Unexplored part of the island. Video about the most mysterious places in the world. Amur pillars, Russia

Tepui is the only place on Earth where no human has set foot. What animals live on Tepui, what plants grow on Tepui - all this is a dark forest for us, since people have visited only some Tepui. A most of Tepui is absolutely unexplored!
They become not only a source of legends and scary stories, but also a subject of creativity for science fiction artists.

Tepui, or tepui - mesas located in the Guiana Highlands in South America mostly in Venezuela. Among the most famous tepui are Autana, Auyantepui and Mount Roraima. Many tepui are located in the Venezuelan national park Canaima, which has the status of an object world heritage UNESCO.

The word "tepui" in the language of the Pemon Indians, who inhabit the Gran Sabana region, means "house of the gods." Tepui are for the most part isolated from each other, towering above the jungle with hard-to-reach cliffs, which makes them carriers of a unique set of endemic plants and animals.


Tepui are the remnants of a vast plateau that once stretched from the coast Atlantic Ocean to the borders of the Amazon, Orinoco and Rio Negro basins.

The plateau formed on the site of the lake about 200 million years ago, when South America and Africa still formed a single continent. The plateau consisted of sandstone and was located on a granite base; over time, erosion turned the plateau into several monadnoks, from which tepui were formed, covered with erosion-resistant rocks.


As a rule, tepui consist of a single block of Precambrian sandstone or quartzite, which soars sharply above the surrounding jungle to heights of more than 2000 m. Many tepui have water-washed caves, such as the Abismo Gai Collet cave, 671 m deep, as well as karst funnels up to 300 m in diameter, formed during the collapse of the arches of tunnels of underground rivers.



German explorer Robert Schomburgk visited the area in 1835. He was struck by mesas, but attempts to climb one of them were unsuccessful. It wasn't until almost half a century later, in 1884, that a British expedition led by Everard Im Turn managed to climb to the top of Mount Roraima.

However, it was the report of the expedition of Robert Schomburgk to the tepui region that inspired the writer Arthur Conan Doyle to write the novel " lost World» about the discovery of a plateau inhabited by prehistoric species of animals and plants.



As in the lowland areas of the Llanos savannas, there are rainy and dry seasons on tepui. From 2 to 4 thousand mm of rain falls annually. Altitude also influences the climate - at the highest tepui temperatures can drop to 0 °C, however, as a rule, the average thermometer reading at the peaks is between 8 and 20 °C, depending on the altitude. Soils are predominantly oligotrophic (low in nutrients).


The plateau of the mountains is completely isolated from the forest at the foot, which makes them "ecological islands" on which endemic species of flora and fauna have been preserved, developing in isolation for thousands of years. On wooded high plateaus, a wide variety of representatives of the orchid and bromeliad families grows, and carnivorous plants are also common.




The highest tepui, Pico de Neblina (3,014 m), is located in Brazil. The next three in height are Pico Phelps (2,992 m), Roraima (2,810 m), located at the point of convergence of the borders of Brazil, Venezuela and Guyana, and Cerro Marahuaca (2,800 m).


View of Roraima from the Venezuelan plateau.
Roraima is the tallest tepui in Venezuela. Its height is 2810 meters, and the top - a plateau with an area of ​​34 km² - is completely covered with dense vegetation, bizarre stones, steep depressions, caves, small lakes and swamps. Local Indians call Mount Roraima “the navel of the earth” and believe that the progenitor of the human race, the goddess Queen, lives on its top.


Cerro Ichun, located near the Brazilian-Venezuelan border, has the largest plateau area (3,260 km²) and an altitude of 1,400 m.
Auyantepui is the largest of the tepui, the surface area of ​​the plateau is 700 km². From this mountain falls Angel - the most high waterfall in the world.



Tepui Matavi, also known as Kukenan due to the fact that the source of the Kukenan River is located on the plateau.

Autana rises 1300 m above the forest and is riddled with a cave that runs from one side to the other.
Tepui Sarisarinyama, famous for almost round funnels with a depth and diameter of about 350 m, at the bottom of which unique plants grow.


Kukenan tepui

The biggest nature reserve Venezuela, the Canaima National Park, was founded in 1962 and is considered the oldest part of the Earth, whose age exceeds 2 million years. This lost world, as if accidentally preserved as it was many millions of years ago, is visited daily by thousands of tourists.


Also, many other less known, but no less beautiful tepui, are located in the Canaima National Park, which lies in the southeastern part of Venezuela, at the junction of Brazil and Guyana. A reserve that stores priceless treasures on its territory natural resources, is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.


The nature of the Canaima National Park is extremely diverse and unique. In addition to the majestic table mountains, hung with beautiful waterfalls, in the park you can see rare species of flora and fauna that are found exclusively in this area. For example, carnivorous plants that lure insects into their beautiful fragrant traps and eat them. The foothills and slopes of the mountains are surrounded by cloud-covered forests, in which exquisite bromeliads and orchids stand out as bright spots.


On the tops of the tepui, herbs and shrubs grow luxuriantly. No less rich animal world Venezuelan park - there are monkeys of various sizes and species, jaguars, giant ants and many small animals. But greatest variety species boasts the world of birds, which in large quantities living in this rich land.



In Canaima National Park, vacationers are offered exciting excursions by canoe on the lagoon into which four waterfalls flow. Two of them - Golondrina and Ukaima - can be seen by canoeing, and under the other two - Acha and Sapo - there is a path along which you can walk inside the waterfall between the raging stream of water and the rock.

You can go to one of the most spectacular sights of the park - Angel Falls, excursions to which are carried out either by boat or by plane. If you go on a boat tour, along the way you can see picturesque island Orchids.


Those wishing to get to know the life of the natives of these lands better can go to the northern part of Canaima, where the settlement of the Pemon Indians is located. It provides a unique opportunity to immerse yourself in an unknown culture, communicate with the natives, get acquainted with their rituals, traditions, legends and way of life, which has been preserved since ancient times.



Among other things, this area is shrouded in a halo of secrets and mysteries, which are told not only by ancient legends and myths, but also by the reports of several expeditions organized by brave explorers. The last major official expedition in these hard-to-reach places, namely Mount Roraima, was formed in 1965 by the son of the famous Juan Angel, the discoverer of the world's highest waterfall.


The expedition diary describes wonderful world, in which the flat surface of the mountain top is covered with bizarre hills, shaped like mushrooms, unusual depressions filled with water are scattered everywhere, and besides already known to science animals, an unusual creature was discovered, which was named Cadborosaurus.

The previously unseen beast had the head of a horse and the body of a snake with humps on its back. Frogs hatching eggs, bloodsucking insects, which were not affected by any chemical means of protection, giant ants more than 5 cm long, capable of biting small tree branches with their steel teeth, were also found here.


The biggest discovery for scientists was the discovery of the remains of ancient animals that until recently lived in these places. There is an assumption that they died as a result of experiments by aliens. Scientists were led to such a guess by a large round area discovered by the expedition, devoid of vegetation and completely strewn with silvery powder of unknown origin. Later, laboratory studies showed that this is an alloy of the rarest metals, which is simply unrealistic to create under earthly conditions.


When examining the caves, the researchers found a large number of rock paintings depicting fantastic animals and creatures that are remotely similar to people. The expedition members also discovered several crypts, inside of which there was a thick fog and a sweet smell hovered. Some team members, having inhaled this strange aroma, fell into a coma for several days, and when they woke up, they told their colleagues about incredible visions and travels to other worlds.




After this incident, it was decided to return back, but then a new surprise awaited the travelers: they could not find a way out of this enchanted world, as if some mysterious forces prevented this in every possible way.

Only a few months later, exhausted by the search for a way out, people managed to return home. They claim that they were helped by some unknown force, which picked them up and slowly lowered them to central square one of the Indian settlements.








When the scientists finally got to civilization, it turned out that the families had long since lost hope of their return: after all, the expedition, which, according to the plan, was supposed to return after several months of work, had been absent for four years.

For a long time, expeditions were not organized in this region, but today this lost world, which previously instilled fear in people, is visited daily by several dozen adventurers. Only for safety reasons it is advisable to make the ascent accompanied by an experienced guide.

The HIGHEST IN THE WORLD is Angel Falls, its height is 1054 m (according to other sources - 979 m). Angel Falls (in English - Angel, local name - Churum-meru) is located on the river. Churum - a tributary of the river. Carrao (Orinoco river basin) in South America, in Venezuela.

Angel in translation into Russian means "angel". Although the names of waterfalls are usually very figurative and poetic, this waterfall is not named by an angel in honor of biblical angels and not because of its "proximity to heaven."

The giant of the 1st magnitude bears the name of its discoverer, the Venezuelan pilot Juan Angel, while the Indians called the waterfall Apemey or the Maiden's Eyebrow. Angel Falls, more than a kilometer high, was discovered relatively recently - in 1935. This proves how much our beautiful planet Earth still hides.


How could such a phenomenal miracle of nature - a vertical stream of water a mile high - be hidden from mankind throughout history? The fact is that Angel is located in one of the most remote and inaccessible corners of the earth. The southeastern part of Venezuela - the Auyan Tepui mountain range (Devil's Mountain) is composed of porous sandstones, has a height of up to 2600 m, and abruptly breaks off with a sheer rock wall. The approaches to the wall are blocked by the selva - a dense tropical forest.


What was Angel looking for there? In the 1930s, a "diamond rush" broke out in Venezuela. Hundreds of adventurers, greedy businessmen, and simply the poor rushed into the impenetrable jungle. Angel bought a small sports plane and flew to the Auyan Tepui massif. In those places, the tops of the mesas are often covered with clouds. Angel flew in clear weather and was the first to see a kilometer-long water vertical.

It turned out that the waterfall did not fall from the very edge of the highland ledge. The Churum River "sawed through" the upper edge of the cliff and falls 80-100 m below its edge. Water consumption-300 sq.m/s.


Juan Angel (Angel) did not discover diamond deposits. Others have done it. He had an accident (the plane nosed over) and was literally saved by a miracle. He landed in the very place that Conan Doyle chose to unfold the events of his famous novel"Lost World". Reaching the nearest post office, Angel reported his discovery to the National Geographic Society of the United States, and his name is now on all maps of the world.

On Latin American maps, the waterfall is often referred to as Salto Angel, i.e. "angel's jump". Last years the discoverer spent his life in Venezuela, in the state of Ciudad Bolivar, died in 1956. According to the will of Angel, his ashes were scattered over the waterfall named after him.


How much the term "miracle" in relation to the surviving pilot Angel is not an exaggeration can be judged by the fact that fourteen years later, in 1949, a group of American and Venezuelan surveyors consisting of five people barely made their way through the selva to the waterfall, as the wild forest was completely intertwined with lianas and lush shrub vegetation.

I had to continuously cut through the road with machetes and axes. The expedition spent... nineteen days to overcome the last 36 km! But the game was worth the candle. What the members of the expedition saw, none of them will be forgotten until the end of their days.


The most vivid description of the waterfall - perhaps the best in world literature - belongs to the chairman of the Soviet Peace Committee Yu. A. Zhukov, who surveyed the Angel Falls from an airplane in April 1971. the current is interrupted by this crazy water jump...
We have already heard and read that the height of the water fall here is so great that the stream, before reaching the bottom of the abyss, turns into water dust, which settles on the stones as rain. But one had to see it in order to imagine all the originality of the spectacle that presented itself: somewhere below, at a distance of about three hundred meters from the bottom of the abyss, a powerful, resilient, boiling stream suddenly seemed to melt and break off in the fog.

And even lower, as if born out of nothing, the river was seething... How I would like to approach the waterfall not by plane, but on the ground - to stand near it, listen to its roar, breathe in the smell of water falling from the skies! But this is impossible...".

Intellectual power helps mankind to reveal many secrets of the Earth. Humans have reached the surface of the moon and explored other planets in the solar system. But still, there are a number of mysterious and unknown places in the world. Inhospitable conditions and the destructive forces of nature hold back man from exploring some parts of our planet. At the same time, these same natural forces help to preserve the original appearance and beauty of such places untouched by civilization.

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Greenland ice caps

Greenland is the largest island in the world. In fact, most of the island is covered ice caps- cover glaciers of a smaller area than ice sheets. Therefore, this place is considered the least populated on the planet and is practically unexplored. Layers of ice in Greenland with a thickness of 3200 meters are about 100 thousand years old.

You can also see glaciers, glacial rivers, hot springs, white nights and northern lights in Greenland. But the erratic weather conditions make Greenland one of the least explored places on Earth.

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Mariana Trench, Western Pacific

The Mariana Trench is the most deep place on Earth, it is located in the western part Pacific Ocean. It was formed millions of years ago. deepest point Mariana Trench known as the "Challenger Abyss", the maximum known depth of which is just over 11 kilometers. Such great depth and high pressure made the Mariana Trench a very difficult place to study, so it still remains unexplored to this day.

The Mariana Trench is home to deep sea creatures and rare minerals. The bottom of the Mariana Trench contains fossils that are millions of years old, and many other minerals that would help unravel the mysteries of the Earth. But unstable conditions make it difficult for people to explore this place.

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Kankar Punsum, Bhutan

Kankar Punsum - the tallest unconquered Mountain peak in the world. It is located in Bhutan. This mountain has a height of 7570 meters and is the 40th most high mountains in the world. There are only four notable expeditions Kankar Punsum - in 1983, 1985, 1986 and 1994 respectively. But all of them were unsuccessful due to heavy snowfall and inconsistent weather conditions.

Out of respect for local beliefs, the government of Bhutan banned mountaineering on Kankar Punsum in 2004. So this mountain peak remained unconquered and unexplored.

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desert

Deserts are notoriously difficult to explore due to unsuitable weather conditions. Antarctica is largest desert in a world with unsuitable conditions for growing plants. The hottest desert in the world, the Sahara, is located in Africa. The amount of annual rainfall in the deserts is very low. Also, these areas are characterized by extreme temperature fluctuations - during the day it is very hot, and at night it becomes very cold. This creates very harsh living conditions for plants, animals and people.

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deep caves

There are a large number of caves in the world. They have become too difficult for scientists to study due to unbearable weather conditions, sharp rocks, heat and slipperiness. Some of the underwater caves are not inhabited by living creatures due to deadly conditions for survival. The flooded caves of the Yucatán in Mexico - the sacred caves of the Maya - are the best example of this. Crystal caves and snow caves are also too dangerous for expeditions due to the possible sudden and unprecedented changes in conditions inside the caves and their topography.

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Selva of the Amazon, South America

Rainforests The Amazons are half of the rainforests on Earth, covering an area of ​​6.47 million square kilometers. The rich biodiversity of this territory and the presence of rare species of animals make the Amazon selva a priority for study. But the mystique of this place makes it still completely unexplored place on the ground.

There is no dry season in the Amazon rainforest, it rains all year round. heavy rains between February and May cause a sharp rise in the water level in the Amazon River. It leads to severe floods in her pool. In such a state, transportation across the river becomes too dangerous due to the extreme river currents. It is also home to many dangerous animals such as jaguars, rattlesnakes, Brazilian wandering spiders, mosquitoes, poison dart frogs, piranhas, black caiman and anacondas that can harm humans. Lack of access to healthy food and clean water can cause many diseases.

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Antarctica

This is the coldest place on the surface of the Earth, the temperature fluctuates sharply from -10C to -30C most of the time. The most low temperature ever recorded in Antarctica was -89 degrees Celsius. It is the driest, coldest and windiest continent on Earth. Such a harsh climate makes Antarctica the most mysterious and unexplored place on our planet. Antarctica holds many secrets, and therefore is of great interest to scientific community. The average thickness of the ice crust on the continent is about 2.5 km, which means that the surface under the ice has many archaeological artifacts the period when the continent was ice-free.

The maximum wind speed recorded in Antarctica in 1972 is 321 km per hour. The ice sheets of Antarctica, which are more than 3.2 km thick, reflect the unbearable state of the climate on this continent. Heavy snowfalls, glaciers, and cracked ice are other potential hazards in Antarctica.

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Conclusion

These were the most mysterious and unexplored places on Earth. Thank you for your attention.

Today, many scientists are trying to unravel all the secrets of our world, but there are a huge number of places that were formed for an indefinite reason, as well as mythical and mysterious territories that defy any logic, and even more so scientific facts.

To begin with, let's look at a few little-known cities that keep a century-long and interesting history.

• In the center of the Pacific Ocean there is a certain island-city of Nan Mazol, formed from volcanic rocks.

No one knows how this city appeared and it seems strange. This abandoned stone city It is a huge structure without windows and doors as high as the famous pyramid of Cheops. By appearance the city reminds big volcano. Many people think that this place was previously inhabited by giants, who built this structure.

• IN Chelyabinsk region there is a certain mystical city of Arkaim, which changes the lives of people who find themselves in this unique place.

This ancient city must accept its visitor. There are legends that once visiting this mystical part of Russia, people perceive their life in a different way and begin to change it. Also, all the diseases that a person had up to this point disappear after visiting this city in a completely inexplicable way.

• present in our world and anomalous zones, where people hear and see a variety of objects, sounds, unthinkable phenomena occur.

Among such places can be called the city of Kyzylkum in Central Asia, Moleb Triangle in Russia, famous lake Loch Ness in Scotland, the Mexican town of Chavinda, the Czech catacombs and many other territories unknown to science.

In addition, in the world you can see such beautiful places that cannot be compared with anything, but tourists simply do not know about the existence of these amazing natural beauties.

• lovely sand dunes, which were nicknamed The Wave for their appearance.

This miracle of nature is located in the United States, between the states of Utah and Arizona. You will never forget such a desert.

• Another the most beautiful place is a small body of water in Brazil. Its name corresponds to the sensations - the Enchanted Well. It is located in a cave in the state of Bahia. The pond is filled with the purest clear water through which the sun's rays penetrate, piercing this well to the very bottom with a blue glow.

• Geothermal geyser Fly of indescribable beauty, covered with colorful rocks.

This source is located in the state of Nevada, USA. This formation reaches a height of 1.5 meters, but every year the geyser increases, accumulating more and more iridescent layers.

• Another no less interesting and charming place is the big blue spot in the Atlantic Ocean.

This amazing place nicknamed the Great Blue Hole that formed inside Lighthouse Reef, owned by the state Belize. It is actually a deep sinkhole that divers from all over the world love to explore.

• One of the least known places on Earth is the island of Socotra, located in the Indian Ocean.

The territory of this island is full of absolutely unique nature. The trees that grow on Socotra you will not be able to find anywhere else. The tourist flow to this area is so small that nature remains almost untouched, which is very rare these days. You seem to find yourself in another world that needs to be explored from the very beginning. Its name translates as the Island of Happiness. The cleanest ecology reigns here, there are no hotels, roads and expensive restaurants.

• In Canada, there is a one-of-a-kind Spotted Lake that enchants the eye.

This healing lake Kliluk, which conquered the world with its beauty and became famous for its large concentration of various minerals, which create peculiar circles of a certain color on the surface. During the summer, some minerals crystallize, forming solid formations around the patches that you can walk on.

• The dry valleys of Antarctica are also considered an amazing place.

This place is the only dry area among the Antarctic glaciers. There is no precipitation here, and the climate, according to scientists, is as close as possible to the climate of Mars. Frozen was found in the valleys salt Lake, in which previously unknown organisms and bacteria were found, which theoretically confirms the possibility of life on Mars.

Of course, one can list such beauties almost endlessly, since humanity does not even know half of all possible natural phenomena that cannot be explained using existing technologies at the moment. All corners of the world deserve special attention, but one article is not limited here. Do not stop only at the proposed options for the most popular places, because you can skip a lot of unique areas where no human foot has set foot before!

Incredible places to visit

Thanks to the talent of designers, architects and landscapers, amazing inspiring places appear on earth that are worth visiting for a person who is not indifferent to beauty and thirsts for new experiences.

The world is amazingly huge and beautiful. It seems that a lifetime is not enough to see all its beauty live. It does not hurt to sketch out a rough plan of inspiring trips and excursions, after which the head will boil with new ideas and thoughts. Start with the most beautiful places on our planet. And see the review unusual hotels, shocking attractions, historical miracles and other works of creative hands and human minds.

Underwater hotel

Conrad Maldives Rangali Island offers underwater apartments and a restaurant.

Igloo hotel

Transparent roofs of rooms Hotel Kakslauttanen in Finland they allow you to admire northern lights lying in bed.

flower park

Wisteria's tunnel Japanese garden flowers to Kawachi Fuji, Kitakyushu, Japan.

ice aquarium

IN Japanese city Kesennuma in the ice blocks frozen 80 species of sea creatures.

cave restaurant

Is located in Italian city Polignano a Mare at the Grotta Palazzese.

Marquisyak castle garden

Located in French city Vezak was created over 3 centuries.

Hotel underground

The Sala Silvermine Hotel in Sweden is located in a former mine at a depth of 155 meters.

Waterfall Restaurant

Located in the resort of Villa Escudero in the province of Quezon, Philippines.

The Lost City of Machu Picchu

Located on the territory of modern Peru at the top mountain range 2450 meters above sea level. Awarded the title of New Wonder of the World.

Skyscraper in Huaxi village

Inhabitants Chinese village pooled together built a hotel with a height of 328 meters and a cost of 470 million dollars.

snow hotel

Every winter in Finland, the Alps and the Pyrenees, a winter resort is built from snow for lovers of extreme recreation.

Waterfall pool

The natural basin of the Victoria Falls in Zimbabwe is located at an altitude of 128 meters.

Observation deck

Glass balconies of the 103-story skyscraper Willis Tower in Chicago.

Attractions at the site of the nuclear power plant

Wunderland Kalkar Park is located on the territory of an unfinished nuclear power plant in German city Kalkar. The main attraction is located in the central tube.

Getting to any of the places on this list will be extremely difficult, even with modern development technology will have to do quite a bit hard way. Are you ready to conquer Mother Nature? We present to your attention a selection of the 10 least explored places on Earth, where nature has been preserved in its original form, and all processes go on as usual, without human intervention.

Greenland ice sheet

First discovered by Eric the Red, this land is covered in 80% ice. The ice sheet, which is 600 square miles in size, is believed to melt in about 2,000 years at current rates, so you still have a few millennia to visit. You can admire the beauties of these places in the article about the ice canyons of Greenland, or in other articles on LifeGlobe.

Northern mountains of Colombia

Northern Mountains The Colombians were mostly explored only by guerrilla fighters and criminals. Because of this, it is difficult to say exactly how many mountains have actually been discovered and explored. Most of the local local tribes are peaceful here, and scientists discover new representatives of flora and fauna with each new expedition.

Amazon rainforest

Namibia

With 2.1 million people spread over 300,000 square miles, it's no surprise that Namibia is known as the least populated country in Africa. For animals like the Cheetah and Rhino, Namibia is the perfect haven for poachers. This is due to the program for the protection of the natural world, spelled out in the Namibian government constitution. This the only country in the world that did so.

Tristan da Cunha

Located just off the South African mainland, Tristan da Cunha is one of the most isolated islands in the world at just 7 miles long. This island has a temperate climate which makes it perfect for giant elephant seals, shorebirds and waterfowl. Tristan hotspot - area with volcanic activity, which forms the islands of an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean.

Northeastern Siberia

Siberia is one of the most parts of Russia, which covers about 70% of the territory of the Country. However, only 30% of its population lives here. In fact, most of the population in Siberia is somehow connected with oil production.

Gankar Punsum

The Gankar Punsum Mountains are at the top of the list of the highest mountains in the world. On the borders of Tibet, China and Bhutan, these great heights little explored, both due to removal and political, social, and spiritual problems between the three countries.

Antarctica

Antarctica is often noted as the world's largest ice mass, hard to reach for scientists. IN Lately Antarctic exploration has intensified as global warming has made it possible to stay here for longer periods.

Mariana Trench

This area is the most unexplored in the world. Deep sea ​​trench, Mariana Trench is located near Guam and Mariana Islands. It wasn't until 2011 that the US Navy imaged the topography of the Mariana Trench from a hydrographic ship using a multibeam echo sounder.