What is more dangerous plane or car. Airplanes are an incredibly safe form of transportation. The safest planes

Are you afraid to fly, preferring a car or a train? Absolutely in vain. Today we will determine the most safe view transport on the basis of dry statistics, which, as it turned out, has little to do with our fears.

It was not in vain that we started with fear, because it is they who clearly show the extent to which our emotions and speculation can prevail over facts and common sense. It is no coincidence that absolutely all sociological surveys give approximately the same result. The most without dangerous view people consider the train to be the transport, the second place is the car, and the most dangerous, of course, is the plane. But it gives slightly different results.

In the world, there are several methods for calculating mortality in different types transport. The most accurate and common is the ratio of the dead per segment of the distance travelled. The starting point is considered to be 100 million miles (160 million kilometers).

True, based on these statistics, the safest mode of transport is space transport. Indeed, in its entire history, only three accidents have happened, and colossal distances have been covered. However, space tourism is a prospect, albeit not far away, but the future, so we will consider more common means of transportation.

Especially for you: airplane is the safest mode of transport The statistics confirm this 100%. 0.6 people die per 100 million miles. If we take 2014 as an example, there were 21 plane crashes all over the world. Of these, 10 are cargo ships, 11 are passenger ships. A total of 990 people died. This is less than the number of dead cyclists, and even less than the number of people who died in a year from the “hands” of donkeys.

In total, about 33 million flights were made during the year. On average, there is one accident per 1 million flights. It should be noted that most of them are in small private aircraft.

Probability of dying in an accident passenger flight extremely small, 1/8,000,000. Even flying every day, it will take 21 millennia to get on that ill-fated flight that will crash.

The myth that there is no chance of survival in a plane crash also has little to do with reality. Aircrafts designed by people who know firsthand about aerodynamics and gravity. Therefore, in order to hit the ground on a grand scale from a height of 10,000 km, you need to try hard.

Let's go back to the statistics. Over the past 20-odd years, there have been about 500 aircraft accidents in the United States. The death toll in them was only 5% of the passengers on board at the time of the accident. Even if we ignore minor incidents and analyze only serious disasters with impacts on the ground, a fracture of the aircraft hull and fires, then the number of survivors in them is approximately 50%.

Railway transport

According to statistics, this is the safest type land transport. The death rate due to train accidents is 0.9 passengers per 160 million km. Sounds incredible, given the speed at which ultra-modern trains travel. However, you can't argue with the numbers. At the same time, to a large extent, global statistics are spoiled by such countries as, where the concept of safety has a very specific meaning.

Automobile transport

For every 160 million kilometers travelled, 1.6 people die in road accidents. According to these statistics, the car can be safely attributed to the most dangerous form of transport. Every year, about 1.2 million people die on the world's roads, which is a thousand times more than in plane crashes. Thus you have more chances get into an accident on the way to the airport than die on the plane itself.

Moreover, these figures apply only to four-wheeled vehicles. If we talk about motorcycles and mopeds, then there are many times more deaths: 42 people per 160 million km.

Crash landings: video showing that even the most difficult situations there is a way out.

An upcoming trip to another city or a trip to the sea makes people think about which mode of transport to prefer. And here, some will choose the train, believing that it is safer, while others will fly by plane, spending less time moving. And what kind of transport is actually considered the safest?

Public opinion

Sociological surveys conducted over the past few years, as a rule, show the same results. Of all modes of transport, passengers consider the train to be the safest.

Airplanes are among the most dangerous. Opinions about traveling by car were divided approximately equally. With regard to maritime transport, the public tends to rank it as more of a safe mode of travel. But this is only the opinion of passengers who are unlikely to study the statistics on accidents, disasters and deaths associated with them.

What do the statistics say?

If people put airplanes in the first place as the most dangerous way to travel, then the statistics say quite the opposite. The statistics are compiled in such a way that mortality is taken as the basis (number of dead people) per 160,000,000 km of distance traveled. So during flights, this parameter is only 0.6-0.7 people. Rail transport is ranked second in terms of safety - the death rate per 160,000,000 km of track is 0.9 people. The number of deaths in road traffic accidents is 1.6 people. Therefore, we can conclude that the plane is the safest mode of transport, and road transport is recognized as the most dangerous.

If you still doubt that flying is less dangerous than driving a car, then here are some more facts. In 2014, there were several plane crashes in the world that claimed 884 human lives. And only in our country in the first six months of 2014, more than 10,000 people died in car accidents. So what kind of transport will be safer? The answer is still obvious. Therefore, before the trip, it is worth weighing all the pros and cons, giving preference to one or another type of transport. And to get rid of the fear of flying (if anyone has any), here are some air facts.

1) An aircraft lands every three seconds in the world.

2) Dies from donkeys more people than in plane crashes.

3) If the chance of a daily catastrophe is at least 0.01 percent, then at least 13 aircraft must fall per day.

4) A plane crash cannot be an accident - it is always a combination of some factors.

5) Before each flight, the aircraft undergoes a rigorous inspection and a complex technical condition check.

6) Over 80 percent of people on our planet are afraid to fly on planes, and 5 percent categorically refuse to do so, preferring trains or ships.

7) An airplane cannot fall from a height of 10,000 km, as many people fear. There is a lot of pressure under the wings of an airplane, so it floats in the air in the same way that a car does on pavement.

8) Russian pilots do not drink at the helm - this is an invention of those people who are very afraid of flying.

Reading these facts, perhaps, will help to reduce aerophobia. However, they are unlikely to be able to help those five percent of people who do not want to board an aircraft at all under any pretext.

Probably, many have heard that traveling by air is much safer than any land or water way. And this is true, so you should not be afraid of flights. However, it is important to remember the following: There is no completely safe mode of transport! Each category has its own data on emergency situations and, alas, passenger mortality. However, statistics over the years have argued that hundreds of times die in air crashes. less people than, for example, as a result of an accident. Even cyclists (again, according to statistics) have more accidents than airline passengers. Interestingly, about 80% of people are afraid to fly, completely refuse to fly because of their fear 5%, preferring "safer" ground and water sports transport. Let's see which is safer: a plane or a train?

According to data collected over the past 5 years, the aircraft is recognized as the safest mode of transport. Trains and boats are a little behind.

Let's think about why the plane is the safest mode of transport. There are an unimaginable number of aircraft in the world. In 2013, it was found that every 3 seconds somewhere on globe one airliner lands.

Let's imagine that with this many planes, the chance of being in a plane crash was only 0.01%, then every day there would be at least 13 crashes. The real probability of a passenger becoming a victim of a plane crash is 1 to 8,000,000. Even if you fly daily, it would take 21,000 years to die in a plane crash. By comparison, the chance of being seriously injured just by walking is significantly higher: 1 in 1,749.

Rail transport is not far behind air transport in terms of safety. Most people die as a result of road accidents.

Keep silent about the collapse of even a small passenger aircraft impossible, so with the help of radio, TV and the Internet, the world learns about the real number of incidents. Another thing is that any plane crash is an extremely large-scale incident, so the news about the crashes is shocking in terms of the number of victims, as well as the footage of eyewitnesses and film crews.

A train derailment is no less a major event than an airplane crash. It is noteworthy that railway transport ranks second in terms of safety, since in the event of an accident, the passenger at least partially has the opportunity to take part in his own rescue. However, for example, since the beginning of 2016, 6 large-scale accidents have already been recorded in the world, and in 2015 - at least 24. safer than a train? very difficult, at least in view of the fact that different countries, as well as for different periods, statistics can vary greatly. However, one thing is 100% certain: most people in the world crash in cars.

Survival in air crashes

Many believe that if a person is on board an aircraft, wrecked, his chances of survival tend to zero. However, the statistics are more optimistic. In the United States, curious calculations were made, which took into account the statistics of 568 disasters that occurred between 1983 and 2001. The dead turned out to be only 5% of the total number of passengers on board. The chances of survival are significantly increased (by as much as 50%) if the aircraft makes an emergency splashdown. Therefore, routes passing through water areas are theoretically the safest.

Vehicles allow us to move around the world quickly and comfortably, but at what cost? Millions of people die every year in transport.

10. Moped and motorcycle

Mopeds and motorcycles rightfully occupy the tenth position in our ranking of the safest modes of transport. For many years in a row, such transport has been considered the most dangerous. Of the total traffic, motorcycles make up only 1%, while on the roads 20% of deaths occur precisely in this species transport.

In order to survive, you should remember that you can not develop a dashing speed of more than 70 km / h. Desperate bravado is not only inappropriate, it can also cost the life of the driver. And if he took a passenger with him .. According to statistics, 125 deaths occur for every 1.5 billion km .. The death rate of drivers of ordinary cars is 28 times less than the death rate of motorcycle drivers. These are the modern facts.

From year to year, the bicycle is considered one of the most dangerous types of transport, according to official statistics. This year is no exception, unfortunately. The most common accidents involving bicycles occur when they collide with cars.

The number of such accidents on the roads is constantly growing. Therefore, cyclists should be as careful as possible. Since teenagers are the most likely to die in such crashes, all parents should consider this moment. At 1.5 billion km. According to statistics, 35 deaths are accounted for.

8. Subway

This type of transport in case of accidents ruins the lives of many people at once. And emergencies in the subway are especially dangerous for citizens. If we talk about Russia, most often the victims are passengers of the Moscow metro.

7. Sea transport

Ferries are not as safe as water transport enthusiasts would like. According to statistics current year, by 1.5 billion km. accounts for 20 deaths. In particular, it should be noted that not every death occurs as a result of a crash.

Passengers have been known to fall overboard. Water transport also unsafe!

6. Spaceship

Only 18 spacecraft that have been sent into boundless space since the very first flight in 1961 have failed to return. And this is despite the impressive amount of transport of this type sent into space.

There were 530 ships in total. It should be borne in mind that people did not die in space itself. Tragedies happened during takeoff or at the time of landing. According to statistics, 1.5 billion km. accounts for 7 human deaths.

5. Minibus

Unfortunately, it is not uncommon for people to die while traveling on this type of transport, often due to the low qualification of drivers.

4. Car

Previously, cars were considered an incredibly dangerous type of transport. So how, in statistics, one of the most safe types transport turned out to be a car? Everything is very simple.

Cars have been significantly improved in last years. Thus, the number of accidents has been significantly reduced. New statistics show that 1.5 billion km. There are four deaths in the share of cars. However, this does not mean that you can safely forget about safety measures or become fans of crazy driving.

3. Bus

For 1 billion km. accounts for 0.5 deaths according to official statistics. This applies to ordinary buses. Therefore, in the ranking of the safest modes of transport, it was buses that took the honorable 3rd place.

In Europe, this type public transport is among the safest. In Egypt, things are worse, as in the Russian Federation. But still, in the third position of the ranking, buses are deservedly.

However, do not forget about the terrible incidents associated with this type of transport. It is worth at least remembering how a bus was rammed by a truck in the capital. And this is not an isolated case!

2. Plane

But, according to statistics, the plane cannot be attributed to the safest modes of transport. However, 0.5 deaths occur per 1.5 billion km, if we also take into account small aircraft with helicopters. Commercial ships will always trump ordinary light aircraft in danger.

However, we should not forget that the worst thing, in the case of air crashes, is the fact that almost none of the huge number of passengers manage to escape. And even the crew of an aircraft in air crashes is often no more lucky. It is known that such incidents can never be an accident.

When a plane crash occurs, a combination of certain factors is to blame. However, airplanes are always considered one of the safest types of transport. And statistics every year confirm this. But the most surprising thing is that often people are much more afraid of flying on airplanes than riding motorcycles.

Trains, according to statistics, are considered the safest transport in the world and were in the first place of our list. This is especially true for American and European trains, with only 0.2 deaths per 1.5 billion km. for the trains.

If we take only Russian Federation, in railway transport, the mortality rate is 0.7 per 1.5 billion km, which is also not very high.

Airplanes are dangerous to fly, we think. Trains are even more dangerous according to statistics. To what extent do our ideas about safety correspond to disaster statistics?

The period of vacations and holidays puts us before the inevitable choice of the type of transport on which we will go towards the alluring heat of Goa, the snowy landscapes of the Austrian Alps or on a labor landing to our mother in Tver.

The choice is not easy, and even more so when it comes to transport, because many interests collide, which include price, speed, convenience and safety.

And safety among them, as found out All-Russian Center public opinion surveys, the most important criterion. To what extent our ideas about safety correspond to the statistics of catastrophes.

Russians believe in train safety

In 2013, the Russians traditionally recognized the train as the safest mode of transport according to VTsIOM. Despite the fact that trust in him over the past three years has fallen by more than 10% and currently stands at 46%. coupled with the electric train, for which another 41% of respondents voted, Russian Railways clearly enjoys confidence.

Aircraft also traditionally do not inspire confidence among our population. Only 16% of Russians believe in security air transportation, which is almost half that of last year. You can not take a car into account at all, it was not even included in the rating of safe modes of transport, since it is considered initially traumatic.

However, in the confrontation between modes of transport, not everything is so simple. For many years, statistics have been telling us that we are afraid to fly in vain, since the plane is the safest mode of transport. So why don't we trust the smart science of statistics. It turns out that there are reasons for this.

NOT a safe plane

In fact, the statistics data largely depend on the calculation method. The plane is indeed the safest mode of transport, but only at the rate of tragedies per kilometer. It is the data of this method that are published on almost all transport sites and airline sites.

The trick is that, according to all the same statistics, the majority of air crashes occur at the time of takeoff and landing; aircraft die extremely rarely during the journey. Therefore, this method is so loved by air carriers.

By the way, in terms of tragedies per kilometer, the most dangerous way to travel is a motorcycle and attention! walking. Pedestrians are killed not much less than motorcyclists.

But there are other calculation methods, and here the plane does not look so pretty. The UK Department for Transport for Local Government and Regions (DTLR) has published data obtained from the calculation of passenger deaths for the number of trips and speed of movement.

And it turned out that the train is still safer than the plane and takes the honorable first place in the ranking of the least dead passengers. Interestingly, in both cases, the most dangerous mode of transport remains a motorcycle.

Far from the best performance of the aircraft and total number dead. In the study of the design center, an aircraft manager (PhD Plotnikov I.I. “Method of assessing the danger of modes of transport”) for 10 years, the number of victims of air crashes is second only to car accidents, taking an honorable 2nd place. And in terms of the number of deaths per 1 million passengers carried, it is completely in the lead.

Thus, of the five research methods in four, the train is still the safest mode of transport. So the intuitive assumptions of our compatriots in fact do not contradict the statistics at all, no matter what the airlines claim.

The safest planes

But we still have to fly, because there are places where trains do not go, and the speed of movement still plays an important role.

Contrary to the pessimistic expectations of Russians and the gloomy posts of the Internet, our country is not the leader in the number of air crashes either this year or in previous years.

According to the portal statista.com, the United States has been leading the tragic list for many years, and I must say, by a wide margin. Between 1945 and October 2013, there were 763 air accidents in the United States. In Russia, only 304.

According to the Data Analysis Center for aviation accidents(JACDEC) most safe airline in the world in 2013 was the Finnish FINNAIR. In general, the list of the best looks like this:

1.Finnair (Finland)
2. Air New Zealand (New Zealand)
3. Cathay Pacific Airways (Hong Kong)
4. Emirates (UAE)
5. Etihad Airways(UAE)

6. Eva Air (Taiwan)
7. TAP (Portugal)
8. Hainan Airlines (China)
9. Virgin Australia (Australia)

10. british airways Great Britain
11. Lufthansa (Germany)
12.All Nippon Airways(Japan)

The list also includes two Russian airlines: Transaero in 16th place and Aeroflot in 39th place. We have more to strive for.

Why planes crash

In order to somehow reassure themselves before an air trip, many are interested in the depreciation of the fleet of a particular carrier. A trip on a young plane somehow calms in itself. However, it is absolutely not supported by statistics.

According to the blog "Flying Together", the picture of the depreciation of the Russian fleet for the period of October 2013 looks like this:

1. Aeroflot - 5.2 years
2. Taimyr (NordStar) - 9.2 years
3. Siberia - S7 (including the Globe) - 9.7 years
4. Russia - 10.3 years
5. Red Wings - 10.7 years

6. Muscovy - 11.1 years
7. Yakutia - 11.3 years
8. Ak Bars Aero - 11.3 years
9. Vladivostok Air - 11.9 years
10. Ural Airlines- 12.1 years

11. Donavia - 12.5 years
12. Tatarstan - 12.7 years (data including the plane crash in Kazan)
13. Severstal - 13.4 years
14. Orenburg Airlines - 13.8 years
15. Yamal - 13.8 years

16. North wind(Nord Wind) - 14.1 years
17. Kolavia (TUI) - 14.2 years
18. RusLine - 14.3 years
19. iFly - 14.9 years old
20. Transaero - 15.9 years

21. Flight - 16.6 years
22. Icarus - 17.1 years
23. Aurora - 17.7 years
24. UTair (including UTair-Express) - 19.7 years
25. Gazpromavia - 20.8 years

26. VIM-avia - 21.4 years
27. Nordavia - 21.9 years
28. Tulpar - 24.9 years
29. Grozny Avia - 25.9 years
30. Saratov Airlines- 26.3 years

31. Alrosa - 28.3 years
32. Izhavia - 29.4 years old
33. Angara - 29.4 years
34. Iraero - 31.3 years
35. Tomskavia - 37.8 years
36. Polar Airlines - 39.2 years

Forbes also confirms these data, marking Aeroflot as the company with the youngest fleet in Russia - less than 5 years old. I must say that Finnair, the leader in safe air transportation, has an average age of aircraft of about 9 years.

The Russian company Sibir (S7) has the same age of aircraft, but this company is known for its sad list of plane crashes.

This already suggests that planes rarely fall from old age. The statistics have no doubt about it. You can, of course, calm yourself down and get on a “younger” plane, but the chance that it will not crash is no greater than that of an “older” plane.

And all because planes crash most often due to pilot errors, that is, all because of the notorious human factor (where can you get away from it).

According to the agency AVIASAFETY.ru

- 68% of air crashes occur due to the fault of the human factor, of which 47% are pilot errors, 13% are the negligence of ground services and 8% are terrorist attacks.

- 18% - equipment failure. Moreover, both old and new equipment can fail.

- 14% - the reasons are not established.

Aerophobia

What to do when you still need to fly, but it's very scary? Psychologists give a lot of advice on this issue. Let's look at the most reasonable of them:

— If the fear of heights is behind the fear of flying, the fear of closed spaces, a tendency to panic attacks, the issue must be resolved not with aircraft, but with these disorders.

- But most often behind aerophobia hides a person's desire for complete control over the situation and the craving for a sense of absolute security. Needless to say, both are unattainable. Therefore, we must take it for granted that not everything in life depends on us, including the issue of life and death.

- As a given, we must also accept the fact that, with all our desire, we will not be able to influence whether the plane will fall or not. Therefore, it is not necessary to study aerobatics instructions or scrupulously study the details of all plane crashes. This will by no means relieve nervousness, but, on the contrary, will aggravate it.

- The cure for fear in the form of alcohol is also not the best option. The problem will not be solved, but new ones will easily be created.

The main thing to understand is that you need to deal with yourself, and not with the plane. From whether you tremble with fear or not, the possibility of a plane crash will not change, but you will spoil your nerves for sure.

The world's worst plane crash happened in 1977. Two Boeing 747s collided at Los Rodeos Airport in Tenerife. 574 people died. Due to errors by ground services and poor visibility, the two aircraft ended up on the same runway and moved towards each other until a tragic collision occurred.

- Another large-scale disaster also belongs to the Boeing 747. In August 1985, the airliner lost control and crashed into a mountain near Tokyo. 520 people died. The cause of the death of the aircraft was the destruction of the tail unit.

- In Russia, An-2 aircraft most often fall. But this is not due to the fact that the plane is bad, but to the fact that it is the most common in Russia.

— 2009 was the safest year for Russian airlines. Not a single person died on the scheduled planes.

— 2012 was the safest year for aviation in the world. In Russia, this year, unfortunately, was overshadowed by 4 air crashes.

- After the collapse of the USSR, Aeroflot had two plane crashes. In 1994 he suffered Airbus crash A310.

The pilot put his 15-year-old son at the helm. The teenager managed to turn off the autopilot, the plane went into a tailspin and crashed. 75 people died.

In 2008, a Boeing 737 crashed near Perm due to pilot errors, in whose blood alcohol was found. 87 people died.

— most mysterious plane crash considered the death of the liner with the poetic name "Speed ​​Romance of the Sky" in November 1957 of Pan Am.

Just starting trip around the world, the plane crashed into Pacific Ocean. 44 people died. The reasons are still unknown. The plane did not send distress calls, and the toxicological examination of the bodies showed a high content of carbon monoxide.

Kenneth Roberts, an American, was the first survivor of a plane crash. A plane carrying American soldiers crashed on June 14, 1943 in Australia. Roberts survived, but forever forgot everything about the accident itself and lost the ability to speak.

Photo: depositphotos.com