How planes are transported. The largest cargo planes in the world

The first aircraft could hardly bear the weight of an adult, lifting him only a few centimeters above the ground. Modern planes and helicopters are capable of transporting loads weighing several tens of tons over phenomenal distances, penetrating even into the most remote corners of our planet. However, this is possible only with the correct and thoughtful selection of air transport in accordance with the nature and characteristics of the cargo intended for transportation on it. Before considering the most popular aircraft models, which today organize the delivery of goods from China and other distant countries, it is necessary to determine the advantages of air transportation over sea and land routes. So, air transport allows you to deliver goods with a high material price in the shortest possible time, while the possibility of unforeseen circumstances and the cost of customs services are minimized, while the reliability and safety of the transported items remains at the highest level. True, the high cost can repel a number of businessmen. But those who value their time also value air travel. Today, many companies involved in cargo transportation of various types provide the opportunity to transport goods and other items. by air. However, it is the OptiLog FEA company that knows all the nuances of transportation in this way and offers a comprehensive service that includes not only delivery from one airport to another, but also unloading from a warehouse, delivery to the point of departure, registration of all accompanying documentation, insurance documents, and accurate loading and unloading upon arrival. At the same time, we monitor the condition of the transported cargo at each stage and are attentive to all the wishes of the client.

Delivery of goods from China and other countries of the world to Russia, organized by the efforts of our company's specialists, is usually carried out on the following aircraft AN 12, AN 22, AN 26, AN 74, AN 124 (Ruslan), AN 225 (Maria), Airbus 300 B41, Boeing 737, Boeing 747, Boeing 757, IL 76, DC 10, DC 8, Fokker 27, L 100-30, MD 11, Saab 340, TU 204, MI 8, MI 26.

Aircraft AN 12- a cargo aircraft, which is an all-metal, cantilever high-wing aircraft with a straight wing. The landing gear of the aircraft is characterized by high cross-country ability, thanks to which the AN-12 takes off without problems from unpaved airfields. Loading is carried out through a cargo hatch with a ramp, located in the rear of the fuselage and freely passing large equipment. Unloading is possible in the same way or by dropping cargo on parachutes. The process of loading, unloading and mooring is greatly facilitated by an onboard loading device capable of lifting objects weighing up to 2.5 tons, and a winch that draws non-self-propelled loads into the cabin. Delivery of goods from China, Japan, Korea, Europe, North and South America With the help of the AN 12 aircraft, it is possible to transport goods with a total weight of up to 18,000 kg in one voyage.

Characteristics of the aircraft AN 12

Aircraft AN 22 "Antey" made according to the high-plan scheme. The design provides for a cargo hatch of impressive dimensions - 4.4 × 16 m. In addition, the aircraft is equipped with an inclined ladder-ramp, which can be installed at different levels, and four telphers, each of which has a carrying capacity of 2.5 tons. The ramp and telphers make the AN 22 independent of the availability of loading and unloading devices at airfields. It also provides for the transport of goods. large dimensions on an external sling: on the fuselage or under the wing. A multi-rack 12-wheel chassis, characterized by increased cross-country ability, allows not only to land on the ground and take off from it, but also to land even if one or two racks are not released or the pneumatic shock absorbers and racks are destroyed. Thanks to these characteristics, the delivery of goods from China, North America and other major economic centers of the world becomes not only fast, but also as safe as possible, and the unique carrying capacity of this aircraft (up to 50,000 kg) allows saving and transporting the entire cargo in one flight.

Characteristics of the aircraft AN 22

Transport aircraft AN 26 traditionally used for the transportation of goods and small-sized equipment over distances up to 2000 km. This vessel is distinguished by amazing stability, ease of control, so that the aircraft can be flown by pilots of average qualification. And the unique takeoff and landing qualities, coupled with highly passable landing gear, make it unpretentious in terms of the type of runway and make it possible to operate in almost any weather conditions on pebbly, unpaved, sandy, "soaked" and snow-covered airfields of very modest size. The design of the monoplane and the wide opening of the cargo hatch allow the installation of a special ladder-leaf, which facilitates and speeds up the process of unloading and loading from the ground or a car body. The speed of unloading and loading operations is also beneficially affected by the beam crane built into the aircraft, capable of lifting weights up to 1500 kg. The specialists of our company will be happy to arrange for you the delivery of goods by aircraft AN 26, as well as provide customs services, resolve "paper" issues and control each stage of transportation.

Characteristics of the aircraft AN 26

AN 74- a unique aircraft, which was created to transport goods and equipment at any latitude at any climatic conditions. It works flawlessly with temperature regime in the range from -60 to +45 ° C, in the mountains and on the plains, at the equator and poles. Typically used on medium to short haul routes. AN 74 is suitable for operation both on equipped and non-equipped airfield sites with concrete, pebble, dirt or snow cover. Capable of taking off and landing at any time of the day. The cargo compartment is optimized for the dimensions of the most typical cargo and allows you to transport cargo in containers, rigid pallets, non-standard containers (barrels, bales), as well as wheeled vehicles. The opening of the loading compartment is closed with a ramp, which the company VED "OptiLog" recommends to use as a ladder. The aircraft is also equipped with an onboard loading device with a payload capacity of up to 2500 kg.

Characteristics of the aircraft AN 74

AN 124 (Ruslan) belongs to the class of heavy transport aircraft and is designed to transport bulky goods around the world. Excellent aerodynamic characteristics and, as a result, a long flight range are provided by a thick swept wing and a carefully thought-out fuselage shape. The multi-rack 24-wheel landing gear allows the use of the AN 124 on unpaved runways of airfields, as well as changing the angle of inclination of the fuselage and the parking clearance, which greatly facilitates the process of loading and unloading operations. The special design of the fuselage suggests the presence of two cargo hatches, one of which is located in the forward fuselage, the other in the tail. The aircraft is also equipped with on-board mobile cranes and other handling equipment with a total capacity of 20 tons and mooring equipment, which makes loading and delivering cargo from China and other countries much faster. The aircraft AN 225 (Maria) is very similar in design and characteristics to the AN 124 and can carry heavy bulky cargo weighing up to 200 tons.

Characteristics of the aircraft AN 124 and AN 225

Airplane model	Maximum volume, m 3	Cargo compartment size (length×width×height), m	Cargo hatch size (width×height), m

Airplane Airbus 300 B4 was specially designed for the transportation of large structures, equipment and instruments to medium and short distances(up to 2700 km). It features an enlarged fuselage, an upward opening nose cone and a reinforced floor. In front of the wing, on the left side of the fuselage, there is a cargo door measuring 3.58 × 2.56 m. Up to 20 cargo pallets and another 20 cargo containers of the LD3 type in the lower cargo compartments can be simultaneously transported in the cabin. The aircraft is equipped with an impressive complex of loading and unloading equipment.

Characteristic Airbus aircraft 300 B4

Boeing 737 belongs to the class of short-range transport aircraft. More than a quarter of a century ago, he became the leader on short flights of airlines of most continents. The aircraft's high lift, excellent low-speed performance allowing for short landings and take-offs, and economy at high speeds and low altitudes have kept it competitive to this day.

Characteristic Boeing aircraft 737

Boeing 747 belongs to one of the most cargo-lifting aircraft. At the same time, it is characterized by low fuel costs per ton-mile, and the flight range can reach 8000 km. That is why this aircraft is ideal for organizing the economical and most profitable delivery of goods from China and other distant countries. The cargo Boeing 747 has a reinforced cabin floor, an impressive side cargo door, as well as a proper set of handling equipment.

Characteristics of the Boeing 747 aircraft

Boeing 757 Designed for the carriage of goods weighing up to 39 tons. 15 standard pallets can be placed in the aircraft cabin at the same time. The cargo hatch, through which loading and unloading is carried out by means of winches and an onboard loading device, is located on the left side of the fuselage. Without refueling, the aircraft is capable of covering a distance of 4670 km.

Characteristics of the Boeing 757 aircraft

DC 8- long-haul cargo aircraft, created by the efforts of American specialists from Douglas. With its help, the delivery of goods from France, Italy and other countries of Europe and the world becomes as accessible as possible. The maximum flight range of this vehicle- 8950 km. The aircraft is equipped with everything necessary equipment for fast and convenient unloading and loading.

Characteristics of the aircraft DC 8

DC 10 can be attributed to the class of wide-body long-haul aircraft. Some modifications are capable of flying over distances of up to 11,000 km, so the OptiLog VED company recommends this vessel to its customers when there is a need to deliver bulky cargo from remote corners of the planet. The DC 10 is loaded through the side door. Up to 30 LD3 type containers are freely placed in the cargo compartment. A standard set of loading and unloading equipment is installed on board.

Characteristics of the aircraft DC 10

Cargo airplane Fokker 27 traditionally used in local airlines, i.e. for domestic transport. At the rear of the fuselage of this aircraft is a large cargo hatch, equipped with pneumatic shutters. Loads weighing up to 6 tons are delivered to the cabin using a specially designed winch. The bottom of the aircraft is characterized by an excessive factor of safety, so that well-packed cargo remains safe even in the event of an emergency landing with the landing gear retracted.

Characteristics of the Fokker 27 aircraft

Airplane IL 76- an ideal option for the prompt delivery of bulky cargo, machinery and equipment via medium-length air routes located at different geographical latitudes. Almost any basing conditions are suitable for IL 76. Chassis with increased cross-country ability, powerful wing mechanization and impressive power-to-weight ratio ensure take-off from unprepared unpaved airfield runways and landing on them. At the same time, takeoff and landing distances are quite insignificant for an aircraft of this size. Delivery of goods from China to Russia, as well as transportation of goods from other countries is possible in air or automobile containers of any type, pallets and other containers used in international transport. Such versatility is achieved due to the special design of the cargo compartment, equipped with various on-board facilities and devices for loading and unloading, and its dimensions.

Characteristics of the aircraft IL 76

L 100-30- medium-duty transport aircraft manufactured by Lockheed. The flight range at maximum load is 3790 km, thanks to which the delivery of goods from France and other countries can be organized. European countries with a total weight of up to 21 tons. The main cargo hatch is located at the rear of the cab. Loading and unloading operations are accelerated thanks to a special ramp with a hydraulic drive. It is worth noting that these aircraft often take part in operations to organize and provide humanitarian assistance.

Characteristics of the aircraft L 100-30

MD11- a wide-body long-haul aircraft capable of carrying cargo over a distance of up to 7,500 km. It allows you to place up to 6 standard containers on main deck, the rest of the cargo is located in the lower compartments. Loading is carried out through an upward opening door measuring 3.55 × 2.55.

Characteristics of the aircraft MD 11

Aircraft Saab 340 can be called a cantilever low-wing aircraft. It is used on short lines. The latest modifications have the possibility of short takeoff and landing, which allows the use of this aircraft even at small airfields. The relatively small payload, coupled with impressive maneuverability, makes the Saab 340 an ideal option for transportation in the "deaf" corners of the country.

Characteristics of the aircraft Saab 340

Airplane TU 204 ideal for medium haul airlines. The flight range at maximum load is about 4700 km. With the help of this aircraft, the delivery of goods from France, Germany, Spain and other European countries to Russia can be organized. The ship's fuselage has a side cargo door measuring 3.4×2.0. The cargo cabin can accommodate up to 14 standard pallets, while 12 containers of the 2AK-0.7 type are freely placed in the lower cargo compartments. For the convenience of loading and unloading operations, the floor of the cargo compartment is equipped with roller tracks, ball panels and other equipment.

Characteristics of the aircraft TU 204

MI 8- medium transport helicopter, which is used for the urgent delivery of goods weighing up to 4 tons. The volume of the cargo compartment is about 26 m 3 . The compartment is equipped with a large cargo hatch, cargo mooring units, reinforced floor and other characteristic features. The helicopter also has a side sliding door, the use of which is much more convenient and practical than using the hatch, cargo flaps and ladders. There are modifications equipped with an external suspension system that can withstand a weight of up to 3 tons, or a winch with an onboard boom, which makes it possible to lift loads weighing up to 150 kg on board in the “hover” mode.

Characteristics of the helicopter MI 8

Heavy transport helicopter MI 26 used for transportation of large cargoes, machinery and equipment with a total weight of up to 20 tons. It is often used in the construction of bridges, drilling, installation of power lines in hard-to-reach areas. Loading is carried out through a cargo hatch located in the rear fuselage. At the same time, the process is significantly accelerated thanks to the lowered ladder and ladders, as well as electric winches and a loading and unloading device with a lifting capacity of 5 tons. Our FEA company traditionally offers MI 26 to customers who know how to value time and money, since the combination of an impressive load capacity and cruising speed makes the use of this helicopter the most cost-effective form of air transportation.

Characteristics of the helicopter MI 26

The company "OptiLog" offers a wide range of services for air transportation of goods from different parts of the world, which includes the organization of charter flights on the appropriate characteristics of the cargo aircraft, sending goods to scheduled airlines, as well as legal, accounting, customs services. We are constantly actively looking for new reliable partners who will help us satisfy the wishes of even the most demanding customers. And OptiLog specialists are working on optimizing transport solutions, selection the best routes, search best prices and delivery times. Our path is the path of your development.

Interesting

We were approached by one of the closed design bureaus of which in our open spaces in sufficient numbers with a request to bring the aircraft to them in assembly. And the assembled dimensions were approximately 48 * 35 * 12.5. Looking at which we said that it would be impossible for the Gateways, since we definitely won’t go through the width. Although at that time it all seemed fiction and there was no smell of real work there ...
Then they returned to us about a month later and offered the option of partially dismantling the wings, although no one understood the exact dimensions at that time, but the conversation was that the width would not exceed 15 meters, while they wanted to leave the full height.

This situation was already clear how it could be implemented, and we began to survey all routes. Based on inquiries to the State Budgetary Institution, we came to the conclusion that we would not be able to complete this work at full height due to the height of the bridge structures and suggested that the client dismantle the tail unit. The client agreed and we reached the final dimensions of 46 m * 15.5 * 9.
Having signed the contract and started implementation, they began to manufacture the frame on which it was installed; the main difficulty in manufacturing it was the complex geometry of the hull.
By this time, we had fully implemented survey reports and the main difficulty was with unloading, since there was an old pier at the loading site, which was still used to transport fuel tanks for the Buran space shuttle, then at the unloading site there was a real swamp with incomprehensible depths and a forest .
Moreover, according to the terms of the contract, our task was only to deliver the cargo to Dubna, and the client took over the unloading, since they are military people, they simply thought - we’ll bring the pontoon, put the plane on it with a melting point on the frame and pull it through the forest ...... a few since we tried to convince them, but the result was achieved only after they were sent ... with their colleague's pontoon.
But as a result, the front ski remained on the frame (he insisted on it very much at the manufacturing stage)
In the process of execution, we convinced them that we ourselves would build a pier in their swamp and take it to a sufficient depth, while its length was at least 200 meters into the water ...

But here we are at the secret airfield..... at first we were taken aback by the size of everything... I personally have never seen a gate 40 meters high that rides on rails like a train and weighs 200 tons. Yes, there are still bins at home. Having entered the hangar, the plane was not yet dismantled, and it was only being prepared, the view was inspiring one thing when you fly and don’t think, and the second thing is when you come up and think that right now you need to carry it.

The second question was about the water, since the barge was already moving and the tugboat was already on it, of the Sluice type with a felling height of 13 meters, and water was coming in the Samarka River because there was a flood. And the most disgusting thing was that the height at the entrance to Samarka was no more than 11 meters (limited by the height of the road bridge). We had to interpret very quickly and look for a replacement, which we found. Putting instead of the main baby of the RT type at the entrance to the Samarka and to the supply for loading. The shipping inspection until the last refused to put us on a non-operating berth, but the trawling of the surroundings and the correct pilot corrected the current approach.

The loading itself was not difficult as the frame fit perfectly and stood up very well.
The aircraft on the chassis was rolled out of the box, after which the aircraft was lowered onto the installed frame by car.
Having dived and driven a couple of kilometers along the take-off field, we came to an intersection on a public road on which we turned around and began to reverse down to the pier (since we had to roll out in Dubna in front, so we entered the barge backwards)
The main difficulty at this stage was to reverse with such a load 4 kilometers along a small country road with a slope, but I was very worried .. Before that, we drove the mock-up, but the mock-up and the real load are completely different things. But the driver did it absolutely masterfully and without one stop we covered all 4 kilometers.

The main concern when driving backwards onto a barge is a finger popping out of the tractor saddle as it pushes the load up.

After the arrival, we delivered the rest of the parts and went to Dubna, but the main problem was that the cargo was 2 meters beyond the dimensions of the barge, and this led to an additional project for locks and traction in the form of additional tugs during locking.

In Dubna, we ran aground 2 times during shunting, which took 4 hours to squeeze this swamp, but nevertheless we approached and successfully rolled down.

Pets often travel with their owners. When transported by bus or railway transport there are no problems. But how are dogs transported on an airplane? Rules for the transportation of these animals have been established.

Can you take a dog on a plane

Air carriers do not impose bans on the transportation of pets. They set certain rules. The carriage of a dog is carried out directly in the aircraft cabin or in the cargo hold. To do this, the owner must have the appropriate documents and permissions.

Important! When flying to international flights a passenger with a dog must comply with the rules for importing animals of the country of arrival.

Many states establish strict norms for the weight of an animal that is imported into their territory. Customs services require not only certificates from an international veterinarian, but also a breed certificate.

Rules for transporting dogs on an airplane and in "luggage"

To travel with your pet, you must first obtain permission from the airline from which you purchased the ticket. According to the established rules, no more than 5 animals should be on board the aircraft. It is necessary to notify the company that the passenger is flying with a pet no later than 36 hours before departure.

Note. If a traveler arrives at the airport with a pet without obtaining permission from the air carrier to transport it, he will not be allowed to board the flight.

To transport dogs in the cabin of an aircraft, the following requirements must be met:

mandatory accompaniment of a pet by an adult;
the weight of the animal should not exceed 8 kg;
it must be in a special cage, container (their size should not exceed 1.15 in width, length and height).

The animal should feel comfortable in it, freely lie down or stand up to its full height.

Passengers who carry pets as " hand luggage", seated on remote places: near emergency exits or restrooms. At the same time, travelers should have a first aid kit with them. On high altitude Many animals experience discomfort and pain.

Animals weighing more than 8 kg travel in the luggage compartment. To do this, you need to place them in special large containers or cages. Their size must be at least 1.55 m in width, length and height.

The passenger checks in such baggage in a special window. It is necessary to carefully check the correctness of filling out the documents for the container with the dog. It has a barcode on it. On it there is an automatic distribution of luggage. The animal is then placed in special compartment with fixed trays. So it will be much easier for him to transfer the flight.

What is important to know when booking

Initially, you need to familiarize yourself with the rules for transporting animals of the airline in which tickets are purchased. When booking, you must indicate that a dog is traveling with the passenger. At the same time, its weight and dimensions of the container are indicated.

Note. If the weight of the animal is 5-8 kg, you can clarify whether a soft small bag is suitable for transporting it.

You must also indicate the breed of the dog. It is worth considering that many airlines prohibit the transportation of brachycephalic dog breeds. It is better to book a place for a pet in advance, as the number of places on board for them is limited.

Before the flight, the dog must be shown to the veterinarian, who accepts directly at the airport. First you need to clarify the time of its work. You may need to arrive a few hours before departure.

Documents for transporting a dog in Russia

For transporting a pet around the territory Russian Federation certain documents are required. First - veterinary passport. It is filled in by a veterinarian after the primary vaccination.

It contains the following information:

breed of dog;
her color;
nickname;
age;
Owner's name, address and telephone number;
vaccination data.

Your pet must be vaccinated against rabies before flying. This disease is dangerous for humans.

Important! All vaccinations must be done no later than 30 days before departure.

On the basis of the veterinary passport, they issue veterinary certificate state standard according to the form No. 1(usually this document is called the F1 veterinary certificate). It confirms the absence of dangerous diseases in the animal.

It contains the following information:

Name of the owner;
route;
the name of the pet;
his gender and age, breed;
vaccination dates;
results of verification studies.

This certificate is obtained from the veterinary service.

Important! The validity of the document is 5 days from the date of issue. Therefore, it is received 1-2 days before the flight.

At the airport, the pet passes an additional veterinary control. The procedure takes 40 minutes. Some air carriers recommend that passengers go through such control a day before departure. In this way, unforeseen situations can be avoided.

Documents for taking a pet abroad

To transport an animal on international flights, you must follow the rules established by the customs service of the country of arrival. Transportation of dogs on an airplane abroad is possible only if they have international veterinary passport. Labels from vaccines that were made to the pet are pasted into it.

Initially draw up veterinary certificate of the state sample. Then it is exchanged for an international veterinary passport at the checkpoint. The document is valid for 90 days.

Note. The certificate of international standard must be kept during the trip. It will also be required when leaving a foreign country.

During the trip, the animal may get lost. Find out information about its owner helps chipping. This procedure, in which an empty capsule with a microchip is injected under the skin of a pet. He was assigned a unique number. It is read by a scanner. By this number, you can easily find out information about the owner of the animal. It is worth considering that microchipping is mandatory when traveling abroad.

Shipping cost

Transportation of an animal in the cabin of an aircraft is paid according to the rules excess baggage. Only guide dogs can fly for free. As for charter flights, the cost of transporting a pet depends on its weight. It varies between 100-200 euros.

Carry Requirements

The container for transporting the animal must be made of durable plastic. You can use a cage or a soft bag as it. The latter option is possible when transporting a pet in the cabin.

Only one dog can be in one container. It should have special windows for air access.

It has information about the dog on it. When flying abroad, it must be transferred to English language. The bottom of the container is lined with a soft cloth. An absorbent diaper is placed on top of it.

There must be a collar around the dog's neck. The leash from it is placed at the bottom of the carrier or container. During the flight it is forbidden to fasten the animal. There must be a lock on the door of the container so that the dog does not get out of it on its own.

Preparing an animal for flight

It is forbidden to feed the animal 4 hours before departure. It is also not recommended to do this during the flight. First you need to take a walk with your pet so that he goes to the toilet. It is forbidden to give him sleeping pills and sedatives. They lower the pressure. In combination with jumps in atmospheric pressure, they can cause death.

Dear visitors of the Aviawiki site! There are so many of your questions that, unfortunately, our specialists do not always have time to answer all of them. As a reminder, we answer questions absolutely free of charge and on a first-come, first-served basis. However, you have the opportunity to get a guaranteed prompt response for a nominal amount..

Since there is no limit to human imagination and ingenuity, more and more new and modern aircraft models appear. They are getting better, more economical, safer, and of course, more massive.

Airbus A380

This aircraft has two decks and is the largest for carrying passengers.

The height of the aircraft is 24 meters, the wingspan is 80 meters, and the length is 73 meters.

The aircraft carries up to 555 passengers, in a single-class modification - 853 passengers.

This aircraft is capable of overcoming 15,000 kilometers non-stop, being at the same time very economical. On creation of Airbus A380 was spent 10 years at a project cost of 12 billion euros. First commercial flight took place in October 2007. Then 455 passengers boarded to fly on the Singapore-Sydney route.

During construction, the main sections of the liner are transported by land and surface transport, although some parts are transported by An-124 aircraft.

This model was created as an alternative, previously considered the largest for 35 years. But Airbus moved the "colleague" from a place of honor due to its efficiency not only in fuel, but also in cost.

The developers also achieved a reduction in the weight of the aircraft. The highlight of the design is that 40% of the composition of the Airbus A380 body is graphite (wings and fuselage). The cost of the aircraft itself is about 390 million euros.

This airliner is the leader in terms of flight range. It is capable of flying over 21,000 km without refueling. Operation began in 1995. The aircraft can carry from 300 to 550 people in the cabin. The 777-300 ER is powered by two General Electric gas turbine engines, which are the most powerful engines in their class.

It has top speed at 965 km / h with an impressive mass of 250 tons. One of the main distinguishing features is economy. On the base passenger aircraft a cargo modification was also created. The symbol "ER" stands for Extended Range (increased range).

A modification of the well-known 747 appeared in 2005. The hull has become longer, at the same time the aircraft is more economical. This model is the leader in the number of special orders for billionaires and top officials of the state. It is used by the heads of 19 states. Version 747-8 is the largest commercial aircraft in the world. The first owner of the commercial model 747-8 is the German company Lufthansa.

Officially, it is the longest aircraft in the world!

Hughes H-4 Hercules

This huge car is one of the record holders for the number of passengers (750), but now it is a museum. The plane was created under the guidance of the famous millionaire Howard Hughes, and was made of wood. The creator of Hercules himself maintained the aircraft in working condition until his death. In 1993, the plane found its eternal parking in Oregon, and more than 300,000 tourists visit it annually.

"Hercules" was developed as a wooden flying boat weighing 136 tons. At the same time, the aircraft was until May 2017 the widest aircraft with a wingspan of 98 meters.

The most capacious of Russian liners, it can accommodate 435 passengers. At the moment, it is used only by the Rossiya transport company as a VIP transport and Cubana, including for the President of Cuba. It has a modification 96-300PU (control point) - like the aircraft of the President of the Russian Federation. Now on the basis of IL-96M, IL-96-400 was created, with the same capacity as its predecessor.

Unfortunately, the mass production of this model did not take place, despite the fact that it was designed by Western and domestic specialists.

This liner has proven itself well on long distance since 2002. Its capacity is 380 passengers in three class classifications, 419 in two class classifications. Flight range - 14,800 km. Initially developed as an alternative to early Boeing models. Although the airliner is identical in terms of the number of passengers to the Boeing 747, the luggage compartment is twice as large as that of a competitor. Series production ended in 2011.

Cargo aircraft

- the most cargo-lifting aircraft in the world. The aircraft was created in the Design Bureau. Antonova. The basis for the creation of "Mriya" was.

The development of "Mriya" was in close relationship with the program "Buran". It was with the help of the An-225 that parts for the shuttle were transported, and subsequently the ship itself. Since the dimensions of the launch vehicle blocks and the Buran itself were larger than cargo compartment"Mriya", the An-225 provided for external mounts for such cargo.

There is one copy, but there is a joint Ukrainian-Chinese construction of another "Mriya".

The original mission of the aircraft was to transport ballistic missiles. But the result is impressive. An-124 began to be used to transport military equipment. Aircraft option for civil aviation can fly at any latitude and carry many types of cargo, including bulky cargo.

The cost of one copy is $ 300 million, which is more than for many passenger airliners.

The aircraft was developed in the USA for military transportation back in 1968. Capable of carrying up to 345 soldiers or several pieces of military equipment.

It was the most lifting until the appearance of the An-124 in 1982.

Reason to create this aircraft the location of Airbus factories in several places and the need to transport individual parts served Airbus liners. A total of 5 copies were created and they all work for Airbus. Currently, a similar device is being developed on the basis of the A340, for transporting parts of the Airbus A380.

The name comes from the beluga whale, whose shape resembles an aircraft.

Such an aircraft is designed to transport parts of the Boeing 787 aircraft. Before that, individual parts were transported by sea which was extremely inconvenient. Thus, the supply of wings from Japan for the 787 Dreamliner was reduced from 30 days to 8 hours. Only 4 copies have been released so far.

Military aircraft

Short story military aviation there are many cases when gigantomania came into fashion. The result was the construction of huge aircraft. Some representatives of the largest military aircraft will be described below.

The German aircraft of the Second World War was at that time the heaviest land aircraft. Widely used in North Africa to supply troops. The carrying capacity is 23 tons. Unlike the predecessor Me.321, which flew only one way and was subsequently blown up by the crew, the Me.323 was equipped with engines and landing gear.

The aircraft became the basis for many engineering solutions still used in military aviation. It can and should be called the first military transport aircraft.

The aircraft was created in 1943 in Germany. The base for its creation was the Ju 290. It was created to perform many tasks, including as a strategic bomber that could even bomb US territory. The Germans planned to build 26 aircraft, in fact only two were built.

The aircraft had a unique flight range for its time - 9700 km, which allowed the Germans to seriously think about bombing in the United States.

The plane was created in the USA, like a flying boat. The Navy used it as an ocean patrol aircraft. In total, 5 devices of this type were created. In terms of wingspan, the JRM Mars is the largest mass-produced seaplane in history (the H-4 Hercules was produced in only one copy).

The last of the aircraft of this type is still in operation as a firefighting aircraft.

Aircraft created by Boeing in 1941 to confront enemy Japan. Entered serial production in 1943. B-29 embodied all the latest engineering solutions of that time and was a model for the current military aircraft industry. He became widely known after the use of atomic weapons in Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945.

To establish a military balance, by order of I.V. Stalin, an analogue of the B-29 was created, an unlicensed copy of the Tu-4.

Initially, the B-52 was created as an intercontinental strategic bomber, but, being a means of delivering nuclear weapons, it was used in military conflicts only for training. Having an altitude ceiling of up to 15,000 m, he was able to deliver two thermonuclear bombs to any point in the USSR.

The B-52 was actively used in many military conflicts, primarily in Vietnam from 1965 to 1973.

The US military plans to use B-52 aircraft until the 2040s with appropriate upgrades.

The legendary Soviet strategic bomber, which is still in service with the Russian Air Force. This is the world's only turboprop missile carrier. 60 vehicles of this type remain in service, capable of carrying X-101 missiles, which, with a range of 5500 km, allow the Tu-95 to attack targets quite calmly, without revealing itself on enemy air defense systems. Despite the fact that many of today's strategic bombers are jet-powered, the Tu-95 is not obsolete; on the contrary, this is its advantage, since some satellites track the bombers by jet exhaust.

On the basis of the Tu-95, various kinds of test aircraft were created, such as the passenger Tu-114, reconnaissance Tu-126.

Video about the Tu-95 - one of the best bombers of our time.

A supersonic missile carrier with a variable sweep of the wing was developed at the Tupolev Design Bureau in the 70-80s. Many prefixes “most” can be attributed to the aircraft. Tu-160 is the largest military aircraft, which also has the largest maximum takeoff weight. The Russian Air Force includes 16 Tu-160 aircraft based in Engels, Saratov Region.

In 2017, a decision was made to completely modernize the Tu-160.

The history of aircraft construction, both military and civil, does not have much time, however, during this time a huge leap has been made in the technologies used. Increases capacity over time passenger liners, their flight range, more and more challenging tasks, from transport to combat. One way or another, the aircraft industry will remain one of the most high-tech industries.

The main concern when driving backwards onto a barge is a finger popping out of the tractor saddle as it pushes the load up.

In Dubna, we ran aground 2 times during shunting, which took 4 hours to squeeze this swamp, but nevertheless we approached and successfully rolled down.