What is the safest mode of transport: plane, bus or train? The safest mode of transport is by plane. Flight safety. Causes of plane crashes

Probably, many have heard that traveling by air is much safer than any land or water way. And this is true, so you should not be afraid of flights. However, it is important to remember the following: There is no completely safe mode of transport! Each category has its own data on emergency situations and, alas, passenger mortality. However, statistics over the years have argued that hundreds of times die in air crashes. less people than, for example, as a result of an accident. Even cyclists (again, according to statistics) have more accidents than airline passengers. Interestingly, about 80% of people are afraid to fly, completely refuse to fly because of their fear 5%, preferring "safer" ground and water sports transport. Let's see which is safer: a plane or a train?

According to data collected over the past 5 years, the aircraft is recognized as the safest mode of transport. Trains and boats are a little behind.

Let's think about why the plane is the most without dangerous view transport. There are an unimaginable number of aircraft in the world. In 2013, it was found that every 3 seconds somewhere on globe one airliner lands.

Let's imagine that with this many planes, the chance of being in a plane crash was only 0.01%, then every day there would be at least 13 crashes. The real probability of a passenger becoming a victim of a plane crash is 1 to 8,000,000. Even if you fly daily, it would take 21,000 years to die in a plane crash. By comparison, the chance of being seriously injured just by walking is significantly higher: 1 in 1,749.

Rail transport is not far behind air transport in terms of safety. Most people die as a result of road accidents.

Keep silent about the collapse of even a small passenger aircraft impossible, so with the help of radio, TV and the Internet, the world learns about the real number of incidents. Another thing is that any plane crash is an extremely large-scale incident, so the news about the crashes is shocking in terms of the number of victims, as well as the footage of eyewitnesses and film crews.

A train derailment is no less a major event than an airplane crash. It is noteworthy that railway transport ranks second in terms of safety, since in the event of an accident, the passenger at least partially has the opportunity to take part in his own rescue. However, for example, since the beginning of 2016, 6 large-scale accidents have already been recorded in the world, and in 2015 - at least 24. safer than a train? very difficult, at least in view of the fact that different countries, as well as for different periods, statistics can vary greatly. However, one thing is 100% certain: most people in the world crash in cars.

Survival in air crashes

Many believe that if a person is on board an aircraft, wrecked, his chances of survival tend to zero. However, the statistics are more optimistic. In the United States, curious calculations were made, which took into account the statistics of 568 disasters that occurred between 1983 and 2001. The dead turned out to be only 5% of the total number of passengers on board. The chances of survival are significantly increased (by as much as 50%) if the aircraft makes an emergency splashdown. Therefore, routes passing through water areas are theoretically the safest.

Thanks to modern transport, we can move freely on long distance. But what is the safest transport? Ironically, the safest mode of transport is the plane. After the plane, the safety of the passenger can be ensured by the train, and only then by the car. That's what the statistics say. More detailed information you can find out more about it below.

Airplanes first.

Air transport is the safest!

Thousands of flights are made every hour in the world. According to statistics, there is only 1 death per 1 million air passengers.

But if you think about it, there are 2-3 major air crashes a year, and somewhere around a dozen small ones, while you can estimate the approximate number of victims, this is somewhere around 1-2 thousand people a year. Now think about how many car accidents happen every day, in which people die? What about a month or a year? Only in a month about 2 thousand people die as a result of car accidents.

Despite a large number of victims in a plane crash, and after that there is very little chance of surviving, the number of victims is ten times less than in tragedies with other modes of transport.

The second safest mode of transport is the train. Statistics say that there are 18 deaths per 1 million passengers.

Many might argue that rail crashes are no more common than plane crashes, in which fewer people die. However, the number of flights, passengers on them and the distance traveled are many times greater than those of other modes of transport.

Auto - unsafe

One of the most unsafe species transport are cars. Judging by the numbers, there are 62 deaths per 1 million passengers.

Now let's look at the mortality statistics. If above we took into account the number of deaths per total number of passengers, now let's look at the data on the mileage covered:

• Air communication - 0.05 people;


• Railway communication - 0.9 people;


• Vehicles - 3.1 people.

Choosing what to get from point A to point B, we take into account 2 factors - speed and safety. long trips narrow down the choice vehicle. Today we will discuss the degree of danger of popular modes of transport.

Public opinion

"What is the most safe transport? - this was the question asked by VTsIOM sociologists. Monitoring was carried out for 3 years. Throughout the time, the opinion of Russians has not changed much. Considered safe:

• Metro - 69%;
• bus and tram - 68%;
• trains - 51%;
• cars -48%;
• trolley bus - 40%;
• ferries - 38%.

It is interesting to see how the attitude of people towards air travel has changed. In 2011, only 22% of respondents named the aircraft as the safest mode of transport. The following year, the number increased to 33%, and in 2013 it fell to 16%.

Director of the center V. Fedorov notes that information affects the indicators. Major plane crashes 2013 caused a drop in citizens' confidence in aircraft.

Statistics

Official data differ from the position of ordinary Russians. First, let's find out how the death rate is determined for different vehicles.

There are several methods. The most accurate and common is the calculation of the number of deaths per 100 million km or 160 million miles.

Each transport group has the safest types of cars, motorcycles, etc. But the average option "as a whole" is taken. American Bureau of Statistics DERT in 2000. calculated the crude death rate as follows:

• Aircraft - 0.5;
• buses - 0.4;
• trains - 0.6;
• minibuses - 1.2;
• water transport - 2.6;
• cars - 3.1;
• bicycles - 44.6;
• on foot - 54.2;
• motorcycle - 108.9.

Based on the coefficient of flights - 0.5, a person needs to fly 200 million km in order for him (according to statistics!) to have an accident. According to statistics, the safest mode of transport is the plane. It is followed by rail and water transport. In order not to be unfounded, I will take the latest reports as a basis.

Tracking aviation accidents has been run by the aviation-safety.net website since 1996. From June 1 to November 1, 2017 in the world crashed or committed emergency landing 117 aircraft, 279 people died.

For the first five months current year in Russia alone, 5,770 people died as a result of road accidents and another 71,461 were injured. Even the most safe cars unable to reduce this number.

According to regnum.ru, for 5 months the trains had the least results: 41 people were killed, 172 were injured.

Planes take to the air every 3 seconds. Therefore, the figures are quite comparable and give a general idea of ​​the number of victims over the same period of time. Yearly from the wreck air transport about 1000 people die railway- up to two thousand.

Aviation

by the most safe means you can’t call a car a movement. In addition, the opinion that it is impossible to survive in a plane crash is also erroneous. If we refer to the resource table for registering incidents, we can see that in most cases there were no casualties. 500 accidents in the United States over 20 years accounted for 5% of deaths.

If we take from the sum only major crashes, then the mortality rate will be about 50%.

In 2007, Popular Mechanics magazine named the safest seats on an airplane. Journalists analyzed the data National Council US security for 30 years. They drew attention to the dependence of the number of victims on the place.

Nearly 70% of the survivors remain in the section beyond the edge of the aircraft's wing. Survive 56% of those sitting above the wing. The main impact in a collision with the ground falls on the nose of the liner, so the tail is relatively safe.

There are also statistics safe aircraft. Here are the top five:

• Airbus A340 - 341 aircraft of this type have been produced in 24 years. During 13.5 million flight hours, 5 accidents were recorded and no one was injured;
• Airbus A330 - 577 copies. 1 accident per 14 million flight hours. Total lost 8 pieces, 346 deaths;
• Boeing 747 - 1 accident in 17.5 million departures. 941 ships are in operation, 51 are lost as a result of accidents, 3732 people died.
• Boeing 737 NG - since 1997 3 tragedies occurred (1/17 million hours).

Interesting fact: Boeing 747 is officially certified to fly without 1 engine (out of 4). Those. in case of failure, he can safely continue the flight to the destination, without emergency landings.

The Boeing 777 is considered the safest aircraft in the world. The total flight time of 748 copies since 1995 has amounted to more than 20 million hours. 3 people died in two incidents. In the entire history, one ship has been lost. It is important to understand that the rating is compiled without taking into account hostilities and terrorist attacks..

Motor transport

Oddly enough, the car familiar to us is one of the most dangerous means movement, yielding perhaps to motorcycles. Let's think about your safety in the car. The testauto.ru resource publishes the data of the largest companies conducting crash tests. Based on this rating, we will determine the safest cars.

In the column overall score, “excellent” is given to Volkswagen Passat, Volvo XC-90, Toyota RAV-4, Toyota Prius, Mercedess E-class and C-class, Lexus GS, Jeep Grand Cherokee.

Such popular brands as BMV 3 series, Dodge Caliber, Honda Accord VI, Honda Civic Hathback V, Honda CR-V, Volvo S-70 and S-80 and a number of other cars passed the “good” test.

The main criteria for scoring are frontal and side impacts, coups, child safety. You can familiarize yourself with other assessments in detail on the indicated site, but we have listed all the excellent students. The source calls the Volvo XC90 the safest car in the world with reference to EuroNCAP specialists. The device dialed maximum amount stars.

Interestingly, in the evaluation system of some crash tests there is an indicator "pedestrians". Unfortunately, if you look at the table, it becomes clear that these road users are practically not protected by anything. Be careful on the roads!

Safe seats in the cabin

Automobile

Do you know what is the safest place in a car? Most people are convinced it's behind the driver's seat. If the vehicle is hit in the side, then the chances of salvation will be equal for the driver and the passenger sitting behind.

The center of the vehicle is least susceptible to damage in an accident. That's why the middle between the two rear seats is considered the most safe place in car.

Public transport

Least dangerous to borrow central places public transport. The logic is similar: the highest probability of collision with cars moving on the left. Accordingly, passengers sitting by the window will be under attack.

It is also not recommended to sit on the back four rows. On the first seats, it is better to sit behind the driver's seat, especially if the seats are located with their backs in the direction of travel. The middle of the cabin remains the safest place on the bus.

Other payment options

This article considers one option for calculating safety, in terms of passenger-kilometers. The question can be answered in terms of the number of deaths per billion hours. Then, the buses will come out in first place, and the planes will go down to third. If we take a billion trips as a basis, trains will become the leader, air travel will move to seventh place.

All methods have advantages and disadvantages. Extras use different algorithms. It is enough for us to know that it is safer to travel by land for short distances, and by air for long distances. Well, the safest transport is a spaceship. He is unbeatable in any case. In the entire history of space exploration, 18 people have died.

We introduced you to the transport safety calculation systems, introduced you to the course of sociological surveys. Now, the word is yours. What is your preferred means of transportation? We are waiting for your comments!

Vehicles allow us to move around the world quickly and comfortably, but at what cost? Millions of people die every year in transport.

10. Moped and motorcycle

Mopeds and motorcycles rightfully occupy the tenth position in our ranking of the safest modes of transport. For many years in a row, such transport has been considered the most dangerous. Of the total traffic, motorcycles make up only 1%, while on the roads 20% of deaths occur precisely in this species transport.

In order to survive, you should remember that you can not develop a dashing speed of more than 70 km / h. Desperate bravado is not only inappropriate, it can also cost the life of the driver. And if he took a passenger with him .. According to statistics, 125 deaths occur for every 1.5 billion km .. The death rate of drivers of ordinary cars is 28 times less than the death rate of motorcycle drivers. These are the modern facts.

From year to year, the bicycle is considered one of the most dangerous types of transport, according to official statistics. This year is no exception, unfortunately. The most common accidents involving bicycles occur when they collide with cars.

The number of such accidents on the roads is constantly growing. Therefore, cyclists should be as careful as possible. Since teenagers are the most likely to die in such crashes, all parents should consider this moment. At 1.5 billion km. According to statistics, 35 deaths are accounted for.

8. Subway

This type of transport in case of accidents ruins the lives of many people at once. And emergencies in the subway are especially dangerous for citizens. If we talk about Russia, most often the victims are passengers of the Moscow metro.

7. Sea transport

Ferries are not as safe as water transport enthusiasts would like. According to the statistics of the current year, by 1.5 billion km. accounts for 20 deaths. In particular, it should be noted that not every death occurs as a result of a crash.

Passengers have been known to fall overboard. Water transport also unsafe!

6. Spaceship

Only 18 spacecraft that have been sent into boundless space since the very first flight in 1961 have failed to return. And this is despite the impressive amount of transport of this type sent into space.

There were 530 ships in total. It should be borne in mind that people did not die in space itself. Tragedies happened during takeoff or at the time of landing. According to statistics, 1.5 billion km. accounts for 7 human deaths.

5. Minibus

Unfortunately, it is not uncommon for people to die while traveling on this type of transport, often due to the low qualification of drivers.

4. Car

Previously, cars were considered an incredibly dangerous type of transport. So how, in statistics, one of the most safe types transport turned out to be a car? Everything is very simple.

Cars have been significantly improved in last years. Thus, the number of accidents has been significantly reduced. New statistics show that 1.5 billion km. There are four deaths in the share of cars. However, this does not mean that you can safely forget about safety measures or become fans of crazy driving.

3. Bus

For 1 billion km. accounts for 0.5 deaths according to official statistics. This applies to ordinary buses. Therefore, in the ranking of the safest modes of transport, it was buses that took the honorable 3rd place.

In Europe, this type of public transport is among the safest. In Egypt, things are worse, as in the Russian Federation. But still, in the third position of the ranking, buses are deservedly.

However, do not forget about the terrible incidents associated with this type of transport. It is worth at least remembering how a bus was rammed by a truck in the capital. And this is not an isolated case!

2. Plane

But, according to statistics, the plane cannot be attributed to the safest modes of transport. However, 0.5 deaths occur per 1.5 billion km, if we also take into account small aircraft with helicopters. Commercial ships will always trump ordinary light aircraft in danger.

However, we should not forget that the worst thing, in the case of air crashes, is the fact that almost none of the huge number of passengers manage to escape. And even the crew of an aircraft in air crashes is often no more lucky. It is known that such incidents can never be an accident.

When a plane crash occurs, a combination of certain factors is to blame. However, airplanes are always considered one of the safest types of transport. And statistics every year confirm this. But the most surprising thing is that often people are much more afraid of flying on airplanes than riding motorcycles.

Trains, according to statistics, are considered the safest transport in the world and were in the first place of our list. This is especially true for American and European trains, with only 0.2 deaths per 1.5 billion km. for the trains.

If we take only Russian Federation, in railway transport, the mortality rate is 0.7 per 1.5 billion km, which is also not very high.