Characteristics of Great Britain by geography. Features of the geographical location and territory of Great Britain
England is not an independent state. It is a large administrative and political part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Most big cities England: Sheffield, Birmingham, Manchester and Liverpool. It also includes the capital of Great Britain, London.
Geographic characteristics
England is located on the island of Great Britain and occupies 2/3 of its territory. Its area is 130,395 square kilometers. The neighbors of the administrative part of the country are Scotland and Wales.
The total population of England is 53 million people. This is 84% of all UK residents. Of everything ethnic composition England 76% are native English.
Nature
Rivers and lakes
most big river England is considered the river Severin. The length of its channel in the territory of the administrative part of Great Britain is 350 km. The source of the river is located in Wales. There are several beautiful waterfalls which are tourist attractions.
In the northern part of England flows the River Tees, which flows into the North Sea. It shares the historical counties of England Yorkshire and Zarine. Another longest river in England is the Ex. She has several major tributaries and flows into the English Channel. At one time, the river was of great economic importance.
The lakes of England are particularly picturesque. Ullswater is formed by the movement of a glacier. Lake Windermere is one of the largest. On its territory of 15 square kilometers there are several groups of islands ...
The seas around England
The shores of England are washed by the waters Atlantic Ocean and the seas belonging to its basin, namely, the Irish and North Seas. The distance from England to mainland Europe is 34 km. It is separated from France by a pair of straits: the Pas de Calais and the English Channel.
This situation provides direct access to any world routes and has a direct impact on the country's economy. In the coastal regions of England, passenger and cargo ports are equipped ...
Plants and animals of England
The flora of England is represented mainly by shrubs: wild rose, hawthorn, honeysuckle, heather and many others. Among herbs, clover, foxglove, buttercup, geranium are common. Cereals grow in England, and in wetlands you can find ferns, reeds, sedges and more.
As a result of human activity, many animals on the territory of modern England have become extinct. In the present, you can meet squirrels, rabbits, hares, etc.
The population of waterfowl, due to the drainage of wetlands, is declining, and in the northern English counties you can meet pheasants and partridges...
Climate of England
Proximity has a significant impact on the climate of England. warm waters Gulf Stream. It is softened by sea winds blowing from the western and south-western sides. In the southern part, due to this influence, there is a slight fluctuation in summer and winter temperatures, and on the west coast of England there is a greater amount of precipitation than in the eastern part. One more interesting feature England is the saturation of air currents with moisture.
In general, the weather is characterized by high variability. Cold and warm fronts quickly replace each other. During one day, there can be torrential cold rain and hot, sunny weather...
Resources
UK industry and agriculture
The main industrial branch of England is the extraction and subsequent export of coal. Also on the territory of the administrative part of the UK, mineral deposits are being developed that serve as building materials: sandstone, limestone, etc.
A significant part of England's income comes from the sports industry. Its indicators exceed the income of the sphere of jurisprudence, communication services, advertising and marketing, and other things.
Approximately 40% of the territory of England is occupied by fields with grain crops. Another quarter of the land is high-quality pastures, which contributes to the breeding of animals that supply the region with milk and meat.
The main part of the electricity in England is produced by thermal power plants ...
culture
Peoples of Great Britain
Most of the population of England is parishioners Anglican Church. The British are often conservative, but carefully honor their traditions. Despite the fact that the majority of the population of England communicates in their native English language, there are many dialects and, at times, there are difficulties in communication between people within the region ...
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
The UK is located in the northwest of Europe. It consists of the island of Great Britain, on which England, Scotland and Wales are located, and part of the island of Ireland, which is occupied by Northern Ireland. The Isle of Man and the Channel Islands are dominions of the United Kingdom, but are not part of it. Washed by the waters of the Atlantic Ocean in the west and north, North Sea in the east. In the south it is separated from the mainland by the English Channel.
The name of the country comes from the English Great Britain. Britain - by the ethnonym of the Briton tribe.
Capital
Square
Population
59648 thousand people
Administrative division
It consists of four historical regions (England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland), which are administratively divided into numerous counties.
England: 39 counties, 6 metropolitan counties and a special administrative unit - Greater London (administrative center- London).
Wales: 8 counties (administrative center - Cardiff).
Scotland: 12 regions and 186 islands (administrative center - Edinburgh).
Northern Ireland: 26 districts (administrative center - Belfast). The Isle of Man and the Channel Islands have a special status.
Form of government
A constitutional monarchy.
head of state
The monarch is the supreme bearer of executive power, the head of the judiciary, the supreme commander in chief.
Higher Legislature. Bicameral Parliament consisting of the House of Lords and the House of Commons. Elected for a term of 5 years.
Supreme executive body. Council of Ministers.
Big cities
Manchester, Birmingham, Leeds, Glasgow, Sheffield, Liverpool, Edinburgh, Belfast.
Official language
English, in Wales - English and Welsh.
Religion
47% - Anglicans, 16% - Catholics.
Ethnic composition
81.5% - English, 9.6% - Scots, 2.4% - Irish, 1.9% - Welsh.
Currency
Pound sterling = 100 pence.
Climate
Great Britain is called the country of fogs and rains. The climate of the country varies depending on the region. In England, the climate is mild and humid, due to the relative warmth of the seas surrounding it. The average annual temperature is about + 11 °C in the south and + 9 °C in the northeast. Scotland is the coldest region in the UK. In the mountains in the north there is snow from November to April-May. The climate of Wales and Northern Ireland is mild and humid. The average annual temperature in Northern Ireland is +10°C. The most abundant precipitation in Scotland, Northern Ireland, the mountains of England and Wales (1000-1500 mm per year). The least rainfall is in southeast England (600-750 mm per year).
Flora
The vegetation of England is rather poor, forests occupy less than 4% of the territory, most often there are oak, birch, pine. In Scotland, forests are more common, although moorland dominates the region. Mostly in the forests in the south and east grow oak and coniferous trees - spruce, pine and larch. In Wales, the forests are mostly deciduous - ash, oak. IN mountainous areas coniferous trees are widespread.
Fauna
Deer, fox, rabbit, hare, badger live in England. Among the birds - partridge, dove, raven. Reptiles, of which there are only 4 species in all the British Isles, are rare in England. The rivers are mostly inhabited by salmon and trout. For Scotland, the most characteristic deer, roe deer, hare, rabbit, marten, otter and wild cat. Of the birds, partridges and wild ducks predominate. There are also many salmon and trout in the rivers and lakes of Scotland. Cod, herring, haddock are caught in coastal waters. In Wales, the fauna is practically the same as in England, with the exception of the black polecat and pine marten, which are absent in England.
Rivers and lakes
The main rivers of England are the Thames, the Severn, the Tyne. The main rivers of Scotland are the Clyde, the Tay, the Force, the Tweed, the Dee and the Spey. Among the numerous lakes, the legendary Loch Ness, Loch Tay, Loch Catherine stand out. The main rivers of Wales are the Dee, Usk, Teifi. Most large lake- Bala. The main rivers of Northern Ireland are the Foyle, the Upper Ban and the Lower Ban. Loch Neagh is the largest lake in the British Isles.
Attractions
Megalithic complex Stonehenge, church in Bargon, castle of the XII century. in Inverness, Glasgow Cathedral, Edinburgh castle and church, Cardiff Castle, Shakespeare House Museum in Stratford, Oxford and Cambridge Universities, in London - British Museum, Tower Castle (the jewels of the royal crown are kept here), Westminster Abbey (the place of the coronation of British kings) with Poets' Corner, parliament building, tower Big Ben clock Buckingham Palace, Museum wax figures Madame Tussauds, Hyde Park with Speakers' Corner and much more. Nelson's Column rises in Trafalgar Square. An interesting "square mile of sin" - the Soho area.
Useful information for tourists
Shops are usually open from Monday to Friday from 9.00 to 17.30, although many of the department stores are open until 18.00, and on Wednesdays or Thursdays - until 19.00-20.00. Large stores can also receive customers on Sundays, but only during any six hours from 10.00 to 18.00. In smaller towns and villages, shops often close for half a day after lunch once a week, as well as for an hour-long lunch break.
Hotels in many cases have a special service charge, usually 10-12%. Where this fee is not included in the bill, the employees and maids serving you are usually given a tip of 10-15% of the bill.
Service is included in the bills of some restaurants. Where it is not taken into account, a tip of 10-15% of the bill is accepted.
Porters receive 50-75 pence per suitcase, taxi drivers - 10-15% of the fare.
One of the peculiarities of the UK that you may encounter is that until now in most hotels the water taps above the wash basin are not equipped with a faucet. The English do not wash themselves with running water, but draw a full washbasin of water, use it, then lower it.
On the day of departure, you must vacate the room before 12.00. If there is a lot of time left before the departure of the plane, things can be left in the hotel's storage room.
Very important in England good manners, the ability to stay at the table, so you must follow the basic rules of the ritual of eating. Never put your hands on the table, keep them on your knees. Cutlery is not removed from the plates, as knife stands are not used in England. Do not shift the cutlery from one hand to the other, the knife must always be in right hand, fork - in the left. Since different vegetables are served at the same time meat dishes, you should proceed as follows: you put vegetables on a small piece of meat with a knife; learn to keep them there with reverse side forks without piercing. If you dare to prick at least one pea on a fork, then you will be considered ill-mannered.
Don't kiss ladies' hands or say compliments in public like "What a dress you have on!" or “How delicious this cake is!” - they are regarded as a big indelicacy.
It is not allowed to have separate conversations at the table. Everyone should listen to whoever speaks in this moment and, in turn, speak loudly enough to be heard by those present.
Remember that the British have their own lifestyle, and they, like no other nation, sacredly honor traditions and customs.
Going to Great Britain - the country of fogs - we advise you not to forget that the British weather is unpredictable! Winters are usually quite mild, with temperatures rarely reaching below zero. From March to May, the days can be both sunny and windy, with rain. In June-August the temperature can reach +30°C or more, but during the day, as a rule, it stays somewhere between +20-25°C. It rains 180 days a year in London, and the wettest cities are Liverpool and Manchester.
Geographical position .
The country is located in the British Isles northwestern shores continental Europe, traditionally called Great Britain, and by the name of the historical part - England. Officially, it is called the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The country consists of 4 historical areas: England (occupies the central and eastern part islands of Great Britain); Wales (in the west of the same island); Northern Ireland (island of Ireland) and Scotland. The area of the United Kingdom - 244100 sq.m.
The natural features of Great Britain are in many ways similar to neighboring countries Western Europe. This is not surprising, since the British Isles, located within the shelf, separated from the mainland only in recent geological time. The island position of Great Britain, the proximity of the warm North Atlantic Current, strong dissection coastline, nevertheless, left a certain imprint on the nature of this country. This is reflected in the predominance of moderate temperatures, increased moisture, an extraordinary abundance surface water, distribution of deciduous forests and moorlands.
Political structure:
Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy. There is no constitution here, its legislation is based on centuries-old constitutional customs and precedents, that is, parliamentarians are watching how a similar case was once resolved. Formally, the country is ruled by a monarch, but in fact the highest legislative body is the Parliament, which includes the Queen, the House of Commons and the House of Lords.
Minerals:
In the course of the complex geological history of the islands, a variety of minerals were formed in their bowels. Almost all known minerals are found there, except for diamonds. In the north of England stretch the Pennines, composed of Carboniferous sedimentary rocks. Karst is widespread in their northern part. At the foot of the mountains, rich productive strata of coal lie shallow. On the basis of these deposits, large mining and industrial centers of the Lankshire, Yorkshire and other basins arose, the reserves of which amount to more than 4 billion tons. For most of England, the alternation of flat plains with rolling cuesta ridges is typical. The cuestas are usually composed of limestone or writing chalk, and the plains are composed of looser rocks: sands, marls, clays. The largest iron ore deposit is in the East Midlands, where 60% of all reserves are concentrated. Significant reserves of rock and potash salts have been found in Cheshire and Durham. Lead-zinc and hematite ores were found in the Cambedlen massif, and lead-zinc and tin ores were found in Cornwall. Many hopes are pinned on the oil and gas of the North Sea, the total reserves of which amount to 2.6 billion tons.
Water resources:
UK is rich water resources. Almost throughout the country, except for some southeastern regions, the amount of precipitation exceeds evaporation, and therefore a dense network is developed. deep rivers. The largest of them are Severn (354 km.) and Thames (338 km.). Highest value for the UK economy has the Thames. 1/5 of the total population of the country lives in its basin. The metropolitan conurbation - Greater London - is also located here. The short but deep and fast rivers of northwestern Scotland and Wales are used to generate electricity. More than 60 hydroelectric power plants have been built here. Estuaries largest rivers Great Britain - Thames, Severn, Humber, Mersey, Clyde and Fort - these are wide, artificially deepened and straightened bays. They contain the largest seaports and industrial units.
Main macroeconomic indicators.
leading sector British economy is the service sector (61% of GDP), the growth rate of which in 2004. (3.3%) exceeded the dynamics of GDP growth as a whole. The leading position in it is occupied by the financial component, which determines the country's specialization in the system of international economic relations. The share of the financial services sector in the country's GDP is 5%. In terms of size, it ranks third in the world after the US and Japan.
The second most important branch of the British economy is industry (22% of GDP), followed by transport (10%) and construction (5%). Agriculture, which meets about two-thirds of domestic food needs, accounts for only 1% of GDP.
The value of the UK's gross gold and foreign exchange reserves at the end of November 2004 amounted to 49 billion dollars, the volume of obligations of the British government 30 billion dollars.
According to the forecasts of the majority of British economists, the socio-economic policy pursued by the British government will lead to the preservation of moderate growth dynamics of the British economy in the medium term (2005-08). It is expected that during this period the dynamics of the main macroeconomic indicators of the UK will be as follows: the average annual increase in GDP will be 2.6%, domestic demand - 2.4%, inflation - 2%, the rate of the Bank of England - 4.8%. Making these assessments, the experts proceed from the fact that the growth rates of the world economy in 2005 will be equal to 4.1%, in 2006 - 4.2% (in the USA - 3.3% and 2.8%; in the EU - 2.3% and 2.5%; in the euro area - 2.3% and 2 ,4%.).
Place in the system of international division of labor. Main export and import items. Main trading partners .
Place in the system of international division of labor.
The international division of labor is closely connected with both integration processes and the formation of free economic zones. Since the UK is actively involved in both processes, it is involved in the division of labor, is a country that produces industrial products.
Competitiveness will help to characterize the position of Great Britain in the international division of labor. This indicator is formed on the basis of their technological, industrial capabilities of the country, as a result of comparing prices for strategic raw materials, as well as for consumer goods. In terms of competitiveness, the UK occupies a worthy place among countries European Union.
Main export and import items.
Movement of goods in modern world often deals with the placement of national enterprises outside the trade of a given state, which also characterizes the scale of the movement of finished products.
According to the international shopping center on the world market, the UK was a major supplier of aviation equipment (share in world exports) -27%), turbojet engines (27%), navigation equipment (26%), as well as art objects (37%), alcoholic beverages (36%), books (17%), diamonds (14%).
At the same time, significant volumes of such goods as aircraft engines (13%), aircraft (12%), cars (8/%), television cameras (7%), information processing devices (7%) are imported into the country. In addition, the UK is an importer of wines (21% of total imports), organic heterocyclic compounds (32%), diamonds (12%), jewelry (11%), art objects.
The involvement in the international turnover of British electronic computers is very high, about 90% of the products of this industry are exported abroad. More than 70% of the products of the export industry, more than half of the instrument-making products are exported.
Shifts in the export structure of foreign trade were accompanied by changes in its geographical direction, there is a "Europeanization" of the UK's foreign trade relations. Those. Western Europe's share of British exports reached 63% in 2005 compared to 48% in 1999, including the EU's share of almost 59%. The UK has been the fifth largest merchandise exporter and third largest importer over the past five years, with continued growth in international trade.
The degree of involvement of the UK in the process of international production is much higher than in world trade: The share of British TNCs in foreign direct investment is about 2.5 times higher than the country's share in world trade.
Of the top 15 multinational corporations, 4 are British.
The data on world production volumes characterizes the UK as one of the leaders that can compete with the US. It should be noted that international production is a more advanced form of international economic relations, but an even more modern form is trade in services.
Major trading partners.
In 2005 The largest partners for the UK were the countries of the European Union (54.7% of trade) and the USA (11.14%).
Among European countries Britain's main trading partners were Germany (14.2% of British trade), France (8.2%) and the Netherlands (6.5%). The country also actively carried out foreign trade in goods with a number of countries in the Asia-Pacific region - China (3.3%), Japan (2.6%), Hong Kong (2.1%), Singapore (1.2%). In the list of 20 leading foreign trade partners of Great Britain in 2005. Russia also entered, taking 16th place (according to the results of 2004 - 19th place) with a share in the British trade turnover of 1.5% (in 2004 - 1.1%).
Of the UK's trading partners, the most dynamic development in 2005 was received bilateral trade with Russia, the growth of trade with which amounted to 40.8%, with Switzerland (40%), Norway (36.1%), China (23.1%). Denmark (21.3%).
In the import of goods, Russia also stood out as the most dynamic among the main trading partners, the growth in supplies reached 46.2% (in British currency). Positive dynamics was noted in imports from Norway (41.2%), Denmark (25.7%), China (24.1%), South Africa (19.8%), Hong Kong (14%), Germany, the Netherlands, Japan . A slight reduction in the supply of goods to the British market occurred in Ireland (by 1.3%) and Canada (0.8%).
The United States remained among the most capacious export markets for the UK (14.7% of British exports). In addition to the United States, the markets of such EU countries (56.3% of British exports) as Germany (10.1%), France (9.3%), Ireland (7.7%), the Netherlands (5. 9%), Belgium (5.3%), Spain (5%).
Japan is the leader among the countries of the Asia-Pacific region (1.8%). Hong Kong (1.5%) and China (1.4%)
In 2005 there was an increase in British exports (in British currency) to Switzerland (by 74%), Russia (by 27.7%), Singapore (by 21.7%), China (by 18.7%), Hong Kong (by 17, 5%), and in the market of all states - the main trading partners of Great Britain. The only exception was Canada, where shipments of British goods fell by 1.5%.
The country located in the British Isles off the northwestern coast of continental Europe is traditionally called Great Britain, and after the name of the historical part - England. Officially, it is called the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The country consists of 4 historical regions: England (occupies the central and eastern part of the island of Great Britain); Wales (in the west of the same island); Northern Ireland (the island of Ireland) and Scotland. The British Isles are the largest archipelago in Europe. It includes two large islands (Great Britain and Ireland) and more than 5 thousand small islands. british archipelago separated by the shallow North Sea from Sweden and Denmark, and by the narrow straits of the English Channel and Pas de Calais from France. The area of the United Kingdom is 244,100 sq. km.
Great Britain consists of 4 administrative and political parts (historical provinces): England (39 counties, 6 metropolitan counties and Greater London), Wales (9 counties, 3 cities, and 10 city-counties), Scotland (32 regions) and Northern Ireland ( 26 districts).
Population
The UK is characterized by: a type of population reproduction typical of Western European countries with low birth and death rates and very low natural population growth (up to 2%o). In some years, there was a negative increase (natural decline) of the population. In addition to reducing natural growth, a decrease in the immigration flow negatively affects the overall population dynamics. All this gives rise to the problem of the aging of the British nation, leads to a narrowing of the domestic market and an increase in social spending. Life expectancy for men - 74 years, women - about 80 years.
At the same time, the standard of living of the population in Great Britain is one of the highest. Over 60 % British families own separate houses; public education and medical service- free - more than 25 million Britons annually spend their holidays abroad.
The predominant part of the population is British (over 80%), approximately 15% are Scots, Welsh and Irish, combined, about 5% are immigrants, mainly from India, Pakistan, and the West Indies.
The UK population is religiously heterogeneous. The British profess the Anglican faith, the Irish - Catholic. The Scots adhere to the Presbyterian faith, and the immigrants are mostly Muslim. There are also significant groups of adherents of Hinduism, Judaism and other religions.
Economy
For the UK more than for others
major European states, the post-industrial structure of employment of the population is characteristic, which is associated with a special
the country's role in the world export of capital and services (the share of the tertiary sector in GDP is 67%). Low-
(less than 50%) are also indicators of the proportion of the able-bodied and employed population in the total population of the country.
Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country, a major supplier of finished industrial products to the world market and a major exporter of capital (mainly in the developed countries). Extraction of oil and natural gas (mainly on the shelf of the North Sea), coal. Mechanical engineering is the most developed (focused on the production of non-standard products, as well as various kinds and types of machines), including electrical and electronic, transport (including large aircraft, rocket, car and shipbuilding), machine tool building, agricultural, production of industrial equipment, handling equipment, etc., chemical and petrochemical (Great Britain occupies one of the leading places in the world for the production and export of synthetic fibers and dyes, plastics, detergents, fertilizers, etc.), the pharmaceutical, oil refining, ferrous (high-quality steels) and non-ferrous (tin, aluminum) metallurgy. The oldest branch of English industry - textile - has lost its former importance. Large food flavoring (traditional production of whiskey, beer; processing of imported agricultural raw materials) industry; production of footwear, knitwear; famous English porcelain. Dairy and meat and dairy cattle breeding and bacon pig breeding predominate in agriculture; meat and sheep breeding. They grow mainly barley, wheat, sugar beets, oats, and potatoes. Vegetable and fruit growing (large greenhouse and greenhouse farm), floriculture (daffodils, tulips).
Basic indicators:
Population (2005): 60 million people
Unemployment: 4.7%
Employment share: 47.53%
GDP (2005): $1,736,337 million (per capita: $31,000)
Industry share: 27%
The share of agriculture - 2%
Membership: EU, OECD, NATO, UN, OSCE, WHO, B-8.
1.Southeast
2. West Midlands
3. East Midlands
4. East England
5.Southwest
6.Northwest
7. Yorkshire with Humberside
8.Northeast
10. Scotland
11.Northern Ireland
IN hotel business and catering(restaurants, pubs, bars, cafes) employs about 1.8 million people. The turnover of this sector exceeds 59 billion pounds.st. (annual growth rate - 4.8%). The country has more than 60 thousand hotels and small hotels type "bedbreakfast".
residents of the UK and foreign tourists serve 52.6 thousand restaurants, cafes and fast food establishments with an annual turnover of about 20 billion pounds.st. (annual growth rate - 5%). The most visited are the enterprises of the world-famous transnational companies "McDonald's", "Pizza Hut", "Pizza Express", "Burger King", "KFC".
The number of traditional British pubs tends to decrease. In 2003, there were 48.8 thousand of them, or 10% less than in 1990. The annual turnover amounted to 14.0 billion pounds.st.
The UK tourism industry continues to be the most important service industry. The country has a well-developed network of museums and amusement parks, which are visited annually by more than 37 million people. By the population of the UK on travel and domestic holidays annually
An important role in the economic life of Great Britain belongs to foreign tourism. In terms of income from tourism, it is in 5th place, behind the USA, Italy, France and Spain.
Foreign tourism receipts in 2003 amounted to 11.8 billion pounds.st. (increase by 0.4%), outflow - 28.7 billion f.st. (+6.5%). As a result, the negative balance in trade in this type of service in the UK increased from 15.3 billion pounds. in 2002 up to £16.9 billion in 2003 or 10.5%.
UK receipts and expenditures from overseas tourism
The country is located in the British Isles in northwestern Europe. Consider UK EGP- First, its geographical aspect. Great Britain consists of four large provinces: England, Wales, and Scotland. The GWP of Great Britain is largely determined by its insular position. The British Isles are the largest archipelago in Europe. It consists of two major islands(Ireland and Great Britain) and more than five thousand small ones. The southern part of the island of Great Britain is on the fiftieth, and Northern part archipelago (Scottish Islands) - at the sixtieth degree of northern latitude. Distance from the northern point the island of Great Britain to its southernmost point is 966 kilometers, and its greatest width is 508 kilometers. The geographical position of Great Britain is such that it is washed by the waters of the North Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, and South part its coast is located only thirty-five kilometers from north coast France. They are separated by the English Channel. equal to 243 810 square kilometers.
The areas of England, located on the plains, are of great importance for agriculture. A little later, the plains began to develop and mountainous terrain. Pastures, and then mineral resources, served as an important stimulus for this. Historically, it so happened that in the course of geological evolution in the depths british isles various minerals began to form. On the territory of the country there are almost all known minerals, only diamonds are missing.
In the central part and in the north of England are the Pennines, which consist of carboniferous rocks. In their northern part, karst deposits are common. The foothills of these mountains are rich in coal deposits. On the basis of these deposits, large mining and industrial centers of the Yorkshire, Lankshire and other coal basins were formed, the calculated reserves of which amount to more than four billion tons.
In most of England, flat plains and rolling cuesta ranges alternate. The cuestas are most often composed of limestone or writing chalk, and the plains are represented by looser rocks: sand, clay, marl. All these sedimentary rocks accumulated in ancient marine basins.
Small uplands in the Midland plains are associated with deposits of iron ore and coal. Here is one of the largest deposits of iron ore - 60% of all its reserves are concentrated in the East Midlands.
Let us now consider the economic side of the UK EGP .
The country's agriculture is characterized by a very high intensity. It is well equipped and produces 60% of the food the UK needs with just 2% of its manpower. The leading industries are chemical and petrochemical, and oil, oil refining, mechanical engineering, and ferrous metallurgy.
Per capita is 36,600 dollars a year. The UK ranks 13th in the world in terms of living standards. The country's economy is one of the most developed in the world. The country has a developed mechanical engineering, which is mainly focused on the production of non-standard equipment, as well as different types and types of machines.
The country has a well-developed electronic and electrical production, large-scale automotive industry, aircraft rocket building, shipbuilding, and machine tool building. The chemical and petrochemical industries, the production of handling equipment and industrial equipment, as well as the oil refining and pharmaceutical industries, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy are widely represented. Great Britain is one of the first places in the world in the export and production of dyes and plastics, detergents, chemical and mineral fertilizers.
Thus, we have presented in the article information reflecting the EGP of Great Britain.
