which ended with the victory of the Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot. As a result, the state of Kampuchea was formed, which fell in 1979 under the blows of the Vietnamese army.

Now Cambodia is considered a constitutional monarchy headed by the King.

Many different ethnic groups live in Cambodia, and therefore the culture of this country is very diverse and unique. Moreover, the ethnic groups of Cambodia celebrate the same holidays at different times. So, the Khmer Lunar New Year is celebrated in mid-April, and the Vietnamese and Chinese, of whom there are a lot in Cambodia, in late February - early February.

By the way, the Khmer New Year is called "Chnam-Tmai". During this holiday, it is necessary to build sand hills, which are considered a symbol of Buddha's stupas. Moreover, every grain of sand in such a hill can save a person from sins.

Cambodia neighbors Thailand and Vietnam, which can be attributed to the "heavyweights" of culinary traditions. Therefore, very often they forget about the cuisine of Cambodia, giving preference to dishes from Thailand and Vietnam. However, once you try Khmer cuisine, you will fall in love with it forever...

Of course, you need to get used to Cambodian cuisine - for Europeans it will seem too exotic at first (for example, it uses fried grasshoppers and ants).

In Cambodia, tourists are recommended to try Bai sach chrouk (pork with rice), amok fish (served on a banana leaf), Lap Khmer salad (beef with vegetables and spices), Nom banh chok (red noodles ), "Kdam chaa" (fried crab), red ants with beef and basil, "Ang dtray-meuk" (fried squid), "Cha houy teuk" (jelly).

According to official data, there are now several thousand historical, architectural and archaeological monuments in Cambodia. The top 10 best attractions in Cambodia, in our opinion, may include the following:

1. Diamond Buddha Pagoda in Phnom Penh
2. Citadel of Angkor Thom
3. Royal Palace in Phnom Penh
4. Wat Phnom temple in Phnom Penh
5. Pre Can Monastery
6. Eyebrow Temple in Phnom Penh
7. Temple complex Wat Banan in Battambang
8. Wat Lang Ka Pagoda in Phnom Penh
9. angkor wat temple
10. Bayon Temple at Angkor

The largest Cambodian cities are Kampong Thom, Battambang, Sihanoukville, and, of course, Phnom Penh.

In Cambodia, tourists are waiting for several beach resorts. The most popular of them are Sihanoukville and Kampot.

On one of the islands near Kampot he liked to relax former king Cambodia Sihanouk. By the way, it is believed that the best seafood dishes are served in Kampot restaurants.

However, the most popular beach resort in Cambodia is Sihanoukville. Two of its beaches, Ochatial Beach and Sokha Beach, are especially popular. On the island near Sihanoukville there are excellent conditions for diving and fishing (there are very beautiful corals with a lot of exotic fish).

Tourists from Cambodia usually bring handicrafts, scarves, shawls, jewelry, palm sugar, Cambodian spices, tea, bamboo napkins, Cambodian musical instruments(bamboo flute, tro-kmae - a kind of three-string violin).

Banks:
Mon-Fri: 08:00-15:00

The shops:
08:00-20:00 seven days a week

The Kingdom of Cambodia is located in Southeast Asia. The country has a mild climate, which depends on the monsoons, the average annual temperature is 25°C. The rainy season lasts from September to mid-October. A trip to Cambodia will be of interest to lovers of picturesque nature, exotic beaches and ancient temples.

The local population is mainly Khmer. This is a friendly people who are happy to meet tourists. Due to civil wars, Cambodia has recently become a tourist country, so the locals have a positive attitude towards foreigners. The capital of Cambodia is Phnom Penh. Here the tourist can visit many historical sights: Wat Phnom Monastery, Silver Pagoda, Royal Palace, Temple of the Emerald Buddha, as well as museums.

Beach lovers should go to Sihanoukville. Here you can find a beach for every taste, from rugged beaches with cafes and souvenirs to quiet deserted wild sands. lovers active rest do not get bored in Cambodia. The resort offers extreme sports on air, land and water. You will be able to fly on a paraglider, dive into the depths of the sea with scuba gear and feel the speed on the motorcycle tracks. Local cuisine combines both familiar products and exotic ones. The main products are fish, meat, rice and vegetables. There are many soups on the menu. From exotic products there are frogs, snakes and spiders.

The best hotels and hostels at affordable prices.

from 500 rubles/day

What to see in Cambodia?

The most interesting and Beautiful places, photos and a short description.

1. Angkor Wat

This temple complex, built in the XII century, it is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The architecture represents the Khmer Empire, and Angkor Wat is the national pride of the Khmer people. The temple was built in honor of the god Vishnu. This place is interesting because the complex is surrounded on all sides by a moat filled with water and you can get into the temple only from two sides. The area of ​​the temple is 2.5 km². This is the most big temple in the world, so tourists should visit this place.

One of the temples included in the Angkor complex. Here weave together majestic buildings and the forces of nature that enveloped this place. The towers and terraces of Ta Prohm pierced the vines and changed the original appearance of the temple. The temple was built in 1186 in honor of the mother of Emperor Jayavarman VII, on its territory there were 39 towers, 260 statues of Hindu gods, as well as dwellings for servants. For tourists, this place is interesting because it was here that scenes from the movie "Lara Croft: Tomb Raider" were filmed.

3. Angkor Thom

It was built at the end of the 12th - beginning of the 13th century and not all buildings have survived to this day. The main attraction is Bayon, which is a temple mountain with faces carved on it. Also in the city you can admire the Royal Palace, the Terrace of the Elephants with various figures carved into the walls, the Bapuon Temple and many other temples.

The capital of Cambodia is the city of Phnom Penh, which has now become the largest metropolis. It is here that luxury five-star hotels and large shopping centers are located. At the central market, you can buy gifts and souvenirs, shoes and quality silk products, as well as almost everything that is produced in Cambodia. Of the attractions in Phnom Penh are Wat Phnom Monastery, the Temple of the Emerald Buddha, the Royal Palace and the Silver Pagoda.

This temple complex is located on the border with Thailand, and for a long time it was the subject of disputes between the two countries, until it was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2008. The temple began to be built in 893 in honor of the god Shiva. On the territory there is a 78-meter staircase leading to the beginning of the main complex, and the entire temple is located on four tiers as the hill rises. majestic palaces and stone statues can be observed on the territory of the temple.

The name of this place is due to the fact that the floors there are lined with solid silver ingots. It was built in 1892 under King Norodom. In the center of the pagoda is an emerald Buddha, opposite which are many other Buddhas. Attention is drawn to the 90-kilogram Buddha, decorated with shiny crystals, which was cast in 1907 by order of Norodoma. The atmosphere of wealth and grandeur reigns in this place.

The temple is located in Phnom Penh and is sacred for the locals, many come here to pray, and you can also meet "fortune tellers" there. The name translates as "Temple-Mountain", it is located on a hill 27 meters high. A feature of this place is the presence of animals: a tourist can feed the monkeys that amuse guests everywhere, as well as watch exotic birds and even ride an elephant.

This terrifying place tells of a sad page in the history of Cambodia. From 1975 to 1979, the Khmer Rouge regime operated, the goal of which was the equalization of all citizens. The museum, which is located in the S-21 prison building where Khmers were executed, contains photographs of those painful tortures. During the regime, about 17 thousand Cambodians who did not belong to the worker-peasant class were destroyed.

This place clearly contrasts with all the beauties of Cambodia and its visit causes completely different emotions for tourists. The killing fields are the burial place of the victims of the genocide regime and together with the Tuol Sleng Museum, they form a single complex. On the fields are mass graves and still there you can find the bones and skulls of innocent victims. Tourists are amazed by the memorial stupa, consisting of 8 thousand skulls.

In Phnom Penh, a tourist will easily notice this palace, as this is the only high building V historic district. It was built in 1866 for the royal family, which is still located in the palace, so not all rooms are available to tourists, but this mystery attracts many people to this place. Nevertheless, there is something to admire here: historical frescoes, the Throne Hall, where the 59-meter tower is located, the Silver Pagoda, the Royal Treasury and many more luxurious royal valuables.

The founder of the museum is the historian Georges Groslier, who collected unique collections of materials from the period from pre-Angkor times to the 15th century. The museum contains ancient sculptures 5th-8th centuries, the statue of the eight-armed Vishnu from the 6th century and the statue of Shiva from the 9th-11th centuries are still preserved. It is worth paying attention to the collection of ceramic and bronze items presented in chronological order from the 4th to the 14th centuries. The highlight of this museum is a 19th century casket in the form of a bird with a human head for storing betel leaves. After seeing the beauties, the tourist can relax in the inner garden of the museum.

This new museum, opened in 2007, presents the history of the Khmer Empire in an interesting way. The use of the latest museum technologies will surprise both adults and young visitors. The museum building is divided into 8 galleries, each of which shows a certain period of Khmer life. You can feel the history by looking at the exhibits, as well as by watching the film that is shown at the very beginning of the visit. It is surprising that some things will even be allowed to touch, which is unusual for all museums.

This monument is located in Hong Se Park, next to the Mekong River. It was built in 1979 by order of the Vietnamese communists and symbolizes the moment of the liberation of Cambodia from the Khmer Rouge and the establishment of friendly relations between Cambodia and Vietnam. Near the monument, you can comfortably relax and admire the fountains.

This monument symbolizes the most important fact in the history of Cambodia - the liberation of the country from French colonization. The author of the monument is the Cambodian architect Vann Molivann, who was inspired by the image Main Tower Angkor. The Independence Monument was opened in Phnom Penh in 1962, later an exact copy was recreated in Siem Reap. The height of the tower is 20 meters. On holidays, it is decorated with colored ribbons symbolizing the Cambodian flag.

The most pleasant place for walking in the resorts are the embankments. On the Sisowat promenade of the Tonle Sap River, you can enjoy fresh air, as well as visit various bars and restaurants located in historical buildings 19th century. Tourists will be especially lucky if they get here during the New Year in April or the Water Festival in November, because it is here that the main celebrations in the city take place. This wonderful place is located a kilometer from Wat Phnom.

The park is located in Kampong Phu, 112 km from Phnom Penh. This is the first state national park countries with an area of ​​more than 350 thousand hectares. Coniferous forests are located on these expanses of hilly terrain, where relict pines and the remains of ancient vegetation grow. The diversity of flora and fauna amazes the visitors of this place, they can enjoy hiking, horse riding and boat trips along the rivers.

Tonle Sap is both a lake and a river at the same time. At a certain point, the river becomes so wide that the standing water in it forms a lake. This is the main natural attraction of Cambodia and the largest lake in the country. It is here that you have the opportunity to observe the life of local residents, whose houseboats are located right on the water. Twice a year the river changes direction and if you get to the river during this period, you can successfully fish, as the fish will be on the surface.

Beach lovers should go to Sihanoukville - the most popular resort in Cambodia. It is here that various hotels, including five-star ones, are located on the banks. The resort continues to develop today, various bars and restaurants appear with almost any cuisine in the world, you can also find Russian cuisine. Also have Koh beach Poah, owned by Russian investors. Fans of wild beaches should go to the nearby uninhabited islands.

This waterfall is located in Sihanoukville. Its height is 25 meters, but the strength of the waterfall depends on the season: from August to October, the waterfall turns into a powerful stream, charging with strength. Locals also come here to relax. The Khmers consider this place sacred, so you can find shrines with statuettes of gods on the waterfall.

Phnom Kulen National Park is famous for its tropical landscapes and picturesque waterfalls. Usually everyone is shown two waterfalls, but the locals claim that there are actually three of them: the first is very small, only three meters high, the second 18 meter can be reached along a mountain path leading down, and the third 70-80 meter lurks in the impenetrable jungle .

Finding Cambodia on the world map is easy. It is located in the southern part of the Indochinese Peninsula, which belongs to the Southeast region of Asia. The shores of Cambodia are washed by the warm waters of the quiet Gulf of Thailand. The neighbors of this kingdom are Thailand, Laos and Vietnam.

Holidays in Cambodia: history and modernity

The history of the state of Cambodia, as well as its territorial neighbors Vietnam, Laos and Thailand are closely intertwined. This is due to the fact that the above countries were part of a very powerful, at one time, Khmer Empire. Therefore, Cambodia is able to surprise its guests not only unique nature, unforgettable landscapes, but a huge number of interesting sights. Tours to Cambodia are the key to an exciting and unforgettable vacation.

Tourists have always been interested in the historical heritage of the Khmer Empire. Due to frequent wars, tourism in Cambodia did not develop for a very long period, until the end of the 20th century. To date, the situation inside the country has not stabilized enough. However, the number of tourists interested in Siamese history and local attractions is only increasing every year.

Cities of Cambodia and their attractions

Phnom Penh is a city that managed to avoid rampant industrialization and still remain the capital of Cambodia. Here, every centimeter is saturated with oriental flavor. The local architecture is so peculiar that it is almost impossible to confuse Phnom Penh with another city. Must-sees are the Royal Palace, the Silver Pagoda, and National Museum, which has collected the largest collection of exhibits of the 4th-13th centuries, related to the heritage of the ancient Khmer culture. Bats settled in the museum, which tourists enjoy watching in the evenings.

Tours to Cambodia

The city of Kampot has long been a favorite resort of the colonists. This is not surprising, because there are beautiful seascapes, mountains with beautiful waterfalls, as well as many examples of colonial architecture in the form of luxurious mansions.

Simrip, thanks to the temple complex of Angkor, which is considered the cradle of the Khmer civilization, has become very popular among tourists. All historical sights here have survived to our times, because Simrip managed to avoid the destruction of the Khmer Rouge.

Tours to Cambodia from Moscow, St. Petersburg and other Russian cities

A trip to Cambodia will appeal to tourists who prefer rich and informative excursions, as well as active sea holidays, including diving and snorkeling. Many choose combined tours covering several countries in Southeast Asia, such as Cambodia-Laos. Tourists are attracted affordable prices for all services. The approximate cost of the tour for 5 days and 6 nights will be $ 500, plus airfare.

Today I will tell you about the Kingdom of Cambodia, a popular destination among tourists. This is an incredible country of the Khmers, who built the world-famous Angkor Wat temple complex on its territory in the 12th century. architectural monument and the main attraction of the country. Today you can go to Cambodia and see Angkor quite calmly. The Kingdom itself is located in the southern part of the Indochina peninsula and consists of 23 provinces and the capital, the city of Phnom Penh. According to the form of government, it is a constitutional monarchy, headed by King Norodom Sihamoni. The population of Cambodia is about 16 million people, the absolute majority are Khmers who practice Buddhism. Read all the details about what Cambodia is, how to get there and what is interesting to see in it, as well as some practical information about the climate, transport, money in Cambodia and hotels, read in this article.

Today (Kampuchea, English Cambodia) is an amazing state in Southeast Asia with an incredibly sad history, in which the brilliance of ancient culture and the triumph of the conquerors, the shame of the dictatorship and the unenviable fate of the inhabitants of the country who survived the worst genocide of all times of the Khmer Rouge regime intertwined Paul Pot. There are many attractions, and the population is still one of the poorest in the world.

Cambodia is located in the Northern Hemisphere, in a region called Southeast Asia. Most of the territory of the Kingdom is located in the flat areas, which are the basins of the Tonle Sap Lake and the Mekong River, which are surrounded by mountain ranges. From the south and southwest, Cambodia is washed by the waters of the Gulf of Thailand, and the area of ​​​​the state is 181,040 km². It also owns a number of islands, the largest of which is Kong Island (100 km²).

Basic information about the Kingdom of Cambodia:

• The official date of foundation - the first state on the territory of Cambodia arose before 612
• Land area - 181 thousand km 2
• Population - 16 million people
• The capital is the city of Phnom Penh (about 2.5 million inhabitants)
• Official language - Khmer
• Religion - Theravada Buddhism
• Currency - Cambodian riel
• National holiday - November 9 Independence Day (from France), celebrated since 1953
• Member of the UN since 1955

How to get to Cambodia

Acquaintance with Cambodia, most tourists usually start at the airport in Phnom Penh or Siem Reap. I recommend that you start preparing for an independent trip to Cambodia by choosing when to go and buying air tickets for the dates you need. You can buy them here:

Cambodia on Google map:

Cambodia borders countries:

Kingdom of Cambodia on the map

The name of the country

Name Cambodia was borrowed from Sanskrit, as the culture of the Khmers and other peoples of Southeast Asia was inherited from India. It entered the Khmer language as Campoutea. And due to the fact that the country at different times was under the influence of Siam, France and Japan, its name fell into foreign languages with some modification, and the country became known as Cambodia.

What is interesting about Cambodia

Cambodia is just a treasure trove for tourists who love ancient history. Here you can rethink your ideas about bygone civilizations. Be fascinated by the temples of Angkor and the main pearl of the country - the temple complex of Angkor Wat near Siem Reap (Siem Reap), visit the jungle, smile at the local kids, and then find the courage to go to the museum of torture in Phnom Penh (Phnom Penh). Surprisingly, Cambodia is one of the poorest countries in the world. How its inhabitants manage to look happy and friendly - only God knows!

Description of Cambodia

Cambodia The country is predominantly flat. The Mekong River flows through its central part. In the northwest is located the largest in Southeast Asia freshwater lake Tonle Sap. On the territory of the Kingdom there are several geographical regions that differ in terrain and climate.

About half of the country's territory is occupied by evergreen rainforests (in the north, northeast and southwest in the Cardamom Mountains). This humid jungle is very impassable due to the fact that the trees in it are entangled with plants of the dipterocarp family, which have giant size(up to 45 m). In the forests of Cambodia, red, black, sandalwood, camphor, sal and other valuable tree species grow. The middle tier of forests is represented by vines and bamboo.

The Central Plains are dominated by savannah. On the shallows of the Gulf of Thailand and in the Tonle Sap River grow mangroves with low creeping shrubs.

Mangroves at Tonle Sap Lake

Flora and fauna

The flora and fauna on the territory of the Kingdom of Cambodia is very diverse. More than 200 species of mammals, 500 species of birds, 240 species of reptiles and more than 800 species of freshwater fish are found in nature. Cambodia is characterized by a wide variety rare birds and reptiles, as well as tropical animals.

The area of ​​Tonle Sap Lake is unique in its ecosystem and species diversity, the state biosphere reserve. In the dry forests in the north-east of the country, as well as in the region of the Kravan mountains, a large number of animal species and rare plant species grow. On the coast of the Gulf of Thailand, the Botum Sakor National Park is located, designed to protect the coastal zone from the anthropogenic impact on environment, animals and plants.

Cambodia is one of the fastest losing forests on its territory in the world, and this is one of its main problems leading to desertification. Deforestation is on the rise: in 1969 about 70% of the country was covered by forests, but by 2007 this figure had more than halved to just 31%. To date, the country has state and international programs to save forests.

Climate

Climate of Cambodia- mostly tropical monsoon, very hot. Throughout the year in the shade within + 25 ... + 32 ° С. There are three climatic seasons:

• Hot (February to May)
• Wet or rainy season (May to October)
• Cool, dry (November to January)

The change of seasons in Cambodia and precipitation are determined by the direction monsoons(from November to April from the mainland; from May to October - from the Indian Ocean).

Political structure

Cambodia, in accordance with the Constitution adopted in 1993, is a constitutional monarchy. The King appoints the Prime Minister after receiving a vote of confidence from the National Assembly, which is elected by the people, and the Senate, which is legislature countries. There are a number of political parties in the country, including: the People's Party of Cambodia, the National Salvation Party, the Buddhist Liberal Party, the Khmer Civic Party.

Religion

Official state religion cambodia- Theravada Buddhism. It is practiced by 95% of the country's population.

• Buddhism has a huge impact on the formation of Khmer worldview and culture. In rural areas, the monastery is still the center of the social life of the Khmer peasants. There are more than 3 thousand monasteries in the country (about 40 thousand monks).
• The Khmer Highlands are characterized by spiritualization surrounding nature and worship of spirits.
• Tyams and Malays practice Islam, they are Sunni Muslims.
• Most of the members of the Vietnamese community profess Mahayana Buddhism, the rest are adherents of the Roman Catholic Church.
• Many Chinese practice Mahayana Buddhism, combined with Confucianism and Taoism.

Cities in Cambodia

Currently, there are only 5 major cities in the Kingdom of Cambodia:

• Phnom Penh: 2 300 000 people (the capital of Cambodia and a transport hub with an international airport)
• Battambang: 250,000 people (the second largest city in the Kingdom, the agricultural center of the country)
• Siem Reap: 175,000 people (tourist center of Cambodia, there is an international airport)
• Sihanoukville: 135,000 people (resort city, famous for its beaches and seaside recreation, there is an airport)
• Poipet: 90 000 people (a city on the border with Thailand, a large trade and transshipment center)

Visa to Cambodia

For citizens of almost all countries entering the Kingdom, including Russians, you need visa to cambodia. P Obtaining a Cambodian visa is very easy. And at the same time it can be difficult, everything will depend on where you decide to make it. This is connected, of course, with the flourishing corruption in any country where there are only very poor and very rich. Remember Russia in the 90s!

There are three ways to obtain a Cambodia visa:

• Method one: apply for an electronic visa (E-Visa) on the official website https://www.evisa.gov.kh/ by filling out the form and attaching copies required documents. It's very easy if you do it ahead of time. It is necessary to collect a number of necessary documents. And most importantly, you will have to pay $ 37 for it with a bank card. The e-visa is valid for 3 months with a possible period of continuous stay in Cambodia for no more than 30 days. It is most convenient to do it for those who do not want to communicate a lot with border guards when entering the country.
• Method two: apply for a visa on arrival at the border by filling out an application form and a migration arrival card, as well as attaching 2 photos. Officially, it costs $30, but it can take a very long time to issue it at a land border crossing. Therefore, in order not to wait, you have to pay the so-called “service fee” at the border, which is $5 per person. Although there are no service fees for issuing a visa at the international airports in Phnom Penh and Siem Reap. Passengers don't have to worry about anything. The airport staff will make sure you get in the right queue. The visa on arrival is valid for 30 days from the date of issue.
• Method three: get a tourist visa at the Cambodian embassy. This is the longest option, but you can get a tourist visa for a long time. To do this, you need to fill out a visa application form, provide three photographs and pay $30. They make it within 1-3 business days, and the standard validity period is 30 days.

How to get there

Getting in here is pretty easy. You can get to Cambodia by plane by air or by bus from neighboring states Thailand, Vietnam and Laos. You can combine these ways, for example by flying to Bangkok and then taking a bus to Siem Reap. Read about how we have repeatedly made this path.

There are no direct flights from Russia to Cambodia, so it is most convenient (and faster) to fly with a transfer through Bangkok. And from there fly to Phnom Penh or Siem Reap, Cambodian cities with international airports. Thus, a flight with a transfer from Moscow to Cambodia will take at least 12 hours, so please be patient!

Buy cheap flights to Cambodia

Want to see the capital of Cambodia? From Moscow to Phnom Penh you will have to fly from with a transfer. Here are the tickets:

The main attraction of Cambodia - the temple complex of Angkor Wat - is located in Siem Reap. You can also fly there by plane. Book the cheapest flights in advance:

Map

Border

You can arrive in Cambodia through land border crossings from Thailand, Vietnam and Laos. But attention, not all crossings work in both directions: somewhere you can go to Cambodia, but you can’t go out. Most of budget travelers arrives in Cambodia by land from Thailand through the Aranyaprathet-Poipet border crossing.

1. Places of transition to Cambodia from Vietnam:

• Moc Bai (Cambodia) - Bavet (Vietnam);
• Ving Xuong (Cambodia) - Kaam Samnor (Vietnam, near the Vietnamese city of Chau Doc).

2. border crossings from Laos to Cambodia:

• by water Don Khone (Laos) - Voeung Kam (Cambodia);
• by land Dom Kralor (Cambodia) - Voeung Kam (Laos).

Keep in mind that the land crossing between Laos and Cambodia has earned the reputation of one of the most corrupt, but nevertheless, we also pass without loss.

However, these crossings are difficult to access and irrelevant for those who want to fly to Southeast Asia from Russia and get to Cambodia. After all, with Laos there are no direct air communications. But they are suitable for travelers who want to visit several countries in one trip, moving around Southeast Asia by land.

3. Border crossings of Cambodia with Thailand:

• Chong Sa Ngam (Thailand) - Anlong Veng (Cambodia). The nearest major Thai city is Surin;
• Chong Jom (Thailand) - O,Smach (Cambodia). Again, the nearest major Thai city is Surin;
• Ban Laem (Thailand) - Duan Lem (Cambodia). Convenient for vacationers or living in Rayong and Pattaya;
• Ban Pakard (Thailand) - Pailin (Cambodia). Also convenient for vacationers or living in Rayong and Pattaya;
• Had Lek (Thailand) - Koh Kong (Cambodia). This crossing is convenient for those traveling to Sihanoukville on beach holiday;
• Aranyaprathet (Thailand) - Poipet (Cambodia) is the most famous crossing used by travelers hurrying to Siem Reap to see Angkor.

The capital of Cambodia is Phnom Penh

The capital of Cambodia is Phnom Penh city. It is home to most of the entire urban population of the country - about 2.5 million people.

The history of its foundation is interesting, which is based on ancient legend. Its name in Khmer means "Hill of Aunt Stump". According to legend, the city of Phnom Penh was founded by a noble old woman named Penh, who built herself a house on a small hill at the confluence of the Tonle Sap and Mekong rivers. One day she noticed a tree floating on the river, in the hollow of which, after catching it, she found four bronze figures of the Buddha. Auntie placed the statues on a large hill (phnom) next to the house. Later, a monastery was built there, named after her - Wat Phnom Dawn Penh, and a city grew around it.

Tonle Sap River in Phnom Penh

Phnom Penh became the capital of the state for the first time in 1434, and then it was repeatedly transferred to other cities. Only in 1866 did it finally become the main city of the country. Since then it has been here main residence King of Cambodia - . It is an administrative, economic and commercial center Kingdoms of Cambodia located in an area rich in natural and human resources at the intersection of river routes. The capital is connected by highways and railways with all major provincial cities.

• Read more practical information

Second largest after the city Phnom Penh in Cambodia is Battambang - the center of the province of the same name and an agrarian complex located in a rich agricultural area where rice, coffee, jute, cotton are grown. There are industrial enterprises for the processing of agricultural products.

Hotel search in Phnom Penh

Tourism

Due to the fact that Cambodia has been at war for a long time and the country still has a completely unforgotten heavy legacy of the past, as well as due to the constant unstable political situation until recently, tourism in the country is poorly developed. Tourists began to visit Cambodia only in the late 90s of the XX century, and the tourist flow has grown significantly only in recent years.

Cambodia attracts tourists with its ancient sites, beaches and the opportunity to visit the jungle, as well as the friendly nature of the local people and exotic local cuisine. Also, there is still enough for almost everything. low prices, including accommodation, services and textiles/clothes. The tourist infrastructure is less developed than in the neighboring Kingdom of Thailand, but much better than in Laos. There are no special problems in the tourist centers - Siem Reap, Phnom Penh and Sihanoukville, everyone will find accommodation and entertainment to their taste and budget. In addition, the country has more than 20 national parks with unique flora and fauna.

Main tourist destinations in the Kingdom of Cambodia - the capital of Phnom Penh, cultural capital Siem Reap and the Angkor temple complex, beach holidays in Sihanoukville and the islands of the Gulf of Thailand.