What objects are named. Project work "Russian names on the world map"

Great navigators, rock climbers, pioneers and explorers of lands where no human has set foot before are world-famous travelers whose names are immortalized in geographical names the objects they first touched. From RuTraveller - an interesting selection of such places.

Mount Cook, also known as Aoraki, is located in the western part of the South Island of New Zealand. This mountain of the New Zealand Southern Alps is the highest point country, its height is 3754 meters.

Named after James Cook, the mountain is covered with snow and glaciers and is shaped like a saddle with steep slopes.

In October 1953, the Mount Cook area began to be used as a National Park, which includes several nature reserves aimed at protecting rare native vegetation and preserving unique landscape.

Of the representatives of the fauna in the park, you can meet kea birds - the only alpine parrot, wagtails and skates.

The Laptev Sea is a marginal sea of ​​the Arctic Ocean. located between north coast Siberia in the south, the Taimyr Peninsula, islands Severnaya Zemlya in the west and New Siberian Islands in the east.

The sea is named after Russian polar explorers - cousins ​​Dmitry and Khariton Laptev. In the past it was known different names, the last of which is the Nordenskiöld Sea. The sea has a harsh climate with temperatures below 0 °C for more than nine months of the year, low salinity, sparse flora and fauna, and low population along the coast. Most of the time, with the exception of August and September, it is under ice.

For thousands of years, the sea coast was inhabited by the indigenous tribes of the Yukaghirs, and later the Evens and Evenks, who were engaged in fishing, hunting and nomadic reindeer herding. Then the shores were populated by Yakuts and Russians. The development of the territory by Russian explorers began in the 17th century from the south, along the channels of rivers flowing into the sea.

There are several dozen islands in the Laptev Sea, many of which contain well-preserved remains of mammoths. The main human activities in this area are mining and navigation in the Northern sea ​​route; fishing and hunting are practiced but have no commercial value. Most big village and port - Tiksi.

The Bering Strait is a strait between the Arctic and Pacific oceans that separates Asia (the easternmost continental point is Cape Dezhnev in Russian Chukotka) and North America (the westernmost continental point is Cape Prince of Wales in American Alaska).

The smallest width is 86 km, the smallest fairway depth is 36 m. The strait connects the Chukchi Sea (Arctic Ocean) with Bering Sea(Pacific Ocean). It is named after the Russian navigator Vitus Bering (born in Denmark), who passed through this strait in 1728. However, the first of famous sailors in 1648, 80 years before Bering, Semyon Dezhnev passed through the strait from north to south (from the Arctic Ocean to the Pacific), after whom the cape in Chukotka (the most eastern point Asia).

in the middle Bering Strait the Diomede Islands lie: Ratmanov Island - larger and located to the west, and Kruzenshtern Island. According to the agreement on the sale of Alaska and the Aleutian Islands (1867), the border between Russia and the United States runs in the middle between the islands. Thus, Ratmanov Island belongs to Russia, and Kruzenshtern Island belongs to the United States. The distance between the islands is just over 4 km. There is also a time zone border international line date changes.

Periodically, from the end of the 19th century to the present day, at the level of specialists, and sometimes even governments (mainly Russia and the United States), the feasibility and possibilities of building a tunnel or bridge across the Bering Strait to connect Chukotka with Alaska are discussed, but for various reasons, both technical and economic nature, none of the ideas has yet been brought to implementation.

Cape Dezhnev is the easternmost point of the Chukotka Peninsula in mainland Russia and Eurasia. It is an insulated flat top mountain range height up to 740 m, abruptly breaking off to the sea. It is located in the Bering Strait, which connects the Arctic Ocean (Chukchi Sea) with Pacific Ocean(Bering Sea).

It was first reached by the Russian expedition of Semyon Dezhnev in the autumn of 1648. On the shore of the Big Chukchi Nose, which was later named Cape Dezhnev, the travelers made a stop, during which they visited the Eskimos on the islands of the strait. For the first time in history, having passed the Bering Strait (actually opening it) and rounding the Chukotka Peninsula, Dezhnev solved an important geographical problem. There was evidence that America is an independent continent, and that it is possible to sail from Europe to China by the northern seas around Siberia. However, due to the lack of information about this discovery in European countries(materials of Dezhnev's campaigns remained in the Yakut prison), the priority of the discoverer went to V. I. Bering, whose name the strait began to be called. Until the beginning of the 18th century, the cape was referred to as the Chukchi Nose, Necessary Nose. In 1778, the English navigator James Cook mapped this cape under the name Cape Vostochny.

In 1879, the Swedish polar explorer Nordneschild first sailed northeast passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean and also rounded this cape. He suggested calling it by the name of the discoverer - Cape Dezhnev. On the eve of the 250th anniversary of the discovery of the cape, this proposal was accepted and, at the request of the Russian Geographical Society, Cape Vostochny was renamed Cape Dezhnev in 1898.

On Cape Dezhnev is located locality Whalen, as well as the abandoned settlement of sea whalers Naukan, which was disbanded in 1958 as part of a campaign to enlarge and remove settlements from the American border. Before the eviction, about four hundred people lived in Naukan, there were thirteen clans. Currently, individual Eskimo families from Naukan live in the Chukchi villages of Uelen, Lavrentiya and Lorino, as well as in the Eskimo villages of Novoe Chaplino, Sireniki and Uelkal.

The Strait of Magellan is a strait separating continental South America and the Tierra del Fuego archipelago, narrow and in some places very dangerous for navigation. The length of the strait is 575 km, the smallest depth in the fairway is 20 m. It was first overcome by Magellan in 1520 during his world travel, Tierra del Fuego has long been considered the northern part of the Unknown Southern Land.

On October 21, 1520, on the day of "Eleven Thousand Virgins" - Saint Ursula, at about the 52nd parallel of the southern latitude, Magellan discovered a cape, which he named "Cabo Virgenes" in honor of this holiday. On November 1, on the day of All Saints, a strong storm brought Magellan's ships into the bay, further navigation through which led to the strait, after which the expedition ended up in the Pacific Ocean. Magellan gave the strait Portuguese name feast of All Saints - Estreito de todos os Santos, but later the Spanish king changed it, giving the Spanish name in honor of Ferdinand Magellan - Estrecho de Magallanes. From the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, the strait was passed by Magellan from October 21 to November 28, 1520.

Cape Chelyuskin - the most north point the Taimyr Peninsula and mainland Eurasia. It was reached for the first time by a member of the 2nd Kamchatka (Great Northern) expedition, navigator Semyon Chelyuskin, together with the Cossacks Fofanov and Gorokhov in 1742. By the 100th anniversary of the expedition, the cape was renamed Russian geographical society from Cape Vostochno-North to Cape Chelyuskin.

In 1878 Cape Chelyuskin was visited by the Swedish Arctic explorer Nordenskiöld, and in 1893 the Norwegian explorer Nansen was the first to go around it. In 1932, an expedition of the Arctic Institute led by Rudolf Samoylovich built a polar station on the icebreaker Semyon Dezhnev at Cape Chelyuskin. The second wintering was headed by ID Papanin, who expanded the station to an observatory.

At present, the station is called a radiometeorological center, where from 8 to 10 people spend the winter. A number of residential buildings and scientific pavilions have been built. Some of the buildings are abandoned and not in use. The northernmost airfield of continental Eurasia, Cape Chelyuskin, is also located here, which is serviced by the Khatanga United Aviation Enterprise. From the airfield, only a helipad remained, serviced by the military.

The climate of Cape Chelyuskin is arctic, very severe. average temperature July and August (the warmest months) is -0.1 and -0.9C, and the average low is always below zero.

The Chichagov Islands are a group of two uninhabited islands. It is located in the Primorsky region Arkhangelsk region Russia and is part of the Franz Josef Land archipelago. Washed by the Barents Sea. Named after Pavel Chichagov, Arctic explorer and son of Admiral Vasily Chichagov.

Group occupies northern part Franz Josef Lands. It is located two kilometers from Cape Felder, which is the western end of Charles Alexander Island, and five kilometers from the island group of Pontremoli.

The shape of the southern island is elongated, its length is approximately 700 meters. Length northern island- about 400 meters. All territories are ice-free, there are no large hills. The islands are covered with stony placers.

The Drake Passage is a strait that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, washing the islands of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago in the north, and the South Shetland Islands belonging to Antarctica in the south.

It is the widest strait on Earth: the width of its narrowest part is more than 800 km. The strongest “Current of the West Winds” passes through the strait. Due to this, very strong storms are not uncommon in the water area of ​​the strait: the wind speed reaches 40 m/s, and the wave height - up to 15 m. Drifting ice is found in the waters of the strait.

The strait contains the most south point South American mainland and American continent- Diego Ramirez Islands, as well as the legendary Cape Horn. The strait got its name in honor of the navigator and pirate, the Englishman F. Drake, who passed here in 1578.
Today, the city is one of the most important tourist centers countries. Having survived the decline due to the closure of many textile industries, today the city is being revived thanks to the influx of numerous tourists. Attracts travelers from all over the world national park Mosi ao Tunya and Victoria Falls. In addition, there are several museums in the city, of which the Railway Museum is of particular interest. The city has a developed tourism infrastructure: shops, hotels, entertainment centers. Many local tour operators offer activities related to outdoor activities: elephant safari, river cruises, quad biking, rafting, kayaking, climbing.

I always loved geography and history in school. I read a lot of books about travelers and about their finds, watched films, was interested in scientific discoveries. I was surprised by the people who went on all sorts of expeditions. Particularly struck Russian commander Vitus Bering. In my opinion, he was a strikingly unique person.

Bering - Russian Dane

Bering Ivan Ivanovich (this is in Russia, but in fact Vitus Jonassen), although he was born and studied in Denmark, became an officer in the Russian fleet. He lived during reign of Peter I when the Russian fleet began to develop and new lands began to be developed. It was Peter who sent Bering's first expedition to the east to find an isthmus between the continents: ours and North America. This same Vitas, traveling for two years with the first scientific marine expedition, made a map and wrote eastern north of Asia.

What geographical features are named after Bering

It was a sin not to name such a discoverer some geographic features. And so:

Some plants of Kamchatka, streets in cities, Chukchi village, plane, ship, university. His name became brand even Danish hours.

In 1970, a film (practically, a biography) “The Ballad of Bering and His Friends” was shot about the navigator. With the discoveries of Bering and his expeditions, stamps and coins were issued.

In addition, there are other places that are named after Bering's ships or the names of his associates:

• Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky(in honor of the ships "St. Peter" and "St. Paul");
• Shumaginsky Islands(belong to America, named after a sailor who died on the expedition);
• St. Lawrence Island(Bering so named him in honor of the day of this saint. It was on this day that Bering arrived on the island).

Just an amazing person was this navigator and discoverer. Even died on the expedition.

Every person dreams of perpetuating his last name or first name. It was quite easy for travelers and ancient navigators to do this; the objects they discovered were named after them. Now with such discoveries it is much more difficult. Some people are even willing to pay money to have a distant star named after them. In honor of Amerigo Vespucci, as many as two continents were named, in honor of Christopher Columbus - the country of Colombia, and Marshall Islands named after John Marshall.

Geographical features named after travelers

Various geographical features are named after famous travelers and researchers. There are a lot of geographical objects bearing the names of travelers on our planet, in particular:

For the most part, all geographical objects that bear the name of travelers, their explorers, are located in hard-to-reach places. Where Europeans have lived for a long time and have always had the opportunity to explore this object, they are named much more interesting. But near the poles, almost every significant geographical feature bears someone's first or last name.

And personally, I am also interested in the fact that the people of our country really want to perpetuate themselves and therefore, at the slightest opportunity, they leave “rock inscriptions here I was ...”. For me, this approach is unacceptable. I believe that we need to look for other ways to leave a mark on history.

Travelers and adventurers have played a huge role in the discovery and development of entire continents, islands and remote areas of land. And today many of geographical objects bear the names of their discoverers.

Continents and islands named after travelers

Until the end of the fifteenth century, the civilized world knew only about two continents, which were Eurasia and Africa. However, even the territories of these continents have not been fully explored and mapped. In the fifteenth century sailing ships began to develop sharply, and navigators got the opportunity to make longer and longer long voyages. As a result, two new continents were discovered in the same century: Southern and North America. They can be considered the largest geographical objects that were named after the Italian merchant Amerigo Vespucci (he was not a discoverer, but only the first to guess that these were new continents).

After the next continent, Australia, was discovered, one of major islands(Tasmania) in its south was named after the discoverer Abel Tasman, who was a Dutchman.

In addition to Tasmania, there are smaller islands and archipelagos named after travelers, such as:

• O. Bering;
• O. Fadeya;
• O. Rotmanova;
• O. Barents.

Parts of the seas and continents named after travelers

Of the well-known geographical features named after travelers, the following can be indicated:

• Strait of Magellan;
• Mount Everest;
• Laptev sea;
• Bering Strait and the sea;
• Barencevo sea;
• Mackenzie River;
• Angel Falls.

The Strait of Magellan is called Spanish navigator Ferdinand Magellan, who was the first in the world to travel around the Earth. This strait is located between South America and the islands of Tierra del Fuego.

Everest, highest peak planet, was named after the leader of the British expedition that explored the Himalayas. locals The mountain is called Chomolungma.

The Laptev Sea, which is located in northern Russia, is named after cousins ​​who explored its shores in the 18th century.

On our planet, you can find many geographical objects named after travelers or discoverers. For example, the highest Mountain peak bears the name of George Everest, the head of the English expedition in Nepal. Russian navigator Bering gave his name to the strait between Eurasia and America. To the south of Australia is the island of Tasmania, whose name is formed from the name of the Dutch discoverer Abel Tasman. Off the coast South America There is the Strait of Magellan.

Drake Strait and Lisyansky Island, Cape Chelyuskin and Livingston Falls, Australian Tasmania and Hudson Bay... Naming the places where the ships of legendary travelers ended up many years ago, we will admire the daredevils who left their names on geographical maps for centuries.

Wrangel Island

Flag Russian Empire The crew of the Vaigach icebreaker raised the island in 1911. However, it was not Russian polar explorers who discovered it, but the British explorer Henry Kellett, who in 1849 passed by on a ship, but did not land on the shore. The island got its name in honor of Ferdinand Petrovich Wrangel - admiral, navigator, polar explorer who studied the northeast coast of Siberia and West Coast North America from the Bering Strait to California, was the ruler of Russian America and actively opposed the sale of Alaska to the United States.

Wrangel Island, lost on the far north, in the Arctic Ocean, has been under the protection of UNESCO since 2004. Last glacial period bypassed it, so today there are as many rare animals and plants as there are on any Arctic island in the world. Even willows grow here, however, dwarf ones, no more than a meter high. Its real owners are walruses, polar bears and geese. Scientists say that it is on these shores that one of the largest walrus rookeries in the Arctic is quartered - up to 130 thousand individuals. On Wrangel itself and the neighboring tiny Herald, there is the largest number of "maternity" polar bear dens in the world - from 300 to 500.

Strait of Magellan

In 1520 Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan made several geographical discoveries. The first and foremost of these was the discovery of a 575-kilometer strait between the islands at the southern tip of South America and the mainland itself. The search for the strait took a lot of time: Magellan studied more than two thousand kilometers of the coast, looking out for the treasured sea corridor among the endless bays and bays. Before embarking on the “wintering”, Magellan mistook the mouth of the La Plata River for the strait, but soon realized that he was mistaken.

Only months later, Magellan's flotilla ended up at a narrow strait that led deep into the mainland. The ships passed it in 38 days, and the Portuguese did not lose a single ship during this difficult journey. Exploring the strait, Magellan at the same time discovered the archipelago Tierra del Fuego, and also gave the name to the ocean in which he ended up - Pacific (swimming took place in good weather).

Mount Fitzroy

British Navy officer Robert Fitzroy went down in history as an explorer of unfriendly southern shores Latin America, and also as the person who discovered Charles Darwin to the world. It was him, a 23-year-old graduate of the University of Cambridge, that Fitzroy took with him on a trip around the world on the Beagle ship and allowed him to collect huge scientific material during the trip.

On December 27, 1831, the ship left Portsmouth and set sail. On board the Beagle was a team of 70 people, as well as three Indians, whom Fitzroy had taken to England during a previous expedition to get acquainted with civilization, and now he wanted to return to their homeland. Having reached the shores of South America, the ship spent more than three years off its coast. Fitzroy did an enormous amount of cartographic work, charting numerous islets off the east and western coast mainland, explored the Strait of Magellan and Patagonia.

It's funny that Robert Fitzroy, during his journey, never saw the mountain that today bears his name. Almost 40 years after his voyage to the South American peak in the wilds of Patagonia, the Argentine traveler Francisco Moreno came across. He decided to name the picturesque peak 3375 meters high in honor of the famous British explorer.

Cape Dezhnev

Semyon Ivanovich Dezhnev in 1648 rounded the Chukotka Peninsula from the north and proved that it was possible to get from Europe to China through northern seas. He passed through the strait separating America from Eurasia 80 years earlier than Vitus Bering, but since little was known about Russian pioneers in the Old World at that time, Bering got fame. However, in 1879, restoring justice, the Swedish Arctic explorer Niels Nordenskiöld named the extreme eastern point of Eurasia after the Russian navigator. Until that time, the cape was called Vostochny.

Cape Dezhnev is one of the most brutal places on the Chukotka Peninsula. Here the rocks are piled one on top of the other, there are often fogs and a piercing wind is constantly blowing. However, despite the remoteness from civilization, there are sights in these places: the lighthouse named after Semyon Dezhnev and the old cross, installed nearby, the abandoned settlement of whalers of the 18th-20th centuries - Naukan (it was disbanded under Soviet rule). However, those who climb into these parts go to look at unique fauna: countless bird markets are located here, there is a walrus and seal rookery, in spring you can see polar bears with cubs. Sometimes killer whales and gray whales swim close to the shore.

Mount Cook

The highest peak in New Zealand (3754 meters) is located on the South Island, in the Aoraki Mount Cook National Park. This is the land of endless valleys, glaciers, lakes and the Southern Alps (so called mountain range stretching from south to north). The air here is so cold and fresh that it burns the lungs. The weather is changeable: sometimes the sun shines brightly, sometimes it drizzles. Dozens of wild flower species grow in the foothills, and a few meters higher, on mountain slopes, the ground is covered with an ice crust and a layer of snow.

The mountain is named after one of the most famous navigators who ever lived, James Cook. The English explorer visited the coast of New Zealand during his first trip around the world in 1768-1771. He opened the strait between the North and southern islands(bears his name) and proved that New Zealand- these are two independent pieces of land, and not part of an unknown mainland.

Ratmanov Island

Ratmanov Island is located in the Bering Strait and is big rock with a flat top covered with a cap of snow. This is the easternmost point of Russia, from where, in good weather, you can see the coast of Alaska. There is no special life here, except that the border guards are on duty, and buffy hummingbirds fly in to stay during the migration, which are heading for California.

The name of the island has changed several times. At first, it bore the name Imaklik - that was the name of the Eskimos who once lived here. Another name is Big Diomede (“big diomeid”, as the Americans say). There is also Little Diomede (or Krusenstern Island), it is a neighbor of Ratmanov Island and belongs to the USA. The name of Diomede was given to the archipelago by Vitus Bering, who in August 1728 ended up in these parts on his boat "Saint Gabriel". 90 years later, the waters of the Bering Strait were plied by the navigator Otto Kotzebue, who decided to name Big Diomede after his colleague, naval officer Makar Ratmanov, with whom he participated in the circumnavigation.

Bering Strait

The strait, along which the water border between Russia and the United States passes and which separates the continents of Eurasia and North America, is named after Vitus Bering, an officer of the Russian fleet of Danish origin. In the XVIII century, he led two expeditions to Kamchatka, discovered several Aleutian Islands. Bering passed through this strait in 1728, the first European navigator.

The width of the strait at its narrowest point is only 86 kilometers, and desperate daredevils periodically try to overcome this distance by boat or by swimming. Most often, their plans are frustrated due to bad weather. In the summer of 2012, Philippe Croison, a French disabled athlete without arms and legs, swam across a 4-kilometer section of the strait between Kruzenshtern Island and Ratmanov Island.

Drake Passage

The strait connecting the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean is the widest on Earth. Even its narrow part is more than 800 kilometers. In the north it washes the Tierra del Fuego archipelago, in the south it borders on Antarctica, more precisely on the Southern Shetland Islands. The famous English pirate Francis Drake discovered this strait. It was he who first sailed through it in 1578 on the ship "Golden Doe", thus making the second trip around the world after Magellan.

The Drake Passage is a very dangerous place for sailors, it is replete with whirlpools, bad weather often rages in it and severe storms occur. To defeat him, you have to be very brave. Such, for example, as Fedor Konyukhov. In 2010 Russian traveler at the head round the world expedition sailed through it for the sixth time.

Hudson Bay

This huge water area in the north of Canada is called the Canadian Inland Sea due to the fact that the bay goes deep into the country. It is noteworthy that Hudson Bay refers to both the North Arctic Ocean as well as to the Atlantic.

Sebastian Cabot was the first to visit here at the beginning of the 16th century. A hundred years later, in 1611, the bay was rediscovered by Henry Hudson under tragic circumstances. On another expedition in search of a northern route to Asia, Hudson encountered a mutiny on the ship. The sailors took possession of the ship and turned back, and he, with his son and other members of the crew, who probably supported the Hudson, were put on a rowboat, leaving them no supplies. More about destiny legendary navigator nothing is known. It is believed that he disappeared in the icy expanses of the bay, deservedly named after him.

Lisyansky Island

This little Pacific island in the northwest Hawaiian archipelago It was discovered during Ivan Krusenstern's round-the-world trip in 1805. It was named after the captain of the Neva sloop Fyodor Lisyansky, who participated in the expedition. Until the beginning of the 20th century, guano was mined here - fertilizer from litter. Since 1909, the island, at the initiative of Theodore Roosevelt, became part of the Hawaiian Bird Sanctuary.

Not far from Lisyansky Island is a giant coral reef with an area of ​​979 square kilometers called "Neva Shoals", or "Neva Shoals" (Neva Shoals), which got its name because of the Neva vessel, on which Lisyansky and his team sailed. It was they who first discovered this reef, stumbling upon it and miraculously not breaking. It is here, in the Neva Shoals area, that you can see the most beautiful coral colonies, for which the reef is called the “coral garden”.

Thaddeus Islands

The Thaddeus Islands are named after the discoverer of Antarctica, Thaddeus Faddeevich Bellingshausen. They are located at east coast the Taimyr Peninsula. This group of islands was discovered in 1736 by members of the Great Northern Expedition, or rather, by the detachment of Vasily Pronchishchev, a Russian polar explorer. They were moving on wooden ship along northeast coast Taimyr, at the risk of getting stuck in the ice, and made a description coastline. Together with Pronchishchev, his wife Tatyana also traveled. True, unofficially. However, she became the first female member of the Arctic expeditions.

There is a version that the islands were found much earlier, in 1689, when Ivan Tolstoukhov, the first explorer of Taimyr, went to study these lands. However, his ship was crushed by ice. According to scientists, people then landed on the Thaddeus Islands, having managed to save the most valuable and necessary things from the ship. From the islands, they crossed the frozen sea to the mainland, where they built a hut from driftwood. But none of the members of Tolstoukhov's expedition could survive. That is why nothing was known about the islands before Pronchishchev's campaign.

Cape Chelyuskin

Man first reached Cape Chelyuskin in 1742. Then the expedition led by Semyon Ivanovich Chelyuskin named the Cape East-Northern. It took place as part of the Great Northern Expedition, which was approved by the Admiralty Board, which considered that it was necessary to explore in detail the north of Russia from Pechora to Chukotka and make a description of those places. In honor of Semyon Chelyuskin, a polar navigator and explorer of the north of Russia, the cape was named already in 1842, when the centenary of his expedition was celebrated.

The northernmost point of the Taimyr Peninsula has a harsh climate. Winter here is year-round, the snow practically does not melt, and the temperature in July and August usually does not exceed +1C°. In 1932, a polar station was equipped on the cape, to which an observatory was later added. Now the station has been transferred to the status of a meteorological station. About 10 people constantly winter on it. Communication with the mainland and civilization is provided by the Cape Chelyuskin airfield with a helipad.

Livingston Falls

Livingston Falls - a system of rapids and waterfalls, stretching for 350 kilometers on the Congo River, in its downstream. This cascading water fall system is considered the world's largest in terms of water flow per second. The level difference of the river here is 270 meters.

Waterfalls end in the main seaport Republic of the Congo - Matadi, who founded the English journalist, traveler, African explorer Henry Morton Stanley. He also named the waterfalls he found in the Congo in honor of David Livingston, a Scotsman, an outstanding explorer of Africa. Having spent on this continent most of his life, Livingston walked along it on foot for a total of about 50 thousand kilometers! At the same time, it is curious that he never saw the system of rapids discovered by Stanley, since he studied only the upper reaches of the Congo.

The most visited of the entire Livingston water cascade system is the Inga waterfall, 96 meters high. Helicopter rides are organized here, and the especially brave pass through the rapids of the Congo in kayaks, canoes and even rafts. You can also participate in hiking trails with guides recreating the path of Henry Morton Stanley, but this requires good physical fitness and appropriate equipment.

tasmania island

The island of Tasmania, located off the coast of Australia, has opened Dutch navigator Abel Tasman back in 1642. True, the sailors did not go ashore then, but after walking a few miles, they turned east and a few days later ended up off the coast of New Zealand. Here they had their first and, at the same time, bloody meeting with the Maori natives, during which several sailors died. The expedition continued, and the islands of Fiji and Tonga were soon discovered. However, the leadership of the East India Company recognized the expedition as unsuccessful, since new trade routes weren't found. And Australia, New Zealand and the island of Tasmania were forgotten for another 100 years. While in these southern lands the famous navigator James Cook did not reach. The island got its real name almost 200 years later, in 1856.

Today, a good half of the island of Tasmania - protected area With national parks and fields where opium is grown legally for the pharmaceutical industry. There are hundreds of tales about strangely behaving birds and dancing kangaroos, but one thing is clear - the poppy fields here are very beautiful in any weather.
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