Interesting places. Exotic tourism: types and directions

Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………....1

Chapter 1. exotic tourism in modern conditions.

1.1. Definition and history of exotic tourism………………...3

1.2.Geography of exotic tourism……………………………………….5

1.3.Exotic types of extreme tourism…………………….11

Chapter 2. Theoretical foundations of the organization and management of exotic tourism.

14

2.2.Sale of an exotic product……………………………………………..16

2.3. Ways to improve the work of a travel company. Ways to increase profits…………………………………………………………………….21

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………23

List of used literature…………………………………………….24

Introduction

The tourism industry occupies an important place in the economy of most countries. It accounts for up to 10% of the world's gross national product, 11% of world consumer spending. The number of tourist trips around the world is approaching 600 million, and according to the forecasts of the World Tourism Organization (WTO) by 2010 it will reach 937 million. The tourism industry has a huge material base, provides employment for millions of people and interacts with almost all sectors of the economy. In economics modern Russia tourism also occupies an important place. One of the priority tasks of the Federal Target Program "Development of Tourism in the Russian Federation" is the formation in Russia of a modern, highly qualified and competitive tourist complex.

Tourist service satisfies a whole range of diverse needs: transportation, food, accommodation, educational excursions, sports and recreational activities etc. During the program tours, it is proposed to meet the specific needs of treatment, business meetings, trips, etc. And all this is done by tourist organizations, they organize tourism and its development depends on their work, as well as on local authorities management and their assistance, promotion of tourism.

A travel company is a travel company of an agency-operator profile, which has its own specific organization of activities, which, like in any other company, depends on the goals and objectives of its activities. The goals and objectives of the travel agency are to create attractive tourism products that meet the needs of tourists, maintain supply at the level of demand, as well as maintain the competitiveness of the product.

Based on this, the entire cycle of functioning of a tourist enterprise can be divided into four important areas:

- Marketing research of the market, including the study of consumer demand;

- Development of a tourism product, consisting of the planning of tourism programs and their testing;

- Financial calculations, consisting of pricing, accounting and reporting policies, taxation, etc.;

- Development of the travel agency, including the introduction of new products, directions, diversification and integration.

All these areas are aimed at fulfilling the main functions of a tourist enterprise - high-quality service for tourists, gaining a permanent clientele and thereby ensuring a stable financial and competitive position in the market. tourism services as well as production and development. This work is carried out constantly and is a continuous cycle of activity of the tourist enterprise. And since the main product of a travel agency is a tour, we can say that the work of a tourist enterprise is a continuous cycle of productive and promising activities to create a high-quality tourist product - a tour, in this case, an exotic one.

Chapter 1. Exotic tourism in modern conditions.

Definition and history of exotic tourism.

At the present stage of the dynamic development of tourism, the high-paying consumer demand for tourism, which can be defined as exotic, is quite clearly and clearly manifested.

Exotic tourism has no specific differences, except for the features of the actual destination (country, region) of the visit, which, due to a number of characteristics of the attributes of the actual natural, racial, cultural attributes, can be classified as exotic. The very concept of "exotic" is very subjective and depends on individual characteristics (on the general level of knowledge and intelligence of the tourist himself, the region and environment of his residence, his religion and beliefs).

Exotic tourism is, first of all, a spectacle, unique in its characteristics, in general, generating positive emotions. Exotic cannot be permanent for a traveler and is typical for a short visit to an exotic destination, because permanent residence or a long stay in it already creates a habit and exotic loses its mysterious, unexplored charm.

The concept of exotic and exotic tourism is historically inherent in the peoples inhabiting the countries of the northern hemisphere, where the main massifs of continental land areas are located, is most likely used in the European region, and is applied to the range of conceptual groups that describe phenomena and objects that take place, primarily in geographically other regions, namely in the southern and eastern, remote and inaccessible in the past and visited only purposefully for recreation and familiarization with culture.

Exotic tourism is primarily associated with staying in an unusual, unfamiliar region (place) and is characterized precisely by this parameter, therefore, exotic tourism also includes the latest modern types of space tourism, underwater tourism, travel to disaster sites (extinct cities), unusual its novelty, rarity, exclusivity. This also includes visits to primitive tribes, jungles, caves, natural objects that captivate with their originality, visits to the North and South Poles, etc., there really are no limits to fantasy here. In general, exotic tourism is intertwined with adventure tourism. the latter is also associated with the stay of tourists in an attractive place for them, but also with their engagement in an unusual activity (hunting for bears in Siberia, salmon fishing in Kamchatka, searching for pirate treasures in the Caribbean Sea, etc.).

The concept of exotic tourism includes the multi-valued concept of exotic. Tourism is recreational, the main purpose of travel is to get acquainted with various aspects of culture, civilization, religion, nature in another country (travel for travel), tourism does not imply health, sports, business, scientific, ethnic, nostalgic and other purposes other than pleasure and cognitive purposes (excursion tourism), in this it is cardinally different from other types of tourism, it stands apart and is a privilege of the wealthy part of the population.

1.2. Geography of exotic tourism.

Geographical tourist regions traditionally classified as exotic should include: Eastern countries, countries Latin America, Africa, Oceania.

Africa - extremely interesting, very promising, but the most poorly developed tourist region. Among the factors favoring the development of tourism on this continent are the following:

- Proximity to Europe and Asia;

- warm weather and plenty of sun all year round;

- presence in many coastal areas of Africa beautiful beaches, on the basis of which you can create seaside resorts;

- diverse exotic nature, including unique fauna;

- the variety of cultural and historical attractions in North Africa;

Factors that hinder the development of tourism in Africa include:

- low economic level of most African countries;

- underdeveloped tourist infrastructure and transport network (to a greater extent this can be attributed to the Central African countries);

- unstable domestic political situation in a number of countries on the continent;

- lack of developed domestic tourism, which "paves the way" to the international one;

- the governments of a number of countries pay insufficient attention to the development of tourism;

- some regions of the continent are characterized by unfavorable climatic conditions (heat, dry winds, a long period of heavy precipitation).

In terms of the development of the placement fund, Africa is significantly inferior to Europe and North America. The placement fund has reached its greatest development in the countries of North Africa and South Africa, and its growth rates here are higher than in other countries of the continent.

Transportation is poorly developed. The highest density of the paved road network in the countries North Africa and South Africa, Morocco, Tunisia, Somalia. In countries located in the equatorial zone and adjacent territories, the use of dirt roads during the rainy season is not possible. However, the governments of many countries pay great attention to this problem, given that most tourists from Europe and America come by car or bus. The most popular mode of transport used by tourists while traveling in Africa at the moment is aviation.

A special form of maritime tourism - cruises - is developing quite successfully in the African region. Using a Mediterranean cruise, tourists can explore the countries of three parts of the world in one trip.

Seasonality here depends both on local climatic conditions, primarily the position of Africa in the northern and southern hemispheres, and on global trends in the seasonality of tourism. Due to its position in two hemispheres, Africa has broad prospects for the development of tourism throughout the year, alternating by months of receiving foreign guests, one or the other country.

duration of stay foreign tourists in African countries is different, but in general it is characterized by a rather long duration. Leading places in the flows that Africa receives are arrivals from the former metropolises.

The developed countries of North Africa (Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt), convenient, mastered in relation to the organization of tourism and accessible to mass tourists, and the countries of the historically active and accessible region of the Levant are the most famous and visited due to their geographical proximity to the main regions of tourism (Europe and America). The countries of the Middle East today are hardly accessible for tourism due to local conflicts or religious alienation.

Undoubtedly exotic in terms of tourism are the Central African states by their nature and picturesque world, they are attractive for tourists with safaris, Kilimanjaro and national parks, and these are just the main symbols. But the development of tourism here is very much hindered by the lack of a developed tourist infrastructure, and in the conditions of the Central African climate, the need for it is especially acute, now the Central African countries are the least visited by tourists on this continent.

Kenya is a Safari, a vacation on the coast of the Indian Ocean. National parks: Masai Mara, Nakuru, Amboseli, Tsavo, Aberdares, Lamu and others. Lodges from tourist to luxury class, portable campsites. Jeep safari, hot-air balloon. Hotels on the coast of all categories, including with a catering system All inclusive. Unique accommodation option: colonial houses on the ocean with all the servants. Restaurants with meat tastings of wild animals. Regular weekly group rides. Flights to both Nairobi and Mombasa. Cruises around the islands of the Indian Ocean from Mombasa.

Undoubtedly, South Africa, diverse in terms of climatic zones, landscapes, flora and fauna and tourist sites - “a hundred wonders in one bottle” - Sun City, Johannesburg, Praetoria, diamond mines, Kruger Park, Victoria Falls, fantastic in luxury "Blue Train" Blue Train, slowly crossing all climatic zones and delivering tourists to tourist sites.

The civilization of South Africa absorbed and combined the ancient exotic customs of Africans, the refined heritage of the Indo-Arab world and Newest technologies Europeans. Golden sands of tropical beaches, eternal snows dragon mountains, exotic reserves, the fabulous kingdom of the forests of the Cape Province and Natal attract tourists here. South Africa is one of the largest tourist centers on the African continent, so I would like to write more about it.

Johannesburg - "City of Gold". With a population of 6 million, it is the largest city south of the Sahara desert and is the center of South Africa's national economy. In the picturesque area of ​​Sandton (located north of Johannesburg) there are all the best hotels, as well as restaurants, shops, etc. Among the most interesting excursions from Johannesburg: Gold Reef City (an entertainment complex built around an old gold mining city. Here you can go down into the mine, see how gold bars are cast, ride the rides, watch traditional dances), the Lesedi cultural village, an excursion to Pretoria, the capital of South Africa, where you can see numerous architectural monuments (the house of the first president of the Transvaal Republic, the government building, a monument to Paul Kruger).

Cape Town - the city was founded in 1652 by Jean van Riebeek. Typically, a tour of Cape Town begins with a climb to the famous Table Mountain, continues with a visit to the South African Museum, Company Gardens, flower market, Castle of Good Hope (the oldest building in South Africa, the former base of the Dutch East India campaign, as well as a defensive fort for settlers, it is still the regional center of the South African military), as well as the central business district and the Malay Quarter. The end of the tour is at Victoria & Alfred Waterfront, an exclusive shopping center with over 250 stores, 40 restaurants, bars.

Cape of Good Hope - unique place in the south of the country, where the warm waters of the Indian Ocean and the cold waters of the Atlantic meet. Usually the tour begins with a visit to the Kirstenbosch botanical gardens, after which tourists have lunch at a seafood restaurant, visit False Bay, and take the funicular to the Cape of Good Hope. There is also a visit to an ostrich farm.

Sun City - located 200 km from Johannesburg. Sun City is fabulous city in the center of an ancient volcano. On the way, tourists will learn the legend of the "Lost City". The extraordinary beauty of the palace and wonderful palace parks were built here for the king of an ancient civilization, but everything was destroyed during a volcanic eruption. Centuries later, modern architects accurately recreated the picture of those days. Sun City offers a huge amount of entertainment: casinos, slot machines, tennis courts, Turkish baths, jacuzzi baths, etc. Waze Valley is one of the largest water attractions in the world, there is a huge waterfall, a pool with waves up to 1.8 meters, a beach with quartz sand ... Tourists can take a walk along the Bridge of Time, where an earthquake is simulated every hour, you can visit the Orchid Garden, where you can see 2 lakes and 20 waterfalls. You can relax in the Valley of the Waves.

Kruger National Park is one of the most famous and oldest parks in the world. Its southern part lies in the territory of the province of Mpumalanga, while the northern part lies in the Northern Province. Kruger Park is one of the top 10 national parks peace. Today, Kruger Park is the first among the 18 parks in South Africa, it is a leader in the field of ecotourism: every day dozens and even hundreds of people come here who want to get to know each other better. unique nature this continent and see animals, including the famous Big Five: lion, leopard, elephant, rhinoceros and buffalo. The territory of the park extends over 2 million hectares, surpassing all of Israel in area, 507 species of birds, 114 species of reptiles, etc. live here.

Kimberley - this city is the capital of the Northern Province and the "Diamond Capital" of the whole world. Kimberley began to develop around a big hole - a cut that was originally a small hill known as Kolsberg, where the first diamonds were found in 1971. From the observation deck, a cut 365 meters deep is clearly visible, covering an area of ​​15.5 hectares. In 1871-1914. manually, 25 million tons of soil were extracted from it and 14.5 million carats of diamonds were mined. Today Kimberley is a modern city with wide streets, magnificent parks and gardens, comfortable hotels. But its extraordinary history, its dramatic spirit of adventure, seems to be there to this day.

Durban - Durban's beaches stretch for tens of kilometers from Addington to country club and equipped with everything you need, including locker rooms, restaurants, lifeguards and even shark nets. Plenty Bay is especially popular with windsurfers. Even in winter (June-August), the water temperature does not drop below 17 degrees. The most luxurious hotels and apartments, the best beaches of Durban are located on the Golden Mile. Here, tourists can find all kinds of entertainment centers, swimming pools, amazing places for walking, decorated with exotic plants. At the service of children is a magnificent Luna Park with a full range of attractions. At the center of Durban's Golden Mile, the aquarium is connected by an underground tunnel to the Dolphinarium, where you can see a unique display of dolphins and fur seals.

Port Elizabeth - Port Elizabeth is located on the shores of Algoa Bay and is known as the "Friendly City". It is the fifth largest city in South Africa and the largest on the coast between Cape Town and Durban. It was here that the British built their new houses in a typical English style: small neat buildings. The forty-kilometer beaches of Algoa Bay are beautiful place for swimming, surfing, scuba diving and snorkelling. Tourists can visit St. George's Park, where the oldest cricket ground in Africa, Settlers Park, an opera, a museum complex, a monument to 1820 settlers, a market square, etc. are located. Bridge shopping center is also of interest - the largest shopping center in Africa, located "under one roof".

Namibia is one of the elite countries in the South African region, with fantastically rich natural resources and no less rich culture and wildlife. A huge sunny area with a diverse landscape: mountains, deserts, savannah, ocean panoramas. And also: the delights of modern Windhoek metropolitan life, the ancient rock paintings of Twyfelfontein, a colony of fur seals, flights over the mysterious Skeleton Coast, magnificent sunrises and sunsets in the desert, when sand dunes (the highest in the world) are painted in different shades: from beige to orange, pink and crimson, National parks with countless flora and fauna. Here grows one of the oldest plants in the world - welwitshcia, preserved (one of the few) dinosaur footprints in the world, which is more than 150 million years old and is the second largest in the world (after the Grand Canyon in the USA) Fish River Canyon. Journey through Namibia will be enriched by a train ride - the Desert Express Suite with stops at the ranch, where you can feed the lions with your own hands, and a two-hour stop in the middle of the night in the Namib Desert. There will be acquaintance with the markets of artisans and manufacturers (various wood products, as well as ostrich skin, the best astrakhan in the world), and acquaintance with the "city of diamonds" Swakopmund.

Tanzania is famous for having the best safari in East Africa. As a rule, travel agencies selling trips to Tanzania divide it into two routes: the Northern Route: Ngorongoro National Parks, Serengeti, Manyara, Tarangire and the Southern Route: Selush and Ruaha. Lodges for all levels of accommodation. Jeep and hot air balloon safari. Flamingo lakes, African big five. Climbing Kilimanjaro: All Five Roads. dazzling white sandy beaches, mangroves, museum shells by the surf, aromas of spicy spices, solitude and peace untouched nature. Ecological luxury tourism. All these are the islands of Tanzania - Zanzibar, Pemba, Mnemba and Mafia.

Zambia has suffered an interesting fate: being at the center of all tourist routes, so far few people have visited it, which is reflected in the untouchedness of the vast areas of Kafue National Parks, the Luangwa Valley and the Lower Zambezi. By the way, the parks of Zambia are an ideal place for hiking or walking safaris, and the term "walking safari" itself originated here. Former capital country, the city named after the famous traveler David Livingston, like his monument, is located on the banks of the great African Zambezi River, where it crashes into a huge gorge. It is on the Zambian side of the Victoria Falls that tourists can take cruises, helicopter rides, “angel flights” on motorized hang gliders at an altitude of more than 500 meters along the waterfall, river and national park"Moshi-o-Tunya" (Mosi-o-Tounya), where there is something to see. The recently rapidly developing infrastructure of Livingston offers first-class accommodation in hotels and private lodges, mainly located on the river. And in November-December, when the water level in the waterfall is minimal, the most courageous are offered walks along the edge of the waterfall, from which the Zambezi dumps tons of water per second.
The country is inhabited by amazing and very hospitable people, which gives additional charm to traveling around Zambia.

Their combinations: culture and tourism; physical education, sports and tourism; tourism and development of resorts; tourism and foreign economic relations. From one... on the shore Pacific Ocean, mountain and exotic tourism in Kamchatka, Sakhalin, extreme routes...

The tourism industry does not stand still, opening up more and more opportunities for us. Even 30 years ago, in the Soviet Union, only those who went camping with a backpack and a tent were called tourists. As a last resort, savages traveling to the sea, again provided they live in a tent. Nowadays, marketing has expanded the concept of "tourism", including in it types of recreation, which, by and large, cannot even be called tourism. Now hiking to places where there is no tourism infrastructure, are increasingly called extreme or exotic tourism, and in fact even children used to relax with a guitar by the fire on the river bank. So what is real exotic tourism?

Exotic tourism can be roughly divided into two categories. The first is sports tourism - this is a real subculture in which there is no place for a random person. TO sports tourism include climbing, rafting, paragliding and many other activities associated with extreme sports, and often with a risk to life. Such a hobby requires large material costs, good physical fitness and absolute dedication to your favorite business. Of course, you can send an amateur to conquer Elbrus, but it is unlikely that he will be able to get at least to the base camp with a minimum of 20 kg behind him. And he doesn’t need it, because you can get your dose of adrenaline without risking your life and without even putting in much work - after all, travel agencies vying with each other offer exotic tours offering unforgettable experiences and thrill. It is on these areas, belonging to the second category of mass exotic tourism, that we will focus our attention.

Of course, even the most ordinary trip to the sea can contain a share of exotic adventures. Why not exotic, say, scuba diving, albeit only a few meters? Even a person who doesn’t really know how to swim can afford this, although he is unlikely to get the fullness of sensations from such “diving”.

Therefore, let's leave the idle pastime in the form of a vegetable on crowded beaches and take a look at the programs that are offered by travel agencies as part of exotic tourism.

CLASSICS OF THE GENRE

If you go to a more or less decent tourist office and ask you to pick up something “such” for yourself, then for sure you will immediately be offered Africa (the resorts of Krasny and mediterranean seas not taken into account).

In yellow hot Africa...

Without complicating your task, you can consider such states as Morocco, Tanzania, Kenya and a number of other countries developed in terms of tourism, where, along with new impressions, the traveler will receive a full range of services at a high level. First of all, Africa is a wild, untouched nature.

Animals here are in their natural habitat, and sitting in a special cage, you rejoice that it exists. Accommodation on wild nature, when at night the entrance to the tent is guarded by a savage with a spear, visiting national parks to observe animal migrations, unforgettable safaris, climbing Kilimanjaro with professional guides, paragliding over Victoria Falls, traveling to wild tribes - this is it, real exotic. Here you can try literally everything - from elephant hunting to ski slopes. The feeling of danger only exacerbates the impressions, although in fact the risk is minimal: all routes are thoroughly studied by professionals, and armed and trained rangers are ready to help at any moment.

On distant islands

Do you want to feel like a Robinson and spend a few days away from civilization, spending the night under palm trees and eating what nature gives? Well, if distance is not a hindrance for you, then feel free to go to the islands of Polynesia. Of course, there are luxury hotels, luxurious beaches and other delights of a comfortable stay here, but among the hundreds of islands of the archipelago there are also uninhabited ones.

There are currently 25 of the 118 islands and atolls of Polynesia. The main mode of transport in these places is the plane, and the cheapest is the ferry. And to get to the most remote corners, you will need a lot of ingenuity and a little courage: a flimsy fishing boat can become a watercraft. The absence of even a hint of civilization in these places makes staying here a real exotic adventure, but a warm one. tropical climate will allow you to easily spend several days, even without a roof over your head.

One of the most popular uninhabited islands is Tofua, who became famous thanks to documentary Xavier Rosset "300 days on the island". Here is located active volcano, and the island itself is completely covered tropical forest. There are several abandoned buildings on Tofua.

Another island, Caroline is a real find for pioneers. This is the easternmost atoll in the Line archipelago and one of the most secluded islands on the planet: the nearest settlement (on Christmas Island) is 1500 km away.

Nukupule Island, belonging to the Republic of Tonga, is a piece of land lost in the ocean, covered with coconut palms and other tropical vegetation. The island's own microsystem of reef corals, which surround the island on all sides, make it perfect place for lovers of surfing, kitesurfing and fishing. Located 12 kilometers from Nukupule, Lifuka Island with a small airport makes it easy to get here. And climbing a palm tree, you can even try to catch a cellular signal.

South is where it's very cold

Not interested in hot countries and tropical islands? Unrestrainedly attracted by "high" latitudes? Then Antarctic tours are just for you. Tourism in Antarctica began to develop in the 60s of the last century with the organization sea ​​cruises. In the 70s, flights from Australia and New Zealand began to the icy mainland. But getting here is not easy even now. Antarctica is protected from ubiquitous tourists by international legislation and nature itself. For those who are not accustomed to retreat, there is an exclusive opportunity to visit Antarctica by plane, with a stay of one day or more. True, such a trip is not cheap, and you will have to plan it in advance - at least six months in advance.

The Russian station Bellingshausen on Waterloo Island, due to its rather mild climate and relative transport accessibility, is one of the most visited Antarctic sites. You can get here from Chile by plane or by sea. On the island you can observe penguins and seals in their natural habitat. In addition, there is an opportunity to get acquainted with the living conditions of polar explorers and learn more about their life and work.

Atka Bay on the coast of Princess Martha is already a real Antarctica. The thickness of the glacier here is more than 150 meters, and the climate is extremely harsh. The average annual temperature is about -25°C, and the "hottest" month is January, when the air warms up to -5°C. Not uncommon hurricane winds reaching 50 m/s. It is here that emperor penguins nest, whose social behavior is the object of increased attention of scientists and visitors to Antarctica. In addition to emperor penguins, seals, Adélie penguins, polar petrels, as well as flying predators - Antarctic skuas are found in Atka Bay. harsh beauty these places will not leave anyone indifferent, and the most difficult thing in visiting Atka Bay is to force yourself to get on a plane that will take you away from here forever.

But if you decide to go to the end, then your path lies to the South Pole, that is, to where the earth's axis "comes to the surface." The thickness of the glacier here reaches 2810 m, and the distance to the nearest sea ​​coast is 1300 km. In 1956 on south pole the American polar station was founded - a complex complex designed for the survival of people in especially harsh conditions (the most low temperature, recorded here, is - 82.8 ° C). It is believed that the South Pole has the cleanest air on the planet, so the area is an important platform for monitoring and studying the background levels of natural and anthropogenic atmospheric components. During the entire south polar summer, the station receives groups of visitors - members of private expeditions and representatives of non-governmental organizations. These visits are most often organized by private companies that provide transport services, logistics support and guides. Additional permits are not required to enter the area, but advance notice is required.

There are enough unusual and hard-to-reach places, which, if desired and with some perseverance, can be visited. True, it will cost much more expensive than rest many luxury resorts. However, there are also such types of tourism that, with a relative budget, are no less exotic.

NON-TRADITIONAL TOURISM

For those who, for one reason or another, travel to exotic shores is uninteresting or inaccessible, there are types of tourism that are just beginning to gain popularity and are still really exotic.

Assimilation tourism

Surely many people know the method of immersion in the language environment when studying foreign language. This is what assimilation tourism is based on, designed for those who want to get to know the peculiarities of national culture and the way of life of this or that people or any region. Such tours are long and last at least a month.

As part of the tour, the traveler goes to the country of interest to him and lives there, renting housing and independently running the household. In the shortest possible time, he needs to establish contacts with local residents and get comfortable in an unfamiliar environment. Ideal for this type of tourism are the countryside or small towns, but big cities, due to the specifics of life in them, are not suitable for this purpose. Naturally, at least a minimum knowledge of the language is necessary, but its improvement will be an additional bonus of such a tour.

jailoo tourism

This rather new direction of tourism is rapidly gaining popularity all over the world. Jailoo tourism will be of interest primarily to those who are tired of the frantic pace of the city, constant stress and "not belonging" to themselves.

The birthplace of this type of tourism is Kyrgyzstan, a country where in many places the original way of life and traditions of the ancestors are still preserved. Enterprising tour operators decided to play on this, offering tourists to spend their holidays with nomadic shepherds - to share with them not only shelter and simple food, but also the hardships of their life and work. Western tourists, tired of the bustle of the city and fed up with comfort, gladly took advantage of this unusual offer.

The idea was picked up in other countries - Chile, Peru, the USA (in Alaska), Kenya, Indonesia, etc. In a complete separation from civilization, a person rethinks a lot in his life. Such exotic tours are recommended for those who experience personal difficulties or cannot make an important decision.

Ecotourism

A fashionable tourism destination that involves visiting reserved places with maximum immersion in the atmosphere of wild nature.

At the same time, it is not at all necessary to live in a tent with minimal amenities. The main principle here, as in medicine, is do no harm. There are many comfortable eco-hotels offering a full range of services, in which the main concept is maximum proximity to nature with minimal negative impact on it. In such hotels, electricity and heat are obtained from natural sources: it can be wind and solar energy, geothermal springs etc. The territory of such a hotel harmoniously fits into the environment - even the roof is a green space.

Such tours can be quite expensive, but there is another opportunity to join ecotourism. Now the so-called volunteer tours are gaining popularity, where the tourist pays only for the road, and all the expenses for food and accommodation are covered by the inviting environmental organization. In return, the tourist is required to perform work related to the protection of nature: planting seedlings, saving birds in places of pollution, protecting sea turtle eggs, etc. Well, in free time The tourist-volunteer is completely left to himself. This type of tourism is an excellent opportunity, for example, for students to see the world and contribute to its conservation. natural resources. And if you do it all the time, you can save on the road: for regular "clients", the inviting organizations take on these costs.

The traditional destinations for ecotourism are Australia, African countries, Laos, New Zealand, Armenia, Cuba, Nepal, Costa Rica and Norway.

Industrial tourism

Industrial tourism is to some extent the opposite of ecotourism. Of course, this does not mean that the purpose of such a tour is to cause maximum damage to nature. But industrial tourists do not go to nature reserves, but rather in the urban "reserves" of the urban jungle.

Industrial tourism involves the study of industrial, including closed, objects. These can be both abandoned and operating industrial zones, extensive production sites, and even entire settlements abandoned by residents for one reason or another - for example, Pripyat.

This type of tourism is undoubtedly associated with a certain degree of risk: many of the objects of study are protected, and in some places you can get a real term for unauthorized entry.

The directions of such tourism can be any large cities, especially those that were considered industrial centers in the past: London, Paris, Hashima Island, Kolmanskop, Humberstone, Varosha, Castelnuovo de Sabbioni, Craco, San Chi - this is an incomplete list of the most interesting places to visit .

Finally, speaking of exotic tourism, one cannot fail to mention the one that is in the process of formation, which, of course, requires a round sum in the account. However, often even the most budget travel can become an incredible, no worse than space adventure. Everything depends only on the desire, mood and imagination of the one who decided to go on a journey.

To go to this journey you will need good personal health, the ability to be content with little, and free time. But what you absolutely do not need is a stable source of income. The point of backpacker tourism is to visit as many places as possible at the lowest possible cost. Throw a pack of cookies, a toothbrush, Lonely Planet Magazine (backpacker's handbook) into your old backpack and go!

The most popular for many years remains the "banana pancake route" in South-East Asia. Along the way, you will find a company of backpackers with backpacks (who will always tell you how best to get to the next point of the trip), five-dollar hotels, fresh fruit juice on every corner and, of course, the signature dish - pancakes with bananas. locals pancakes are considered to be the most suitable food for tourists. Their reasons for believing so are quite reasonable: these strange Europeans are among rotten eggs, hot sauces, fried cockroaches, and other delicacies, pancakes are usually chosen.

New age tourism

For people who are concerned about the state of their immortal soul or who have not yet figured out what really worries them (maybe flatulence?), New Age tourism was invented. The scenario is roughly the following. You are going to an Indian ashram, a Chinese monastery, or just an introductory seminar in Thailand. In the center of spiritual practice, they will provide you completely, put you on a vegetarian diet and give you the go-ahead to attend lectures by some charismatic guru, under whom this project is organized. In addition to lectures, meditation, yoga and other exercises, a certificate is issued on the degree of your insight. You can improve until you reach full enlightenment, but for this you will have to come here more than once (and it’s a good idea!).

Outwardly, it all looks like a sect. But very soon it turns out that you are surrounded by quite adequate and even cynical people who went on this long journey to enjoy a healthy lifestyle and communication with brothers and sisters who are ready to merge with each other not only spiritually. But vigilance is still not worth losing.

Industrial tourism

Who at a young age did not arrange games at abandoned construction sites, did not look for treasures in basements flooded with sewage, did not catch pigeons in attics, he simply did not have a childhood! Adults will be able to refresh wonderful memories with the help of industrial tourism. To inspect all kinds of abandoned objects (cities, factories, factories, buildings, structures), special excursions. Also in the category of "industrial tourism" includes roofing (inspection of roofs) and digging (traveling through various dungeons).

The most popular industrial facilities among tourists are located in Ukraine - Chernobyl nuclear power plant and the city of Pripyat. Now anyone can get into the city of nuclear scientists. You will be accompanied by a "stalker" with a dosimeter, which will show all the most interesting things: an abandoned kindergarten, park attractions overgrown with vegetation, mysterious graffiti. To enhance the effect, you will be forbidden to walk on the grass (there is radiation there!), And you will look at the lawns with fear all the time, although the radiation background is basically normal. The tour ends with the passage of dosimetric control at the checkpoint, where you will find out that you are “clean”, but, despite this, you will still go to drink red wine (for preventive purposes, of course!).

Suicide tourism

You can go on such a trip only once in a lifetime. The destination is the capital of Switzerland, since Zurich is the only place in the world where euthanasia is officially allowed. The cost, so to speak, of the tour (4-7 thousand euros) includes: travel to the Dignitas euthanasia center, medical examination, paperwork, Nembutal juice (sleeping pills), columbarium services and funerals. Journey to another world occurs in a dream due to drug intoxication with a large dose of Nembutal and subsequent respiratory arrest. I hope that Dignitas will someday be left without customers and this exotic tourism will disappear forever.

Exotic tourism is all that is unusual. Even rest and treatment can be remembered for a long time if it differs from the usual rest.

An exotic vacation can be a tour through the country, individual regions, as well as rural tourism, where vacationers are given the opportunity to live in the village and taste the charm of separation from civilization.
Weekend rest is of particular relevance. It is on weekends that people want to spend time with benefit for themselves, relax and relieve stress. Since the weekend has been considered a small vacation for many years, where you can have a good rest.

One of better ways spend the weekend, vacation is a walk in the mountains. It is here that there are all conditions for relieving stress - mountains, clean air, unforgettable landscapes. An example is the Grand Canyon in the USA, famous waterfall Victoria and Niagara.

Safari is perfect vacation for lovers of hunting, fishing and showing dormant human instincts, the road is open to you in this direction. If you do not want to hunt an animal with a gun, then you can do photo hunting and take pictures of your animal.

National parks of many countries are ready to accept hundreds of people who want to go on a safari. There you can see many animals up close.
Jeep tours. Fans of riding cars will surely appreciate the attractive exoticism of such a holiday right away.

The rest is as follows. A column of SUVs drives through the expanse of untouched nature. You can sit behind the wheel yourself, or you can sit on the side photographing landscapes. These columns can travel for many days plowing forests and fields, because they have everything you need - food, fuel, tents for overnight.

Extreme lovers are given the opportunity to overcome mountain ranges on a jeep. Such a trip will add experience in driving a car.

Ecotourism is a new trend of modern recreation. A person in such tours is close to nature and can touch it. The basis of such a trip is the untouchedness of ongoing processes that last for millions of years. A tourist in such a world is only an observer, feeding on the energy of the natural world.

It is believed that ecotourism brings understanding between man and nature. During such a trip, only ecologically clean places— natural reservations and reserves. One of the most exotic types of recreation is traveling through the swamps, because this is the only way to explore virgin lands.

The relief and peculiarity of the area itself will not allow man to intervene in the life of nature. Birds that live only in this area live here, as well as single plants. The people living in the swampy area represent ancient civilizations.

You can move around the swampy area on special catamarans, which are equipped with propellers. Since, it is such transport that is absolutely harmless to the outside world. On it you can travel around many places and photograph the unprecedented charms of nature that will fill your album as outlandish creations of nature itself.

1. The first place in the rating is occupied by jailoo tourism, which got its name from the name of the Kyrgyz yurt, where you can spend several days in the enchanting atmosphere of nomadic life. Meaning this holiday- in full immersion and dissolution in culture and national characteristics the people that you have chosen as the object of study. For several days you will be taught how to build huts from clay briquettes, thatch roofs, drink buffalo milk and much, much more. Since you will wear national clothes and look like all the natives around you, then you are guaranteed a complete penetration into the chosen atmosphere!

2. Assimilation tourism. In this case, your journey looks like this - you rent a house in a far, far away place and start doing your own housekeeping, improving your lifestyle, raising livestock or selling grown fruits and vegetables in the market. In many ways, this is similar to traveling "savage", but the point is to try to merge with some unfamiliar culture, and even the simplest everyday difficulties will be solved in some exotic way.

3. Ecotourism. The bottom line is this: you come to some very remote national park and there you live in a hut built from natural materials. You get electricity with solar panels, you use the wind as an air conditioner, and the collected rainwater as a washbasin. All this is called ecotourism - a trip to places untouched by civilization with minimal harm to the natural environment, but with the highest possible level of comfort. Eco-hotels built according to the basic principles of ecotourism can be found in Laos, New Zealand, Costa Rica, Nepal.

4. Festival tourism. Every summer around the world are held the most diverse in style and self-expression music, singing and artistic festivals under open sky. Just imagine this picture - an incredible number of people share your hobbies and are ready to dance all night long to your favorite music. Such an event remains in the memory for a long time, bringing into our impetuous modern life a grain of that same primitive community of people and interests.

5. New age tourism. This type of exotic tourism is suitable for those who want first of all to relax their souls and put their thoughts in order, to find peace of mind. Most often, new age tourism refers to settling in remote monasteries with accommodation in an ascetic but comfortable home. Meals are usually extremely simple, often vegetarian. The recreation program includes a wide variety of lectures, seminars, yoga, relaxing massages, meditation... After such a vacation, you feel completely enlightened, slept, rested, full of strength to work and live on.

6. Film tourism. A classic example of this kind of entertainment is trips to " legendary routes". For this purpose, some well-known work is taken, in which the characters travel a lot along various routes of one or several countries. Further, the tourist tries to dress as clearly and fully as possible in accordance with the described time of events. The goal is to repeat the described route as close as possible to the original. On the road, frequent stops and taking pictures in the form of heroes are a prerequisite. This type of recreation is extremely interesting not only for children, but also for adults.

Summing up, I would like to note that everyone can find entertainment for the most demanding taste. The most important thing is to understand what your body and soul are asking for at the moment, and boldly go towards all sorts of exotic adventures.