Description of the old Russian. Nikolsky Kosinsky Monastery. Shopping and shops

The city of Staraya Russa is one of the most ancient Russian cities, located on the banks of the Polist River and its tributary Porus. Once one of the richest cities Ancient Rus', today Staraya Russa is the third largest city in Novgorod region, with an ancient, eventful centuries of history. Staraya Russa today attracts archaeologists, fans of Dostoevsky's work, lovers of recreation on the waters, and, of course, Orthodox pilgrims. After all, such Christian shrines have been preserved here, such as: Savior Transfiguration Monastery, Trinity Church, Nikolskaya Church, Resurrection Cathedral, Mina Church and other monuments ancient architecture, which are the main attractions of the town.

Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery

One of the main attractions ancient city is the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery - ancient monument architecture of Staraya Russa. It was founded under the Novgorod prince Yaroslav Vladimirovich in 1192 by abbot Martiry, who later became the archbishop of Novgorod. The first buildings of the monastery were several cells and a wooden church, which burned down in 1198. But literally in 70 days, a new, now stone, famous Spassky Cathedral was erected, which today is one of the main architectural monuments and sights of the city. In 1442 the Transfiguration Cathedral Church with a five-tiered iconostasis was built, and in 1630 a small Church of the Nativity of Christ was built.

This whole complex of monastic buildings, despite the devastation to which the monastery was subjected, has survived to this day. Today, parts of the holy relics of fifty saints, transferred in 1805 from the Novgorod St. Sophia Cathedral, as well as a miraculous icon are kept here. Mother of God"Starorusskaya" is one of the most important shrines of the town, brought here by the Greeks from Olviopol.

Now the monastery houses an exposition of the Old Russian Museum of Local Lore.

Church of the Holy Great Martyr Mina

The Church of the Great Martyr Mina deserves special attention. Founded in the 14th century, this unique church is remarkable for the antiquity of its architecture. In appearance, it is a small four-pillar building of a cubic shape, 8 sazhens 1 arshin long and 4 sazhens 1 arshin wide.

The sights of the church could be the envy of any museum. Chief among them is the temple image of the Holy Martyr Mina in miracles, made using copper, gold and silver; an altar eight-pointed silver-plated and gilded cross, as well as the Gospel edition of 1657, bound on legs.

Resurrection Cathedral in Staraya Russa

Talking about the sights and cultural monuments of Staraya Russa, one cannot fail to mention the magnificent Resurrection Cathedral, erected in 1692-1696. on the site of a wooden church built in 1611-1617. This cathedral was not rebuilt and changed in architecture until 1828, when, by the highest permission of the Sovereign Emperor Nikolai Pavlovich, the cathedral church was enlarged and expanded. In 1834, the Resurrection Cathedral was consecrated by Bishop Timothy of Old Russia.

In the eighties of the last century there was a local history museum, but today the cathedral is functioning.

House-Museum of Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky

Undoubtedly, the House-Museum of Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky is one of the main attractions of the city. It is located on the street that bears the name of the great writer. Fyodor Mikhailovich came to the city for the first time in 1872, and for the next eight years Staraya Russa became permanent place rest for himself and for his family. Today, the Dostoevsky Museum keeps the authentic things of the great Russian writer, his documents and books. By the way, it was in this house that Dostoevsky wrote his famous novels: "The Brothers Karamazov" and "Demons", as well as other famous works. Preserved in Staraya Russa is the "Grushenka House", in which Agrippina Menshova once lived, who became real prototype the same Grushenka Svetlova from the novel The Brothers Karamazov. Today Grushenka's House on Glebova Street is also one of the sights of the town.

Muravyovskiy fountain

Another interesting sight of the city is the so-called "Muravyovsky Fountain". In fact, this is a pillar of the purest mineral water. The fountain was opened in 1854 by order of Minister Muravievsky, after whom it was named. Today it is the most powerful mineral spring in Europe, attracting tourists and those wishing to improve their health with its healing waters.

In general, about the health resort of the city - one of its main attractions, it should be said separately.

Resort "Staraya Russa"

Resort "Staraya Russa" is one of the ancient resorts northwestern Russia. Founded over 140 years ago, and today this resort is one of the main attractions of the city, in fact, its calling card. Here are nine mineral springs, including two drinking ones, which in their healing unique properties are not inferior to similar mineral springs in Europe. In addition, here is unique lake, from the bottom of which therapeutic sulphide-silt mud "Starorusskaya" is actively extracted - one of the best among those offered by resorts in Russia and Europe.

So, visiting Staraya Russa, you will improve your health both in body and soul.

Staraya Rusa is an ancient Russian city in the Novgorod region. Stands between St. Petersburg and Moscow. Since ancient times, Staraya Russa has been of particular importance in the culture and history of our country. It was here that even before the baptism of Rus', the center of the trade route "From the Varangians to the Greeks" was located.

Staraya Russa was founded between the rivers Polistia and Porusya (formerly Rusa), hence the city got its name. In 2015 the city celebrated its 1000th anniversary. Staraya Russa was first mentioned in the second half of the 11th century in birch-bark document No. 526.

What can you see in Staraya Russa?

Despite the fact that the city is small, there are many places of interest that are worth paying attention to. It is famous for its rich history.

In the 70s of the 19th century, F.M. Dostoevsky. Now the house-museum of the writer is located here. There are many churches in the city that keep shrines and a piece of the history of our state.

Cathedrals and churches

• Resurrection Cathedral

All guidebooks will send you first of all to visit the Resurrection Cathedral, which attracts with its beauty. The temple is located at the confluence of the rivers Polisti and Porusya. Until the 17th century, there was a wooden Trinity Church on this site. It suffered the same fate as the whole city - it was destroyed by the invaders in 1612.

Then the wooden Church of the Intercession was rebuilt Holy Mother of God but it burned down in 1678. And only in 1696 the Church of the Resurrection of Christ was erected on this site.

The new cathedral was built by the whole county, stones were brought from each parish. The legend says that in the mound under the temple there is a magic stone - Bel-flammable. He had women praying for their husbands and sons who went to war. Periodically, the stone was tearing.

During the years of the Great Patriotic War the temple was badly damaged, as it was occupied by the Germans. But after the victory over the Nazis, it was quickly restored. Parts of the frescoes of the XV-XVII centuries still adorn the walls of the monastery. Today there are expositions local history museum.

Archaeological finds are widely presented, which say that Russa was a developed city already in the 11th century.

• Church of the Holy Great Martyr George the Victorious

This temple has been standing in Staraya Russa for over 600 years. The church was founded by Archimandrite Varlaam in 1410. She's taken it apart and rebuilt over and over again. In the 40s of the last century, during the war, it remained the only functioning Orthodox church in the city and miraculously was not destroyed.

Thanks to this, the icons of other sanctuaries of Russa, which were kept in it, were also preserved. The main shrine not only of this church, but of the whole city is a list from the miraculous icon of the Old Russian Mother of God.

The icon itself disappeared without a trace in the summer of 1941 during the German occupation. It is considered to be the largest portable icon in the world.

• Church of the Holy Trinity

During the Great Patriotic War, part of the walls in the temple was broken and the domes were destroyed. In the 60s, restoration work was carried out and after that a local history museum was opened.

During perestroika, the church building served as a warehouse. And only in the mid-90s the temple again began to act as Orthodox Church. But restoration work is still going on to this day within the framework of federal program for the restoration of historical and cultural monuments.

Other historical sites and sights of Staraya Russa

But the city is famous not only for temples and churches. What other sights can be seen in Staraya Russa and its environs?

• House-Museum of Dostoevsky

Every summer since 1872, for eight consecutive years, F.M. Dostoevsky lived with his family in Staraya Russa. Only this house became his property for the rest of his life. Here he wrote his novels "Demons" and "The Brothers Karamazov" and worked on his other works.

After the death of the writer, his wife and children lived for 46 years in this house, creating a museum out of some of the rooms. It gave visitors the opportunity to freely see the drafts of the writer, his notebooks and manuscripts.

During the Great Patriotic War, this house housed a hostel for teachers. But since 1967, Dostoevsky's grandson began to re-create the museum. Its unveiling took place in May 1981.

Today there you can see things that belonged to the family of the great writer. Theatrical and interactive events are also held here, which help to plunge into the era of Dostoevsky's life, learn family traditions and stories from life.

On the opposite bank of the Pererytitsa River from the museum, Grushenka's house is located - which was the prototype

• Grushenka's house

From the first days of the Great Patriotic War, it was converted into an evacuation hospital. But after a couple of months, he was urgently evacuated due to the occupation of the city by German troops.

The Nazis completely destroyed all the buildings, violated the water supply systems, cut down a huge part of the park. In addition, they began to bury their officers on its territory.

Only after the end of the war did the restoration of the health resort begin, and already at the end of 1946 he received his first patients.

The resort is now gearing up to celebrate its 190th anniversary in 2018.

• Muravyovskiy fountain

Muravyovskiy Fountain was built in the very heart of the resort park. He should also give Special attention, as the sights of Staraya Russa. The decision to drill another well in 1858 was due to the increased demand for mineral water from the population and patients of the resort.

Initially, the fountain was located under a glass tent and hit 8 meters in height. But the Nazis also destroyed this building. At the end of the last century, it was restored, but now it is open, and its jet is much lower, as the spray has a negative effect on neighboring trees.

Muravyovskiy Fountain is one of the most powerful mineral springs in Europe. There is a commemorative 10-ruble coin in circulation, minted in 2002, which depicts the Resurrection Cathedral, the fountain and the coat of arms of Staraya Russa.

• interactive museum"Manor of the medieval Rushanin"

Opposite the central gate of the resort "Staraya Russa" is the Interactive Museum "Estate of the medieval Rushanin". Here are copies-reconstructions of medieval houses and buildings. All features of the construction of those years are observed.

There is a spirit here ancient Russian city. Saltworks (varnichny place), a Russian bath, which was heated on black, a barn, a residential hut with a passage, a palisade, a wooden pavement - this is what tourists can see on individual and organized excursions in this museum.

New buildings are constantly appearing in the museum, and the classical manor of a medieval Rusanian is gradually being recreated.

• Museum of the North-Western Front

As it became clear from the article, Staraya Russa was fully affected by the Great Patriotic War. The city was captured by German troops, which caused massive damage to historical sites.

Therefore, the Museum of the North-Western Front is rich in exhibits, leaflets, documents and front-line letters of those years. The most unique instrument is the German bell. Initially, it was called Trading for its intended purpose. Located in the city center. Merchants from different volosts and lands met here. The locals were engaged in salt mining.

Before World War II, Gostiny Dvor was located here, but it was completely destroyed. Now there is a square and a boulevard in this place. Currently on Cathedral Square all city holidays and festivities are held.

At the beginning of the square is water tower, which serves zero kilometer all roads coming from Staraya Russa.

• Tsaritsyn spring

By order of Catherine II, an artesian well 246 meters deep was drilled outside the city on the cathedral side. Today there is a swimming pool and the place is popular for walking.

• Nikolsky Kosinsky Monastery

Not far from the city, in the village of Kosino, there is a female (formerly male) Kosinsky-Nikolaev-Nativity Monastery.

The founders are considered to be the Monk Constantine and Blessed Cosmas, who built the church in 1220. Their relics rest on the territory of the monastery today.

Throughout the history of its existence, it has undergone more than once attacks and changes. The Swedes completely destroyed it in the 17th century, but our ancestors rebuilt it again.

The German troops made it their headquarters. Since the mid-90s, the temple has again become active, but its restoration continues.

• Buregsky Transfiguration Monastery (ruins)

The remains of Buregsky Preobrazhensky are located 23 kilometers from the city. In the middle of the 15th century, where the Psizha river flows into Lake Ilmen, the stone church of St. Nicholas the Great was built.

Around it in the 17th century the Monastery Complex was built. It was very badly damaged during the Great Patriotic War, as Russian soldiers fired on the Germans who occupied it.

Now we can only see the remaining walls of the monastery and the miraculous holy spring with silver water.

All attempts to restore the temple were unsuccessful. The bell tower of the Monastery is included in the List of objects historical heritage RF.

One of the oldest Russian cities is Staraya Russa, whose sights attract tourists and are the pride of local residents.

There is still no exact data on the time of the settlement, but the first mentions are found in chronicles dated 1167, which was considered the official date of the appearance of Staraya Russa. There are several versions about the name of the city. One of them - on behalf of the Porusya River (formerly Rus), the other - in honor of the legendary hero Rus, who lived in this area and became the founder of the city.

So where is Staraya Russa? The city is located in the central part of the Novgorod region, less than a hundred kilometers from regional center, at the confluence of the Porusya River with the Polist River. You can get to the city from the regional center by bus (travel time is about 2 hours), by car, or by railway on the passing train Moscow -.

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The main attractions with photos and descriptions

There is enough here for small town attractions and iconic places. Some of them were especially famous in the past, but have lost their original grandeur in our time, others still attract tourists today. The city has museums, churches, cathedrals, temples, monuments, and even its own spa resort.

monuments

On the territory of the city there are sculptural compositions, most of which were significantly damaged during the German occupation. Many of them have been carefully restored and are of interest to tourists:

Churches

The city attracts both lovers of antiquity and pilgrims wishing to visit holy places. Many shrines have been preserved on the territory of the city, and believers are in a hurry to visit the Church of the Great Martyr Mina, and the Resurrection Cathedral, and the Church of St. George the Victorious, and the Transfiguration Monastery of the Savior, and other holy places. Let's talk about some of them:

The pride of Staraya Russa are other shrines. The Church of the Great Martyr Mina, founded in the 14th century, is famous for its ancient architecture.

The main values ​​stored in it are the eight-pointed altar cross, the Gospel published in 1657, and the image of the Holy Martyr Mina.

Often tourists visit the Church of the Holy Trinity, the exact date of construction of which is unknown. During its existence, the shrine survived several destructions from fires and natural disasters, and was badly damaged during the war years. During this time, all church values ​​were lost.

The building was restored in 1980.

Museums of Staraya Russa

City museums, of which there are quite a few, are also attractions - the Old Russian Museum of Local Lore, the House Museum of F. M. Dostoevsky, the Center for Folk Art and Crafts "Bereginya", and the "Estate of the Medieval Rushanin" - cognitive and interesting excursions for children and adults.

Let's talk in more detail:

Historical fact: this house was Dostoevsky's first own dwelling. Previously, his family was forced to live in rented apartments.

Resort Park Staraya Russa

What else to see in Staraya Russa? Visit resort park. In ancient times, the city was a center for the extraction of salt, but over time, the processes stopped, but mineral waters and mud remained, which have healing properties.

In 1828, Emperor Nicholas I agreed to the construction of a balneological resort. Mineral waters were used to treat skin diseases, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system.

The first building was built on the site of the abandoned Peter and Paul Monastery, near salt lake. Initially, the patients of the new sanatorium were soldiers who needed treatment and recovery from injuries and diseases.

Over time, the resort acquired new buildings and gained wide popularity. The sons of Alexander II, M. Gorky, N. Dobrolyubov, F. M. Dostoevsky visited its waters. In 1882, with funds collected by professors of St. Petersburg University, who gave lectures at the resort, a medical children's colony was opened - the first such phenomenon in Russia.

The development of the resort continued after the revolution of 1917, the number of buildings increased, laboratories and diagnostic and treatment rooms appeared. Since 1925, the sanatorium has become year-round. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, in 1941, a military hospital was located on the basis of the hospital. But, after the retreat of our troops, with the arrival of the German invaders, the sanatorium was destroyed, most of the century-old trees in the park around the health resort were cut down, all water conduits, dams were destroyed, the dirt was washed out and oxidized.

After the expulsion of the Nazis in February 1944, the sanatorium began to be restored, and already in 1946 he was able to receive the first patients. Full recovery The resort was completed in the early 70s.

The main attraction and symbol not only of the resort, but also of the city is the Muravyov Fountain, named after Count Muravyov, who ordered to start drilling the well. Healing qualities are possessed not only by water, but also by the air around the fountain. Smoking near the source is prohibited.

Note: Muravyovskiy Fountain is the most powerful self-flowing mineral spring in Europe, reaching a height of 1.5 meters. In 2002, in the series "Ancient Cities of Russia", the fountain was depicted on a 10-ruble coin.

One of the methods of treatment is walking in the park, the air in which has healing powers. Special treatment routes have been developed for open areas exercise equipment installed. The park is located in the center of Staraya Russa, you can visit it all year round and for free. Currently, the resort continues to operate throughout the year. Everyone can receive treatment and improve their health - both adults and children from 4 years old.

A variety of sights and their history attract guests of Staraya Russa. Many tourists and guests of the city are happy to visit not only memorable places but also improve their health balneological resort. We invite you to look interesting photos Staraya Russa.

Staraya Ru?sa is a city of regional significance in the Novgorod region of Russia, administrative center Starorussky municipal district, the largest settlement of the urban settlement Municipality City of Staraya Russa.

The city in terms of the number of inhabitants is the third in the region, in Staraya Russa on January 1, 2010, the resident population was 32,235 people.

As of 1994-2003 the area of ​​the city is 24 km², and since 2005 the area of ​​the territory is 18.54 km².

The city is located at the confluence of the Porusya River with the Polist River (Lake Ilmen basin), 99 km from Veliky Novgorod (along the bypass road), 48 km east of Shimsk, 20 km west of Parfino, 64 km north of Poddorye.

Until now, the question of the time of the emergence of the city of Staraya Russa remains open. For the first time in the annals, Staraya Russa is mentioned under 1167, but the city at the confluence of the Polist and Porusya rivers in the Southern Priilmenie undoubtedly existed from very ancient times. Birch bark No. 526, found in Novgorod in 1975, confirms the existence of Rusa in the middle of the 11th century: “On Boyan in Rous, gr (i) vna, on Zhitob (o) ud in Rous 13 koun and gr (i) vna truth ...” . According to the first leader of the Staraya Russian archaeological expedition A.F. Medvedev: "Now there is no doubt that Rusa, as a well-organized city with pavements, salt works and other crafts, has existed since the first half of the 11th century."

At present, well-known archaeological sources make it possible to date the time of the emergence of Staraya Russa to the end of the 10th - beginning of the 11th century. The earliest archaeological finds in Staraya Russa were found on Mineralnaya Street:

At the X excavation (26 tiers of the most ancient bridges of the turn of the X-XI centuries);

At the 12th excavation site (stucco ceramics of the 10th century);

And on the XVI excavation (dendrodata ancient building 20-30 years 11th century; and below, a cultural layer up to 30 cm was recorded).

On present stage archaeological study ancient center South Priilmenye remains unresolved not only the question of the time of the emergence of Staraya Russa, but also regarding the localization of the oldest settlement, the nature of the fortifications and the topography of the city.

Participants of the III All-Russian Archaeological Congress (Staraya Russa; October 24 - 29, 2011) within the framework of the "round table" supported the petition of the administration of the Staraya Russa municipal district and the city of Staraya Russa to the administration of the Novgorod region and the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation to celebrate the 1000th anniversary of the history of Staraya Russa in 2015.

Many assumptions are connected with the name of the city Staraya Russa (until the 16th century - Rusa) (see Hypotheses), however, the most developed and convincing version is presented by philologists and linguists R. A. Ageeva, V. L. Vasiliev, M. V. Gorbanevsky.

The original name of the city - Rusa comes from the hydronym - the river Porusya (which in ancient times was called - Russa). The name of the river, in turn, is Old Baltic (derived from the root of the root rud-s- / roud-s- - "red"), that is, the name of the city can be deciphered as "Red River". Modern name city ​​- Staraya Russa, is recorded in written sources from the 16th century. and firmly established only in the XIX century. in connection with the emergence settlements received, in connection with the development of salt production in them, the name "Novaya Russa".

Until the first mention in chronicles in 1167, the history of Staraya Russa can only be judged from archaeological data. According to the materials of the excavations, Rusa in the 11th-12th centuries had regularly updated wooden pavements and a developed urban culture. The townspeople were actively engaged in salt production, trade and crafts.

From the end of the 11th century, chronicles began to regularly report on events related to the city.

1192 - the future Archbishop of Novgorod, hegumen Martiry, founded the Transfiguration Monastery of the Savior.

1193 - a native of Rusa - Martiry Rushanin becomes the Novgorod archbishop.

1194 - a great fire in Ruse.

1198 - the first stone church was laid in Ruse - the Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Savior.

1199-1201 - city fortifications are built in Ruse.

1234 - during a sudden raid, the Lithuanian army penetrates the city, but the combined forces of the townspeople, merchants, gridi and firemen repulse the attack. However, the Lithuanians manage to plunder the Transfiguration Monastery of the Savior.

1445 - the stone church of St. Dmitry is being built.

1456 - Battle of Rusa. Moscow troops during the Moscow-Novgorod war captured the city and defeated the Novgorod army, which was trying to free Rusa.

1471 - during the campaign of Dmitry Kholmsky, Rusa was captured and burned by Moscow troops. The population fled to Novgorod, and upon returning after the conclusion of the Korostyn peace, many residents drowned during a storm in Lake Ilmen.

1478 - Rusa, together with all the Novgorod lands, became part of the Moscow principality after the campaigns of the great Moscow prince Ivan III.

In 1565, Ivan the Terrible singled out Staraya Rusa as part of the oprichnina lands, which saved her from the oprichnina terror. The rich salt mines remain the basis of the city's economy. The economic power and importance of the city for the state treasury during this period is evidenced by the fact that the English envoy J. Fletcher, who visited Russia in 1588, in his essay “On the Russian State”, called Staraya Rusa one of the most important cities in terms of income for the Palace Order and the Order of the Grand Parish:

The city of Moscow pays annual duties of 12,000 rubles, Smolensk 8,000, Pskov 12,000, Novgorod the Great 6,000, Staraya Rusa with salt and other works 18,000, Torzhok 800 rubles, Tver 700, Yaroslavl 1200, Kostroma 1800, Nizhny Novgorod 7000, Kazan 11000, Vologda 2000 rubles.

In the last quarter of the 16th century, the city entered a long period of decline.

In February 1581, during the Livonian War, the city was captured and almost completely burned, and its surroundings were devastated by the Polish-Lithuanian troops.

In the autumn of 1608, Staraya Russa was captured by the detachments of False Dmitry II.

In the spring of 1609, during a campaign against Moscow, a Russian-Swedish detachment under the command of Fyodor Chulkov and Evert Gorn recaptures Rusa from the Tushins.

In 1611, the city, together with Novgorod and the adjacent territory, fell into the zone of Swedish occupation. The Swedes fortify the fort at the confluence of Peretytitsa and Polisti, build warehouses and carry out separate events to improve the city. However, the population suffers from lawlessness and epidemics, and by the time Staraya Russa returned, among other lands under the Stolbovsky peace treaty in 1617, the city was completely devastated and there were only 38 inhabitants in it.

From 1692 to 1696, the Resurrection Cathedral was built.

In 1693, 21-year-old Peter I, with the permission of his mother, went to Arkhangelsk and on the way stopped in Staraya Russa. He ordered to find ways to develop Starorussky salt-making. The second time he visited the city was in 1724.

When dividing Russian Empire in the province in 1708 the city was assigned to the Ingermanland province (since 1710 - St. Petersburg).

Since 1719 - part of the Novgorod province. Since 1727 in the Novgorod province of the Novgorod province. Center of the Starorussky district.

In 1763 there was a catastrophic fire that destroyed all the wooden buildings. After the fire, the city was built according to the plan on the right bank of the Polist River.

In 1771, by decree of Catherine II, on the basis of the old salt mines, a new state-owned Salt Plant was organized, which operated until the middle of the 19th century, when, due to the low concentration of salt in the sources, it stopped the production of table salt, unable to withstand competition, and began only to supply St. Petersburg brines for medical needs. In 1784, the well-known geologist and engineer Franz-Ludwig Kankrin was invited from Hesse to lead the plant.

Since 1776, the county town of the Novgorod governorate. February 15, 1776 Staraya Russa was granted a coat of arms, and she was declared county town(since 1796 - Novgorod province).

In 1785, Staraya Russa received public self-government.

In 1828, a balneo-mud resort was created here.

In 1831, a bloody cholera riot took place in Staraya Russa. Alexander Pushkin was his witness: “Horrors,” he wrote to Pyotr Vyazemsky on August 3, 1831, “more than a hundred generals, colonels and officers were slaughtered. 15 healers were killed, the living were buried, etc.

In 1878, a railway connection was opened.

Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky lived in Staraya Russa from 1872 to 1880.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the city began to be called Staraya Russa (with a double "s").

During the Great Patriotic War from August 9, 1941 to February 18, 1944, Staraya Russa was occupied by Nazi troops. The city was not far from the front line and was heavily damaged. Soviet troops repeatedly tried unsuccessfully to seize Staraya Russa, as early as February 23, 1942, according to A.V. Rogachev, a fighter of the division advancing in this direction: “From February 23rd - February 27th - continuous attacks ... 3-4 attacks during the day; at night again. Losses were very big. I saw such bloody battles as on the North-Western Front, then during the war I met very few ... there were so many dead that it was difficult to just get through. Later there was the same unsuccessful Starorusskaya operation in March 1943 and in August 1943.

Church of the Holy Trinity is originally wooden church, it is located in the very center of the city, old Russa, in the city inventory it is considered as burned by people of Lithuanian nationality.

Located on the street named after Timur Frunze. Many troubles befell the church.

In 1680, the church was burned down, a fire broke out in a neighboring building, soon after which it spread to the church, the iconostasis, icons, as well as church accessories and many other things were destroyed.

The church was rebuilt, after which, in 1836, a storm came that went all over the mountain, due to strong wind the main dome fell, which damaged the Trinity Church itself.

After the repair, the church acquired a different look, it became a cubic, four-columned church measuring 17m by 17m.

After all the troubles of the next 10 years, the church flourished, a parish school was opened in it, where children were taught singing, the laws of God, and of course literacy, counting.

A local history museum was opened in the Trinity Church in the 1980s, and a year later Archbishop Lev of Novgorod consecrated it.

River Polist

Polist is a river in the European part of Russia, flowing through the Pskov and Novgorod regions. The length of the channel is 176 kilometers. The river has three large tributaries - Porusya, Belka and Snezha.

The origin of the name of the river is not exactly known. According to one version, the river was named by the founding prince of Staraya Rusa in honor of his wife. According to another version, the name of the river comes from the old Russian word meaning "bog, bog."

The river is characterized by a stormy, swift current - only the first kilometers of the river are calm, surrounded by swampy banks. At the source, the width of the channel does not exceed twenty meters.

The river is replete with powerful rapids and rifts, the height of which sometimes reaches two meters. Total number thresholds - forty-one. Complicating the situation is the fact that in some places both banks of the river are sheer cliffs up to twenty-five meters high. The most dangerous threshold of the river is located near the village of Braklovitsy.

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Church of the Holy Great Martyr Mina

The Church of the Holy Great Martyr Mina is inactive Orthodox church, the oldest in Staraya Russa. This small cubic-shaped one-domed temple with one apse belongs to the protected monuments. cultural heritage Russia.

The exact date of its construction has not yet been established, but it has been mentioned in historical records since the end of the 15th century. At one time, the temple had a large parish, as fifteen surrounding villages were assigned to it. The temple, like many others in Russia, was closed at the end of the thirties of the last century. During the Patriotic War, he was badly damaged, but later was restored.

The temple had many valuables, including the dome from Lübeck made in 1672, which is now in the museum, the gilded image of St. Mina, which disappeared in the twenties, the Holy Scripture, 1657, bound on legs, etc.

The Resurrection Cathedral is the most beautiful functioning Orthodox cathedral in memory of the Resurrection of Jesus Christ.

The temple is located in Staraya Russa, at the confluence of two rivers - Polisti and Pererytitsa. Many years ago, there were city walls with gates at this place.

In the 1690s, the first Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ was built here. It was stone structure, consisting of three aisles. In 1833 the temple was rebuilt and expanded. During World War II, the temple was used as a stable. During the liberation of Staraya Russa, the cathedral was badly damaged: the spire, wooden ceilings, the dome of the bell tower were destroyed, the walls and roof were damaged. After that, a cinema, a club, warehouses were located in the temple, and in 1984 a museum of the North-Western Front was opened here. The cathedral became active again only in 1992, and in 2008 restoration work began in the temple.

Porusya river

Porusya is a river located in the Novgorod region, in northwestern Russia. The total length of the channel is 110 kilometers. The sources of the river are located in the Rdeysky swamps, the mouth of the river - the confluence with the Polistya River - within the city of Staraya Rusa.

The source of the river is actually just a small meandering stream. But having gone beyond the territory of the swamps, the riverbed expands, and the current becomes quite turbulent. The banks of the river are wooded along the entire length of the channel. There are small rifts and sills, but there are quite a few of them. IN downstream the shallow river bed widens to twenty meters.

House-Museum of F.M. Dostoevsky

Our nest - that's how Dostoevsky called the house in Staraya Russa. In this small provincial town he felt so good and calm, composed so well, like nowhere else. In just one year, the house with Staraya Russe turned into a family nest, which Dostoevsky so wanted. The third child of the writer, Alexei, was born here. Here, in amazing provincial silence, "The Brothers Karamazov", "Demons" and other famous works were created.

Once, on the advice of friends, the writer's family decided to rent a dacha in Staraya Russa for the summer. And in 1873 they rented a two-story house on the embankment of the Pererytitsa River. After spending the whole summer in Ruse and loving this town with all their hearts, the Dostoevskys stayed for the winter. And no wonder, because everyone who comes to Staraya Russa falls in love with her, with her smooth life, cozy streets, walks along the cobbled embankment.

In the spring of 1909, it was decided to establish a house-museum of the great writer. The city authorities immediately declared Dostoevsky's house "an inviolable monument." In 1931, a memorial plaque was solemnly installed here. However, the house-museum opened its doors to the public only in 1981. Since then, guests of the city can see an almost completely recreated atmosphere of the late 19th century, when the Dostoevsky family lived here. According to photographs, letters, memoirs of the writer and his household, household items and furniture were selected. Literally every detail is carefully thought out and carefully installed in its place. There are also genuine things of the writer here, there are not many of them, but when you realize that Fyodor Mikhailovich himself wore these gloves and a top hat, an incredible feeling of delight awakens somewhere inside everyone.

Muravyovskiy fountain and drinking gallery

The Staraya Russian resort, with a history of more than 150 years, is one of the most famous in Russia. Rest here is especially favorable, because the outlets of numerous mineral springs form a very special microclimate here. Thanks to the amazing air, the very stay in Staraya Russa already has a healing effect in itself. Not to mention the unique sulphide-silt mud, which is mined on the territory of the sanatorium and used in medical procedures.

On the territory of the Staraya Russian resort there are eight sources of useful chloride-sodium-calcium-magnesium water. Two of them are displayed in the drinking gallery, where anyone can come and get water with them. Especially popular is the so-called Muravyovskiy Fountain - the most powerful self-flowing mineral fountain in Europe.

The history of the fountain goes back to 1854, when the then Minister of State Property M. Muravyov began to show interest in the resort in Staraya Russa. He ordered the expansion of the mud therapy department and the opening of new cabinets for pine baths. Another order of the minister was to drill an additional well to improve the flow of mineral water to the hospital. A new well began to be drilled in 1858 and completed exactly one year later, reaching a depth of 116 meters. As a result of these efforts, a powerful column of mineral water burst out of the ground, hitting to a height of about ten meters. Within one second, 70 liters of water were pushed to the surface. In honor of the initiative minister, the fountain got its name. For more than 150 years, every day, the Muravyovka Fountain has been throwing out priceless jets of incredibly useful mineral water from the ground. A special air is felt even if you just sit next to the fountain, which many visitors to the resort and the townspeople love to do.

Museum of the North-Western Front and the Partisan Territory

The Museum of the North-Western Front and the Partisan Territory is located in the Novgorod region in the city of Staraya Russa, on Volodarsky Street. The museum conveys all the actions that took place during the Great Patriotic War.

All that is in the museum tells about the events that took place in Staraya Russa, its opening took place on February 18, 2003, this is the day when 59 years have passed since the liberation of the city.

One of the memorable exhibits is the bell, the designer of which was the master Benning in Lübeck. One of the main memorials are various weapons, schemes, maps, documents, honorary awards and, of course, personal items.

All things were brought from those places where the war took place, and from veterans of the Wehrmacht.

Nearby the museum is installed Observation deck, where the T-26 tank is located, which got them from the Lovat River and two guns.

Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery

The Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery in Staraya Russa is the oldest historical monument that has survived to this day. The first information about him was recorded in the Novgorod chronicle, which, under 1192, reports that hegumen Martyry founded in Ruse (as the city was called in ancient times) a church and a monastery in honor of the Transfiguration of the Lord. The first wooden temple did not last long, because in 1194 a fire broke out in the city, which destroyed the temple. However, already in 1198, Martyry, who had already become an archbishop, was building a new, stone, temple. The next major building period dates back to 1442, when the church was seriously rebuilt.

At the beginning of the 17th century, after the Swedish occupation, Novgorod land was in ruins and desolation, but active construction is underway in the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery: two stone churches and a bell tower appear. This example suggests that the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery was an exception, and considerable royal grants and income from the salt industry played an important role in its revival.

The monastery was miraculously able to avoid destruction during the Great Patriotic War and is a wonderful architectural monument. Now in the premises of the monastery there are exhibition halls of the museum of local lore, and in the building of the cathedral you can see unique frescoes XV-XVII centuries.

Korostyn - German military cemetery

Korostyn, German military cemetery located on the picturesque shore of Lake Ilmen, in the Novgorod region. In the same place, on the high bank of the lake, there is a natural monument - the Ilmensky Glint.

The memorial cemetery was opened in 1997. Here on the beautiful and cozy place buried German soldiers who died in these lands during the war years. But not only soldiers and not just soldiers are buried. Here are the soldiers of the SS division "Dead Head" (MG), who were gathered in the surrounding swamps.

The SS Totenkopf Division, or more precisely the 3rd SS Totenkopf Motorized Infantry Division, was formed in 1939. The division consisted mainly of soldiers from the guards of concentration camps. The first commander of the "Dead Head" - Theodor Eicke, was previously known as the commandant concentration camp"Dachau".

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