Show a map of the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov with settlements. Sea of ​​Azov resorts - affordable beach holidays in Russia

0

The Sea of ​​​​Azov on the world map and Russia: where is it, photo and video

The Sea of ​​Azov is located in the east of Europe and southwest of Russia, and is the most shallow sea in the world! His maximum depth- no more than 13.5 meters! And on the world map, the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov is marked with just a small blue spot that connects with Atlantic Ocean a whole chain of straits and seas. The Azov Sea is 350 kilometers away from the Black Sea and is connected to it by the Kerch Strait.

It is interesting that in antiquity Sea of ​​Azov didn't exist. The Don River flowed directly into the Black Sea in the area Kerch Strait, but according to some assumptions, around 5600 BC. The water level in the Black Sea rose rapidly, as a result of a strong earthquake, and this provoked the flood and filling of the modern water area of ​​the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov.

The very name "Sea of ​​Azov" came not so long ago - in the second half of the eighteenth century. Prior to this, the sea has changed many "names". From the ancient Greek Μαιῶτις - the Meotian lake, the Roman PalusMaeotis - the Meotian swamp, the Turkish Bahr el-Assak or Bahr-y Assak - the Dark blue sea and up to the Saxin Sea, approved at the beginning of the thirteenth century, and after the Tatar-Mongolian Balyk-dengiz - “ fish place". But the main theory of the modern name came from the word "azak", which meant the mouth of the river, a shallow place. Later, "Azak" was transformed into "Azau", and then into the Russian "Azov".

The Sea of ​​Azov is truly unique place. Its low-salt waters are saturated with microelements and minerals, and off the coast you can find places with blue clay and therapeutic mud from the hills. The shores near the sea are gently sloping, mostly sandy and small-shell, but there are also pebble ones. The climate near the Azov coast is mild, and because of the shallow water, the water warms up above + 23 ° C, and you can swim from the end of April until October!

In winter, the water temperature drops to freezing - 0°C, and only near the Kerch Strait does the temperature reach +11°C. But in summer the sea can warm up to +30°С. IN different regions water warms up in different ways, but temperature regime differs not much, only +1…+2°С. But after storms that happen at sea, the water temperature can change. But not critical.

On the coast of the Sea of ​​​​Azov there are many resorts, both for a beach holiday and for wellness. Because of the shallow water, the Sea of ​​​​Azov is safe for families with children. A lot of water parks and dolphinariums also contribute to a pleasant stay with children. For family vacation there are boarding houses, sanatoriums, campsites, hotels and private houses that rent locals. Also in the resorts of the Azov coast there are many other entertainments for tourists.

Most popular resorts Sea of ​​Azov in Russia - this is Yeysk, the village of Golubitskaya, Temryuk, the village of Dolzhanskaya, Pavlovo-Ochakovo, located on the spit of the same name, Primorsko-Akhtarsk - a resort with healing mud and rich fish lakes, Kuchugury, Taganrog, the village of Peresyp and many other resorts where you can relax and have fun, and with benefit, or in solitude, where there are not many tourists. The main thing is to choose what you like.

The Sea of ​​Azov is a valuable gift of nature, which stores in its waters not only a variety of animals and flora but also many minerals. Therefore, this gift must be protected!

The Sea of ​​Azov on the map is a semi-enclosed area of ​​the Atlantic Ocean. The object is located in the eastern part of Europe. Two countries have the Sea of ​​Azov on their territory - Ukraine and the Russian Federation.

general information

The Sea of ​​Azov is considered the smallest in the world. Its maximum depth is no more than thirteen and a half meters, and the average (according to various estimates) is within 6.8-8 m. In the area where the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov is located, there are other objects connecting the water area with the Atlantic Ocean. Among them, the Straits of Kerch and Gibraltar, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles should be noted. In addition, the Mediterranean, Aegean and Black Seas are the connecting links.

Story

Previously, in antiquity, where the Sea of ​​Azov is now, there was no water. The filling of the water area presumably began in 5600 BC. e. At that time, it flowed into the Black Sea directly in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe current Kerch Strait. In the area where the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov is located, there are different settlements. The names of many of them came from the name of the reservoir. For example, the villages of Priazovskaya and Azovskaya, the city of Azov, which is located in the lower reaches of the river. Don, Novoazovsk and others.

Name

In ancient times, different nationalities called the water area in their own way. It should be said that the sea was renamed quite a few times. Until today, the exact origin of the name has not been established. There are several hypotheses on the etymology of the original word "azov":

• named after Prince Azum, who was killed in 1067;
• by the name of the tribe "Assy", which, in turn, came presumably from Avestan and means "fast";
• in Circassian "uzev", which means "neck";
• according to the Turkic word "azan" - "lower".

Even in the distant I century. n. e. in his writings, Pliny, listing the Scythian tribes, speaks of the settlement of the "Asoki". The name is similar to the word "azov". It is believed that modern name water areas began to be used in Russian toponymy from the beginning of the 17th century, thanks to the chronicler Pimen. At the same time, it must be said that initially not the entire Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov received the name (on the map of Russia, not far from the one that received the name, the city of Taganrog is located today). And only by the 2nd half of the 18th century the name was assigned to the entire water area.

Research

The history of the study of the area where the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov is located is conventionally divided into several stages.

1. Geographical (ancient), which lasted from the time of Herodotus until the beginning of the 19th century.
2. Geological and geographical. It lasted from the 19th century until the 40s of the 20th century.
3. Complex. This period began in the middle of the 20th century and continues to this day.

Claudius Ptolemy compiled the first map. Ukraine as such did not exist then, and the position of the reservoir itself relative to other objects was not entirely clear. Ptolemy established the first geographical coordinates for cities, bays and capes. Subsequently, Gleb Svyatoslavovich, who ruled in 1068 in Tmutarakan, measured the distance from Kerch to Taman on ice. It was about 20 kilometers at that time. Already from the 12th-14th centuries, the Venetians and Genoese began to draw up maps and sailing directions of the Azov and Black Seas.

Geographical position

The area where the Sea of ​​Azov is located lies between 45°12′30″ and 47°17′30″ N. sh. and 33°38′ and 39°18′ E. e. The maximum length of the reservoir reaches 380 kilometers, and the width is 200 kilometers. The coastline has a length of 2686 km, the surface of the water area covers an area of ​​37,800 square meters. km (this figure does not include spits and islands, which are distributed over an area of ​​107.9 sq. km). In accordance with morphological features, the object is classified as a flat sea. The reservoir is considered shallow, with low slopes of the coast. The Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov (this is clearly visible on the map of Russia) is quite remote from the ocean. In this regard, the object belongs to the group of continental water bodies. In winter, the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov can completely or partially freeze. At the same time, ice is carried out along the Kerch Strait. Usually, ice formation begins in January. In cold years, it can happen a month earlier.

Bathymetry

The place where the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov is located is distinguished by a relatively simple underwater relief. In the course of moving away from the coast, a smooth and slow increase in depth occurs. In the central part of the water area, they reach 13 meters. Here the depths are maximum. The location of the isobaths, close to symmetrical, violates their slight elongation towards the northeast towards the Taganrog Bay. Approximately two kilometers from the coast there is an isobath of 5 meters. It moves away from and near the mouth of the Don River. In this area, the depths increase towards the open part of the reservoir. At the border of the sea and the bay, they reach eight to nine meters. The bottom relief is distinguished by the presence of systems of underwater hills. They are stretched along the western (Arabatskaya and Morskaya banks) and eastern (Zhelezinskaya bank) coasts. The depths above them decrease from 8-9 to 3-5 meters. The coastal underwater slope on the northern coast is characterized by fairly wide shallow water. Here the depth is 6-7 m. The southern coast is characterized by a steep underwater slope. Depths in this area are 11-13 meters. Seashores are generally sandy and flat. In the southern section, however, you can find hills that have volcanic origin, and in places passing into advanced steep mountains.

The catchment area in the basin is about 586,000 sq. km. km. The currents depend on the wind strong winds northeast and southwest directions. The main movement occurs along the coast. Its direction is counter-clockwise.

Temperature regime

Shallow water bodies are characterized by large seasonal temperature variability. In winter, the figures reach a minimum. In January-February, the values ​​are close to the freezing point. In the southern part of the reservoir, not far from the Kerch Strait, the thermometer rises above zero. The temperature amplitude per year is +27.5 ... +28.5 degrees. IN summer time quite uniform indicators are observed over the entire surface of the sea - from +24 to +26 degrees. In July, in some areas (for example, such as the sea, it warms up to a maximum of +28 ... +28.5 degrees. The highest temperature was recorded in Primorsko-Akhtarsk. It was +32.5 degrees. As for the long-term average annual temperature, then on the surface it is within 11 °C. Interannual fluctuations in this case are of the order of one degree.

Salinity

The Sea of ​​Azov has hydrochemical features. They are formed mainly under the influence of abundant river inflow (about 12% of the total water volume). In addition, there is a somewhat difficult water exchange with the Black Sea. Before the regulation of the Don, the salinity of the reservoir under consideration was lower than that of the ocean. three times. The indicators varied from 1 ppm at the mouth of the river to 10.5 in the central part and up to 11.5 in the area of ​​the Kerch Strait. began to rise after the construction of the Tsimlyansk hydroelectric complex. By 1977, the averages had risen to 13.8 ppm, the figures were slightly lower - 11.2. During relatively high humidity, a rapid decrease in salinity was observed. It was 10.9 ‰ in that period. However, by 2000, the figures rose again, stabilizing at 11 ‰. It should be said that there is little salt in the northern part of the reservoir, in contrast to the area adjacent to Crimea. The Sea of ​​Azov (a map showing the location of the facility is presented below) in this area is rich in self-planting salt. It has been mined since antiquity. Until the end of the 19th century, salt from this area provided almost half of Russia's needs. Greatest value salinity of water reaches in solution - brine of Sivash and other lakes. This is due to intense evaporation from the water surface in summer. All of these hypersaline areas represent the large renewable mineral salt deposits for which the Sea of ​​Azov is known. Russia, having these objects, provides itself with a significant amount of this mineral. Due to their connection with the sea, the composition of their brine is similar to that of sea ​​water. Mostly in the brine there are sulfates and chlorides of magnesium and sodium.

Water

The Sea of ​​Azov is characterized by low transparency. It is different in every season and in different regions. Indicators vary in the range from 0.5 to 8 meters. The low transparency is mainly due to the influx of a large amount of muddy river waters, rather rapid resuspension of bottom silts during water disturbance, and the presence of plankton masses in the reservoir. The lowest rates are noted in the Taganrog Bay. There transparency is in the range of 0.5-0.9, in rare cases - 2 meters. The water in this area can change its color from greenish yellow to brownish yellow. In the central part of the reservoir due to great depths and under the influence of the Black Sea currents, transparency can range from one and a half, two and a half to eight meters. Here the water has a greenish-blue color. Almost everywhere in the summer there is an increase in transparency. And in some areas, due to the rather rapid development of the smallest animals and plant organisms in the upper layers, the indicators drop to zero. And the water becomes bright green. This phenomenon is called "sea bloom".

In the northern part of the Sea of ​​Azov, on the shores of the Taganrog Bay, there is the resort city of Yeysk. It stands on a spit that goes into the sea, so the city is washed by sea waters from three sides. It is the fifth largest city in terms of population. Krasnodar Territory. You can get to Yeysk by flights to Rostov or Krasnodar, and from there by rail, by buses along the M4 Don highway from Rostov and along the P268 highway from Krasnodar. A little further from Yeysk, at a distance of about 50 kilometers, are the villages of Dolzhanskaya and Kamyshevatskaya, which stand almost on the very shore of the sea.

The most convenient and comfortable place recreation is considered South coast Sea of ​​Azov - the Taman Peninsula, which opposite side out to the Black Sea. Consider several options for vacationers to get here. Traveling by air, it is worth flying to Anapa, from there to the nearest regional center Temryuk is only 53 kilometers away by road. What you will get, depends only on your desire. Shuttle Buses go regularly. But the fastest and most comfortable option is still a taxi. From Temryuk, the road to any end is open in front of you Taman Peninsula, in any village or village. Temryuk, as a rule, is not considered by tourists as a place for a beach holiday. This is true, but only in part, just six kilometers from the city, in the place where the Kuban merges with the sea, there are spacious wild beaches that will satisfy the needs of adherents of the quiet and a relaxing holiday. But the majority makes a choice in the direction of the Golubitsky beaches, which are only 12 kilometers away.

Having spent fifteen minutes on the road, in the worst case, you find yourself in the village of Golubitskaya. To date, this village is the most popular among vacationers. Tourists are attracted by a well-developed infrastructure, close proximity to the regional center, mass entertainment attractions and activities, of course, well-equipped local beaches with sand and broken shells. The beach is located directly in the village, and vacationers get to it on foot. In Golubitskaya itself and its environs there are a lot of places worthy of your visit, which have cultural and historical value.

Leaving Golubitskaya, we set off towards the village of Peresyp, which is almost territorially connected with the village "For the Motherland". To the village to go seventeen kilometers. On the right side of the road you will observe the sea and endless wild beaches, a favorite place for savages, and on the left there will be Akhtanizovsky estuary. So it turns out that the village is surrounded by water on both sides. Rest in these places will please you clean beaches with warm clear water. Local mud springs will help improve your well-being and health. The village has its own shops and markets, freeing you from the need to go to Temryuk for groceries.

Further, after driving the next thirteen kilometers along the highway, turning right at the Kuchugury sign, after six kilometers we will be met by a village immersed in greenery, settled far from the noisy highway and attracting with its silence. The city is devoid of any industry, so efforts local population aimed at providing a comfortable stay for the guests of the village. This place is a great choice for families with children.. The entrance to the water has a very gentle slope, and you will not go to the depth immediately. Due to this, the water sometimes warms up to 28-29 degrees. Not far from the village is another mud volcano with free access.

Returning to the E97 highway and, following to the west, we will pass the villages of Zaporozhskaya, Battery, the village of Krasnoarmeisky. The village of Zaporizhzhya is located on the banks of the Densky Bay, forty kilometers from the regional center. From this point of reference, you can follow in two directions: north to the village of Ilyich and the port "Kavkaz" or south towards the village of Taman. Let's take a look at the north direction. In the western point the peninsula is located the village of Ilyich. This is the last settlement that tourists pass before taking ferries across the Kerch Strait to Crimean peninsula. Undeservedly, this village is considered “one of the” transit ones on the way to the Crimea. local holiday you will definitely like it. Pleasantly pleased with the prices. You will eat local fruits and vegetables grown in organic home gardens. The road leading to the "Caucasus" is quite busy, so getting out of here on an excursion will not be difficult.

The village of Priazovsky, located north of Ilyich, deserves special attention. The most convenient way to get here is by private transport. Local beaches are devoid of a touch of civilization, so here you can only meet vacationers with tents. This corner is extraordinarily beautiful, it is not for nothing that it is called Taman Switzerland. The lake in the depths of the failure, surrounded by green hills, gives an unforgettable impression of beauty.

Now, having returned to the E97 highway and, having driven back about thirty kilometers, we will meet the village of Sennoy. Another quiet and quiet place for relax. If you miss the noise - Temryuk is 35 kilometers away, and Anapa is 42 kilometers away, and after 50 kilometers the first exit to the Black Sea. The village of Sennoy will surprise you historical monuments and local wine.

From Sennoy, passing the village of Primorsky, we will get through 25 kilometers to the village of Taman. This is truly the cradle of the Kuban with its traditions, museums and festivals, the Cossack region, the land of winemaking and, of course, have a great holiday by the sea.

Now you are aware of the possible stopping points on your route, it remains to decide and go on vacation.

Due to its shallow depth and relatively small size, the Sea of ​​Azov is superbly warmed up by the first spring rays of the sun and is already available for swimming in April. This greatly increases holiday season, and in May there are already quite a few who want to get a golden southern tan. When planning your upcoming vacation, you need to have a good idea of ​​what awaits at a particular resort. As the map of the coast of the Sea of ​​Azov in Russia shows, the length of the domestic coastline stretched for 250 kilometers. The waves of the reservoir wash the western borders of the Krasnodar Territory, East Coast Crimea and through the Kerch Strait are connected to the deeper Black Sea.

Climatic conditions of the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov

Unlike the Black Sea, there is no lush vegetation on the coast of the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov, and the air is dry and hot. The almost constantly blowing wind carries the sultry spicy smell of steppe herbs, intricately intertwined with the fresh aroma of the sea breeze. Such a climate is very favorable for the cores and those suffering from respiratory diseases. It cannot be said that there are no rains during the summer, but they are so fleeting and warm like in summer that they are not able to spoil the holiday mood. Sea water temperature already at the end of spring is 20 degrees, and in July-August this figure can rise to 32 degrees. The resorts of Russia cordially and hospitably offer the Sea of ​​Azov, ready to provide high-quality health improvement and good rest:

• Dolzhanskaya Spit;
• Kuchugury;
• the village of Priazovsky;
• Yeysk;
• Taganrog;
• Primorsko-Akhtarsk;
• Golubitskaya;
• Taman.

Ultimately affordable prices, comfortable accommodation, the warmth of sea water and the absence deep places throughout coastal zone makes the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov very attractive for families with children.

Yeysk

Located 1300 kilometers from Russian capital, Yeysk is great for a family vacation. This is the largest Kuban resort, which has a very good location. It has its own airport and railway station, from Moscow it is easy to get here by any means of transport. The city has a modern sanatorium of a wide profile, offering high-quality health improvement for parents and children. For those who want to relax in Yeysk, there are numerous hotels, as well as in the private sector. This place has long been chosen by lovers of kiting and windsurfing, and for those who want to master extreme views sports are given introductory lessons by experienced specialists of recently opened surf stations.

Village Taman

On the shore of the Taman Bay is the village of Taman, which annually attracts numerous tourists with cheerful themed holidays and various festivals. The free and independent spirit of the Cossacks reigns here, you can get acquainted with its traditions and peculiar way of life. Various cultural events are often held in Taman and, although tourism infrastructure could have been better developed, a trip to the village leaves a lot of impressions. From here to the Black Sea is only 10 kilometers.

Kuchugury

It is worth paying attention to the village of Kuchugury Special attention when the question is discussed, where to relax on the Sea of ​​\u200b\u200bAzov. It is famous for its crystal clear water and fine sandy beaches. The purity of the sea surface of the Golubaya Bay, on the shore of which the village is located, is explained by its remoteness from the Kerch Strait. In Kuchugury there is a calm environment, a shallow warm sea, clean beaches and well-developed infrastructure. Modern private hotels are being actively built and opened here, guest houses, local residents vying with each other offer to settle in clean, well-groomed houses. In the evening you will not be bored in the village, there are various entertainment venues.

Stanitsa Golubitskaya

Sanatoriums and well-maintained recreation centers, cozy private buildings and many small comfortable hotels, numerous cafes and youth evening discos - all this turns the village of Golubitskaya into an attractive resort with excellent developed infrastructure. Wide sand beach And unique lake with healing mud to the services of those who have chosen the second most popular Azov resort as a place of rest. Like other settlements on the coast, Golubitskaya is great for children's recreation, for the kids there is an excellent water park. The nearest railway station is Temryuk, and by plane you need to fly to.

The attractiveness of the Azov region

With all the variety of resorts on the coast of the Sea of ​​Azov, there are many common attractive factors that influence the decision to go here - warm sea, excellent fishing, silence and safety, unique conditions for windsurfing and sailing. And at the same time a real opportunity to acquire all these benefits at a very affordable cost. Should I prioritize overseas resorts when in your native country you can relax just as well and spend it!