Lisbon, Portugal - Everything about Lisbon from DiscoverPortugal. Historic districts of the city. The best photos of Lisbon

Lisbon from A to Z: map, hotels, attractions, restaurants, entertainment. Shopping, shops. Photos, videos and reviews about Lisbon.

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Lisbon is the most western capital Europe. European continent ends at Cape Roca not far from the city, and beyond it only the boundless Atlantic Ocean stretches. There are not many historical sights in Lisbon - in 1755 the city was almost completely destroyed by an earthquake and the tsunamis and fires caused by it, but very soon it was reborn from the ruins according to the project of the Marquis de Pombal. Nevertheless, in Lisbon at every step you can find reminders of the city's imperial past: majestic cathedrals, elegant palaces, pompous monuments to kings and marquises.

The city stands on seven hills, steep and close to each other, so it is worth stocking up on comfortable shoes.

But the main thing for which it is worth coming here is long walks along the streets of Lisbon. In the city, you can tirelessly go up and down the steep streets, often turning into stairs, look at the divine azulejos (tiles on the walls of houses), take pictures of windows with flower pots, tiny balconies and linen picturesquely hung on them, listen to the sounds of the urban fado romance and the sound of the Portuguese language is a little lisping and insanely beautiful.

How to get to Lisbon

Lisbon is one of the most distant European capitals from our country. Despite this, Portugal is a fairly popular tourist destination, and the Lisbon airport daily receives dozens of planes from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod and a number of other Russian cities. There are direct flights in the schedule of the capital's airports, from other regions you can only get with a transfer.

Find flights to Lisbon

Districts of Lisbon

The Baixa area is the heart of the city's financial and commercial life. The most interesting sights are located here - Don Pedro IV Square, National Theater, the Rossio station of the 19th century and the 45 m high Santa Justa lift. Its tower is connected by a passage to the Bairro Alto and Chiado districts.

The latter are the liveliest areas of Lisbon. Cafes, bars and small shops are open around the clock. Here is the main monument of the earthquake of 1755 - the ruins of the Gothic church do Carmo. The Alfama area is the only part of the capital that survived this earthquake. The most interesting sights are the Lisbon Cathedral and the monastery of San Vicente de Fora.

Affordable housing can be found both on the outskirts and in the city center. Those who want to save money should pay attention to hostels.

The Estrela area got its name from its main attraction, the Basilica of Estrela. Queen Maria I of Portugal is buried in it, and from the roof there is an excellent view of the city.

The Balen area is concentrated a large number of monuments of architecture. Belem Tower stands on a small island at the mouth of the Chezhu River. In front of the monastery of Jeronimos there is a fountain square, and not far from it is a tomb famous navigator Vasco da Gama.

Transport

Transportation in Lisbon is organized simply and conveniently. Metro, buses, trams and funicular lifts run between different areas and suburbs. Although the latter are more of a tourist attraction. There is also water transport - a ferry across the Tagus River.

The busiest transport in the Portuguese capital is the Gloria funicular, the route of which runs along the street of the same name from the lower quarters of the city to the upper ones.

The metro is very easy to navigate, there are only 4 lines, it works from 6:30 to 1:00. Transport cards VIVA Viagem or "7 colinas", which are sold at metro ticket offices and kiosks on platforms and stations for 0.50 EUR, can be fueled with trips and money. If one trip without a card costs 1.85-2.90 EUR (depending on the type of transport), then with a card it will cost only 1.30 EUR. Prices on the page are for October 2018.

With the Lisboa Card guest card, travel to public transport free. You can also save money by purchasing an unlimited travel pass for 24 hours.

Lisbon's ground transportation is day and night buses, trams and lifts that help passengers climb the mountain. Tourists are very fond of the retro tram number 28, which slowly travels through the streets of the old city.

At night, if you do not know the schedule of night buses, it is easier and more convenient to take a taxi.

Many tourists prefer to move around the city by bike. You can rent one at most car parks and some hotels. At BiCas rental points, transport is provided free of charge.

Car rental in Lisbon

If the excursion program is limited to Lisbon, it is quite possible to do without a car. But in the vicinity of the Portuguese capital there are so many scenic spots- what is Sintra alone worth with its majestic palaces and fairy castles. For a trip to the suburbs, it is better to rent a carto manage your time more freely and cover more attractions.

There are many in Portugal toll roads, in particular, travel on the Vasco da Gama bridge located north of Lisbon (passenger car) also needs to be paid.

Traffic in the city is busy, local drivers drive very fast, but they follow the rules. There are many parking lots, both private and municipal. Most of them are paid, but in residential areas you can park for free. The cost of parking depends on the owner and the specific area.

There are many local (Ausocar) and international offices (Avis, Europcar, Hertz) in Lisbon. The rental price depends on the term, class and additional services (the ability to travel to another country or return the car at another point, delivery to any point in the city, etc.) A budget car will cost 30 EUR per rental day.

Communications and Wi-Fi

Arriving in Lisbon, it is better to immediately buy a SIM card from a local mobile operator. For communication with the house and calls around the country, this is the most budget option. 4 large companies operate in the Portuguese capital - MEO, NOS, Vodafone and Lycamobile. MEO offers the best rates for calls to Russia.

You can buy a SIM card in the salons cellular communication, grocery stores and other outlets.

You can connect to the network for free in almost any area of ​​the city. Access points are installed in numerous hotels, cafes, restaurants, post offices and even in two dozen parks. For those who have chosen the MEO mobile operator and activated the Servicos - WiFi - Ativar additional service, 150 more Wi-Fi points are available, which can be used free of charge and do not waste mobile traffic.

Lisbon Card

In Lisbon, there is a travel subscription Lisboa Card, which allows you to save on vacation. The program includes almost a hundred museums, excursion products and entertainment venues. Discounts range from 15 to 100%. In particular, you can visit the Mafra Palace, the National Museum for free old art, Belem Tower, Santa Justa Elevator, Jeronimos Monastery and other objects. Extra bonus - free pass in public transport, including trips to the suburbs, and small discounts in stores.

It is better to buy a Lisboa Card or change a pre-purchased voucher right at the airport. This way you can also save on the transfer to the hotel (43% discount on the Airport Shuttle Bus).

There are three types of Lisboa Card - for 24 hours (19 EUR for adults and 12 EUR for children), 48 hours (32 EUR and 18 EUR respectively) and 72 hours (40 EUR and 21 EUR). You can buy a card in advance online (off site). Upon arrival, you will need to exchange the printed voucher at the airport, Foz Palace or Lisbon Welcome Center. If there is no voucher, you can buy and pay for the card right on the spot.

Lisbon beaches

Although Lisbon is located almost on the Atlantic coast, there are no beaches within the city. It is not customary to swim in the Tagus River, and to the ocean you need to go to the suburbs by train. In the summer months, the surrounding beaches of the city are full of people.

A strip of beaches stretches from the mouth of the Tagus to the town of Cascais. The people called this area the Lisbon Riviera because of the huge accumulation of luxury resorts. The Riviera itself extends a little further, to Cape Roca.

The nearest beaches to the city center are located in the districts of Caxias and Oeiras. There are only 4 of them - "Caxias", "Paso de Arcos", "Santu Amaru de Oeiras" and "Praia de Torre". You need to get to the bathing place by train from Cais do Sodre. The journey takes from 15 minutes to an hour (in some places you need to walk from the stop, no more than 20 minutes). The Kashiash beach is sandy and rocky, wild. Amenities include paid and free parking. The other three are better equipped - there is a rental of umbrellas, rescue towers, bars, a shower, a toilet and a first-aid post. The descent into the water is gentle everywhere, it is convenient to bathe the kids. You don’t have to pay for the entrance, only for parking, and even then not everywhere.

Lisbon Hotels

Prices for accommodation in Lisbon do not really depend on the area. budget housing can be found even in the historic center of the city. A bed in a shared hostel room will cost 7-15 EUR. The atmosphere is quite ascetic, but breakfast can be included in the price. In the suburbs of Lisbon, in the popular resorts of Cascais and Estoril, the situation is somewhat different. Prices per night in a double room in a bed and breakfast hotel start at 40 EUR.

There are many guest houses in the center of Lisbon. In terms of cost and amenities, they are somewhere between hostels and full-fledged hotels. Single room in the central part - from 12-25 EUR.

There are several dozens of 3* hotels in the city with the appropriate level of service. A double room will cost 45-150 EUR, breakfast is often included in the price. Accommodation in a four-star hotel, of which there are even more in Lisbon, can cost even less, taking into account discounts - from 35 EUR. The range of prices for a room in upscale 5 * hotels is quite large - from 75 (including discounts) to 400 EUR.

shopping

Lisbon is in the top ten European cities for shopping. There are many shops, boutiques and shopping centers in the assortment of which - clothes, shoes and accessories of fashion designers and well-known democratic brands. Portugal itself is famous for its excellent shoes at reasonable prices.

Don't forget the siesta. From 13:00 to 15:00 all stores except grocery stores are closed.

The most popular shopping areas are Chiado and Baixa. In the first, next to the boutiques of fashion brands, street markets get along well. Go to the Baixa area for souvenirs. The historic center of Lisbon is full of small shops selling linen and ceramics, embroidery, wines and cork crafts. The latter look very stylish and are considered a symbol of the country. But it is better to buy wines in supermarkets (for example, Jumbo), where there is more choice and prices are lower.

Sales seasons in Lisbon last from January 7 to February 28 and from August 7 to September 30, discounts on goods reach 90%. Do not forget about Tax free - savings from 6 to 23% - applies to purchases in the amount of 50 EUR.

What to try

Arriving in Lisbon, be sure to try Portuguese wines. They are not as famous as the French or Italian ones, but definitely worth a look. And not only the famous port wine, whose birthplace is Porto, but also the products of Madeira, Setubal and other wine regions. Of the alcoholic drinks, the ginja liquor is also interesting, in each bottle of which there is sure to be a cherry.

Don't miss out on Portuguese cheeses. They are produced in almost every region, and each product has its own characteristics. It is also worth trying on the spot and taking with you “presunto” (Portuguese jamon). In terms of taste, it is in no way inferior to Spanish and costs here several times less than in Moscow stores.

Of the Portuguese sweets, Pastel de Nata is the most famous. For pastries made from puff pastry with milk and egg cream, it is best to go to a patisserie marked "fabric proprio". This means that everything is prepared right on the spot, and the cakes are always fresh.

Cafes and restaurants in Lisbon

Portuguese cuisine is varied, but the menu is dominated by seafood dishes. Fish delicacies in Lisbon are cheaper than our usual beef. Therefore, a lobster or a grilled sardine costs less than a veal tail delicacy.

There are several specific institutions that have no analogues in Russia - marisqueira (marisqueira) and churrasqueira (churrasqueira). In the former, you can taste fish and seafood dishes, while the latter specialize in grilled meat. Both those and others come in different formats - from simple eateries to full-fledged restaurants.

In restaurants, before ordering, the waiter brings snacks. Everything you touch will definitely be included in the bill.

For breakfast, go to small cafes or coffee shops. Before 12:00 to eat in a restaurant and will not work. From 12:00 to 15:00 in the eateries they serve lunch, after which almost all of them close for a siesta.

It is customary to leave 5-10% for tea.

Dinner starts at 18:00 and lasts until 22:00, after which most restaurants close. The exceptions are establishments where fado is sung in the evenings, and night bars and clubs, but it is unlikely that you will be able to fully eat there.

The best photos of Lisbon

Guides in Lisbon

Entertainment and attractions

The historical core of the city with its many attractions is the Castle of St. George - a fortress on a high hill, which served until 1147 as the residence of the Mauritanian emir, and then, until the 16th century, as the home of the Portuguese kings. It was from here that the capital of Portugal and the oldest historical district of Alfama began on a steep hillside between the castle and the river - with a typical medieval confusion of streets and lanes, alleys and passages. The castle of St. George got its name in honor of the patron saint of England, when an allied treaty was concluded between the countries in the 14th century. The castle was rebuilt several times, its interior decoration has not been preserved.

The facades of almost all houses in Alfama are decorated with intricately painted ceramic panels - azulejos. The plates with street names and house numbers are also made in the same technique.

The earthquake of 1755 turned the city into ruins, sparing only a few buildings. Among them is the Se Cathedral, built by 1150 on the site of a mosque destroyed after the siege of 1147. From the monastery of Carmo, founded for the Carmelite order, only the walls and poking into the sky have survived. gothic arches representing an indescribable sight. The monastery now houses the Archaeological Museum. Lisbon's museums are interesting, but it's impossible to visit them all in one day.

5 things to do in Lisbon

1. Try all the varieties of port wine that can be found in the city.
2. Go around all the palaces and castles of Sintra, and choose the most beautiful.
3. Enjoy pastel de nata for breakfast, baked in the old tower of Belem.
4. Admire the city from the top of the Santa Justa lift.
5. Visit the historic Café A Brasileira and have a coffee with the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa.

Port

Lisbon port at the mouth of the Tagus River - one of the most important in the Atlantic Ocean - dates back to the 13th century. He has always played an important role in the life of the city: from here the Portuguese caravels set off on their famous voyages, the Vasco da Gama expedition, leaving Lisbon, was the first to reach the shores of India; here came huge trading ships loaded with jewels, spices, silks and black slaves; during the Second World War, refugees from all over Europe flocked to Lisbon harbor in order to sail to the United States; and today it is a major commercial and passenger cruise port.

Christ statue

Unlike all other European countries, Portugal avoided participation in the Second World War. The Portuguese believe that this happened because God heard their common prayers. In gratitude, the inhabitants of the country generously donated money for the construction of the statue of Christ Cristo Rei - copies Brazilian statue, and in 1959, a 28-meter sculpture ascended over the city on a pedestal 84 m high. Today, the statue of Christ is of particular importance in the spiritual culture of Portugal. In the place where it rises, the two banks of the river are connected by the April 25 Bridge (formerly bearing the name of António Salazar), which will immediately remind the seasoned traveler of the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco.

The city has many viewing platforms, access to which is equipped with lifts, funiculars and tram lines. But best view the city opens from south coast river, from the foot of the statue of Christ.

Palaces of Lisbon

The majestic palaces of different centuries are another notable attraction of Lisbon. Ajuda Palace was built in the classicist style on the site of a 15th century royal palace destroyed by an earthquake, open to tourists. The Sao Bento Palace in the very center of Lisbon served as the main building of the Benedictine monastery in the 17th century, after 1755 it was rebuilt. It now houses the Portuguese Parliament. In the vicinity of Lisbon, you can also see luxurious palaces: the Baroque Mafra Palace is the largest Royal Palace in Portugal - and the Rococo Palace of Queluz.

Lisbon life

belem

Even if you are in the capital for just a couple of days, it is worth a trip to Belem, on the outskirts of Lisbon, where the monastery of the Hieronymites Jeronimos is located, built in the early 16th century in the Manueline style (a mixture of Gothic and Arabic script with marine symbols) to commemorate the safe return of Vasco da Hams from India. The sarcophagus with the remains of the famous navigator is kept in the central temple of the monastery. To protect the harbor near the monastery was erected watch tower- lighthouse, also extant, - Belem tower. Belem Palace is also located here - the official residence of the President and the Monument to the Discoverers, somewhat dissonant in its appearance with the surrounding landscape.

Neighborhood of Lisbon

From the main railway station, the building of which is more like a palace, trains depart for Sintra. Another great reason for a country excursion is a visit to Almourol Castle. It is located about 100 km from Lisbon, you can get there by car, and then from the Cais d'El Rei pier - by boat (on weekends every hour, 2.50 EUR). The castle, built at the beginning of the 12th century, is perfectly preserved: thick walls and 10 watchtowers are in place.

• Is it possible to travel from Lisbon to Badajoz or Porto in a day

Lisbon for kids

In Lisbon, young tourists will definitely not be bored - there is everything for an active and fun holiday. One of the local attractions will bring great pleasure to children and adults. We are talking about the Lisbon Zoo, where the little guests of the city can admire lions, leopards, monkeys, lemurs and fur seals. The conditions here are close to the real habitat, performances are held daily in the dolphinarium. Unlike the Moscow zoo, animals can be fed, but only in the presence and with the permission of the workers.

Be sure to visit the Lisbon Aquarium. This is one of the largest aquariums in the world, its volume exceeds 5 million liters, and its population is 25 thousand marine inhabitants. The greatest impression is made by a huge Pacific octopus weighing 250 kg. The oceanarium is inhabited by representatives of the fauna of 4 oceans - from the smallest to truly huge.

Having enjoyed plenty of communication with wildlife and our smaller brothers, go to the Puppet Museum. Here, dolls of different times and peoples are waiting for children. Some of the local artists "performed" on the stage of ancient theaters, others take part in modern performances. Young visitors will be interested in master classes where they learn how to make or manage puppets.

November

December

Due to the proximity of the ocean, Lisbon has a mild maritime climate, characterized by hot, dry summers and warm, snowless winters. The sun shines in the city almost all year round, with occasional showers. In the place where the Tagus flows into the Atlantic, fogs are not uncommon, but in the central part of Lisbon the humidity is not so high.

Any time of the year is suitable for sightseeing tours, but the Portuguese capital acquires a special charm in late spring and early autumn, when the weather is warm and comfortable. For those planning to combine sightseeing with beach holiday, it is better to choose the middle of summer.

Lisbon

Lisbon

Geographical names of the world: Toponymic Dictionary. - M: AST. Pospelov E.M. 2001 .

Lisbon

(Lisboa), Lisbon , capital and largest city Portugal, on sowing banks of the estuary Tagus. 556 thousand inhabitants, 2.9 million people in the agglomeration (2002). Founded as Olysip (Ulysip ) in the 1st millennium BC. Greeks, in 205 BC. annexed to the Roman Empire and named Felicitas Julia . In 407 it was captured by the Alans, in 585 by the Visigoths, in 715 by the Moors, from 1147 by the Portuguese. In 1260 here from Coimbra the capital of the country has been moved. Since 1393 the residence of the archbishop. From the 15th century the base of the colonization of Africa, the East Indies and a large bargaining. port. It was badly damaged by earthquakes in 1531, 1551, 1755 (with tsunami) and a fire in 1988. The city is located on 7 hills. The main highways (avenides) Liberdade (paved with colored tiles) and Reis converge towards the center. Rossio square (with bronze fountains, a statue of the king), hence Augusta and Du Oro streets, crossing the market. lower region of the city - Baixa (built after the earthquake of 1755), go to Praça do Comercio (triumphal arch, ministries on three sides, a monument to José I, River Station). To the west of Baix is ​​the old town, which rises in a web of narrow, steep streets to a castle and a palace at the top of the hill. Here is the cathedral, the Jewish quarter, middle-century. quarter of Santa Cruz. On the V., the old part is adjacent to the prom. districts, and in the NE. - Exhibition Expo-98. To the west of Baix are the districts of Bairro Alto and Madragoa with palaces and parks, and the watchtower of Bethlehem (16th century). Lots of architecture. monuments: an Arab fortress (IX century), a Romanesque cathedral (XII-XIV centuries), a Gothic monastery of Jeronimos (XVI century) with a church and tombs of the poet L. Camões and the traveler Vasco da Gama. Palaces and churches of the 17th–18th centuries Trade-finance. and cult. center, here is concentrated 1/3 prom. country's potential. Oil refining, engineering, chemical, metallurgical, glass, porcelain, text, sewing, food. prom. Sea port (90% of foreign trade turnover) and international airport. Suspension bridge them. April 25 through the river. Tagus. Metropolitan. Academy of Sciences, un-you (including from 1290), universities. National museum of ancient art (Portuguese, Dutch painting); National museum of contemporary arts, archeological, ethnographic, etc. 10 theaters, incl. opera. Zoo, Botanical Garden. W. from L. along the north. bays and the Atlantic Ocean - the resort area of ​​Sunny Beach.

Dictionary of modern geographical names. - Yekaterinburg: U-Factoria. Under the general editorship of Acad. V. M. Kotlyakova. 2006 .

LISBON

PORTUGAL
Lisbon (translated from Portuguese as "Beloved Bay") - the capital, main city and the port of Portugal - located on the Atlantic coast, at the mouth of the Tagus River. This is the most Big City states. The population of Greater Lisbon is 2,300,000 people.
In ancient times, there was a Lusitanian settlement here, which in 714 was occupied by the Arabs. In 1147, the city was conquered from the Arabs by the Portuguese and entered the Portuguese kingdom. Lisbon has been the capital of Portugal since 1255.
The city spreads out on seven hills, ledges descending towards the Tagus River. Therefore, Lisbon has many stairs and funiculars, which, along with other features, give it a charming originality. Literally a few meters from the busy highways of the big city, steep stairs begin that lead to quiet corners where canaries sing, where idyllic parks with sparkling ponds make you forget about the noisy cramped city labyrinths. Many streets are paved with limestone blocks. Every now and then you come across comfortable observation terraces (miradores), which are a feature of Lisbon. Architecture of all styles has merged in the city in a motley mosaic - Lisbon lives in contradictions between melancholic decadence and myths of progress. Undoubtedly, this is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
The central part of the city is flat. This is the Rossio area. The area is very picturesque, with a mosaic pavement, bronze fountains, a statue of King Pedro IV. Once upon a time, heretics were burned on it and bullfights were organized. Here is the building of the Drama Theatre.
To the north of Rossio Square is Rishtauradores Square, from which the central highway of the capital - Liberty Avenue begins (length - 1.5 km, width - 100 m). It is paved with colored tiled tiles, framed by alleys of chestnuts and palm trees. Rich mansions, restaurants, hotels, chic shops stretch along the street.
The commercial center of Lisbon, the Baixa district, differs from the rest of the city with its clear street geometry. There are no palaces or churches, but a lot of banks and department stores. Here is one of the many funiculars - Elevador de Santa Justa, built according to the example eiffel tower. It connects the lower and upper city vertically. One of the attractions of the lower city is the arch connecting Praça do Commeraus with Augusta Street. This arch is one of the symbols of Lisbon. She is elegant, decorated with bas-reliefs and statues. famous people countries.
In the east of Baixa, around the fortress hill, which crowns the castle of Sao Jorge, lies the oldest quarter of the city - Alfama, once the center of a Roman, and later a Moorish city. Here is the oldest church in Lisbon - the Patriarchal (XII century). All kings sought to decorate and renew it. The sights of the eastern city also include the Church of Our Lady (the beginning of the 16th century), the Mitra Palace (17th century), which houses the Lisbon Museum. The streets circle the hill in terraces. Low stone houses with tiled roofs frame the cobblestone pavements.
A monument to the great Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan was erected to the north of Chile Square. The university campus and the National Library are located in the northeastern part of the city.
In the western, or new, city, there is one of the most architecturally interesting areas - Sao Bento Street and Rato and Amoreiras Squares. The most notable are the Palace of the National Assembly (1834), the Municipal Palace with. elegant staircases and palaces of the Portuguese nobility, as well as an ancient aqueduct 66 m high, with 35 arches.
The city has many beautiful parks, Botanical Garden. Numerous museums are worth visiting, among which the most interesting are the Museo do Chiado, which presents Portuguese art from the 19th century to the present day; Calouste Gulbennyan Museum - the most significant art museum in Portugal, which contains first-class works of European painting from Gothic to Impressionism, French interiors, expositions of East Asian and Islamic art; National Museum of Ancient Art; Museum of Ceramics, which clearly shows the development of tile art so characteristic of Portugal; National Museum of Archeology and Ethnology.
The western suburbs of Belen and Ajuda, which are part of the city, are the most beautiful part of the capital. interesting architectural monument Manueline Belena - Jeronimos Monastery with the Church of Santa Maria di Belen, where the tomb of Vasco da Gama is located. Not far from the monastery, right in the Tagus River, stands the watchtower Torre de Belen, from where the great Portuguese sailors. From a height of 35 m, on which the upper observation deck is located, a wonderful panorama opens up. The pink Belensky Palace - the residence of the President of the Republic - hosts an interesting museum of carriages.
You should definitely visit the old quarter in the Bairro Alto area, in the western part of Lisbon. Down the slope descend small houses interspersed with small shops, pubs and workshops. Bairro Alto is also the center nightlife Lisbon. There are many bars, restaurants and fado cafes where the sounds of the guitar merge with melancholic tunes.
The city has developed shipbuilding, electrical engineering, chemical, oil refining, metallurgical, textile, glass and other industries. The cargo turnover of the port of Lisbon is about 15 million tons per year. Highways and railways link Lisbon with the whole country and, through Spain, with the Western European states. There is a subway and an international airport.
The capital is home to the Academy of Sciences and several universities.

Encyclopedia: cities and countries. 2008 .

Lisbon

Lisbon (Lisboa) - the capital of Portugal (cm. Portugal), main port country, the administrative center of the district of Lisbon. The population of the city is 850 thousand inhabitants. Lisbon is a cultural and scientific center: the Academy of Sciences, the University (founded in 1290), the National Museum of Ancient Art, the National Museum of Modern Art, the Museum of Religious Art, the Museum of Folk Art, the Museum of the City of Lisbon, the Museum of Carriages, the Museum of Tiles, the Museum- School of Decorative Arts, Military Museum, Ethnographical museum, Drama Theater.
The city was probably founded by Phoenician merchants c. 1200 BC e. (and according to the later legend, by Odysseus himself during his wanderings). Later, the main settlement of the Lusitanians (known by the Latin name Olisipo, Olisipo) was located here, from 205 BC. e. to 409 AD e. Roman settlement of Felicitas Julia. The city was conquered by the Alans, Sueves, Visigoths, who owned it until the Arab conquest in 714. Since the time of Muslim rule, it has been known under its current name. In 1147 it was conquered by the crusaders led by the first Portuguese king Alfonso I, and in 1255 Alfonso III moved the capital of Portugal here from Coimbra. The Lisbon uprising of 1640 liberated the country from Spanish rule. During the Age of Discovery, the city flourished significantly, but the earthquake on November 1 (All Saints Day) in 1755 caused it severe damage, the number of victims was estimated at 50,000 out of 230,000 citizens. The city was restored according to the regular plan of the Prime Minister King José I and the true ruler of the country, the Marquis of Pombal. During the Napoleonic wars in 1807-08 it was occupied by French troops. In 1910, as a result of the Lisbon uprising, Portugal was proclaimed a republic.
Lisbon is located on seven hills, ledges descending towards the river. Tagus, so the city has many stairs and funiculars, giving it a unique charm. It consists of three parts: the Old (East) City, the Lower City (Baixa) and the New (Western) City with the vast Buenouge Aires area. The entire eastern part of the city is a web of narrow, steep streets that encircle the city in terraces or climb steep ledges.
The lower city was mostly rebuilt after the devastating earthquake of 1755. The appearance of Lisbon is determined by the regular development of the center with the rectangular Praça do Comércio square facing the river and the Ajuda Palace (1802, architect F.C. Fabry), as well as the modern buildings of the western part of the city with the suburbs of Ajuda, Alcantara, Belen and Junqueira with perimeter and free building. Major industrial suburbs: Alverca, Barreiro, Cabo Ruivo, Sacaven, Seixal; resort areas of Cascais and Estoril.
Architectural attractions: fragments of ancient Roman walls included in an Arab fortress (9th century, from the 14th century the fortress of St. George, San Jorge), the oldest Patriarchal Church in the city, a Romanesque cathedral (1160-86, choirs and cloister of the 14th century) , Gothic Carmelite monastery (1389-1423, architect Gomes Martins, now here Archaeological Museum), the monastery of Jeronimos in the Manueline style (1502-20, architects Boitak, J. di Castilho, etc.) with the church of Santa Maria di Belen (16th century architect Boitak; here are the tombs of Vasco da Gama, the poet L. Camões , King Manuel I), the Torri di Belen lighthouse tower (1515-20, architect F. di Arruda), the Old Royal Palace (rebuilt in the 16th century, architects F. di Arruda, F. Terzi), the Madri di Deush church ( 16th century), Vicente di Fora (16th century), palaces, La Estrela Basilica (18th century, architects M. Vicente di Oliveira and R. M. dos Santos), Palace of the National Assembly (1834), Municipal Palace, ancient aqueduct 66 m high, having 35 arches. Monuments to L. Camões, F. Magellan, an equestrian statue of King José I, a column with a statue of King Pedro IV, an arch with bas-reliefs and statues of famous Portuguese connecting Praça do Comércio with Augusta Street, a monument in honor of the liberation of the country from Spanish rule in 1640 ., a monument to the "Pioneers" on the embankment of Belém.
10 km from Lisbon, in the village of Queluz (Keluzh), there is a summer royal residence. Park Ensemble, whose center is a baroque palace, is often called the "Portuguese Versailles". The most striking monument of Portuguese architecture of the 18th century, the palace was built in 1747-1790. designed by the architect M. V. Oliveira for Prince Don Pietro (son of King João V). The rich interiors of the palaces are perfectly preserved, but inaccessible to tourists, the palace belongs to the government and is used to accommodate the heads of foreign delegations.

Encyclopedia of Tourism Cyril and Methodius. 2008 .

See what "Lisbon" is in other dictionaries:

Lisbon- Lisbon. Triumphal Arch. LISBON, the capital (since 1255 56) of Portugal, 15 km from the Atlantic Ocean. 678 thousand inhabitants. Port in the Tagus estuary (cargo turnover is about 15 million tons per year); international Airport. Metropolitan. Shipbuilding, ... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

Capital of Portugal. In ancient times it was called Olisipo, the main settlement of the Iberian Lusitan tribe. In the 2nd century BC. captured by the Romans, in the 6th-7th centuries. AD under the rule of the Visigoths. In 714, it was taken by the Arabs (the Arabic name is Al Oshbuni or Lishbuna). Since 1147 ... Historical dictionary

LISBON, the capital (since 1255 56) of Portugal, 15 km from the Atlantic Ocean. 678 thousand inhabitants. Port in the Tagus estuary (cargo turnover is about 15 million tons per year); international Airport. Metropolitan. Shipbuilding, electrical, chemical,… … Modern Encyclopedia

General information

Weather in Lisbon

The climate of Lisbon is very mild, and inter-seasonal fluctuations are sometimes almost imperceptible. Lisbon is one of the warmest capitals in Europe, mean annual temperature is +17...+19 °С. In spring and summer, there is almost no precipitation, it is sunny, and the temperature is around +25 ... +28 ° С. In autumn and winter, the temperature does not fall below 5 degrees Celsius, but the amount of precipitation increases significantly.

Traveling to Lisbon is equally convenient at any time of the year, thanks to the mild Mediterranean climate.

Lisbon Transport

Portela Airport is located within the city. You can get to the city center on two special buses numbered 91 and 96, the cost of such a trip will cost €3.50, and the ticket will be valid for the whole day. Also, right at the airport, there is a metro station, it will cost less (€2.40). The peculiarity of the Portuguese metro is that you need to keep the ticket until the end of the trip in order to present it at the exit. A taxi to the center will cost much more (about €10), and the cost of transporting luggage can be additionally taken into account.

From Lisbon to any city in Portugal and some cities in Europe can be easily reached by train. The railway station can also be reached by metro or shuttle bus.

A convenient way to get around the city is to rent a bike, as all the most interesting sights of the city are lost in a narrow labyrinth of ancient streets and on steep hills.

Another popular mode of transport among tourists is Portuguese trams. The most famous route is number 28, a yellow retro tram, which has already become a symbol of the city, like red buses in London, passes through the most beautiful streets of the city and stops near each of the attractions of the center of Lisbon.

Districts of Lisbon

The upper quarter of the city, Chiadhoo is the bohemian quarter, where the most expensive restaurants and hotels are located. In this quarter, on almost every house you can find a memorial plaque with the names of famous artists and writers.

The small area of ​​Bairro Alto is the center of nightlife, every evening here you can meet street musicians and dancers, visit Portuguese clubs or enjoy national cuisine in one of the many cafes and restaurants.

Along the coast are the most prestigious and popular areas of the city: Belem, Lapa, Alcantara. Here life flows more calmly and measuredly than in the center of the capital.

The Avenidas Novas area is a real modern paradise, where all the houses are built to the last word. The biggest shopping centers, best museums and theaters are located here.

Sights of Lisbon

Castle of Saint George is a true symbol of medieval Lisbon. The fortress rises above the city and can be seen from almost anywhere in the city. For a long time Lisbon Castle was royal residence. Every year, new exhibitions open in the castle and various festivals and even knightly tournaments are held.

Monastery of Jeronimos- can rightly be called the most majestic monument Lisbon. First of all, this monastery is associated with the name of Vasco da Gama. The monastery was built near the place where the great navigator raised his sails and set off for India, and here, in the chapel of Henry, he was buried. In addition, visitors are attracted by the fact that the monastery is made in the unique Manueline style, which is a mixture of Gothic and stucco with drawings of exotic animals and plants.

The Belen tower is a real symbol of the great era of geographical discoveries. The tower, which originally served as a lighthouse, was built in honor of the successful expedition of Vasco da Gama to India. The tower, like the monastery of Jeronimos, is made in the Manueline style, but, despite its snow-white, elegant appearance, served not only as a lighthouse and a starting point for expeditions, but also as a prison and outpost. From the observation deck at the top of the tower offers an amazing view of the mouth of the Tagus River and the western part of the orange-white Lisbon.

Vasco da Gama bridge- This is the longest bridge in Europe, its length is 17 kilometers and 200 meters. The bridge connects Lisbon and the suburb of Montijo. During the trip on this bridge, the window offers stunning views of the whole of Lisbon and the west coast.

Elevator Santa Justa- at first glance, only an ordinary city elevator, but on it you can climb to the observation deck, from which you can see gorgeous view on the coast, and inside the elevator is elegantly finished with wood, mirrors and wrought iron. In 2002, the Santa Justa elevator was declared a monument of national importance. The ascent to the observation deck will cost €5 round trip.

The most visited and interesting museum in Lisbon is the Carriage Museum. Here is the richest collection of wagons in the world, ranging from gilded several-ton carriages of the king to small wagons of peasants. In addition to carriages, this museum also houses a collection of grooms' and footmen's accessories, cabbies' and pages' clothes.

Queluz Palace - luxury palace Portuguese kings, made in the Rococo style. Very often unique architectural structure called the Portuguese Versailles. Queluz has a very expensive decoration, it is made using expensive woods, sculptures brought from England and France, gilding and stucco. The design of this palace, despite the large number of small details, is very airy and light.

The Park of Nations is a unique natural attraction in Lisbon. In the park, you can walk along the promenade, ride the cable car that runs right over the Tagus River, visit the unique Lisbon glass aquarium, or just have a good time on a picnic and walk through small souvenir shops.

Cathedral Se- made of black, white and pink granite and is a combination of Romanesque and Gothic styles, the facade consists of two high towers and resembles the entrance to a powerful fortress. In one of the towers of the cathedral there is the Museum of Religious Art, where you can see utensils, icons and other items that were used in worship in this temple.

Cape Roca is the westernmost point in Europe near Lisbon. The cape is located in the National Park of Sintra - Cascais and is open to the public. A lighthouse rises on a stone rock - the last thing sailors once saw before going out to the open sea, and now another beautiful sight.

Holidays in Lisbon

June 13 - Catholic Day of St. Anthony - this is one of the most important holidays in the capital. The day of the patron saint of the city is celebrated with festive processions and concerts, the streets are decorated with colorful balloons, various concerts, light and music shows. On this day, the whole city is immersed in the atmosphere of the holiday.

On February 10 of each year, the week of carnival cascades in Lisbon begins. Incendiary samba rhythms, chic costumes of dancers, a procession of jesters and a festive atmosphere are everywhere that surprises the Lisbon Carnival. Thousands of tourists come annually from all over the world, just to participate and feel the atmosphere of real fun.

In autumn, the city hosts the Wine Festival, where guests are invited to try new varieties of wine, enjoy folklore dances and participate personally in the preparation of Madeira or grape harvest.

October 1st is International Music Day and a big fado night in the city and across the country. Fado is the most striking and beautiful example of Portuguese creativity, they are touching romances that are written in free form, and most often tell about feelings, and are performed to the twelve-string portugueso guitar.

In addition, every year there are Museum Nights, when all the museums of the city open to visitors absolutely free of charge, the independent film festival and the BaixAnima street festival, where performances of musicians, dancers and acrobats mix, right on the old streets of the city.

Lisbon Restaurants

In Lisbon, almost all cafes and restaurants open only in the evening and many of them are located on the streets, on summer playgrounds and some right on the stairs.

Cafe Pasteis de Belem is located in the picturesque center of the city, near the Jeronimos Monastery, and the main dish that will be offered here is the famous Belem custard cakes, the recipe of which has been kept in the strictest confidence for centuries.

Cais da Ribeira is a small fish cafe that offers freshly caught fish prepared according to unique national recipes. The terrace overlooks the river, and during dinner, amazing fado is performed for visitors. A table in this restaurant will have to be booked in advance, as it is very difficult to find a free seat here in the evenings.

Many cafes offer to take desserts and coffee with you and dine already on the promenade or on the observation deck, where you can see the lights of Lisbon at night.

Shopping in Lisbon

As a souvenir from Lisbon, you can bring real Portuguese port wine. Before buying it, the store will definitely provide several varieties for tasting, and the bottle itself will be packed in a unique gift box.

The old Ribeira market is a famous market where you can find the freshest and rarest fruits and vegetables, national sweets and wines. It is better to come here early, when merchants are just starting to lay out their freshest goods. This market is also considered one of the cheapest in all of Portugal.

In the city center, on countless stalls with souvenirs, you can buy paintings and plaques made from the local Azulejo tiles, which are lined with the facades of all the houses in Lisbon. Each such plate is a work of art, and each is unique in its own way.

Lisbon is a real European city that still keeps its traditions and its originality. The capital attracts guests with its color, narrow streets, mild maritime climate and unique atmosphere. This city is ideal for those who love a relaxing holiday, dinners with elegant Portuguese romances, or just want to take a break from the bustle of the city and feel like in another era.

Lisbon or Lizhboa, as the Portuguese affectionately call it, the city is amazing and unique. A city of polished calsada (mosaic) underfoot, salty wind and a special unknown light.

Lisbon stretches along the wide mouth of the Tagus River. Its strategic position has always attracted militant peoples. Behind centuries of history of its existence, the Romans, the Sueves, the Visigoths, the Moors and even the Spaniards managed to take charge here.

Small and proud Portugal, as if in retaliation, made many geographical discoveries, after which Lisbon became one of the main port cities in Europe. It is not known how Lisbon would have looked today if in 1755 the city had not fallen victim to a natural disaster.

Baixa, the area that suffered the most during the earthquake, acquired a parallel perpendicular grid of streets, and the old Alfama remained an intricately woven labyrinth.

At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, Lisbon began to grow towards the mainland with new, no less interesting areas. This is how the spacious Avenida da Liberdade, Edward VII Park, Gulbenkian Garden and many other interesting places appeared.

Lisbon weather

The coldest months are: January, February and March. There are days when the temperature drops to zero at night.

Hottest: June, July and August. There were years when during these months, the daily air temperature reached 41.8ºC. But the heat is quite easy to bear, since the air heated over the continent mixes with the air cooled by the ocean.

Lisbon is located on the ocean, there is a large difference between day and night air temperatures. In the summer months, the temperature difference can reach 10-15 degrees. Because of this, the wind rises in the evening.

Advice: if your walks around the city drag on until late, take a light blouse or windbreaker with you. It's very easy to catch a cold after a hot day..

Average monthly temperature (day and night) in Lisbon

Where to stay in Lisbon

In Lisbon you will find accommodation for every taste and budget. From cheap guest houses and hostels to luxury hotels, worthy kings. And the hospitality of the locals will pleasantly surprise you.

If you want to feel like a real local resident, then you should look after your apartment. This will be especially convenient if you are traveling in a large company, when you can share the bill for accommodation.

Apartments in Lisbon are amazing, maybe you will be able to find your dream that will make your stay in the city even more memorable and romantic.

The city is very compact, so even if you are not staying in the historical center, getting to it will not be a problem.

We have an overview of the districts of Lisbon - Where is the best area to stay in Lisbon

Cafes and restaurants in Lisbon

Portugal and Lisbon have always been famous for their cuisine. Tourists usually pay attention to fish and seafood dishes, but this is not all that the city can boast of.

Do you want beef steaks? Minced meat steaks? Dishes from rabbit, goat meat and suckling pigs? Vegetarian and bio products? All this and even more you can easily try in Lisbon, as the Portuguese have a cult of food.

It is possible that it was the desire to eat delicious food that prompted the Portuguese to seek sea ​​route to India to gain access to the market for oriental spices. And geographical discoveries were made as a bonus during this quest.

Cafes and restaurants, pastry shops with their own recipes for sweets are here on every corner, literally. From elite restaurants to "tashek", small eateries.

Recently, many restaurants have opened in Lisbon with haute cuisine, and Portuguese chefs have received several international awards.

Lisbon is a paradise for gourmets. Don't believe? Come and we will easily prove it!

Good cafes and restaurants in Lisbon

What to see in Lisbon

The history of this city goes back thousands of years. It has a huge number of interesting places for the traveler, from Roman ruins to masterpieces of modern architecture.

It takes at least four days to see the main places and sights. But, during this time it will be difficult for you to understand this city, to feel it for real. After all, even if you live here, you will always tear off something new for yourself.

Lisbon changes every day. New interesting places are being opened, buildings and squares are being restored. This city is now experiencing another boom. It has become one of the most popular and unexplored tourist destinations in the Old World.

Lisbon is not only the capital of Portugal, but also the largest port in the country.

In recent decades, Lisbon is experiencing a rebirth, gradually becoming the "golden city" of Europe again. The renewal of the capital took place at the beginning of the last century, when the city began to prepare for the World Exhibition, held in 1998. At this time, such new structures arose as a grandiose bridge named after Vasco da Gama, which connected the city airport with the highways of Portugal, as well as the Eastern Train Station that adorned the eastern suburbs of Lisbon.

Vasco da Gama Bridge has a length of 17 km 200 m. It deservedly bears the title of the longest bridge in Europe. There is a longer bridge in China. The length of the Chinese Hangzhou Bridge is as much as 36 kilometers, but the Chinese Bridge looks less beautiful!

The Vasco da Gamma Bridge has six lanes of traffic, and two more lanes can be connected at any time if necessary. By the way, the name of the bridge was not accidental. It was built for the 500th anniversary of Vasco da Gama's discovery of the route from Europe to India.

Another famous bridge in Lisbon is the April 25 Bridge. It crosses the confluence of the Tagus River into the Atlantic Ocean.

The Eastern Railway Station or Estação do Oriente, combines the railway and bus stations, as well as the metro station.

The station is especially beautiful at night.

The construction of the station cost Portugal 200 million euros. The construction project was developed by the famous Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava.

The ancient sights of the city also have a peculiar charm, giving the city a certain provinciality. Castle of St. Jorge in the amazing medieval district of Alfama, rare wooden trams busily scurrying through the city streets past cozy cafes made in the Art Deco style, mosaic pavements - all this gives the city an unforgettable charm. Many cultural and historical sights were destroyed during the earthquake that happened in 1755. But there are still many interesting places in the city, one of which is the futuristic Oceanarium, made in a modernist style.

Photo of the Oceanarium.

Video: futuristic Art Nouveau Oceanarium.

George's Castle can be seen from almost anywhere in the city.

Saint Jorge Castle is located in the old medieval district of Lisbon - Alfama. This historical Center city ​​miraculously survived during the terrible earthquake of 1755.

Monument to King José I, standing on the Market Square.

Fountain on Rossiu - central square Lisbon.

Close to Lisbon are great resorts with gold sandy beaches: Costa de Caparica, Estorip, Cascais; picturesque woodlands Shintry; the magnificent monastery of Mafra. The city is imbued with a light, fragrant and bright spirit inspired by modernity, ready to host the whole world.

Video: DK Bad notes in Lisbon.

Lisbon on the world map:

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Geographical coordinates of Lisbon: 38°43′00″ s. sh. 9°10′00″ W d.

Very detailed map Lisbon, with bridges and suburbs, Monsanto Park, airport and other attractions.