Worst plane crash ever. Turkish Airlines crash near Paris. Aircraft crash statistics by airline

Despite the fact that the plane is considered the safest way to travel, plane crashes do not happen all that rarely. The loudest air crashes show that, unfortunately, the human factor remains the main cause of accidents. Any disaster is carefully and thoroughly investigated to prevent similar cases in the future. And yet, they happen.

International organizations have compiled a list of the 100 largest air crashes. We will not consider it here in full, but will try to consider the most terrible plane crashes in the world, according to the immediate causes of disasters. But first, let's find out the main causes of accidents.

As we have already determined, the leader among them is still the so-called human factor. However, along with them, there are a number of other reasons.

Sometimes, a disaster occurs as a result of a number of irreparable actions of the crew, associated with the failure of a part or some individual equipment systems on board.

Basically there are only 3 of them:

human factor;
technical difficulites;
other reasons (bad weather etc.)

The first factor, in turn, is subdivided into three sub-factors: error of crew members (PIC, co-pilot, flight mechanic), error of ground services (controller) and actions of terrorists.

Almost every second case of a plane crash is due to fault. This is where a whole range of consequences come into play.

Pilots passenger liners overly reliant on technology.

Firstly, with the development of technology, pilots begin to rely too much on technology. After all, the plane goes on autopilot and is fully controlled by technology.

But in case emergency situations, the pilots take control, and in such a case it turns out that they do not have enough skills to fly the plane themselves.

Secondly, do not ignore the mental state of the pilots. Although they all undergo a medical examination. And just before the flight, they also consult with a doctor, but this is just a physical examination.

As it is not scary, but in history passenger aviation there were cases of suicide. When the pilot decides to commit suicide by sabotaging the aircraft.

Regarding controller error they are also not uncommon. In general, this work, which requires a lot of concentration, composure and attentiveness. One second of delay can lead to a plane crash.

The aircraft is flown by a total of 20 controllers., but the error of only one of them can lead to irreparable consequences.

Different controllers are responsible for the takeoff and landing of the aircraft.

The actions of terrorists Lately increasingly causing disasters. Moreover, it is not even always possible to establish exactly what happened precisely through the fault of the actions of extremist groups.

Technical failures are the second leading cause of air crashes. The failure of individual systems, engines or the shutdown of the on-board computer - all this can happen to absolutely any aircraft, despite careful and numerous checks.

Other reasons include adverse weather conditions, the possibility of an aircraft colliding with birds, etc.

The bird appears to be very small, but if they meet an aircraft in the air, they can leave huge dents and damage.

The largest plane crashes in the world due to the human factor

Here in the first place is a terrible tragedy September 11, 2001 when 2 planes of American Airlines and United Airlines fell into the hands of terrorists. And then they rammed the building of the World shopping center known as the Twin Towers.

In second place is the worst plane crash of all time. civil aviation- This Collision at Tenerife airport between two Boeing 747s - KLM and Pan American.

The cause of the crash is said to be a misunderstanding of the controller's commands by the KLM pilot. For 583 people these flights were the last in their lives. Only about 30 passengers managed to escape.

On the third place - Boeing 747-168B collision Saudi Arabian Airlines and Il-76TD Kazakhstan Airlines. It happened right in the air.

The reason is the same - the pilot's misunderstanding of the dispatcher's commands. As it is logical to assume, no one managed to survive.

The fourth place is Boeing 747 bombing Air company India. There was an explosion on board the plane. A few seconds later, its wreckage was already floating on the waters of the Atlantic Ocean. Rescuers found only corpses.

And finally, fifth place L-101 Saudi Arabian Airlines. The flight from Riyadh to Jeddah was interrupted due to a fire in the rear cargo hold.

The pilot managed to land the plane in Riyadh, but due to ignorance in English, airport services could not figure out the instructions for opening the doors of the aircraft. Fatal 23 minutes played their part - everyone on the plane died.

Plane crashes due to technical problems

There is a terrible catastrophe here. near Tokyo. As a result of damage to the vertical tail stabilizer, the aircraft crashed into Mount Otsutaka.

The crew bravely fought to the end, trying to save the plane, but it was all in vain. In total, 520 people died, but there were survivors - 4 people.

DC-10 crash near Paris made a terrible impression on the entire world community. In flight due to defective door locking mechanism cargo compartment. It collapsed completely, next to Paris. All 346 people did not survive.

On the third place - DC-10 crash in Chicago due to the separation of the left engine. Initially, a terrorist attack was suspected, but the problem turned out to be of a technical nature. 271 people ended their lives on this plane.

The last for passengers was American Airlines Flight 587 when it fell right into a residential area in New York.

The reason was the high sensitivity of the rudder to the control parts of the pedals. All 260 people on the plane died, and another 5 on the ground also could not escape.

In fifth place is Boeing 747 crash of Trans World Airlines. Due to the explosion of fuel vapors in the tank, the plane fell into Atlantic Ocean. Of course, everyone on board did not escape.

Disasters that happened for other reasons

Probably the most mysterious disaster in the history of passenger aviation was the disappearance of the Malaysian liner .

The plane simply disappeared from the radar. For a long period of time he could not be found.

As it turned out later, for unknown reasons, the plane changed course and flew for another 7 hours in an unknown direction. We managed to find only some parts of the aircraft. The bodies of the passengers were not even found.

Reason remains unclear the death of the Arrow Air Douglas DC-8-63CF. Just seconds after takeoff, the plane crashed unexpectedly. Biggest disaster passenger aircraft within Canada.

thick fog and heavy rain caused Boeing 747 crash in Guam. On landing, he crashed into a hill. 228 people died, but 26 were lucky: they survived.

Causing still many questions remain the death of Egyptair's Boeing 767 near Nantucket. He flew from Los Angeles to New York. All 217 people died. For Egyptian Airways, this has become the most major disaster throughout their history.

In fifth place are disaster at Sao Paulo airport. Due to the fact that the runway was very slippery due to fresh rain, the plane rolled out of the runway and stuck its nose into nearby buildings.

As you can see, accidents occur for many different reasons, but the leading among them is negligence or ordinary failure to fulfill their immediate duties by the crew.

Below you can watch a video of the biggest plane crashes in the world.

The conquest of airspace by man - greatest event, which, unfortunately, is also associated with the death of many testers of the first aircraft. More than 200 years have passed since the first successful human flight in airspace Earth. Air travel is one of the most quick ways to cover great distances. But modern aircraft - so reliable on the ground, in the air, and during takeoff and landing - can run into unforeseen problems. The largest air crashes in the world - we have collected information for readers about terrible tragedies that claimed the lives of hundreds of people.

On July 3, 1988, a tragedy occurred with an Iranian Airbus A-300, which was shot down over the Persian Gulf by an American cruiser. This major plane crash killed 290 people, including 65 children. According to the US authorities, the cruiser team mistook the airliner for an Iranian fighter. There was no apology from the US government.

The tragic incident that occurred on January 8, 1996 in Kinshasa, the capital of the Congo, is one of the largest air crashes in the world. Airplane Russian airlines An-32B carried out cargo transportation. The crew was preparing for a normal flight. On board, in addition to crew members, was a citizen of Zaire, who accompanied the cargo. The runway, 1700 meters long, was without a fence, and only a drainage ditch separated it from the local market, located perpendicular to the runway. During the runway runway, the crew was unable to raise the nose of the aircraft and tried to stop the takeoff, but the aircraft skidded straight into the market and caught fire, colliding with buildings. The dead: one of the crew members and 297 people who were in the market. Most of the dead are women and children. It was possible to identify only 66 bodies, since the rest were terribly mutilated.

As it turned out later, the plane was loaded by a local airline, which did not take into account the special aircraft. Crew members were not present during loading. As a result, it was exceeded allowable weight aircraft, and he could not take off.

To date, this is the largest air crash in the world that occurred on the ground.

298 people died

On July 17, 2014, another tragedy occurred, which became one of the largest air crashes in the world. A Malaysian Airlines Boeing 777 flew from Amsterdam to the Malaysian capital Kuala Lumpur. The flight took place in the normal mode, but 50 kilometers from the Ukrainian Russian border the aircraft stopped communicating. There were no alarms from him. The plane was found crashed near the village of Gradovo in the Donetsk region. The complexity of the work to establish the causes of the tragedy is due to the fact that this is an area of armed confrontation between the opposition regions and the authorities of Ukraine. None of the parties to the conflict in the east of the country pleaded guilty to the plane crash. It is only known that the plane, according to the main version of the investigation, was shot down by unidentified persons from the Buk anti-aircraft missile system. Everyone who was on board the airliner died - a total of 298 people.

301 people died

On August 19, 1980, a major plane crash occurred at the airport in Riyadh, in which all 301 people on board died. The worst thing is that passengers and crew members could have been saved, but the sluggishness of the airport emergency services led to the fact that the doors to the burning cabin were opened only 23 minutes after emergency landing aircraft. When the rescuers nevertheless opened the main door to the plane, there was an instantaneous ignition of the cabin and all the passengers and crew members who were in it died in the flames. Salon literally burned to the ground. Why were they unable to open emergency exits from the plane, remains unknown.

Problems aboard the Lockheed L-1011 began in flight. A fire alarm in the cargo hold went off. The plane immediately turned around and headed for Riyadh airport. The crew did not speak English well and could not understand the firefighting instructions in the cargo hold.

On August 19, 1980, the world's largest overwater plane crash occurred, resulting in the death of 329 people (everyone on board). The tragedy occurred 70 kilometers from the Irish city of Cork in the neutral waters of the Atlantic Ocean. An Indian Airlines Boeing 747 was flying from Montreal to Bombay when it exploded. The crew of the plane did not have time to transmit a distress signal - the airliner collapsed in the air. Found flight recorders confirmed the main version of the death of the airliner - it was a terrorist attack. Sikh extremists were accused of preparing and carrying out the explosion.

346 people died

March 3, 1974 DC-10 Turkish airline 6 minutes after taking off from Paris, it fell in the Ermenonville forest area. The airliner was completely destroyed. 346 people died. The cause of the tragedy was a malfunction of the cargo compartment door lock. As the plane began to climb, the door suddenly opened. There was an explosive decompression that destroyed the control system and the aircraft went into a dive. He fell for a minute and a half until he hit the ground. This is one of the largest air crashes in the world.

349 people died

Planes are in distress due to technical malfunctions, unforeseen situations, terrorist attacks. Unfortunately, one of the reasons for the tragedies that occur is the human factor. It was he who led to one of the largest air crashes in the world, which occurred on November 12, 1996, when in the sky over unsuspecting residents Indian city Charkhi Dadri collided between Boeing 747 and Il-76TD. 349 people died, and rescuers found 4 survivors at the crash site, but they died due to too late assistance. The cause of the collision was the insufficient level of knowledge of the English language of the pilots of the Il-76 aircraft, which allowed the vessel to descend, which led to a collision with the Boeing.

On August 12, 1985, a Boeing 747 flew from Tokyo to Osaka. 12 minutes after takeoff, there was a loud bang and the hydraulic system stopped working. For 32 minutes, the crew of the aircraft selflessly tried to turn the ship around and head back to Tokyo, using engine thrust instead of failed rudders. Passengers no longer hoped for a miracle and wrote farewell notes to relatives and friends. At an altitude of one and a half thousand meters, the Boeing crashed into the slope of Mount Otsutaka. The rescue team managed to reach the crash site only after 14 hours. They were shocked when they found four survivors - two women and two children. 520 people died.

In the history of world aviation, this is one of the largest air crashes.

On March 27, 1977, two Boeing 747s collided at the airport in Los Rodeos. 583 people died. The cause of the incident was the incorrect interpretation of the dispatcher's commands by the commander of one of the airliners. This catastrophe radically changed the attitude towards security measures in world aviation.

The most monstrous in their consequences were the plane crashes that occurred on September 11, 2001, when four civil aircraft. Two of them were aimed at the towers of the World Trade Center and rammed them. One airliner crashed into the Pentagon building. The last aircraft crashed in Pennsylvania. These disasters caused the death of 2977 people (passengers, crew members, rescuers and other victims).

Man has always wanted to fly, back in ancient times there were literally countless attempts! Various inventions have been made aircrafts. And only at the beginning of the 19th century an airplane was invented, which was lifted into the air and at the same time was even controlled. It is believed that the Wright brothers were the first, although this fact is disputed, we will believe the opinion of the majority. Wilbur and Orville in 1903 lifted a controlled aircraft into the air, and literally two years later they were already able to put it into operation. This is where the era of aircraft construction began. Pretty soon, aircraft were already in full use for a wide variety of purposes, including Passenger Transportation. However, did the ability to manage and secure? Partly yes, but not enough.
When the planes did not take off a large number people, they fell, but there were not many victims. Until they began to use them more actively and learned how to build big planes, and then very large aircraft. Since the middle of the last century, it would seem that people had to do something about it. And they did, but this is still not enough. However, no matter how hard they try to secure the structures, it is almost impossible to exclude the human factor. Yes, and to calculate absolutely everything is also difficult. Therefore, we present the saddest of statistics - a list of the most terrible plane crashes in the world.
1

This plane crash shocked the whole world. Two Boeing 767s were hijacked by terrorists and sent to the Twin Towers in New York. Despite the fact that there were a total of 137 people on board the planes, three thousand died that day. Both towers collapsed, burying a huge number of people under the rubble. But this is not a war .... This is the worst tragedy ever.

On this day at the airport of Los Rodeos, Tenerife, on the ground, and not at all high in the air, there was the largest plane crash in the world. The September 11 tragedy outnumbered it, of course, but 583 people died in Tenerife – aboard two Boeing 747s. And this is absolutely without malice. The dispatcher's commands were misunderstood and, apparently, there was a pilot error. This happened as a result of an explosion at Las Palmas airport and the redirection of all aircraft to the nearest airport. It was a Sunday, the planes were waiting too long, there were too many flights, there was too much of everything. A lot of facts have been proven that served as an impetus for the tragedy, but this will not change what happened.

And again Boeing-747. This plane crash is only slightly inferior to the previous one in terms of the number of victims. The largest plane crash one aircraft. On that day, a Japanese Airlines plane crashed near Tokyo. Only 4 people survived, an airline employee, one woman with her daughter and another girl found in a tree. And 520 people died. The accident occurred as a result of successive breakdowns, 12 minutes after departure from the airport. The crew of the plane tried to the last to keep the plane and control what was happening, but at a great height and with such breakdowns, this was not possible. Unlike the selfless crew, the rescue services did not act as well-coordinated. The helicopter that took off did not work enough, and no survivors were found, only after 14 hours four frozen ones were found and hospitalized. And there were also a lot of terrible finds - the suicide notes of the passengers of the flight. The head of the technical service of the airline at Haneda Airport committed suicide

A Russian plane took off from the N'Dolo airfield. Nothing foreshadowed trouble - the An-32 was taking off, but for some reason the plane failed to break away from the runway. It so happened that the plane was on the runway of this particular airport, located in the city center. It was surrounded by a crowded market, where the plane entered. Later it turned out that the aircraft was overloaded, perhaps this was partly the cause of the tragedy - the death of 350 people and the injury of 450. But during a six-month investigation into the causes of the disaster, both pilots were accused of murder.

In the same year, the first two-aircraft crash in the air in terms of the number of victims occurred. Two planes collided - a Kazakh Il-76TD and a Saudi Boeing-747. As a result of the language barrier and the insufficiency of modern equipment, a fatal mistake occurred on the Kazakh aircraft - on the radar on the ground, the dots indicating the liners in the air met. But no matter how much the controllers trying to get through to the crews hoped, a message was soon received from an American military aircraft about flashes in the air. 349 people - no one survived.

Only three fewer people died in a plane crash near Paris. 546 victims and no survivors. The DC-10 crashed as a result of the opening of the cargo hold door at high altitude. It was 1974, the locking mechanisms were not perfect. At the altitude that planes climb, a broken lock is enough to kill hundreds of people, with no chance of survival.

The largest air crash over water - occurred off the coast of Ireland, but actually over the Atlantic Ocean. As it became known later, a few weeks before the crash, the plane's engine had already failed, but then nothing happened, the plane was returned to the ground and the engine was replaced. However, on June 23, the plane disappeared from radar, and soon there were reports of wreckage found off the Irish coast. The aircraft was thought to have crashed as a result of a malfunction, given the recent breakdown. However, after the flight recorders were found, it became clear that an explosion had occurred. It was later determined that a bomb had gone off, and that it was a planned terrorist act. 329 people had no chance of salvation.

This plane crash is terrible not only by the number of dead, but also by the fact that they were one step away from salvation. The plane flew to Karachi, but a fire broke out on board, and the plane was forced to return to the point of departure - Riyadh. The pilots were able to successfully land the plane, bring it to the end of the runway and even stop it. The engines have not yet been turned off. It would seem that everything should be fine. But three minutes later, the flames engulfed the iron bird, and even on the ground, close to salvation, no one managed to survive. 301 people.

What could be more unfair than the death of civilians at the hands of the military. It happened on July 3, 1988 - an American cruiser, sent to protect tankers from Kuwait from attacks by Iran and Iraq, mistakenly fired missiles at a plane en route to Dubai. It was mistaken for an Iranian fighter. Both fired missiles hit the target. For 290 passengers, this 28-minute flight was the last. Nobody survived. There is an opinion that the missiles were fired from the Vincennes on purpose, and not by mistake. However, this version is disputed due to the fact that the cruiser was not equipped with equipment for listening to civil frequencies, and there was no response to the signals from the aircraft, as it turned out later, the aircraft crew did not understand that the signals were addressed to them.

Last terrible plane crash this list is different from the rest. Here, not the number of victims, of which there were 71 people, is taken into account, but this is many times more than any of the above-mentioned disasters. As a result of the collision of the Russian Tu-154 and the German cargo Boeing-757, children died. Most of the passengers Russian aircraft It was children whose lives were cut short due to a malfunction of the controller's equipment and his messages, which misled the pilots. The crews of both aircraft tried to prevent a collision, but due to incorrect information and instructions, precious seconds were lost. Two years later, the dispatcher was killed by a man who lost his wife and two children on that fateful day. The murder was committed in a state of passion, which reduced the originally announced 8-year sentence by almost three years. Most of the victims are buried near the crash site, a memorial has been erected. There were many legal proceedings related to the disaster. However, no payments and terms will not be able to return the children.

On July 17, on the territory of Ukraine, 60 kilometers from the Russian border, a Malaysian Airlines Boeing-777 crashed. There were 295 people on board the aircraft (280 passengers and 15 crew members). All died. We recall the most notorious air crashes in the last 10 years.

On August 14, 2006, a Boeing 737 carrying 121 people crashed in the mountains near Athens. The crash of an airliner of the first private airline of Cyprus, Helios Airways, flying from Larnaca to Athens and on to Prague, was the worst plane crash ever in Greece. The reason was the depressurization of the aircraft cabin due to the fault of the company's engineers, who turned off the auto-sealing of the cabin. The crew lost consciousness and the plane crashed into a mountain after running out of fuel.

August 26, 2006 On August 22, flight FV 612 of FGUAP Pulkovo, operating the flight Anapa - St. Petersburg, trying to slip over a thunderstorm, lost control and fell into a flat tailspin. TU154M plane crashed near locality Dry Balka near Donetsk. There were 170 people on board the aircraft (160 passengers and 10 crew members).

On August 20, 2008, a Spanair MD-82 plane crashed at Barajas Airport in the Spanish capital of Madrid. He had to follow Canary Islands. However, barely leaving the runway, he fell and caught fire. 154 of the 174 people on the plane were killed. According to information from the "black boxes", the flaps of the vessel were not fully extended during takeoff. The pilots were supposed to receive an automatic warning - but due to equipment problems, they did not receive this. It is also known that even before departure, the plane had technical problems, due to which the flight was delayed for an hour.

A fall Airbus liner An Air France A330 in the Atlantic Ocean occurred on June 1, 2009. The plane was heading from Rio de Janeiro to Paris. Four hours after the start of the flight, communication with the aircraft was lost. The final report on the disaster was made public only three years later. In it, experts called the cause of the tragedy a technical malfunction due to icing, the subsequent shutdown of the autopilot and uncoordinated actions of the crew. 228 people lost their lives in this disaster - all who were on board.

Everyone who flew from Tehran to Armenia on July 15, 2009 died. A Caspian Airlines Tu-154 with 168 people on board lost altitude and crashed in northern Iran. Nobody survived. Among the passengers was Iran's youth judo team. The commission to investigate the causes of the crash announced that the cause of the tragedy was the failure and subsequent destruction of the engine.

On June 30, 2009, a Yemenia A310 crashed near the Comoros. The plane made a flight from Paris with intermediate stops in five cities, the latest of which was the capital of Yemen, Sanaa. On board the crashed aircraft were 142 passengers and 11 crew members. The only surviving passenger was a 12-year-old girl (according to other sources, she was 13 or 14 years old), she had numerous bruises, her knees were burned and her collarbone was broken. Her mother died in the crash. The girl was rescued from the ocean 12 hours after the plane crash.

On April 10, 2010, a Tu-154 of the Polish Air Force crashed near Smolensk. Then 96 people died. On board the liner were the President of Poland Lech Kaczynski, his wife, almost the entire army command of the country, politicians, prominent public and religious figures. The aircraft was flying in heavy fog, and the crew was informed about it. The pilots were asked to land on an alternate airfield, but they refused. The plane hit the trees, turned around and began to fall apart in the air. By official version The cause of the accident was crew error. Polish authorities claim that the pilots were forced to land under such conditions by Russian dispatchers.

On June 3, a 1012 MD-83 of the Nigerian airline Dana Air, flying from the capital of the country, Abuja to Lagos, crashed into a densely populated residential area. north of the airport Lagos, fell apart and caught fire. During the fall, the plane rammed a two-story residential building in which at least 40 people lived. There were 153 people on board, including six crew members. All died.

On April 20, 2012, a Bhoja Airline Boeing 737 crashed in Pakistan while flying from the Pakistani city of Karachi. The plane crashed near the Chaklala military air base, located near the capital of Pakistan, Islamabad. All 127 people on board were killed.

The most mysterious air tragedy remains the disappearance of a Malaysian Airlines plane on March 8 this year. Flight Kuala Lumpur - Beijing. Boeing 777-200 flying over South China Sea, suddenly disappeared from the radar of dispatchers. Subsequently, it was found that the aircraft was disconnected, and the liner itself deviated from the course and was in the air for about seven hours after the “disappearance”. The aircraft was never found and is now believed to have crashed in the southern part indian ocean. There were 239 people on board. Until today, this disaster was considered the largest in 10 years.

Hello dear readers! Glad to see you on the pages of my blog. Talking about various emergencies, we try to understand their cause and, as a rule, human mistakes become the cause of most tragedies. Today we will look at three of the largest air crashes in the world.

Of course, the largest air crash in terms of the number of victims is the September 11 terrorist attack, I wrote about this tragedy. But given that this situation is ambiguous, since there is not only the main version of the tragedy, but also an alternative one. Therefore, we will leave this catastrophe behind the brackets.

Aircraft crews:

Boeing 747-121 (owned by Pan American): the first pilot was Victor Grubbs (more than 21,000 flying hours, which is a lot for a pilot), the co-pilot was also an experienced (more than 10,000 hours) Robert Glagg. The crew included a flight engineer and 13 flight attendants.
Boeing 747-206B (KLM Airlines): aircraft in command of Jacob van Zanten ( total number he had significantly fewer hours than Grubbs - almost 12,000, but of these he flew this aircraft model for more than 1,500 hours, while Grubbs - 564 hours). The second pilot was K. Meurs (17 years of flight experience, more than 9000 hours). There were 11 flight attendants and a flight engineer on board the KML.

Passengers:

There were 380 people on the Pan American plane, including actress and model Yves Meyer. 61 people managed to escape from the plane on their own, including both pilots and a flight engineer.

234 people were flying in KLM - all of them, including 16 crew members, died at the scene of the accident. It is noteworthy that this flight originally flew 235 people, but during the forced stop of the liner at Tenerife airport, one of the passengers got off the plane, because. I wanted to see in the city with my friends. This spontaneous decision saved her from death.

A total of 583 people died.

What happened:

The main cause of the disaster was the human factor. A series of accidents and mistakes led to a terrible tragedy.

First, there was a terrorist attack at the Las Palmas airport, where both airliners were supposed to land. There were no fatalities then, but the authorities decided to ban all flights.

Everyone in the sky was ordered to proceed to the nearest Los Rodeos airport (although the Pan American captain had the necessary experience, and the plane had the necessary fuel supply in order to stay in the air until the airport opened, the controller ordered to land at a nearby airport).

Then confusion began in Los Rodeos: the airport was not physically able to receive such a number of aircraft, the liners were everywhere, all the parking lots were occupied, they had to stop right on the runways and taxiways.

Las Palmas airport was opened only a few hours later and the aircraft began to leave Los Rodeos in turn. During the parking, the KML commander refueled his aircraft to a full tank (later this decision would become one of the fatal ones).

First on runway It was KML that hit, almost immediately after it the dispatcher sent a Pan American plane. The first one at the end of the runway turned 180 degrees (such a maneuver is rather complicated for this Boeing model, but the controllers and pilots actually had no choice, since the airport received too many planes).

While the liner was making a U-turn, the weather deteriorated sharply - everything around was shrouded in thick fog (visibility was no further than 300 meters).

At this time, the Boeing 747-121 followed the runway straight ahead. Crew members were instructed to turn onto the C3 steering track. However, having taxied to it, the commander discovered that the angle of rotation was more than 135 degrees (such a rotation was impossible for this aircraft) and decided that the controller meant track C4 (on the recordings, you can clearly hear a voice pointing to the 3rd).

The visibility is deteriorating (no more than 100 meters), the orientation lights are not on, the pilots do not see each other, they cannot figure out how to taxi to the track, the dispatcher on the tower does not see a single traffic participant.

The records indicate that the controller spoke with a strong Spanish accent, the pilots of both aircraft had to clarify instructions. The negotiations were not coordinated: the crew members interfered in each other's conversation, creating interference and muffled the words.

Non-standard phrases were also used (at that time there were no exact regulations) such as “OK”, “We are on takeoff” (it is not clear here whether the plane is ready for takeoff or whether it is already taking off), etc.

Thus, it turned out that the controller and the first pilots misunderstood each other and both aircraft moved forward. At the same time, KML was already starting to take off, the nose and the main part took off from the ground. The crews noticed each other too late.

V. Grubbs gave full throttle, hoping to go to the coveted track C4. But he didn't. KML at this point is struggling to take off, but the tank is filled to full (which increased its carrying capacity, and therefore takeoff time).

At the moment of impact, the Boeing 747-206B is already in the air, but the lower part at full speed catches Pan American. From the impact, holes are formed in the middle part of the fuselage of an American aircraft. Through them, and managed to get out most of the survivors.

KML loses landing gear and wings, after 150 meters falls on its belly, slips a few hundred meters more and completely falls apart. Both planes are on fire. The collision occurs just 600 meters from the airport building.

Both captains were found guilty of the accident. aircraft and dispatcher.

Worst single plane crash ever

Boeing crash 747 over Japan. The worst single plane crash in history occurred on August 12, 1985.

Crew:

Aircraft commander M. Takahama had 17 years of flying behind him, he spent almost 12,500 hours in the air, almost 500 of them on a Boeing 747 (and this is quite a decent experience). Co-pilot Yu. Sasaki flew half as much on Boeing, but served in aviation for 15 years.

Flight engineer H. Fukuda operated the liners for 28 years.

The aircraft consisted of 12 flight attendants (the most experienced of them, 39-year-old D. Hatano, flew more than 10,000 hours).

Passengers:

Tickets for the flight were sold out almost instantly (on the eve of the important Opon holiday for Japan), many were in a hurry to go home to their families. In total, there were 509 passengers on board. Including a popular Japanese singer, a prefectural official, a banker (father of the well-known violinist Diana Yukawa) and a Japan Airlines flight attendant (who was on vacation and flew home). Among the passengers were citizens of many countries: Korea, USA, Germany, Italy, China, Great Britain, etc.

The accident claimed the lives of 520 people, only four survived (not a single crew member).

What happened:

At the beginning of the sixth evening, the airliner takes off from the capital of Japan. After 12 minutes, an explosion rumbles: the plane loses the vertical tail stabilizer (it provides stability at the slip angle). Because of this, the pressure in the cabin dropped sharply. Lost control of the vehicle.

Passengers put on oxygen masks, the crew is trying to calm people down (this can be heard on the recordings). The commander tries to find out what happened.

The plane continued its normal flight for some time, so the flight engineer does not immediately understand that something irreparable has happened, suggesting that the landing gear doors were torn off in flight. A malfunction of all hydraulic systems is detected. Takahama is trying to turn the liner into reverse side, but the steering wheel does not obey.

At 18.26, the pressure in the cockpit drops to a critical level (this is noticeable from the crew's conversation), after 2 minutes an alarm goes off, announcing the depressurization of the cockpit.

For several minutes, the ship's commander and Tokyo's ATC center discuss rescue options. The management advises to land the plane at the nearest airport 115 km away from the plane's location, but Takahama decides to return to the airport where the plane took off.

It is still possible to maintain control over the engines, however, having lost its stabilizer, the liner sways in the air from side to side, either gaining or losing height, it is actually uncontrollable.

The car goes astray and makes a four-kilometer circle, but with titanic efforts the captain manages to return it to the course (if the steering wheel fails, it is possible to control the aircraft using the engine, but this is extremely difficult and most of maneuvers becomes unavailable).

Another 20 minutes pass like this. On the recording, you can hear that until the last moment the crew is making desperate attempts to land the plane. At 18.56 Boeing crashes into a mountain, bounces off it, clings to the tops of trees, loses the right half-wing. The commander pronounces the last words on the plane 3 seconds before the decisive collision: "This is the end." The plane was torn to pieces by the impact.

The skill and numerous attempts of the ship's commander to save his plane bore fruit: the examination showed that the vast majority of passengers died already on the ground from hypothermia and various injuries.

The thing is that in Japan at that time there were a huge number of rescue services. While they competed with each other for the right to provide assistance, people died in the destroyed fuselage. The rescue team arrived at the crash site only after 14 hours. Can you imagine? In 14 hours!

During the search, both flight recorders were found, as well as numerous notes for the dead: people said goodbye to their relatives, everyone on the plane understood that a catastrophe was inevitable.

The culprits of the tragedy were recognized as technicians who carried out the last repair of the aircraft.

Tragedy over India

On November 12, 1996, a Boeing 747 168B collided 75 kilometers from Delhi ( Saudi Arabia) and IL 76 (military transport aircraft of Kazakh Airlines).

Crews:

Passengers:

The Boeing cabin was almost completely filled: many Indians flew to their place of work. In addition to citizens of India, Americans, British, Pakistanis, and others also flew on this flight. A total of 289 people.
The IL carried only 29 passengers on its board, including one child. 14 people had Russian citizenship.

None of the 349 people on both planes survived. Only four managed by some miracle not to die in the fall, but they died from their injuries before receiving help.

What happened:

Both aircraft were operated by an experienced Indian air traffic controller. An IL-76 flight radio operator negotiated with him, he also received information that a Saudi airliner was moving in the immediate vicinity of his aircraft.

The key moment in the chain of events that led to the disaster is the structure of the Kazakh aircraft. The design of the IL 76 provides for a separate place for the flight radio operator, but the specialist does not have his own altimeter (i.e. he is forced to constantly request data from the pilots).

The radio operator on that day, having learned that the Boeing would fly nearby, gave the command to the pilots to descend to another flight level (the distance between the aircraft was supposed to be 300 meters). However, when the radio operator clarified how close the other liner was, the answer was very strange: "14 km."

It can be concluded that the captain, navigator and co-pilot then incorrectly interpreted the instructions of the radio operator. The plane continued its descent (for what reason - it was never found out).

At 18.41 on the ground, the controller noticed how the two dots representing both liners met. This did not necessarily mean a collision (they could well have passed under each other), but immediately after the incident, communication with both aircraft was interrupted.

Almost immediately, a message came from a ship flying a level below: they noticed a bright flash in the sky, pieces of the plane flying down and two fires on the ground.

The IL touched the left wing of the Boeing 747 and severely damaged its tail. From the blow, the Boeing spun and it fell to pieces while still in the air. The Kazakh plane lost a wing and crashed 7 km from the crash site of the Boeing.

The crew of IL 76 was found guilty of the collision: they did not speak English well, so they did not understand the dispatcher's instructions accurately enough. In addition, there was no coherence in the work of the team and negligence was present: the pilots incorrectly interpreted the instructions of the radio operator, who, in turn, did not make sure that the commands were accepted for execution.

The Indian controller did not have radar (he could not track the exact movement of the liners), the airport did not have different corridors for takeoffs and landings (both actions were carried out on one), none of the aircraft was equipped with a collision avoidance system.