What is the most famous Dagestan. Beautiful places of Dagestan

The sights of Dagestan have long attracted the attention of tourists from all over the world. This region has long been known for its beautiful landscapes, rich history, authentic culture. In this article, we will talk about beautiful places mountain republic that deserve the attention of every traveler.

Makhachkala is the capital of the republic, one of the most big cities Russia. The first thing that attracts the attention of travelers here is the Central Juma Mosque. It was built in the second half of the 20th century. and has since become one of the largest in Europe. Today, construction work is underway in the building in order to expand the complex. But despite this, the Juma Mosque still attracts tourists from all over the world. Its interior is striking in its beauty. The walls of the mosque are painted with abstract, geometric and floral designs and excerpts from the Koran.

Holy Dormition Cathedral- Another unique religious building. It was founded in 1906. A century later, the cathedral was repainted by a group of the most famous local masters.

The city has many interesting theaters and museums. Among them special place occupies the Kumyk Music and Drama Theater named after A.P. Salavatov. It was founded and named after the father of Dagestan drama.

Naryn-Kala fortress

Speaking about the sights of the Republic of Dagestan, the first thing to note famous fortress Naryn-Kala, located in Derbent. It was erected in the VI century. Khosrov I. In ancient times, this fortress was the central one in a huge fortification complex. She defended the Derbent passage from the invasion of enemies from the north. The walls of the fortress, the length of which was about 700 m, were reinforced with towers. Today, on the territory of the Naryn-Kala monument, you can see the remains of buildings from different eras: the khan's office, the ruins of the Shah's palace of the 18th century, the guardhouse, the madrasah of the 15th century, the Christian temple (which was later rebuilt into a church of fire worshipers, and then into a mosque) and much more.

Fortress Cala Koreis

Cala Koreis - unique monument who played a significant role in the life of the peoples of the republic. Today this fortress, like other ancient sights of Dagestan, is a popular tourist route. Kara-Koreish is located near the modern village of Urkarakh. According to legend, the fortress was built by natives of the Koreish tribe, from where the prophet Mohammed originated. Over time, the settlement of Kala-Koreish became the center of the spread of Islam in the North Caucasus.

Today it is quite difficult to get to the fortress. It is located at the confluence of five rivers on top of a mountain. The path to the fortress lies on a narrow mountain path.

Khuchninsky fortress

The Khuchninsky fortress is located on the top of a mountain near the Rubas River. Its construction was due to the need to protect Tabasaran and Derbent from attacks by peoples living beyond the mountains. From time immemorial, the settlement of Khuchni has been the most important point on the way to Derbent. That is why here in the VI century. a great fortress was erected, the remains of which have survived to this day.

Battle and watchtowers

In many regions of Nagorny Dagestan, ancient battle and watchtowers have been preserved. Since ancient times, this region has been subjected to constant raids by nomads from the north. That is why tower architecture reached its peak in Dagestan. Protective structures were erected in compliance with clear proportions. During their construction, the need to control all key roads and passes was taken into account. The most ancient structures that have survived to this day are the battle tower in Itzari, the watchtower in Korode and several signal towers near Tindinagh and Khushtad.

Samur forest

Natural attractions of Dagestan stand out against the background of ancient architectural monuments. Among them, the Samur forest occupies a special place. This is a unique subtropical liana massif. There are amazing giant trees, unusual animals and plants. In addition, the coast of the Samur River, at the mouth of which there is a liana forest, is a favorite vacation spot for tourists from all over Russia.

Barkhan Sary-Kum

To the north of the capital of Dagestan is the largest sand dune on the mainland called Sary-Kum. This is a unique piece of desert among mountain ranges and rivers. It is worth noting that the flora and fauna here are also unusual. More than 300 species of desert plants grow on the territory of the dune.

Tobot waterfall

This waterfall is one of the most beautiful places in Nagorno-Dagestan. It is located on the Khunzakh plateau and originates from the small river Tobot. Not far from the village of Arani, water falls to the bottom of the canyon, forming a water cloud. This place is worth a visit in May-June, when the snow melts and the waterfall becomes amazingly beautiful and powerful.

Dagestan- a republic whose territory is strewn with unique and colorful traditions, ancient crafts and is famous for its exquisite dry wine. Until today, Dagestan has preserved many villages, the inhabitants of which do not change centuries old traditions their ancestors and proudly pass them on from generation to generation. There is a lot to see in this republic. Among the huge number of attractions you will find unique ancient mosques, ancient fortresses and many other monuments.

The location of Dagestan allows it to be called "paradise" for tourists. After all, the proud and chic bays of the beaches of the Caspian Lake are simply impressive. Only here in one day you can ski on one of the ski slopes and relax on the Caspian coast. Fans of something original and colorful should get acquainted with Caucasian traditions and see unique sights, short review which we will now go through.

Did you know that ... on the territory of the Republic of Dagestan, there are more than 8 thousand monuments under protection.

Architectural monuments

Traveling in the Caucasus, first of all, you will be delighted with the abundant number of unique ancient structures.

• Naryn-Kala Fortress (Derbent). Derbent is a fortress city, which is not only the most ancient in all of Russia, but also one of the oldest cities in the whole world. It is here on the mountain above Derbent that one of the main attractions of the Caucasus, the Naryn-Kala fortress, is located. The citadel was built in the VI century, and its name means "Sun Gate". Like many other Naryn-Kala fortresses, it was built for defensive purposes. Despite its antiquity, the citadel has perfectly preserved to this day.

Did you know that ... the sea part of the wall goes into the sea for as much as 500 m! The area of ​​the fortress reaches 4.5 hectares. There is evidence that its construction took 7 times more material than the pyramid of Cheops in Egypt!

• cala koreys. This is a unique village in the Dakhadaevsky district, whose houses are located at an altitude of more than 1000 m above sea level and were built in the 7th century. It was possible to get to the village along one steep mountain path. To date, only 1 resident lives in Cala Koreys, who is doing his best to restore and maintain the unique structures of ancient houses in the hope that life will return to the village again.
• "Fortress of seven brothers and one sister" (Kharba Guran). The fortress dates back to the 17th century. The method of building Harba Guran is much different from the usual appearance of other fortresses. The walls are built of brick, but the towers themselves are made of raw rock. According to legend, the fortress was guarded by 7 brothers, whom no one could defeat. But one day the sister of the heroes fell in love with the leader of the enemies. She waited for the night and spoiled all the weapons for the soldiers. While trying to escape into the forest, she was caught by her brothers, who threw stones at her.

Did you know that ... there is a tradition for men to throw 7 stones on the hill of the fortress, and for women - 1 stone. Thus, men show their contempt for the sister of the heroes, and women show their compassion for her.

Also among the architectural heritage of the Caucasus worth a visit:

• Gunib fortress;
• Itsarinsky tower;

• Mosque "Heart of Chechnya"(Grozny);
• Akhtynskaya fortress and etc.

natural attractions

• Barkhan Sary-Kum. Sary-Kum is the largest sand dune in all of Eurasia. Its height reaches 262 m. Seeing the dune for the first time, one gets the impression that it was torn off from the Sahara desert and transferred to Dagestan. And at the foot of Sary-Kum, the flora is excellently developed, more than 300 species of various rare plants have been registered there.
• Samur Forest Reserve. This is the only subtropical liana forest that attracts tourists and does not leave them without vivid impressions. The entire reserve receives the moisture it needs not from precipitation, but from underground sources. Previously, some species of trees and birds of the forest were sacred, and any harm done to the plant was punished. But apart from their unique flora and fauna The Samur Forest will also surprise you with a whole network of small lakes.
• Akhtynsky mineral springs . Mineral springs in the village of Akhty are little known to tourists, but are highly valued and popular among local residents. The temperature of the waters in the source, depending on the season, ranges from 30º-40º to 60º. And in the sources of Zheni-Yad and Khemar, you can improve your health. They have shown themselves excellently in the prevention of lung diseases, gastrointestinal tract, joints and skin.

Barkhan Sary-Kum
The wonders of nature of the Dagestan region do not end there. Be sure to visit at least one of these places when traveling in this region:

• Mount Izbergtau(Pushkin-tau);
• lake Kozenoy-Am(Vedeno district);

• Karabudakhkent caves;
• Tobot waterfall(Khunzakhsky district);
• Sulak Canyon.

Shrines of Dagestan

Church of the Holy All-Savior (Derbent). It was erected on the site of an Armenian chapel in the beginning. XIX century. During civil war the building of the shrine was damaged by bullets and shelling, but local authority restored it and brought it back to its original state. To date, the temple does not work, and inside it there is a museum of "Carpet and decorative and applied arts."

Important!

Address: Derbent, st. Kazi-Magomed, 7.

Holy Sign Cathedral (Khasavyurt). This cathedral is the largest Orthodox church on the North. The shrine was erected in the beginning. XX century Terek Cossacks. The temple was valid until 1939, after which it was closed and given over to a fuel and lubricants warehouse. After a fire in 1943, the temple resumed its work and services began to be held in it. Before closing, the interior of the cathedral was decorated with unique moldings and paintings. Unfortunately, after the fire, all the rich atmosphere of the temple was destroyed.

Do not ignore other holy places of Dagestan:

• Church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos;
• Kumukh Juma Mosque and etc.

Museums and monuments of Dagestan

The Museum Fund of Dagestan will please with its abundance. Be sure to visit the following museums in this Caucasian region:

• Kizlyarsky local history museum them. P. I. Bagration;
• museum of carpets and arts and crafts in Derbent;

• Dagestan Museum fine arts(Makhachkala);
• house of Peter I (Derbent);
• cultural and historical complex "Akhulgo" and etc.

Museum of Carpets and Decorative and Applied Arts
On the territory of the republic is a large number of various monuments. The most popular of them are:

• monument to Russian teacher(Makhachkala);
• obelisk-monument "Grieving mother"(Kaspiysk);

• monument to S. M. Kirov(Makhachkala);
• monument to Rasul Gamzatov(Makhachkala), etc.

Monument to Russian teacher

Video clip about the beauty of Dagestan and its nature

fabulous Beautiful Dagestan. Video about the beauty of Dagestan, you will see some of the most beautiful places in Dagestan. Enjoy watching!

What to see in Dagestan with children?

Holidays with children should be thought out to the smallest detail. So, first of all, we recommend that you make a list of places that will be of interest not only to you, but also to your children.

1. If your family loves leisure in nature, then a must-visit Tarki-Tau mountains(Makhachkala) and Pushkin-tau.
2. Also take a look at the unique natural monument aeolian city in the Khiva region.
3. Today in Dagestan there is a large number of sanatoriums and recreation centers where you can have a great time with your kids. Some of them even contain springs that will help improve health. Such resort areas excursions to the main attractions of Dagestan are provided.
4. Get positive emotions you can visit water park Izberbash. By the way, in Izberbash very good beaches which are covered with fine-grained sand. They are equipped with shady awnings, changing rooms and showers in which thermal water from local sources.

If you prefer to relax in historical sights, like to learn the secrets and legends of ancient buildings, then visit at least a few fortresses from this list:

• Naryn-Kalu in Derbent;
• Gunib fortress;
• Akhtynskaya in Makhachkala and etc.

Dagestan is a republic with a wealthy cultural heritage. Here, every tourist is a guest, and such a sincere atmosphere is especially impressive. You will undoubtedly be amazed by the amazing traditional crafts of the Dagestan residents. Namely: carpets with incredible patterns, amazing pottery. Do not refuse to enjoy traditional dishes Dagestan, namely: try urbech, khinkali, Avar miracle and kurze. Dagestan will happily meet every tourist and open its own wonderful world With deep history and age-old traditions.

Dagestan is a unique and amazing republic. Everything is here: the sea, raging rivers and waterfalls, plains and steppes, tall picturesque mountains ancient architectural structures. In addition, Dagestan is the most multinational republic in Russia, in which representatives of over 50 nationalities coexist peacefully. The most comfortable way to get to it is by plane, the cost of air tickets to Makhachkala starts from 1990 rubles (one way). Let's now move on to the sights.

Shalbuzdag- one of the most important tourist and religious attractions of South Dagestan, which is also one of the the highest peaks southeastern part of the Main Caucasian ridge. It is associated with many beliefs and legends. It is impossible to feel all the greatness of Mount Shalbuzdag from photographs, it must be seen! Climbing to the top you will see 6 significant places mountains: the sanctuary of Suleiman, golden Erenler, Mountain Lake Zem-Zem, “Place for making wishes”, “Sinometer” - a narrow passage between two rocks, which, according to legend, clamps sinners and, finally, the Erenler feast. Places of shrines and historical sights attract Muslim pilgrims and tourists here, and diverse flora and fauna attract nature lovers and scientific researchers.

Saltinskaya gorge is an amazing natural monument and has been under state protection since 1983. At the entrance to the gorge is located picturesque waterfall, after which the gorge passes into the grotto. The most beautiful waterfall falling from a twenty-meter height, which is also called underground. It is formed from a river with a very beautiful name"Saltinka". The Salta gorge is unique for its natural tunnels through which this river flows. Today it is one of the most beautiful places in Dagestan.

In the Gunibsky district of Dagestan, on the crest of Mount Gamsutlmeer, there is a beautiful Avar village Gamsutl. Many years ago, in its place was a large Avar settlement, carved from the rocks, self-sufficient and invulnerable to conquerors. In the village were kindergarten, school, clinic and even a maternity hospital. Today, not a single inhabitant remains in the village. In the buildings of Gamsutl, time has long stopped, and instead of a roof over your head, there is only a blue sky. Picturesque mountain scenery And ancient buildings surprise and amaze, make you think about the meaning of life and allow you to travel back several centuries.

The unique natural monument of Dagestan - miraculous bridge over the gorge near the village of Kuzhnik, Tabasaran region. A hundred-meter stone arch, about 6 meters wide, stretched over mountain valley about 50 meters and looks very picturesque. In essence, this is a sandstone layer that has broken away from the main massif.

True, local residents consider this place sacred and do not approve of walking along it. Thanks to these rigor, the amazing arch has survived so well. In addition, walking along the rock would be quite dangerous, and to admire it and make beautiful pictures possible from afar.

Sarykum - majestic sandy mountain with total area 600 hectares and a height of 262 meters. This natural monument is the only one not only in Russia, but throughout Eurasia. Barkhan Sarykum is called a fragment of Asian deserts, surrounded by steppes.

Scientists have established that Sarykum is several hundred thousand years old. Huge masses of sand, of which it is composed, are the products of weathering of the sandstones of the surrounding mountains and the deposition of ancient Caspian terraces. Sarykum has four peaks, which change their shape after each storm. The base of the dune itself remains motionless, only the ridges move at the behest of the winds.

The flora of Sarykum is of particular interest. Along with representatives of the desert at the foot of the mountain, there are whole thickets of reeds and such moisture-loving trees as willow, poplar, and acacia.

We talked about 5 interesting places Dagestan, but believe there are many more of them: Karabudakhkent caves, Tobot waterfall, Mineral springs of Dagestan, Sulak canyon, Samur liana forest, Aeolian city, Karadakh gorge, Naryn-kala fortress. But we will definitely tell you about them next time!

The Republic of Dagestan, located at the southwestern borders of Russia, is more similar to the state of Western Asia than to the average Russian subject of the Federation. Oriental bazaars, women in headscarves, the architecture of past eras - this and much more gives a spicy flavor to the "Land of Mountains". And if fate gives you the opportunity to visit Dagestan, I strongly recommend looking for a Tabasaran carpet as a souvenir, silver products world-famous Kubachi masters, shepherd's hat, cognac, and from delicious -.

Tabasaran carpet

Kubachi souvenirs

Shepherd's hat

Dagestan cognac

Green walnut jam

Modern Dagestan. Five souvenirs to bring from Dagestan

Tabasaran carpet

Tabasaransky district is located in the mountains of Southern Dagestan, the main craft of which from time immemorial has been carpet weaving. Extensive pastures, a wonderful climate, an abundance of wool contributed to its development. As a rule, from two to five craftswomen sat down at the carpet weaving machine, and the girls were accustomed to this from the age of five! It is noteworthy that the traditions of the Tabasaran carpet live for several centuries. It takes two to three months to make a carpet. The skills and secrets of carpet weaving art were passed down from generation to generation. For her daughter's dowry, the mother wove several carpets, and the bride herself had to weave one. Enter a Dagestan house and you will see a whole collection of various carpets. They are extremely durable, "live" up to 400 years, and Persian ones up to 150.

Kubachi souvenirs

A miracle that came to us from time immemorial. Kubachi - a village in the south of Dagestan, in the V-XV centuries. was the center of the Zirikhgeran region (Persian "zirichgeran" - chain mail). The main craft of the Kubachins is the artistic processing of metals: the manufacture of weapons, daggers, military armor, women's jewelry and utensils. The hands of the Kubachins belong to the two-horned helmet of Alexander the Great, the shield of Alexander Nevsky, the saber of Nadir Shah. In any home, a silver water jug ​​is a common thing. Kunatskaya - a guest room - is a small museum. Now goldsmiths mostly work in the jewelry direction, make dishes, souvenir weapons. Their technique is varied, combining engraving with blackening, shotting, chasing, filigree and carving.

Shepherd's hat

Shepherd or Caucasian, and simply folk hat has become popular in the Caucasus due to practicality, durability, low sewing costs. The hat has always emphasized the masculinity and militancy of the owner.
Returning from a trip to Dagestan with a hat, you will be known as a person who follows fashion. After all, for the last couple of winters, the hat has been in the trend of the ethnic fashion direction.

Dagestan cognac

Dagestan cognac is widely famous. There are two cognac factory- in Derbent and Kizlyar. For centuries, vineyards have been cultivated in these parts, which have been replenished with the best European varieties. The raw material for the future cognac - cognac spirit - is aged in barrels made from local Caucasian oak. A favorable climate, the hard work of more than one generation of winemakers and unique recipes have turned the fruits of local nature into a real masterpiece - a noble cognac. Moreover, some brands of cognac, due to their exquisite softness, can be appreciated by the beautiful half of humanity.

Green walnut jam

Like any eastern country, Dagestan is famous for its oriental sweets. No event is complete without a wide range of sweets. Judge for yourself: halva, chak-chak, shakerbura, mutaki, baklava, shaker-churek and much more. Well, you can taste all this while in the republic, and as a sweet souvenir, I advise you to take green walnut jam home. Do not be surprised, this jam is a delicacy. The technology of its preparation is quite complicated, the jam has to be cooked for a long time due to the bitterness of unripe fruits. They contain much more vitamins and minerals than regular walnuts. This product is especially useful for children, pregnant women and people in a stressful situation.

Dagestan has always attracted attention with the beauty of its nature and originality of culture. The republic is located at the crossroads of Asia and Europe, so it adopted the traditions and customs of these two. Rest here is a pleasure, because you don’t have to choose between the sea, mountains and forest, everything is here. Silence, tranquility, clean air contribute to relaxation. The sights of Dagestan will not let you get bored, so the time intended for rest will be spent fun and usefully.

It provides unique opportunities to get acquainted with the culture of one of the most ancient peoples, to look at architectural and belonging to different eras, to admire the local landscapes to your heart's content. Violent rivers, alpine villages, flowering meadows, clean beaches, The Caspian Sea - this is Dagestan. The Republic welcomes its guests very cordially, so do not be afraid of hostility from the locals, they are very hospitable and friendly.

For comfortable rest it is best to choose boarding houses or hotels located in Makhachkala. Sights of Makhachkala will not let you get bored, as this is one of the most picturesque cities in the Caucasus. A huge number of entertainment and cultural institutions, mountains, hot mineral springs, the sea will allow you not only to have a good rest, but also to improve your body. It is also worth visiting Derbent - the oldest Cultural Center republics. There is a favorable climate beautiful nature, many monuments of architecture and history. It was from here that the traditions of Islam, artistic crafts, art, and writing spread.

The main attractions of Dagestan are, of course, landscapes mountain peaks, dense forests, meadows and sea. You should definitely visit which is a real pearl of the southern part of the republic. This is the only liana subtropical forest in all of Russia. The grass here in places reaches the waist, at every step there are lianas. Equipped on the seashore great places for recreation, near the forest, clean spring water, beach.

The architectural sights of Dagestan should be looked for in the village of Kubachi. Rapid ledges, stone cascades of sakleys are somewhat reminiscent of a waterfall. In some places, the saklis grew together, creating a structure with several floors. Here you can get acquainted with the techniques of chasing and notching on precious stones. The most beautiful place is Gunib. It has a very mild climate, which is in no way inferior to Teberd, Davos or Abastumani. There are practically no winds, a lot of sun, clean air - all this has a beneficial effect on human health.

Tobot waterfall, Mount Addala, dune Sary-Kum, Aeolian city, Sulak Canyon, Mount Shalbuzdag - these are not all the sights of Dagestan. What are they worth beautiful beaches washed by the waters of the Caspian Sea, beautiful caves, fortresses built several centuries ago! In the republic, you can even find inscribed on stones in the 4th century BC. e. and preserved to this day. It is interesting for architecture lovers to look at watchtowers and battle towers. Since the people were constantly at war with someone, the buildings are scattered throughout the republic. A trip to Dagestan will remain in your memory for a long time, because there is something to do and see here.