How many countries are in asia. Asian countries and their capitals: list of foreign Asian countries

South East Asia - Pretty major region planet, within which 600 million people live. Today there are 11 list of which is given below, they differ significantly from each other in terms of level and models economic development. about these differences and will be discussed in our article.

Countries of Southeast Asia: list and capitals

The Southeast Asia region covers an area of five million square kilometers. From the name itself it is clear that it is located in the southeastern part of Asia. Part this region geographers usually include 11 states. Six of them are located on the continent, and five more - on the islands and archipelagos adjacent to the mainland.

So, all the countries of the South East Asia(list):

Vietnam.
Cambodia.
Laos.
Myanmar.
Thailand.
Malaysia.
Indonesia.
Philippines.
Singapore.
Brunei.
East Timor.

It is worth noting that geographically Southeast Asia also includes the eastern parts of India and Bangladesh.

Southeast Asia: cultural and economic-geographical characteristics of the region

At least 600 million people live in this region, 35% of which are residents of one country, Indonesia. It is here that (the most densely populated on the planet) is located. There are quite a lot of migrants from China in the region. They mainly settle in Malaysia, the Philippines and

The indigenous peoples of this region are very diverse. Malays, Thais, Vietnamese, Burmese, Javanese and dozens of smaller nations live within Southeast Asia. The most popular religions here are Islam and Buddhism, Protestantism is widespread in some areas.

The formation of local culture was significantly influenced by Chinese, Indian, Arabic, and Spanish cultures. The cult of tea and the habit of eating with chopsticks are very common in Southeast Asia. Music, architecture, painting differ very little in each of the ethnic groups of the region.

The economy of many states of Southeast Asia is strongly tied to agriculture, industry and the service sector are gradually developing. IN individual countries ah the region an important sector National economy tourism has become (this is primarily Thailand, Singapore, Cambodia).

Developing countries of Southeast Asia: list

A developing country is a rather relative concept. By it is meant a state whose performance is significantly lower than that of the rest of the world.

According to the generally accepted classification, all 11 states of Southeast Asia should be classified as developing countries. However, among them there are three countries with a weaker level of development. They are also called These include:

Laos.
Cambodia.
Myanmar.

The richest and most developed state in the region is considered to be Brunei, which is often referred to as the "Islamic Disneyland". The reason for this well-being is simple - solid oil and gas reserves. The country has long been in the top ten in terms of income of the population. It is curious that every second person who works at the industrial enterprises of Brunei came here from neighboring, less prosperous countries.

NIS countries in the region

New (abbreviated as NIS) is understood as a group of states that have experienced a significant leap in development and have significantly improved all their economic and social indicators in a very short time (only a few decades).

The countries of this group demonstrate amazing rates (up to 5-8% per year), generate powerful transnational corporations, actively implement Newest technologies, a lot of attention and funds are allocated to the development of science and education. Which states of the region can be attributed to the NIS group?

So, the newly industrialized countries of Southeast Asia (list):

Singapore.
Malaysia.
Thailand.
Indonesia.
Philippines.

In addition, another country in the region, Vietnam, has quite real prospects for adding to this list.

Finally...

The countries of Southeast Asia, the list of which is given in this article, belong to the developing states of weak and medium development. Their economies are still heavily dependent on agriculture.

Most the developed countries region - Singapore and Brunei, and the poorest - Laos, Cambodia and Myanmar.

Asia is the most most of world in terms of area (43.4 million km², together with adjacent islands) and population (4.2 billion people or 60.5% of the total population of the Earth).

Geographical position

Located in the eastern part of the Eurasian continent, in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it borders on Europe along the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles, on Africa along the Suez Canal, on America along Bering Strait. It is washed by the waters of the Pacific, Arctic and Indian oceans, inland seas belonging to the pool Atlantic Ocean. Coastline slightly indented, distinguish such large peninsulas: Hindustan, Arabian, Kamchatka, Chukotka, Taimyr.

Main geographical features

3/4 of the Asian territory is occupied by mountains and plateaus (Himalayas, Pamir, Tien Shan, Greater Caucasus, Altai, Sayan), the rest - plains (West Siberian, North Siberian, Kolyma, Great Chinese, etc.). On the territory of Kamchatka, the islands of East Asia and the Malaysian coast, there is a large number of active active volcanoes. highest point Asia and the world - Chomolungma in the Himalayas (8848 m), the lowest - 400 meters below sea level (Dead Sea).

Asia can be safely called a part of the world where great waters flow. to the North basin Arctic Ocean include the Ob, Irtysh, Yenisei, Irtysh, Lena, Indigirka, Kolyma, Pacific Ocean- Anadyr, Amur, Huang He, Yangtze, Mekong, indian ocean- Brahmaputra, Ganges and Indus, inland Caspian basin, Aral Seas and lakes Balkhash - Amudarya, Syrdarya, Kura. The largest sea-lakes- Caspian and Aral, tectonic lakes- Baikal, Issyk-Kul, Van, Rezaye, Teletskoye Lake, salty - Balkhash, Kukunor, Tuz.

The territory of Asia lies in almost all climatic zones, the northern regions are the Arctic zone, the southern ones are the equatorial zone, the main part is influenced by a sharply continental climate, which is characterized by cold winters with low temperatures and hot, dry summers. Precipitation mainly falls in summer time year, only in the Middle and Near East - in winter.

For distribution natural areas latitudinal zonality is characteristic: northern regions- tundra, then taiga, a zone of mixed forests and forest-steppe, a zone of steppes with a fertile layer of chernozem, a zone of deserts and semi-deserts (Gobi, Takla-Makan, Karakum, deserts Arabian Peninsula), which are separated by the Himalayas from the southern tropical and subtropical zone, Southeast Asia lies in the zone of equatorial rainforests.

Asian countries

There are 48 sovereign states on the territory of Asia, 3 officially unrecognized republics (Waziristan, Nagorno-Karabakh, the State of Shan,) 6 dependent territories(in the Indian and Pacific Ocean) - 55 countries in total. Some countries are partially located in Asia (Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Yemen, Egypt and Indonesia). the largest states Asia are considered Russia, China, India, Kazakhstan, the smallest - Comoros, Singapore, Bahrain, Maldives.

Depending on the geographical location, cultural and regional characteristics, it is customary to divide Asia into East, West, Central, South and Southeast.

List of Asian countries

Major Asian countries:

(with detailed description)

Nature

Nature, plants and animals of Asia

The diversity of natural zones and climatic zones determines the diversity and uniqueness of both the flora and fauna of Asia, a huge number of diverse landscapes allows you to live here the most various representatives plant and animal kingdom...

North Asia, located in the zone of the Arctic desert and tundra, is characterized by poor vegetation: mosses, lichens, dwarf birches. Further, the tundra gives way to the taiga, where huge pines, spruces, larches, firs, Siberian cedars grow. The taiga in the Amur region is followed by a zone of mixed forests (Korean cedar, white fir, Olginskaya larch, Sayan spruce, Mongolian oak, Manchurian walnut, green-bark maple and bearded), which is adjoined by broad-leaved forests (maple, linden, elm, ash, walnut) , in the south turning into steppes with fertile chernozems.

IN Central Asia steppes, where feather grass, vostrets, tokonog, wormwood, forbs grow, are replaced by semi-deserts and deserts, the vegetation here is poor and is represented by various salt-loving and sand-loving species: wormwood, saxaul, tamarisk, dzhuzgun, ephedra. The subtropical zone in the west of the Mediterranean climatic zone is characterized by the growth of evergreen hard-leaved forests and shrubs (maquis, pistachios, olives, juniper, myrtle, cypress, oak, maple), for Pacific coast- monsoon mixed forests (camphor laurel, myrtle, camellia, podocarpus, cunningamia, evergreen species of oak, camphor laurel, Japanese pine, cypress, cryptomeria, arborvitae, bamboo, gardenia, magnolias, azaleas). A large number of palm trees (about 300 species), tree ferns, bamboo, and pandanus grow in the zone of equatorial forests. Vegetation mountainous areas in addition to the laws of latitudinal zonality, it obeys the principles of altitudinal zonality. Coniferous and mixed forests grow at the foot of the mountains, and juicy alpine meadows grow on the peaks.

The fauna of Asia is rich and varied. The territory of Western Asia has favorable conditions for the residence of antelopes, roe deer, goats, foxes, as well as a huge number of rodents, inhabitants of the lowlands - wild boars, pheasants, geese, tigers and leopards. In the northern regions, located mainly in Russia, in North-Eastern Siberia and the tundra, wolves, elks, bears, ground squirrels, arctic foxes, deer, lynxes, wolverines live. Ermine, arctic fox, squirrels, chipmunks, sable, ram, white hare live in the taiga. In dry areas Central Asia ground squirrels, snakes, jerboas, birds of prey live, in South Asia - elephants, buffaloes, wild boars, lemurs, lizards, wolves, leopards, snakes, peacocks, flamingos, in East Asia - elk, bears, Ussuri tigers and wolves, ibises, ducks - tangerines, owls, antelopes, mountain sheep, giant salamanders living on the islands, various snakes and frogs, a large number of birds.

Climatic conditions

Seasons, weather and climate of Asian countries

Features of climatic conditions in Asia are formed under the influence of such factors as the large extent of the Eurasian continent both from north to south and west to east, a large number of mountain barriers and low-lying depressions that affect the amount of solar radiation and atmospheric air circulation...

Most of Asia is in sharply continental climate zone, East End is under the influence of marine atmospheric masses of the Pacific Ocean, the north is subject to the invasion of arctic air masses, in the south tropical and equatorial air masses predominate, their penetration into the interior of the mainland is prevented mountain ranges stretched from west to east. Precipitation is unevenly distributed: from 22,900 mm per year in the Indian town of Cherrapunji in 1861 (considered the wettest place on our planet), to 200-100 mm per year in the desert regions of Central and Central Asia.

Peoples of Asia: culture and traditions

In terms of population, Asia ranks first in the world, with 4.2 billion people, which is 60.5% of all mankind on the planet, and three times after Africa in terms of population growth. In Asian countries, the population is represented by representatives of all three races: Mongoloid, Caucasoid and Negroid, ethnic composition is distinguished by diversity and diversity, several thousand peoples live here, speaking more than five hundred languages ...

Among the language groups, the most common are:

Sino-Tibetan. Represented by the most numerous ethnic group in the world - the Han (the Chinese, the population of China is 1.4 billion people, every fifth person in the world is Chinese);
Indo-European. Settled throughout the Indian subcontinent, these are Hindustanis, Biharis, Marathas (India), Bengalis (India and Bangladesh), Punjabis (Pakistan);
Austronesian. Live in Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Philippines) - Javanese, Bisaya, Sunds;
Dravidian. These are the Telugu, Kannar and Malayali peoples ( South India, Sri Lanka, some parts of Pakistan);
Austroasiatic. The largest representatives are the Vietnamese, Lao, Siamese (Indochina, South China):
Altai. Turkic peoples, divided into two isolated groups: in the west - the Turks, Iranian Azerbaijanis, Afghan Uzbeks, in the east - the peoples of Western China (Uighurs). The Manchus and Mongols also belong to this language group. North China and Mongolia;
Semitic-Hamitic. These are the Arabs of the western part of the continent (west of Iran and south of Turkey) and the Jews (Israel).

Also, peoples like the Japanese and Koreans stand out in a separate group called isolates, this is the name of populations of people who, for various reasons, including geographical location were isolated from the outside world.

Southeast Asia from A to Z: population, countries, cities and resorts. Map of Southeast Asia, photo and video. Descriptions and opinions of tourists.

Tours for May Worldwide
Hot tours Worldwide

And so it happened: people go to Southeast Asia to see the amazing nature, touch the millennial cultures, sunbathe on tropical beaches, and finally, have a good time with varying degrees of severity (yes, we are talking about Pattaya permissiveness). In general, with any wishes for relaxation (except, perhaps, "skiing" and "ice" hotels) - welcome here!

There are practically no countries in Southeast Asia where tourism would not be developed. Rather, it is more or less massive. For example, if Thailand can be safely called an "all-Union health resort" - perhaps only a principled stay-at-home has not been here, then Brunei and Myanmar are countries that are more closed, chamber, "for those who understand." But first things first. Why is it worth going to the expanses of Southeast Asia?

Let's start with the main subject of interest for vacationers of all ages and nationalities - the sea, sun and beaches. There is more than enough of this in the region, and the available recreational resources can boast of consistently high quality - from a "combed" beach to pleasant hotel trifles, such as a morning orchid in the toilet. In general, we think, the reason for the popularity of a good half of the "yuvash" resorts is a sincere desire local population to please an overseas guest.

A look at Southeast Asia

Secondly, people go to the Southeast Asian expanses in order to be surprised. rare animals and active volcanoes, sometimes dumbfounding traditions of local peoples (which is worth at least two weeks of fun in honor of a deceased relative!) and the vagaries of local grocery stores (we are talking about sauce from rotten fish intestines) - in a word, all those riches that Asia has in store for the inquisitive in its bins.

Last but not least, Southeast Asia is popular due to the fact that its territory hosts a truly extraordinary collection of ancient treasures and cultural heritage. What are at least breathtaking Buddhist monuments - from the Myanmar Shwedagon Pagoda to the Lao "footprint of the Buddha".

Finally, enthusiastic athletes from all over the world rush to the local underwater and surface beauties. For example, Vietnamese diving has been unanimously recognized for several years as one of the best in the world in terms of price-quality ratio, and surfing in Malaysia is becoming more and more popular every season - thanks to the efforts of the eastern monsoon, which gives beautiful waves to the “boarders”.

The material contains data on the sub-region of Asia. Tells about its specifics and growth rates in terms of the main factors of development and development of territories in their modern form and condition. The article gives an idea of what caused such rapid progress in individual countries of Southeast Asia.

Sub-region of Asia

This is a kind of macroregion. It covers the territories of continental and island type, which are located between China, India and Australia.

Rice. 1. Southeast Asia on the map.

From a geological point of view, the region is considered a volcanic part of the planet. However, this is offset by tropical climatic conditions And unique nature, which captures the number of exotic representatives of flora and fauna.

The region stretched for 3.2 thousand km in the direction from north to south and for 5.6 thousand km in the direction from west to east. Almost a hundred nationalities live here, which make up almost 8% of the total population of the Earth.

Especially densely populated is the island of Java, which is recognized as the most populated area on the planet.

List of countries in Southeast Asia

Vietnam;
Cambodia;
Laos;
Myanmar;
Thailand;
Brunei;
East Timor;
Philippines;
Malaysia;
Indonesia;
Singapore.

Currently, countries, like their capitals, are progressing intensively. This is indicated by the high positions they occupy in modern world. New industrial powers are developing extremely rapidly. Here, the main importance is attached to: the level of education of the population, as well as the development of the economy and the creation of new production capacities.

In terms of the human development index, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia occupy a leading position in the world.

Rice. 3. Night Singapore.

The main feature of such countries is the transparency of the economy, the formation of industries based on high technologies, the high level of the service sector, tourism orientation, attractiveness for foreign investors, and significant investments in their own economy.

According to Wikipedia, this moment I managed to visit half of the countries of Southeast Asia. Let's briefly go over where it was interesting, and what could have been missed. If you are interested Southeast Asian countries, in the blocks below you will find links to all sections of interest.

Southeast Asia. Philippines.

I'll start with Philippines, because this country was the first to which he went to travel on his own. Overcoming a heap of doubts and fears, discovered an amazing and new world travel. I realized that the world is not limited to the city in which I was born and how many amazing places. This is where I got my first solo travel experience.

Southeast Asian countries - Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam.

This was my second trip, which included, in addition to the countries listed, also China. To be honest, it was China that was the main country of that trip and it was there that I spent the most time. But China is not included in the list of countries in Southeast Asia, so today we are not talking about it.

IN Thailand I was only in Bangkok, and even then a couple of days. I can’t say exactly why, but the city left a rather pleasant impression. Markets, narrow streets, friendly Thais, temples. It was interesting to spend some time in this city.

Next was Cambodia, in which the strength was a week. Driving along tourist places such as Angkor Wat and Kampot went straight to Vietnam. In my opinion, the most interesting things in Cambodia are hidden in small non-tourist villages in the north of the country. At that time, I didn't get there.

In Vietnam happened to be twice. The country is pleasant, left a fairly even impression. All of it can be slowly driven in a couple of weeks. Probably the main thing that Vietnam gave me, a few interesting people with whom I still communicate.

Countries of Southeast Asia. India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Singapore.

If we still decide to hook India, I can say that the country is very unusual and unlike anything else. I happened to visit only in the north of the country and go down a little to the south, to Mumbai. Almost all visited places, with the exception of only Delhi, seemed very interesting. Mountains in the north, desert in the west, plains in the central part. It was interesting and memorable.

Malaysia turned out to be a country to which he remained absolutely indifferent. Neither good nor bad ... nothing. True, he didn’t go anywhere further than Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya, maybe that’s why nothing was left in his memory.

Singapore, city-country for a couple of days. Very clean, tidy. It's way too calm for me. The second time I would not fly to Singapore.

On Sri Lanka visited in 2018. The country that left positive emotions, but, as for me, also at times.

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