Through which cities does the Danube flow? A river that connects nations. Ancient name for the Danube
The Danube is the second longest river in Europe. The source of the river in Germany in the mountains of the Black Forest.
It flows through the territory of many states - Germany, Slovakia, Austria, Serbia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Croatia, Moldova, Ukraine, Romania and others. The Danube falls into the Black Sea.
The Danube River originates in the territory Germany, in the mountains Black Forest. The length of the river is 2960 km. The Danube flows or is the border of ten states. The Danube flows into the Black Sea, forming a huge delta in Romania and Ukraine.
As already mentioned, the handsome Danube begins on the slopes mountain range Black Forest in Germany. Its source is considered to be the confluence of two mountain streams Brigah and Brege near German city Donaueschingen. From this place to the Black Sea coast is exactly 2783 kilometers, although in the literature the figure of 2960 kilometers is more common without indicating exact location source. However, the Danube is still the largest river Western Europe, and given that it is connected by a navigable canal to the Rhine, through the Main River, then along the Danube you can directly cross the entire continent from the Black Sea to the Baltic. The mouth of the Danube is located between Romania and Ukraine and is a huge delta with an area of 5,500 square kilometers. It consists of three main girls and about 10 minor ones.
Danube is ancient river, near it for a long time settled first Indo-Europeans, then Slavs. No wonder, because the Danube River is full of fish. The Danube begins its journey in Germany, flows through eight European countries and flows into the Black Sea.
Danube flows into the Black Sea.
Danube river flows through Europe, originates in the mountains of the Black Forest (Germany) and carries its waters to the east, crossing the territories of 10 countries. On the picturesque banks of the Danube are located beautiful cities Europe - Budapest, Vienna, Belgrade, Bratislava.
The Danube ranks second in Europe among rivers in length (2960 km), second only to the Volga. It is also inferior to the Volga in terms of the mouth area.
The Danube is the longest river in Europe after the Volga. This famous river flows through the territory or borders of ten states.
The source of the Danube begins in Germany, in the Black Forest mountains, and this river flows to the Black Sea. The Danube Delta is the second largest after the Volga. The main part of the delta (about 83%) is located on the territory of Romania and 17% - in Ukraine.
1) The Danube River originates in the mountains of Baden-Württemberg (Black Forest / Germany), being fed from two streams Brega (it is longer, see) and Brig; the place of their confluence is considered to be the beginning of the Danube
There are many legends and fairy tales about the Danube, and no wonder, because after the source (Near Immendingen) it disappears through the ground, and only after 12 km it breaks out of the ground with the Aah key.
2) The Danube Delta is the second largest after the Volga, most of it is located on the territory of Romania, the smaller -in Ukraine, total area 4152 km, everything is guarded biosphere reserve.
3) The Danube River flows into the Black Sea.
The Danube begins after the connection of two mountain streams in the Black Forest mountain range in southwestern Germany. These are the Breg and Brigah streams. The first has a length of 48 kilometers, the second 43 kilometers. Nearby is the small German town of Donaueschingen. It is curious that 30 kilometers after the confluence, the Danube disappears underground through cracks in the limestone and only after 30 kilometers is shown again on the surface.
After the Volga, the Danube is the longest river in Europe and carries its waters through the lands of 10 countries and is navigable almost along its entire course. From the beginning of the source to Vienna, he is mountain river with a high current speed of 3 meters per second. From Vienna to the passage in the mountains at the Iron Gates, the river is already calmer and wider. Behind the Iron Gates, the Lower Danube Plain begins and the width of the river already reaches 2 kilometers.
The delta with an area of 4150 kilometers opens into the Black Sea, a small part of it belongs to Romania, the rest belongs to Ukraine. There are three main branches: the Sulina, along which navigation is carried out, the less significant Georgievskoye, Kiliyskoye and many small channels.
The Danube is the longest river in the European Union. it flows through the territory of as many as 10 states: Germany, Austria, Hungary, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, Serbia, Moldova, Ukraine. The Danube originates in Germany - in the mountains of the Black Forest.
flows into the Black Sea
The Danube River flows into Black Sea, forming a delta, and originates on the eastern slopes of the Black Forest.
The Danube flows into the Black Sea with 3 main branches (the so-called branches or channels in the deltas major rivers): Georgievsky (southern), Sulinsky (middle), Kiliya (southern).
The length of the Dnieper River is 2,850 kilometers, and the basin area of this river is 817,000 square kilometers.
Danube river is one of the largest in the world. It is the second longest in Europe (the first is the Volga), and the only one of such length in the European Union. Crossing several European countries, The Danube stretches for almost three thousand kilometers, eventually flowing into the Black Sea.
The Danube River is deservedly considered an international - or, international - river, and this is true, because in its length it flows through the territory of Germany, Austria, Hungary, Slovakia, Serbia, Croatia, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova and Ukraine. This river passes through several European capitals, worthily decorating them with their majestic appearance.
The mouth of the Danube is territorially divided between Ukraine and Romania, while the source lies in Germany. The Danube River was repeatedly mentioned in their writings by ancient authors, for example, Herodotus. The ancient Greeks called it the name of Istres, and the current name is of a Celtic root, and in most languages it sounds about the same.
People have long chosen the Danube, because it was a source of water and fish, which is why settlements grew on its banks. Attempts to cultivate the river were observed in deep antiquity- believed to be the first a stone bridge the Roman emperor Trajan built across the Danube, which happened at the very beginning of the 2nd century AD. Thus, the Danube has been known to many nations since ancient times, and a variety of tribes and civilizations inhabited its banks.
Surprisingly, such a long and really powerful river flows from two relatively small mountain streams. The source, located in the Black Forest mountains, in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, is formed from the confluence of Brigach and Breg. Their length is only about fifty kilometers, and in fact they can be called streams rather than rivers. Here, in the Baden-Württemberg city of Donaueschingen, is located old castle, near which the symbolic source of the mighty river is decorated. So, a huge Danube flows out of small mountain streams, passing further through almost the whole of Europe.
A small part of the river has an underground channel. Shortly after the source, about thirty kilometers later, the Danube River goes underground. It then seeps through rock and then it spreads to its full width. This is also sufficient amazing fact when such a mass of water comes out literally from the mountains. Truly, the Danube is unique in many ways.
The direction of the Danube is different in different parts - in places it bends, forms corners and loops. Ultimately, the river forks and its delta is quite wide. The delta region has a swampy area, abundant with lakes, but it itself is divided into two main parts. As already mentioned above, one of the parts belongs to Ukraine, while the second belongs to Romania. At the same time, the Romanian section of the Danube Delta is declared world heritage UNESCO.
Several islands can be observed along the length of the river. Among them, sometimes quite large ones come across - for example, the Zhitny Island in Slovakia, which is considered largest island on the Danube. Its area is almost two thousand square kilometers, and it is inhabited. People live on the island, they grow crops of wheat and other crops there, and at its southern tip there is a whole range of nature reserves. They contain rare species of plants, birds and animals, the existence of which in Lately endangered throughout the rest of the world. Although the island belongs to Slovakia, mostly Hungarians live there, who are citizens of this state - this has happened historically.
Of course, the Danube River is also remarkable within the boundaries of European capitals. Speaking of Hungary, one cannot fail to mention Budapest, through which the river flows, dividing it into two main parts - Buda and Pest. Once upon a time, these were two different independent cities, until, finally, they united into one, which became the capital of Hungary.
In Budapest, the Danube is hidden in stone embankments, and along them are amazing beauty houses that amaze every tourist with their unique architecture. This is the Parliament building, a number of luxury hotels, other buildings, and the famous mountain Gellert is also clearly visible from the banks of the Danube. Seven colorful bridges are thrown across the river, which are illuminated in the evening and at night with a lot of light bulbs, which makes the overall picture even more attractive.
In addition to Budapest, the Danube crosses such capitals as Vienna, Belgrade, Bratislava. Located on its banks and others famous cities, which, although they are not the capitals of states, are no less large and famous for that. Among them, we can mention the German Passau - the once famous center for the manufacture of edged weapons for almost all of Europe. Galati, Brăila, Ruse and Linz are also cities on the Danube. And besides them, many hundreds of smaller towns and villages, albeit unknown, but for centuries present on the banks of this great river.
In addition, the Danube River is an important transport artery of great importance for the whole of Europe. It has developed both passenger and transport shipping, and every day during the shipping season, hundreds of people and thousands of tons of various cargoes ply in all directions along the Danube. This message is interrupted only for a couple of months a year, since most The Danube is quite navigable.
In addition, a whole network of channels, equipped with human hands, branches out from it. These canals link rivers, cities and countries. Of course, they are also important in the economic sense, and the Danube gives them all a start.
Today, anyone can book a ticket to river cruise along the Danube. It will be a truly exciting experience as the cruise will take you through several countries, through the capital cities mentioned above and smaller cities. Stops will be made at various locations. You can easily see the whole of Europe and gain a lot of interesting impressions while traveling along the Danube.
The famous and world-famous Danube River flows through 10 countries of the world, and ranks second in terms of the length of rivers in Europe, after the Russian River. The Danube River is the longest river in European Union, its length reaches 2960 km. The river originates in and, flowing through almost all of Europe, flows into Ukraine at a wide mouth. ( 11 photos)
Of course, the first thing worth highlighting in the merits of the river is that it flows and is geographical border 10 states. It also holds the honorary title of the longest river in Europe. And so, the Danube river crosses the countries: Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova and Ukraine.
The total length of the river is 2960 km. On the banks of the river there are many big cities and even the capitals of some countries, located next to the river:, the capital of Austria; the city of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia; the city of Budapest, the capital of Hungary; The capital of Slavakia is the city of Bratislava.
The Danube originates in Germany, high in the Black Forest mountains at an altitude of 678 meters, where it is formed by the confluence of two mountain streams Breg and Brigach. It is from here that the great river originates, then passing through most of Europe and crossing many cities, it flows into the Black Sea. The Danube has one distinguishing feature along which it is unlike any other river in the world.
The Danube River completely disappears underground, actually disappearing from the surface of the earth. This happens about 30 km from the source, in the town of Immendingen, Germany. It would seem that everything, there is no river, but 12 km to the south, the Aakhsky spring beats with a big spring, this is precisely the continuation of the Danube River, and it does not disappear, but only sinks underground.
Flowing through limestone rocks and underground crevices, it flows out. IN medieval period scientists could not determine whether the river disappears completely or only temporarily sinks underground while continuing its movement. And only in 1877 it was finally possible to prove that the Danube continues to move underground, for this, salt was dissolved upstream and after some time the waters of the source became salty. Such a simple experience shed light on the geography of the river.
The annual water flow is 6700 m³/s, the slope of the river is 0.237 m/km. As a whole, the Danube is a fairly branched river with a large number of tributaries and branches. The main areas feeding the river are mountain system. The main sources for the river are small mountain streams.
The Danube River is subject to annual floods, which, due to the length of the river, come in different time and in different areas rivers. Freezing is also a non-standard quality of the river; again, due to its large length, the river does not freeze evenly and not in all areas.
The code amplitude of water level fluctuations is from 4-5 meters. average temperature in winter in the river areas it is from -1 to -5 degrees °C. In summer, the temperature rises to +20 °C. Strong cold winds blow almost constantly on Duai. Air masses come here from the Atlantic regions, of Eastern Europe and western Asia. The winds here are so strong that sometimes they can even change the direction of the river flow to the opposite, the wind speed can reach 30 m/s.
Due to the flat type, the river is mostly navigable and is actively used by companies to transport resources. The river is of particular value for fishing enthusiasts, because large masses of fish live here, such species as: beluga, sturgeon, stellate sturgeon, herring, catfish, carp, bream, pike perch, etc.
It was one of the most famous rivers in the world - the Danube River, known for its length and the number of countries through which it passes, and it is also the most long river in the European Union.
) originates the Breg stream, which, connecting in one channel with another stream, Brigah, and takes the name Danube. The source of the Breg lies 7 km to the north-north-west of Furtwangen, at an altitude of 1000 meters above the sea surface, between the mountains of Rossek and Brigbrine, and the Brigach begins almost 9 kilometers to the east, 4 kilometers to the south-west of St. George, flows through Billingen, which lies only 5 km from the sources of the Neckar, and under the city of Donaueschingen, taking in a stream flowing from the castle garden of this city and previously considered the source of the Danube, joins in one channel with the Breg stream. The area where these three streams merge is a swampy plain. From here the river takes the name Danube and flows first to the SE, keeping the direction of Brega, but soon changes it to the SE, which it keeps to the city of Regensourg, where it again turns to the SE and flows in this direction to the city of Passau. This city is generally considered final destination Upper Danube; from here to the Iron Gates goes the Middle Danube, and from the Iron Gates to the mouth of the Lower Danube.
IN upstream The Danube goes first southern foot Swabian Jura to Donauwert, from here to Regensburg - at the foot of the Frankish Jura. Flowing through this mountainous area, the Danube is very fast with a large slope, especially near Ulm, at an altitude of 469 meters. To Ulm, covered mountains go along the right bank, although in some places there are also marshy small ones, and from Ulm, under which the Danube, having taken in its first tributary Iller, becomes navigable (with a width of 78 meters), its right bank becomes completely flat, the left remains mountainous and rocky.
The Middle Danube near Passau receives the Inn tributary, which almost doubles it, and, leaving the elevated plains of Bavaria, enters the valley, and its right bank lies in. Already beyond Passau, a gorge begins, stretching for about 120 kilometers to Krems and formed on the one hand by the southern spurs of the Bohemian Forest, Greinerwald and Mangartswald, and on the other by the northern spurs of the Alps (Sauvald). Here the Danube bed is littered with stones and cluttered up, forming the famous Strudel rapids. The water is divided into frantic streams around the island, on which the ancient Werfenstein castle stands in ruins, and rapidly rushes in the general channel, narrowing here to only 146 meters. In the past, a mass of water hit the large detached Gausstein rock and formed a terrible whirlpool, but in 1854 the rock was blown up and the path through the rapids ceased to be difficult. Not far from here, the Danube emerges from the mountain gorges, overflows with a wide tablecloth and is divided into many branches, between which are low-lying islands, the so-called "Auen", covered with dense grass and overgrown with willows, aspens and poplars. The bed of the river forks in the form of many bends, some of which are convenient for navigation, others are cluttered with sandy shoals and gradually turn into swamps. Cramped once again by parts interrupted by him Vienna Woods, the Danube enters the Lower Austrian Plain, representing the bottom ancient lake through which it once flowed. Here, along a recently corrected channel, it flows near the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. South part this half has long been densely populated; factory and factory industry is in full swing everywhere, but the country north coast rivers, towards Moravia, Marchfeld, only in relatively recent times was covered with cornfields: in the Middle Ages, the German emperors deliberately left these places uninhabited and uncultivated in order to be able to defend their borders without great difficulty from the invasion of wild hordes. From here, at the confluence of the Morava River, the Danube leaves the Austrian-German and enters the borders of Hungary, where it is replaced by the last spurs of the Alps and the foothills of the Lesser. Passing under Devin (130 m above sea level) and Pressburg "Hungarian Gate", the Danube enters the Hungarian plain and spreads widely in its sloping banks. Here he takes on the character of a real big river with changeable, indefinite banks, except in those places where the mountains approaching the very water make the river narrow again for a while. The Danube washes away the banks here, forcing large masses of earth to collapse, which are then deposited in the channel or near the other bank in the form of numerous shallows, sandy arrows and spits, and even entire islands and islets. All this is overgrown with reeds, shrubs and trees. The banks of the river are densely populated. Of the many islands, two stand out below Pressburg. big islands: Large and Small Shutty. The first of them (87 kilometers long and about 25 kilometers wide) is called Tsalokez among its inhabitants, and near Zhitny Ostrov and has about 200 villages and villages. Small Schutt - about 48 kilometers long. Divided into three channels, the Danube again unites into one channel under the city of Komorn and flows eastward to the city of Gran, again breaking through the “Visegrad Passage” between the protrusions of the Bakonsky Forest protruding to the south and the foothills of the Novograd Carpathians from the north Under the mountains. Weizen D. turns rather sharply to the south and, having passed the Hungarian capital, where its height above sea level is 110 meters, enters the large Hungarian plain-lowland (Alfeld). This area has a character: a huge low-lying plain, in which no significant elevations can be seen in a large area, strikes the observer with its uniformity both in the nature of the area, and in the vegetable kingdom, and in the animal kingdom, even the person here is the same in almost the entire space. most. In Alfeld, the Danube overflows widely and slowly flows between two sloping banks, in places forming real swamps and swamps; otherwise, in a wide channel, islands rise from the applied river waters lands or next to the main channel are numerous branches separated from it, which subsequently merge again with the main river. The most significant of the islands on the Danube in this place is St. Andrew (between Weizen, Buda), then Csepel, Shar and Margita near Mogach. Near Buda, the depth is 8-12 meters, the width of the Danube here is about 1000 meters, and between Benek and Feldvar 570-1260 meters. Below the confluence of the Drava near Vukovar, the Danube is pushed back to the ESE by the Sirmian Hills (Fruska Gora, see) and flows to Petervardein (82 m) and Slankamen. Here it receives the largest of its tributaries, the second artery of the Alfeld, r. Tissu, and flows in the direction of the city of Zemlin, under which its width reaches 1560 m, depth up to 14 m; from here it goes to Belgrade and receives its main right tributary, the Sava; from this point it forms the border between and up to Orshova, or Rshava. Near the town of Baziash, the mountains squeezed the river into a gorge for about 130 km to the town of Kladova. This gorge is called Klissura, or the Iron Gates. In this gorge, the height of the Danube above sea level changes from 37.3 to 11 m; with such a strong slope, the river acquires an extraordinary swiftness of flow and is compressed on both sides to an incredible degree (from 1900 meters its width in the Iron Gates reaches 100 meters, and in one place even up to 60 meters); its depth here from 20 meters reaches 50 m and even 75 meters, and the fall of the water, equaling 4 stm near Baziash. at 1 km, here in the Iron Gates it reaches 540 m; to these difficulties for navigation is added the fact that the bottom of the river in many places is dotted with underwater rocks and stones.
The Lower Danube begins at the exit of the river from the Iron Gates. Here it again enters a more even terrain, flows with many bends, first to the south, and then, gradually turning to the east in an unbent semicircle, past the cities. Vidin, Nikopol, Sistov, Ruschuk, Salistria with a width of 700-1000 meters. and with a slight fall, it passes along the edge of the Great Wallachian Plain among a wide swampy lowland, cut by numerous branches, with huge puddles of stagnant water. At Chernavoda, separated from the sea by only 50 km, the Danube, having met the flat elevation of Dobruja, suddenly changes its east. direction and, bypassing it, turns through Girshova and Brailov to the S. In this space, it is divided into a whole labyrinth of branches. Only after the confluence of the Seret, the Danube again takes its main eastbound and takes the Prut from the left side. At a distance of about 7 km above Tulci, the Danube forms its own delta. This is a huge (about 2558 square kilometers) swampy plain, overgrown with high reeds (up to 3 meters high), in which herds of buffaloes and flocks of various water birds find shelter and wolves roam. The extreme branches of this delta lie one from the other at a distance of 89 km. Of these, the left (northern), divided into several parts and overflowing like a lake, passing through Izmail, flows into the Kiliya vent, passing 101 km and bringing with it 63% of all Danube water into the sea. The right sleeve beyond Tulcea is divided into Sulinsky (middle) and St. George (southern). The Sulina branch, after the second division, runs for another 90 km, keeping almost straight to B, and flows into, bringing it only 7.4% of the Danube water. It is the most navigable of the branches of the Danube; its depth reaches 16 meters, on the shallows it is about 5 meters, and before flowing into the sea there is also a significant shallow. This depth was achieved thanks to the extensive hydraulic engineering work carried out after the war. The branch of St. George stretches after the second division for a space of 110 kilometers, has a depth of 6 to 11 meters and before flowing into the sea - a large shallow covered with water only one and a half meters.
Danube food method: the main role in feeding the river is played by water from the melting of mountain snows; great importance have water from plentiful and water.
Danube tributaries: Iller (right), Lech (right), Isar (right), Inn (right), Ens (right), Morava (left), Slave (right), Vag (left), Gron (left), Ipel (left), Drava (right), Tisa (left), Sava (right), Morava (right), Iskar (right), Siret (left), Prut (left).
Inhabitants of the Danube: sturgeon (beluga, sturgeon, stellate sturgeon) and herring (herring, shad), catfish, carp, asp, bream, silver bream, fish, pikeperch, sterlet, roach, rudd, tench, crucian carp, perch, podust, gudgeon, bleak, ide, barbel, sabrefish, pike, burbot and some others.
Freezing of the Danube: The high water passes in the warm part of the year; it starts at the end of February and continues until August. The most shallow Danube in September and October. observed not annually (in January-February).
The Danube is the largest Western European river with well-established navigation. Barges and bulk carriers travel along the river during the entire navigation, and motor ships travel companies tours along the Danube during the summer months, from May to September. The river is very picturesque, a gift for lovers of leisurely cruises and travelers who try to visit in one go maximum amount countries. The Danube is quite suitable for such a purpose; ten European countries are located on its way.
The states through which the Danube flows begin in Germany, where the source is located. The mountains of the German Black Forest give rise to great river. The birth of the Danube is shrouded in mystery. After walking about thirty kilometers, the river suddenly disappears. All the water, to the last drop, goes underground, boils there and rushes about to break out after 12 kilometers in the form of a powerful source, which was given the name Aakhsky key. In 1876, this key was tested, it turned out that it is fed entirely and completely by water from the source of the Danube.
But the most interesting thing is that the Aah Key gives all the water to the Radolfzeller Aah River, which takes it to Lake Boden, and one of the largest water arteries in Germany originates from this lake. However, available water resource enough for the Danube itself. After turning at the German Regensburg, the river gains strength, gradually becomes full-flowing and already slowly flows further. After passing through Austria and the Vienna depression, the Danube River flows for some time along the border of Slovakia with Hungary. Rather it becomes natural boundary between the two countries over a fairly long period. Then, in the Budapest area, it turns sharply to the south.
Now the path of the wonderful European river lies to the south, along the way the Danube divides the Hungarian capital - Budapest - into two cities, Buda and Pest. I must say that Buda and Pest, together with the Danube, form one of the most beautiful places on everything the globe. The Hungarian capital is also the world capital of medical and health baths. Many have made Budapest one of the first places in the industry therapeutic rest, and in this city the Blue Danube helped.
After the Danube crosses the southern border of Hungary, it again becomes a natural border between two countries, this time Serbia and Croatia. However, soon the Danube turns sharply to the left, leaves the border and meets the beautiful ancient city Belgrade. In the same place, the Danube receives one of its main tributaries, having replenished its strength, it flows further towards Romania. And again, for the umpteenth time, the Danube River becomes a natural border between the two countries. Along the entire length of contact between Romanian territory and Bulgaria, the border runs along the bed of the Danube.
And just a little before reaching the shores of the Black Sea, the Danube turns north to touch the most extreme southern point Moldova and a little walk on Ukrainian soil. It is divided into several branches, forming a classic triangle of the river delta, passes the last few kilometers and calmly pours its waters, tired from a long journey, into the hospitable Black Sea.
