What geographical objects are named after explorers. Geographical objects in Russia named after Russian travelers
They discovered new places and gave them names themselves, in other cases, they decided to perpetuate the discoverers in the geographical name of the rest. One way or another, there are quite a few similar names on the map. Studying them is very interesting and even useful, especially if you are planning a vacation and want to choose the most original route.
Mount Cook
Story geographical discoveries this navigator is quite tragic - he died in one of his voyages. His memory is preserved by the mountain of the same name, which is also known as Aoraki. It is located in the western part of the island in New Zealand, in places so well studied by the English traveler. Origin of names geographical objects often directly related to their discoverer, a similar case here - James Cook really visited this mountain. This highest point Southern Alps 3754 meters high, covered with glaciers and snow and shaped like a saddle and steep slopes. Since 1953, the area around it has been considered a National Park, preserving protected species of vegetation and unique landscape. Here you can meet unique kea, alpine parrots, as well as skates and wagtails.
Strait of Magellan
Geographical features named after travelers can also be found in Southern Patagonia. The Strait of Magellan is the one that separates South America from the archipelago. Tierra del Fuego. Its length is five hundred and seventy-five kilometers, and the smallest depth is twenty meters. The strait is named after the traveler who was the first European to cross it during his journey around the world. This happened in 1520. What is interesting: great geographical discoveries are also associated with this area (grade 7 studies this historical period, it is known to almost everyone), and it was here that Magellan discovered Cape St. Ursula. He named the strait in honor of the feast of All Saints, but the Spanish king renamed it in honor of the discoverer and his feat, accomplished in October 1520.
Drake Passage
Geographical objects named after travelers are associated with the most important events in world history. For example, connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. It is the widest in the world, measuring over eight hundred kilometers at its narrowest points. The current of the West Winds flows along the strait, due to which strong storms constantly occur here with waves up to fifteen meters high. You can also see drifting ice here. In addition, the strait contains the most south point mainland South America, the legendary Cape Horn. It is named after English navigator which first passed here in 1578. The great geographical discoveries (the 7th grade passes them as part of the main program) were made before the appearance of this traveler, but his contribution still cannot be underestimated.
City of Livingston
There are different geographic features, named after travelers, but they are usually rivers, seas or straits. There are few cities of this kind, and Livingston is one of them. It is located in Zambia, near famous waterfall Victoria. The history of geographical discoveries of the scientist is small, he made a greater contribution to the study of the customs of the local inhabitants, having arrived in Africa as a missionary. Until 1935, the city was the capital of the country, and now it is simply popular with tourists who are attracted by the nearby national park Mosi-ao-Tunya. There are many in Livingston interesting entertainment: from quad biking to elephant safari. In addition, there are many amazing museums that also attract a considerable number of tourists.
Laptev sea
Geographical objects named after travelers are also associated with Russian explorers. For example, the Laptev Sea, located in northern Siberia, next to It was named after Russian explorers of the North Pole, who were cousins. Prior to receiving the name perpetuating the Laptevs, the sea was known under the name of Nordenskiöld. This territory is distinguished by a cold climate with almost constant temperatures below zero. The sea has low salinity and is covered with ice for nine months of the year. Almost no people live on the shores, and the flora and fauna are extremely scarce. In ancient times, the tribes of Yukagirs, Evens and Evenks lived here, who lived off fishing and reindeer herding. Development by Russian travelers began in the seventeenth century. There are dozens of islands in the Laptev Sea, untouched by man. On some, the remains of mammoths were found. Biggest locality territory - the village of Tiksi.
Bering Strait
Geographic features named after travelers are most often water features. So, going from the Arctic Ocean to the Pacific, it is just such. It separates Asia from North America, namely capes - Dezhnev from the Prince of Wales. The smallest depth of the strait is thirty-six meters, and the minimum width is eighty-six kilometers. The name is associated with Bering, a native of Denmark, who passed here in 1728. Before him, the territory was studied by Semyon Dezhnev, after whom the Chukotka cape, the most east point Asia. In the center of the strait are the Diomede Islands, there are two of them. The first is a large one, Ratmanova. The second one is smaller. The first one is owned Russian Federation, and the second - the United States of America, separates them about four kilometers. In addition, there is a border of time zones between them and
From time to time, the possibility of building a tunnel or bridge that would connect Alaska and Chukotka is discussed at the government level, but the plans never go to the stage of implementation due to various reasons, both economic and technical. However, there is a possibility that in the future such a project will still be implemented with the cooperation of specialists from Russia and the United States.
Russian travelers made a huge contribution to the history of geographical discoveries and research the globe. Many geographic features of the Earth are named after them. These are Cape Dezhnev, Cape Chelyuskin, the sea, the sea, the Kruzenshtern Strait, Lisyansky Island, the Przhevalsky Ridge, the Bellingshausen Sea, the Miklukho-Maclay coast, the Obruchev volcano, the Semyonov glacier and many others. The scientific research of the Russian discoverers, the accurate detailed maps they compiled, had great importance for the development of the geography of the whole world.
Dezhnev's expedition left the mouth Siberian river Kolyma to the east on June 20, 1648. She was faced with the task of discovering new lands, studying the hydrographic network of the Far Northeast and the coast of the Arctic Ocean. Having sailed around, in September the expedition rounded Cape Bolshoy Kamenny Nos (now it is named after Dezhnev). The results exceeded all expectations: Semyon Dezhnev not only made new ones, but also delivered blueprints of new territories to his homeland. Subsequently, one of the bays was named after him. Bering Sea, mountain range and a village on the Amur River.
In 1697-1699, the Russian pioneer Vladimir Atlasov (c. 1661/64 - 1711) discovered new lands. At the same time, the first Russian settlement was founded there.
In 1711 and 1713, Ivan Kozyrevsky visited the Kuril Islands (born around 1680 - the year of death is unknown).
I always loved geography and history in school. I read a lot of books about travelers and about their finds, watched films, was interested in scientific discoveries. I was surprised by the people who went on all sorts of expeditions. Particularly struck Russian commander Vitus Bering. In my opinion, he was a strikingly unique person.
Bering - Russian Dane
Bering Ivan Ivanovich (this is in Russia, but in fact Vitus Jonassen), although he was born and studied in Denmark, became an officer in the Russian fleet. He lived during reign of Peter I when the Russian fleet began to develop and new lands began to be developed. It was Peter who sent Bering's first expedition to the east to find an isthmus between the continents: ours and North America. This same Vitas, traveling for two years with the first scientific marine expedition, made a map and wrote eastern north of Asia.
What geographical features are named after Bering
It was a sin not to name such a discoverer some geographic features. And so:
Some plants of Kamchatka, streets in cities, Chukchi village, plane, ship, university. His name became brand even Danish hours.
In 1970, a film (practically, a biography) “The Ballad of Bering and His Friends” was shot about the navigator. With the discoveries of Bering and his expeditions, stamps and coins were issued.
In addition, there are other places that are named after Bering's ships or the names of his associates:
- Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky(in honor of the ships "St. Peter" and "St. Paul");
- Shumaginsky Islands(belong to America, named after a sailor who died on the expedition);
- St. Lawrence Island(Bering so named him in honor of the day of this saint. It was on this day that Bering arrived on the island).
Just an amazing person was this navigator and discoverer. Even died on the expedition.
Russian navigators, along with European ones, are the most famous pioneers who discovered new continents, sections of mountain ranges and vast water areas.
They became the discoverers of significant geographical objects, took the first steps in the development of hard-to-reach territories, and traveled around the world. So who are they - the conquerors of the seas, and what exactly did the world learn about thanks to them?
Afanasy Nikitin - the very first Russian traveler
Afanasy Nikitin is rightfully considered the first Russian traveler who managed to visit India and Persia (1468-1474, according to other sources 1466-1472). On the way back he visited Somalia, Turkey, Muscat. On the basis of his travels, Athanasius compiled the notes "Journey Beyond the Three Seas", which became popular and unique historical and literary aids. These notes became the first book in the history of Russia, made not in the format of a story about a pilgrimage, but describing political, economic and cultural characteristics territories.
Afanasy Nikitin
He was able to prove that even as a member of a poor peasant family, one can become famous researcher and traveller. Streets, embankments in several Russian cities, motor ship, passenger train and aircraft.
Semyon Dezhnev, who founded the Anadyr prison
Cossack chieftain Semyon Dezhnev was an Arctic navigator who became the discoverer of a number of geographical objects. Wherever Semyon Ivanovich served, everywhere he sought to study the new and previously unknown. He was even able to cross the East Siberian Sea on a makeshift koch, going from Indigirka to Alazeya.
In 1643, as part of a detachment of explorers, Semyon Ivanovich discovered Kolyma, where he founded the city of Srednekolymsk with his associates. A year later, Semyon Dezhnev continued his expedition, walked along Bering Strait(which then did not yet have this name) and discovered the easternmost point of the mainland, later called Cape Dezhnev. An island, a peninsula, a bay, a village also bear his name.
Semyon Dezhnev
In 1648, Dezhnev set off again. His ship was wrecked in the waters located in the southern part of the Anadyr River. Having reached on skis, the sailors went up the river and stayed there for the winter. Subsequently, this place appeared on geographical maps and received the name Anadyr prison. As a result of the expedition, the traveler was able to make detailed descriptions, make a map of those places.
Vitus Jonassen Bering, who organized expeditions to Kamchatka
Two Kamchatka expeditions inscribed the names of Vitus Bering and his associate Alexei Chirikov in the history of marine discoveries. During the first trip, the sailors conducted research and were able to supplement the geographical atlas with objects located in Northeast Asia and on pacific coast Kamchatka.
The discovery of the Kamchatka and Ozerny peninsulas, the bays of Kamchatsky, the Cross, the Karaginsky, the Bay of Conduct, the island of St. Lawrence are also the merit of Bering and Chirikov. At the same time, another strait was found and described, which later became known as the Bering Strait.
Vitus Bering
The second expedition was undertaken by them in order to find a way to North America and explore the Pacific Islands. On this journey, Bering and Chirikov founded the Peter and Paul prison. It got its name from the combined names of their ships ("Saint Peter" and "Saint Paul") and subsequently became the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.
On the approach to the shores of America, the ships of like-minded people lost sight of each other, heavy fog affected. "Saint Peter", controlled by Bering, swam to west coast America, but got into a severe storm on the way back - the ship was thrown onto an island. The last minutes of Vitus Bering's life passed on it, and the island subsequently began to bear his name. Chirikov also reached America on his ship, but successfully completed his voyage, finding several islands of the Aleutian ridge on the way back.
Khariton and Dmitry Laptev and their “named” sea
Cousins Khariton and Dmitry Laptev were like-minded and assistants to Vitus Bering. It was he who appointed Dmitry the commander of the Irkutsk ship, and Khariton led his double boat Yakutsk. They took part in the Great Northern Expedition, the purpose of which was to study and accurately describe and map the Russian shores of the ocean, from Yugorsky Shar to Kamchatka.
Each of the brothers made a significant contribution to the development of new territories. Dmitry became the first navigator to survey the coast from the mouth of the Lena to the mouth of the Kolyma. He made detailed maps of these places, based on mathematical calculations and astronomical data.
Khariton and Dmitry Laptev
Khariton Laptev with his associates conducted research on the northern section coast of Siberia. It was he who determined the size and shape of the huge Taimyr Peninsula - he surveyed its eastern coast, was able to identify the exact coordinates offshore islands. The expedition took place in difficult conditions - a large number of ice, snowstorms, scurvy, ice captivity - Khariton Laptev's team had to endure a lot. But they continued the work they had begun. On this expedition, Laptev's assistant Chelyuskin discovered the cape, which was later named after him.
Noting the great contribution of the Laptevs to the development of new territories, members of the Russian geographical society decided to name one of them after them. largest seas Arctic. Also, the strait between the mainland and Bolshoi Lyakhovsky Island is named after Dmitry, and the western coast of Taimyr Island bears the name of Khariton.
Kruzenshtern and Lisyansky - organizers of the first Russian circumnavigation
Ivan Kruzenshtern and Yuri Lisyansky are the first Russian navigators to circumnavigate the world. Their expedition lasted three years (started in 1803 and ended in 1806). They set off with their teams on two ships, which bore the names "Nadezhda" and "Neva". Travelers passed through Atlantic Ocean entered the waters Pacific Ocean. On them the sailors sailed to Kuril Islands, Kamchatka and Sakhalin.
Ivan Kruzenshtern
This journey made it possible to collect important information. Based on the data obtained by navigators, a detailed map Pacific Ocean. Another important outcome of the first Russian round the world expedition data obtained on the flora and fauna of the Kuriles and Kamchatka, local residents their customs and cultural traditions.
During their journey, the sailors crossed the equator and, according to maritime traditions, could not leave this event without a well-known ritual - a sailor dressed as Neptune greeted Krusenstern and asked why his ship arrived where the Russian flag had never been. To which he received the answer that they are here solely for the glory and development of domestic science.
Vasily Golovnin - the first navigator who was rescued from Japanese captivity
Russian navigator Vasily Golovnin led two round-the-world expeditions. In 1806, being in the rank of lieutenant, he received a new appointment and became the commander of the sloop "Diana". Interestingly, this is the only case in the history of the Russian fleet when a lieutenant was entrusted with the management of a ship.
The leadership set the goal of a round-the-world expedition to study the northern part of the Pacific Ocean, with special attention to that part of it that is within the borders of the native country. The path of "Diana" was not easy. The sloop passed the island of Tristan da Cunha, passed the Cape of Hope and entered the port, which belonged to the British. Here the ship was detained by the authorities. The British informed Golovnin about the outbreak of war between the two countries. The Russian ship was not declared captured, but the crew was not allowed to leave the bay either. After spending more than a year in this position, in mid-May 1809, the Diana, led by Golovnin, tried to escape, which the sailors successfully succeeded in - the ship arrived in Kamchatka.
Vasily Golovin
Golovnin received his next responsible task in 1811 - he was supposed to compile descriptions of the Shantar and Kuril Islands, the shores of the Tatar Strait. During his journey, he was accused of not adhering to the principles of sakoku and was captured by the Japanese for more than 2 years. It was possible to rescue the crew from captivity only thanks to the good relations of one of the Russian naval officers and an influential Japanese merchant, who was able to convince his government of the harmless intentions of the Russians. It is worth noting that no one in history has ever returned from Japanese captivity before.
In 1817-1819, Vasily Mikhailovich made another round-the-world trip on the Kamchatka ship specially built for this.
Thaddeus Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev - discoverers of Antarctica
Captain of the second rank Thaddeus Bellingshausen was determined to find the truth about the existence of the sixth continent. In 1819, he went to the open sea, having carefully prepared two sloops - Mirny and Vostok. The latter was commanded by his associate Mikhail Lazarev. First circumnavigation antarctic expedition set itself other tasks. In addition to finding irrefutable facts confirming or refuting the existence of Antarctica, the travelers were going to explore the waters of three oceans - the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian.
Thaddeus Bellingshausen
The results of this expedition exceeded all expectations. During the 751 days that it lasted, Bellingshausen and Lazarev were able to make several significant geographical discoveries. Of course, the most important of them is the existence of Antarctica, it is historical event happened on January 28, 1820. Also during the trip, about two dozen islands were found and mapped, sketches were created with views of Antarctica, images of representatives of the Antarctic fauna.
Mikhail Lazarev
Interestingly, attempts to discover Antarctica were made more than once, but none of them were successful. European navigators believed that either it did not exist, or it was located in places that simply could not be reached by sea. But the Russian travelers had enough perseverance and determination, so the names of Bellingshausen and Lazarev are included in the lists the greatest sailors peace.
1. Cape Litke - located on the northwest coast of the island New Earth. Named in 1913 by members of the expedition of G. Ya. Sedov in honor of F. P. Litke.
Litke Strait- is located in the south - western part of the Bering Sea in the Karaginsky Bay between the Kamchatka Peninsula and the Karaginsky skeleton.
Litke Fedor Petrovich (1797-1882)- admiral, circumnavigator, one of the initiators of the creation of the Russian Geographical Society and its first leader, president Russian Academy Sciences, explorer of Novaya Zemlya, Polynesia, northern shores Pacific Ocean. Litke's name adorns the map in 17 places. In 1872, the Litke Gold Medal was established, awarded for outstanding work in the field of geography.
2. Borzov Bay - located in the Barents Sea off the northwestern coast northern island The Novaya Zemlya archipelago juts out into the land between the Litke and Pankratiev straits. Examined in 913 by G. Ya. Sedov. He also named the Gulf of Tsesarevich Alexei. In 1946, it was renamed by the expedition of the Aerogeodesic Administration in honor of A. A. Borzov. A volcano in the Kuriles is named in his honor, glaciers in Eastern Siberia, Subpolar Urals, on Novaya Zemlya.
Borzov Alexander Alexandrovich (1874-1939)- a prominent geographer and teacher of higher education, a student of D. N. Anuchin, his successor and head of the Moscow School of Geographers, one of the organizers of the geographical departments at Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow State Pedagogical Institute (MPGU), head of the department of geography at MIIGAiK, editor of the well-known journal "Earth Science" .
3. Pakhtusov Island – main island in a group of islands of the same name located in the Kara Sea near east coast archipelago Novaya Zemlya. Approximately 21 sq. km, rocky, uneven surface with steeply ending banks up to 50 m. It was discovered in 1835 by members of the expedition on the schooner "Krotov" and named in 1934 in honor of P.K. Pakhtusov. Banks in the Kara and Barents Seas, a mountain on Svalbard, a nunatak in Antarctica, a strait near Novaya Zemlya and islands in the Kara and Japan Seas are named after him.
Pakhtusov Petr Kuzmich (1800-1835)- Lieutenant of the corps of naval navigators, explorer of the Barents, Kara Seas and the Novaya Zemlya archipelago. Participated in hydrographic expeditions that made an inventory of the Barents Sea.
4. Sheep Strait - separates the islands of Oleniy and Sibiryakov, opens the passage to the Yenisei Bay Kara Sea, Named in 1895 by A. I. Velkitsky by the name of D. L. Ovtsyn.
Ovtsyn Dmitry Leontievich (dates of birth and death unknown)- Russian explorer, a member of the great Northern expedition, who described the shores of the Kara Sea. A cape on the Yamal Peninsula and a nunatak in Antarctica bear his name.
5. Sibiryakov Island - located in the Kara Sea, in the Yenisei Bay. Named in 1876 by A. E. Nordsheld in honor of a friend of A. M. Sibiryakov.
Sibiryakov Alexander Mikhailovich (1849-1933)- Russian entrepreneur, initiator of the development of the Great Northern way organizer of many expeditions. The ship "Sibiryakov" is named after him, famous for its drift in the Arctic Ocean and who died in an unequal battle with the German cruiser "Admiral Shire" on 08/25/1942. In honor of the Siberians, a bank in the Barents Sea and irrigation in the Kara Sea are named.
6. Ushakov Island - located in the northern part of the Kara Sea. It was discovered in 1935 by the GUSMP expedition on the icebreaking steamer Sadko. At the same time, at the suggestion of N. N. Zubov, who later became a prominent polar explorer, he was named after the leader of the expedition, G. A. Ushakov.
Ushakov Georgy Alekseevich (1901-1963)is a well-known polar explorer. Member of the expeditions of V. K. Arseniev in the Ussuri taiga, in the years civil war ruled the Wrangel and Herold Islands. In the 1930s, he participated in mapping the coast of Severnaya Zemlya, which had been started by the hydrographic expedition of the Arctic Ocean in 1910-1915. Two capes and mountains in Antarctica are also named after him.
7. Schmidt Island - located in the Kara Sea near Severnaya Zemlya. It was discovered in 1930 by an expedition on board the icebreaking ship "Georgy Sedov" under the leadership of O. Yu. Schmidt. Then he was named after the name of the head.
Cape Schmidt- is located on the northern coast of the Chukotka Peninsula, at the eastern entrance to the Long Strait.
Schmidt Otto Yulievich (1891-1956)- Soviet mathematician, Arctic explorer, academician. Head of several polar expeditions aimed at opening the Northern sea route and exploration of the Central Arctic. In 1929-1930 he led an expedition on the Georgy Sedov, in 1932 on the Sibiryakov, in 1933-1934 on the Chelyuskin. Prepared and organized with ID Papanin research at station SP-1.
8. Cape Berga - is located on the northeast coast of the island of the October Revolution of the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago.
Volcano Berga- is located on the island of Urup in the group of the Kuril Islands. The name of Berg was given to a peak and a glacier in the Pamirs, a cape on Severnaya Zemlya, a glacier in the Dzungarian Alatau. Berg's name is also included in the Latin names of more than 60 animals and plants.
Berg Lev Semenovich (1876-1950)- the largest geographer-country expert, biologist, limnologist, climatologist, historian - geographer. It is difficult to name any of the geographical disciplines, the most important issues of which would not have received deep and original development in his works. Berg is one of the organizers of the Faculty of Geography of the Leningrad (St. Petersburg) University. Since 1940 - President of the Geographical Society of the USSR.
9. Shokalsky Strait - located in the Kara Sea near Severnaya Zemlya. In 1931, the Ushakov-Urvantsev expedition established that this was the strait, behind which the name given by the discoverers by the name of Yu. M. Shokalsky was left.
Shokalsky Island- the first is located in the Kara Sea near the Gulf of Ob. Opened in 1874 by the English captain D. Wiggins, he named Cherny Island. In 1922, the members of the Kom sowing sea route expedition on the Agnes schooner named it after the Agnes ship. In 1926, the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee named him by the name of Yu. M. Shokalsky. The second island is located in the Barents Sea. It was surveyed in 1902 by a hydrographic expedition on the Pakhtusov steamer.
Shokalsky Yuri Mikhailovich (1856-1940)- an outstanding geographer, oceanographer and cartographer, president of the Geographical Society, honorary member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, professor at the Naval Academy and Leningrad University. He created the most famous oceanographic school with more than 2000 students. For 60 years of scientific work, he created many works, among which his "Oceanography" (1974) gained world fame. Well known textbook Physiography"(1930). More than a dozen geographical objects are named in his honor: two islands, a strait, a current, a ridge, a cape, a bank, a glacier and an underwater ridge, as well as an oceanographic vessel.
10. Vilkitsky Strait - connects the Kara Sea and the Laptev Sea. It separates the Taimyr Peninsula and the Bolshevik Island in the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago. Named in 1914.
Vilkitsky Boris Andreevich (1885-1961) -Russian naval officer, Arctic explorer. Led a geographical expedition on the icebreakers "Taimyr" and "Vaigach". The strait between Cape Chelyuskin and the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago is named after him.
11. Cape Chelyuskin - the extreme northern tip of Asia, located on the Taimyr Peninsula, juts out into the Kara Sea. The Vilkitsky Strait was discovered and mapped in 1742 by midshipman Semyon Ivanovich Chelyuskin (Chelyustkin). At the suggestion of A.F. Meddendorf in 1843, the cape was named after the discoverer. The islands in the Taimyr Bay and the Kara Sea, the peninsula in Taimyr, as well as the legendary steamship Chelyuskin, which sank in the ice, also bear his name. A peninsula in Antarctica and a mountain on Sakhalin Island are also named in honor of the heroic Chelyuskinites.
Chelyuskin Semyon Ivanovich (dates of birth and death unknown)- Russian naval officer, member of the Great Northern Expedition. He surveyed the western coast of the Taimyr Peninsula, on August 1, 1742, he was able to map the northern tip of Asia - the historical Promontorium Tobin, later called Cape Chelyuskin.
12. Laptev Sea - the marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean, bounded from the west by the eastern shores of the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago and the Taimyr Peninsula, from the east - by the meridian of 139 ° east longitude from the edge of the continental shelf to the northern tip of Kotelny Island, the western one of the Lyakhovsky Islands.
Shore of Khariton Laptev- a narrow coastal strip along the northwestern coast of the Taimyr Peninsula between the Pyasina and Taimyr rivers.
Strait of Dmitry Laptev- connects the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea. Separates Bolshoi Lyakhovsky Island from north coast Asia.
Laptev, Khariton Prokofievich and Dmitry Yakovlevich (XVIII century) -cousins. Members of the Great Northern Expedition, who explored the Siberian coast of the Arctic Ocean, a sea in the north of our country is named after them. In honor of Dmitry Laptev, the strait between the mainland and Bolshoy Lyakhovsky Island, a cape in the delta of the Lena River and a cape at the mouth of the Kolyma River are named. In honor of Khariton Laptev, the coast between the mouths of the Pyasina and Nizhnyaya Pyasina rivers and two capes were named.
13. Sannikov Strait - connects the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea, separates the Lyakhovsky Islands and the Anzhu Island. It was opened in 1773 by the Yakut industrialist I. Lyakhov. In 1902, he was named a member of the RPE in 1900-1903 by F. A. Matisen by the name of the expedition doctor Viktor Nikolaevich by the Katin-Yartsev Strait. Apparently, in 1909, K. A. Vollosovich named it in honor of one of the first explorers of the New Siberian Islands, the Yakov Sannikov Strait. In 1935 this name was legalized.
Sannikov Yakov (dates of birth and death unknown)- Russian explorer, Yakut merchant, engaged in fishing on the coast of the Arctic Ocean. Described the island of Stolbovoy and Faddeevsky. Participating in the expedition of M. M. Gedeshtrom in 1810-1811, he saw the Earth to the north of the island, which was called the Sannikov Land. Subsequently, many expeditions went in search of this Earth, but it was not discovered. A river is also named after him. New Siberian Islands, which received this name in 1811.
14. City of Bilibino - an urban-type settlement in Chukotka.
Bilibin Yuri Alexandrovich (1901-1952)- Russian geologist, corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Participant in the discovery of gold-bearing regions in the north-east of Russia. The nuclear power plant in Chukotka is also named after him.
15. Bering Strait - connects Pacific and Northern arctic oceans, separates the Chukotka Peninsula in the Eurasian continent and the Alaska Peninsula in North America.
Bering Island- is located in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean as part of the Commander Islands to the east of Kamchatka.
Bering Sea- located in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean off the coast northeast coast Asia and northwestern North America.
Bering Vitus (1703-1741)- Danish naval officer in Russian service, explorer of Asia, one of the leaders of the Great Northern Expedition (1733-1743), discovered the coast of Alaska. He died on the island later named after him.
16. Shelikhov Bay(Penzhinsky)- northeastern part of the Sea of Okhotsk.
City of Shelikhov– since 1962 the city in Irkutsk region, railroad station. About a dozen objects are named after him, in particular, islands off the coast of North America, a strait in the same place, a cape, a lake, a mountain, and a bank.
Shelikhov Georgy Ivanovich (1747-1795)- Russian merchant, founder of the first Russian settlements in the so-called Russian America. Spent significant geographical research. On the basis of the settlement of Shelikhov in 1799, the Russian-American Company was formed. For his tireless work, he was called the Russian Columbus.
17. Nagaev Bay - in the northern part Sea of Okhotsk, in the Taui Bay West Bank the Staritsky peninsula.
Nagaev Alexey Ivanovich (1704-1781)- Admiral, navigator, cartographer, hydrographer, explorer of the Caspian and Baltic Seas. Produced an inventory of the Caspian Sea, and then Gulf of Finland. Compiled navigation maps of Vitus Bering, compiled and corrected maps Baltic Sea used by sailors of the Baltic fleet for 60 years. Commanded the port in Kronstadt. He collected materials on the history of the Russian fleet, used in the 19th century by V. Berkh. Based on the materials of the expedition of the second half of the 18th century, he compiled a general map of the Caspian Sea, published after his death in 1796.
18. Atlasov Island - located in the Sea of Okhotsk, the northern one in the group of the Kuril Islands.
Atlasov (Otlasov) Vladimir Vasilievich (Timofeevich) (circa 1652-1711)- Russian explorer, the first explorer of Kamchatka. The Atlasovka River on Sakhalin Island, which flows into the Aniva Bay of the Sea of Okhotsk, also bears his name.
19. Cape Przhevalsky - is located on the southern Kuril island of Iturup in the Sea of Okhotsk. The name of Przhevalsky was given to the city near which he died at the beginning of his last trip, and a number of other geographic features.
Przhevalsky Nikolai Mikhailovich (1839-1888)- outstanding explorer Central Asia. He surveyed more than 30,000 km of his path, astronomically determined hundreds of heights, collected the richest material on the relief, climate, flora and fauna of Mongolia, Northern and Western China, the Tibetan Plateau and the Ussuri Territory. Based on the materials of his five travels, detailed scientific reports were published, written in excellent literary language, which served as a model for subsequent expeditionary research by Russian travelers.
20. Cape Dokuchaev - is located on one of the southern Kuril Islands Kunashir near the Nemuro Strait in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean. His name was given to the Institute of Soil Science of the Academy of Sciences, on the map a cape and the main watershed ridge on Kunashir Island in the Kuril Archipelago are named after him.
Dokuchaev Vasily Vasilyevich (1846-1903)- a great Russian scientist, natural geographer, soil scientist, geologist and mineralogist. He founded modern scientific soil science, completed the creation of the doctrine of latitudinal and high-altitude natural zones.
21. Kropotkin Ridge - located on the Olekminsky-Vitim plateau. Altitude up to 1647 m - Korolenko char. It is composed of crystalline rocks, granites. Discovered by geologist A. A. Voznesensky, explorer of East Asia.
City of Kropotkin- is in Krasnodar Territory, arose as a Romanovsky farm. Named after V. A. Kropotkin.
Kropotkin Petr Alekseevich (1842-1921)- geographer and geomorphologist, one of the founders of Quaternary paleogeography, creator of the doctrine of ancient continental glaciation, researcher of Siberia and the Amur region, author of numerous articles on the geography of Russia. At the same time, he was an outstanding social and political figure, a revolutionary theorist of anarchism.
