The most interesting sights of Pskov. Monument "Battle of the Ice". Monastery of the Nativity of the Virgin

The ancient Russian city of Pskov has been mentioned in chronicles since 903. It is simply amazing that with such a long history, it has preserved priceless monuments. The sights of Pskov are so numerous that it is necessary to devote a lot of time to getting to know them. We will not be able to "visit" all memorable places city ​​and its environs, but we will tell you about the most significant of them.

Pskov Kremlin

Thousands of tourists from our country and from abroad come to this ancient city. Sights of Pskov, photos and descriptions of them can be found in many special publications. locals consider the Pskov Kremlin to be the most outstanding of them.

This is a monumental fortress, which was built at the end of the 11th century. She became political and shopping mall cities. The Kremlin occupies an area of ​​more than three hectares. The fortress is surrounded by a stone wall of enormous thickness. I must say that almost all the sights of Pskov, despite their very respectable age, are in excellent condition. An example of this is the Trinity Cathedral of the 17th century, which is still active today.

Vlasievskaya tower, Pskov

Sights, photos of which often appear in various publications (including abroad), have become a symbol of Russia for many foreigners.

The Vlasyevskaya Tower is located on the territory of the Pskov Kremlin. She was one of defensive towers cities. Its construction dates back to the 15th century. The tower has a high tent and an observation deck. In ancient times, it was part of the defensive line of the fortress walls near the Velikaya River. The tower is named after the temple of Vlasius, which was located near the Dovmont wall.

Thunder tower

This building was erected in the city in 1525. Initially, the tower was called Kosmodemyanskaya. Today it is a building almost 20 m high, completely isolated. The diameter of the Gremyachaya Tower is 15 meters. Inside there are six tiers on which guns were installed. In ancient times, there was a wall near the tower, which was connected to several arches that blocked the river.

There are many legends associated with this building. One of them says that a priceless treasure is hidden in the basement of the tower, the ringing of its coins gave the building its name. The tower has an underground passage, it was built to provide water to the defenders of the city during a long siege.

Truvorovo settlement

This is the place of the first settlement, from which the history of today's Izborsk begins. It is located on Gorodishchensky Cape. The Izborsk fortress was built here, which was later transferred to its current location.

The area of ​​the settlement is a little over 1 hectare. It rises above the lake to a height of 45 m. A fortress was erected on the southern, open side. Today you can see the remains of a moat and earthen embankment, which has the shape of a semicircle. Behind them were residential buildings, in the very center of which the main square of the settlement was located.

In 2011, specialists from the Hermitage (St. Petersburg) began to restore the settlement.

Pskov attractions - Izborsk

A small picturesque village located 30 km from Pskov, in the Pechersky district. This place is located near the border with Estonia. Distance from Moscow is 850 km.

The Izborsky Museum-Reserve is a great combination natural beauties(Slovensky keys, Malskaya valley, a chain of lakes) and monuments dating back to the Middle Ages (Izborsk fortress of the 14th century, Truvorovo settlement (VIII century), Malsky monastery of the XV century, as well as merchant estates, chapels and temples) - all of them create a magnificent ensemble , which has preserved the long history of the Pskov land.

Izborsk became one of the first border fortifications that stood in the way of enemies.

You can see the sights of Pskov and the surrounding area by bus or by car. You can often hear the name Old Izborsk, which sometimes confuses tourists. The fact is that a few kilometers away is the village of Novy Izborsk, built in the 19th century as a railway station. Today, the Iron City festival is held annually in Izborsk. In addition, the village is famous for the so-called Slovenian Keys. According to local residents, the water from them heals, gives vigor and strength.

Old Izborsk, surrounded by forests, is a small but very picturesque village. His life would have been quiet and peaceful, if not for the huge influx of tourists. And the reason for this interest lies in the famous fortress.

Many believe that Izborsk contains the main attractions of Pskov and the region. First of all, it is a medieval fortress, striking in its power and beauty. It seems that the centuries-old walls are part of a magnificent landscape.

This fortress inspires artists and writers, and also attracts tourists.

Izborsk fortress is one of the best examples of fortification architecture. This architectural ensemble is well preserved. Its territory is 2.4 hectares, the walls stretch for 850 m, and their thickness reaches 3 m.

Currently, the fortress is a historical and architectural museum-reserve "Izborsk", located at the address: st. Pecherskaya, 39.

Nikolsky Cathedral

Many people dream of coming to the city of Pskov. The sights of the city and its environs are truly unique. For example, Nikolsky Cathedral (XIV century), which is located on the territory of the Izborsk fortress. Today it is active.

Of particular interest is the Cathedral Bell Tower, built much later than the main building (XIX century). A festival of historical reconstruction is regularly held in Izborsk.

Slovenian Keys

This well-known spring is located in the vicinity of Izborsk. Slovenian keys are the most powerful of those to which folk rumor ascribes healing qualities. The history of these sources dates back several millennia. They are located in the Izborsko-Malskaya valley. In these places The groundwater make their way to the surface from under the dolomite and limestone slabs. The water of the springs is crystal clear, transparent and highly mineralized - it contains a lot of calcium. Every second Slovenian springs provide about 3.5 liters of water.

Many traditions and legends are associated with them. There is a version that they got their name in honor of Prince Sloven. After the battle with the Livonians on the Slovenian field, so many soldiers died that the earth was stained with blood, and bloody water began to flow from the springs. One of the townspeople saw a dream in which he was told that the elect should name the sources with the names of the apostles, come to them with a penitential prayer, serve a service, which will return clean water. Local residents say that after all the rituals were performed, the springs began to be called "Keys of the 12 Apostles" as well.

Today, the springs never dry up. True, their "activity" depends on the dryness of the year.

Once upon a time, there was a mill on the Slovensky Springs, and they supplied the whole city with water. They are often mentioned in ancient chronicles. Today it is about 12-15 jets that fall on the limestone in small cascades. Gathering into a common stream, the jets flow into the Gorodishchenskoye Lake. The keys have become a popular attraction of the Izborsk Museum. Over the past ten years, the keys have been consecrated.

Lake Peipsi

Freshwater lake with an area of ​​more than 2600 sq. km. Its northern and western coast belong to Estonia, and the eastern one - to Russia. The border between the countries runs along the center of the reservoir. The lake is fed by numerous streams and rivers, and only Narva flows out of it. The nature in the vicinity of Lake Peipus is unique. Magnificent deciduous forests and sand dunes with centuries-old pines resemble the Riga seaside.

The coastal zone has more than 50 species of animals and birds. The water is very clean; sandy bottom, banks overgrown with reeds. There are 29 large and small islands on the lake, the largest of them belongs to Estonia. On Lake Peipsi lovers gather untouched nature. On weekends, residents of Pskov and St. Petersburg relax here.

Pogankin Chambers

No less good are the sights of Pskov of a historical nature. Of great interest to tourists are the Pogankin Chambers - a complex of commercial and residential premises, occupying huge area. Today it houses the Historical and Architectural Museum of Pskov. It presents a unique collection of icons of the XIV-XVII centuries, a huge collection of coins, silver, jewelry.

Museum-estate of Sofia Kovalevskaya

The amazing city of Pskov. Attractions (we posted a photo in our article) are so diverse that they can interest people of all ages. In addition, they are interesting to people of different professions.

Many sights of Pskov are connected with the life of great people. The Sofia Kovalevskaya Museum shows visitors her personal belongings and documents. It recreates the atmosphere of those times when the first female scientist lived and worked. The exposition presents antique furniture, collections of paintings, drawings and sculptures.

Museum-estate of Mussorgsky

This is the only complete exposition in Russia dedicated to the great composer, whose works have become world classics. The manor is a wooden building built by Mussorgsky's grandfather in the early 19th century. The museum displays the furniture of the family, which is perfectly preserved. In addition, the composer's personal belongings, his stage costumes and documents are exhibited here. The employees of the museum-estate offer to visit excursion programs for children and adults.

Museum-estate of Rimsky-Korsakov

The museum building was reconstructed, and therefore does not exactly repeat the original form, but the atmosphere of the house was recreated with maximum authenticity. Here you can visit both regular and theatrical tours.

Art Gallery

The exposition has a great artistic value. In addition, it is very important historically. The gallery has more than 7,000 paintings, of which 200 paintings survived the Second World War.

Mirozh Monastery

Many sights of Pskov are priceless monuments of church architecture. Today this active male monastery is famous all over the world for its rarest frescoes. Orthodox people from all over the world come here to see them with their own eyes. In addition, the interest of pilgrims is Stefan's Church, the bell tower, and brotherly cells.

Monastery of the Nativity of the Virgin

This is another active home. Initially, it was created as a male, but today - female. After restoration, visitors are presented with the most valuable examples of church painting.

Holy Assumption Monastery

The sights of Pskov, photos and descriptions of which can be found in all guidebooks for this ancient city, are very diverse. So, the Holy Assumption Monastery is not only an old rarity, today it is a functioning male monastery. Founded at the end of the 15th century, on the site of a cave that was discovered to people by accident.

Undoubtedly, the sights of Pskov, the photos of which we presented in our article, are not limited to those described above. But we would recommend that you see them first of all if there is not enough time for long excursions.

are knocked out

Many tourists note that Pskov is especially beautiful in winter. The sights of the city look especially impressive in the snow decoration.

Everyone who comes to Pskov will definitely need a map of the city with sights. On it you will see that Vybuty is located very close to Pskov (15 km)

According to an ancient legend, Princess Olga was born here. Initially, this place was of great strategic importance for the city. There was a ford across Velikaya, and therefore in ancient times, when the enemy attacked the city, troops were sent here to protect it.

On the bank of the river stands an ancient church, which is consecrated in honor of St. Elijah. Not far from it you can see the base of the stone of Princess Olga. Once it was very large, but in the 20th century it was blown up.

Slightly below Vybut Velikaya "forks". Two formed sleeves separates the island. It was here, according to legend, that little Olga met her future husband, Prince Igor.

Pushkin mountains

The most interesting museum reserve is located in the Pushkinogorsk district. More than 300 thousand tourists from all over the world come here every year.

Museum-Reserve "Mikhailovskoe"

The Pskov region is famous for its Pushkin places, which are located in the area Pushkin mountains. These are the villages of Trigorskoye and Petrovskoye, Mikhailovskoye, closely associated with the work and life of the great poet.

The well-known museum-reserve includes all three villages with their memorial parks. In addition, on this territory, the area of ​​​​which reaches 9800 hectares, there are:

• the grave of Alexander Sergeevich and the tomb of the Pushkins-Ganniballs;
• settlements "Voronich", "Velje" "Savkino" "Vrev";
• "Mill" - a museum in the village;
• Holy Assumption Monastery (XVI - XIX) centuries;
• estates of Pushkin's friends and relatives - Golubovo, Voskresenskoye, Lysaya Gora, Deriglazovo.

Polistovsky Reserve

It is located in the west of the Polistovo-Lovatskaya bog system. I must say that it is the largest in Europe.

Three ecological routes are organized in the reserve. You can go hiking on the Mosswing Path and Plavnica Bog, or take part in a boat trip to Lake Polisto. The cost of these excursions is 400 - 700 rubles per person (depending on the route). Groups usually consist of 4 to 7 people. Pre-registration is required.

Pskov - unique city With richest history. Quantity architectural monuments per square meter clearly puts it in one of the first places among the excursion tourist destinations Russia. Until the 16th century, it was the center of the free Pskov Republic, an independent state formation, where a form of medieval feudal democracy existed.

First of all, Pskov is notable for the fact that many religious and civil buildings of the 12th-16th centuries have been preserved here, which were not damaged during the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Cities located to the south felt its destructive power in full measure, but Pskov managed to partially maintain its historical heritage. Therefore, today tourists can admire the walls ancient fortress and ancient cathedrals.

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What to see and where to go in Pskov?

The most interesting and beautiful places for walking. Photos and a short description.

The Pskov Kremlin is an inimitable building. Its difference from the fortresses of Tver, Moscow, Smolensk and other Russian cities is that it was not influenced by Italian architecture. The fortification was built in a brutal, solid style, typical for the free Pskov Republic of the XIV-XVI centuries. In the past, Krom reliably protected the city from enemies. At one time it was one of the largest fortresses in Europe.

The ancient settlement originated from the place where the Pskov and Velikaya rivers merge. Today, there is the historical center of the city with well-groomed embankments and walking alleys. The indestructible stronghold of the Pskov Krom stretches along the Velikaya. Near one of the towers of the Lower Lattices, Pskov begins, you can go to it through an arched hole in a powerful stone wall.

A stone defensive building of the 13th century, erected under Prince Dovmont to further strengthen the Pskov Kremlin. It is believed that in the 9th century there were settlements of artisans. Ruins have survived to this day - the remains of the foundations of walls and temples, which were demolished and covered up in the 18th century as unnecessary, like other ancient buildings. The territory of Dovmontov city came to its final desolation by the 19th century.

Orthodox church of the 17th century, built in the style of Moscow architecture. The first cathedral on this site was erected in the 10th century by the will of Princess Olga. The building was wooden, it stood for almost 200 years until it died in a fire. The second church was built in 1188, but in 1363 it collapsed. The relics of princes Dovmont-Timofei and Vsevolod-Gabriel are kept in the temple.

The exact date of foundation of the Pskov fortress is unknown. This building is mentioned in the ancient Tale of Bygone Years. Stone towers to strengthen the defensive functions began to be erected only in the 15th century. Once there were 40 of them, far from all have survived to this day. Among the well-preserved buildings are Vlasievskaya, Rybnitskaya, Sredny, Vysoka, Ploskaya, Kutekroma and many others.

Residential and industrial building of the 17th century, built by order of the merchant S.I. Pogankin, who at that time was one of the richest merchants in the city. Today the complex is part of the Pskov Historical and Artistic and architectural museum-reserve. It houses several interesting expositions, including a collection of paintings from the 14th-17th centuries and a rich collection of silver.

Administrative building of the 17th century, the only building of this type that has survived to this day. The chambers are a powerful stone building with walls over 2 meters thick and a hipped metal roof. Until 1692, in their place was a wooden Prikaznaya hut, where the local, discharge, embassy, ​​court and money "tables" - departments were located. Today, the chambers house the city Cultural Center.

Residential stone building with three floors, built for the merchant Semyon Menshikov in the 17th century. Initially, it was five-story (two wooden levels were on top). At the beginning of the 18th century, as a result of a fire, almost the entire building burned down, the masonry of the walls was damaged, after which the Menshikovs sold the house and never lived in it again. Today, the completely restored chambers house the Pskov Gonchar Museum and other expositions.

Religious buildings of Pskov are an important part of the architectural heritage of the city and the whole country. There are preserved churches of the XII-XV centuries, which is a rarity for Russia, since most of the ancient buildings did not survive the invasion of the Tatar-Mongols. Among famous temples- Annunciation and Trinity Cathedrals, Churches of St. Nicholas from Usokhi, Peter and Paul from Buy, Vasily on Gorka, Michael the Archangel from Gorodets.

Men's monastery of the XII century with well-preserved (and the only one in Russia) frescoes of the pre-Mongolian period. In the Middle Ages the monastery was the cultural center of Pskov. Under him, a library with a staff of scribes and an icon-painting workshop worked. The complex was repeatedly attacked and became a victim of natural disasters; in the 20th century it was closed. In 2010, the monastery passed into the possession of the Russian Orthodox Church.

The female monastery of the XIII century, one of the oldest on the Pskov land (originally the monastery was male). The architecture of the complex is a mixture of traditional Russian styles from different eras. For such a long existence, he has seen many events: destruction, transformation, flourishing, decline and again - rebirth. In 1472, the Grand Duchess of Moscow Sophia Paleolog stayed here.

In memory of historical events In 1242, when Western Christian orders made another attempt to seize the rich Novgorod and Pskov lands, already in the 20th century a monument was erected on Mount Sokolikha. The monument was erected in 1993, timed to coincide with its opening to the 1090th anniversary of Pskov. It consists of figures of Alexander Nevsky on horseback, a boyar in a ceremonial cloak and foot knights, frozen in full combat readiness.

The monument was erected in 2002 in the village of Cheryokha in memory of the feat of the soldiers of the 6th Airborne Company. During the Second Chechen War, they delayed the retreat of the militants in the Argun Gorge at the cost of their own lives. The monument was created by the Pskov sculptor A. Tsarik. It is a large parachute that relies on a depicting mountain peak pedestal.

The museum is named after the novel of the same name. The initiator of the creation was the regional children's library. The exposition is dedicated to expeditions and pioneers. It will be of interest to everyone who is interested in sea voyages, adventures and discoveries. Part of the collection covers the work of the writer V. A. Kaverin, as well as the history of its creation famous novel"Two captains". In front of the entrance to the museum there is a monument to Sanya Grigoriev and Ivan Tatarinov, the main characters of the work.

A monument of civil architecture of the 17th century, almost completely preserved to this day in an unchanged form. It is also known as the Ksiondza House. The wooden parts of the building burned down during a fire in 1944, but the stone structures survived. After restoration, a museum and a blacksmith's workshop were opened on the territory of the house, where products of Pskov masters are demonstrated.

Museum of beekeeping, which is located in the Pechora district, about 40 km. from Pskov. It was founded by beekeeper G. V. Glazov in 2002. The exposition is a collection of items of peasant life of the 19th-20th centuries, which includes dishes, elements of the interior of the hut, tools, handicrafts, as well as devices for collecting and storing honey: biostator hives, honeycombs, hollows.

The museum is located in a building opposite the city railway station. Its exposition consists of objects that tell about the history of the emergence and development of the railway business in Pskov. The collection is housed in three rooms. Visitors can see interesting rare exhibits: repair tools of the 19th century, replicas of old tickets, candle lanterns, as well as learn about the peculiarities of laying tracks in different countries.

The construction of the stage began in 1899 in honor of the 100th anniversary of the birth of A. S. Pushkin. Funds were raised thanks to donations from citizens. Until the 1920s, the theater did not have a permanent troupe, so the actors changed from season to season. The first building was destroyed during the Second World War, but already in 1946 it was restored and theatrical performances resumed. In the period 2012–14 it has undergone extensive restoration.

A small Orthodox church built at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries on the banks of the Velikaya River. There used to be a chapel here, which was closed in the 1920s and demolished in the 1960s. The building is made in traditional Russian architectural style characteristic of the churches of the period of the Pskov Republic. The temple is located in the middle of a convenient observation deck from which you can admire the river and the opposite bank.

Memorial complex and extensive park zone located 115 km. from Pskov. The reserve is known for the fact that on its territory there is the grave of A. S. Pushkin and the Svyatogorsk Holy Assumption Monastery with the cemetery of the Hannibals-Pushkins. There are also several estates with parks, estates of the poet's relatives and friends, museums, remains of ancient settlements, picturesque natural meadows and lakes.

See Pskov in one day - is it possible? I think yes. In one day spent in Pskov, you can see a little of what the Pskov land is rich in. But still, even one day gives an idea of ​​this ancient city.

Sightseeing tour of the city of Pskov

The most important place ancient city From time immemorial, the Pskov Kremlin has been considered. Behind the walls of the Kremlin, trade was carried on and life was seething. The center of the city was Veche Square, where meetings were held and with the help of the townspeople crucial decisions were made for the city. At one of these meetings, in 1397, the Pskov Judicial Charter was approved - a collection of laws by which the republic lived. The last blows of the veche bell were heard by the inhabitants of Pskov on January 13, 1510. Then the Pskov Veche Republic became part of Muscovite Rus'. On the southern part of the fortifications of Pskov - Persyakh (Pershah), a veche bell tower towered. The chamber of meetings of the boyars was also located here, and the archive of the veche republic was also kept.

Kremlin or as it is called Krom - these are powerful fortress walls, one of the most impregnable fortresses middle ages. If your tour of the city will take place with a guide, then you will learn about the structure of the fortress and the secrets, thanks to which the enemy never managed to take it in battle. Trinity Cathedral — main temple Pskov land. The first building of the cathedral was built in the tenth century, at the direction of Grand Duchess Olga. The cathedral is the tomb of three Pskov saints, patrons of the city of Pskov. The cathedral houses the miraculous icon of the Chir Mother of God (fifteenth century), which is an object of worship for many believers. The Kremlin stands on a rock, and in ancient times, when there were no multi-storey buildings in the city, the golden dome of the Trinity Cathedral was visible from a distance on a clear day.

The second stone cathedral was erected in the seventeenth century by order of the first Pskov prince Vsevolod-Gabriel. But the most surprising was the third Trinity Cathedral, erected in 1367. He played a decisive role in the development of local architectural traditions. The reconstruction of the cathedral told about its 25 thrones and 32 slopes of its ceiling. The modern Trinity Cathedral was the fourth in a row. It was built in 1699. The temple is notable for its intricate iconostasis in seven tiers. Outside the walls of the temple, the relics of the Pskov saints are buried in a shrine: Dovmont, Vsevolod-Gabriel, Nikolka Salos. Since ancient times, Pskov has been called the House of the Holy Trinity.

Once upon a time, the Pskov veche roared near the walls of the cathedral, the council of the veche republic met “in the hallway”, the cathedral kept key documents Pskov. Pskov warriors left the walls of the Trinity Cathedral to fight the enemy, Pskov princes and bishops were buried in the sub-church. In the cathedral hung the swords of Vsevolod-Gabriel and Dovmont-Timofei, canonized as saints. On the sword of the first Pskov prince Vsevolod-Gabriel was engraved the motto: "I will not give up my honor to anyone." The second sword belonged to Dovmont-Timofei, who, like an epic hero, reigned in Pskov for 33 years. In moments of danger for Pskov, the Pskov land, he addressed the veche: "Brothers, men of Pskov, pull for the Holy Trinity and for the holy churches, for your fatherland." In the Trinity Cathedral, an important act of state was performed: “planting on the table” (approval) of the Pskov prince, kissing the cross of allegiance to Pskov.

The Belfry of the Trinity Cathedral, dating back to the seventeenth-nineteenth centuries, deserves special attention. It replaced the ancient tower "on Radchina vskhod". You can see all these wonderful buildings with your own eyes by visiting the Pskov Kremlin.

Dovmontov city - got its name from the name of Prince Dovmont, who ruled in Pskov

The tour continues in the city of Dovmont, which got its name from the prince Dovmont, who ruled in Pskov at the end of the eighteenth century. Here, archaeologists unearthed the remains of temples and civil buildings. A magnificent architectural monument of the seventeenth century has survived to this day - the Order Chambers. Dovmontova wall - the second belt of the defensive walls of the Pskov fortress, which covered it from the most accessible to the enemy south side. Today, the wall is decorated with a decorative composition in memory of the victory of Alexander Nevsky on Lake Peipus, including the Pskov coat of arms. In front of it, a protective ditch was previously dug - Rowing. On the left, at the junction of the walls, stands the faceted Dovmont Tower, which stands out among its sisters with its “European” appearance. It was built in the nineteenth century on the site of the more ancient Smerdya tower, in which there was one of the gates of Krom (Pskov Kremlin).

On the territory of the city of Dovmontov, one can see several foundations of churches, showing the building density of the 15th century. During the heyday of Pskov, 19 churches were located in the Dovmontov city, in the western side there were princely mansions, in the south-west - civil buildings, where the management of industrial, merchant and church affairs of the city was located. Each temple (and these, apparently, were workshop churches of the patron saints of the associations of artisans and merchants) had its own cemetery, with fences and gates, and even there were huts! By the seventeenth century, only eleven churches had survived in the Dovmontov city, as well as the Palace Prikaz, Sezzhaya, Prikaznaya and Dyachya huts, and other government buildings, of which only the Prikaz chambers survived. Order Chambers

In the congress (prikaznaya) hut of the seventeenth century, the voivodeship department of Pskov was located. Here, under the supervision of the governor and clerks, administrative paperwork was concentrated, investigations, trials and reprisals were carried out. By decree of May 15, 1687, it was renamed into the Order Chamber. Built in 1693, instead of a wooden one, the stone building of the Order Chamber was made with "the kindest craftsmanship." On the first floor there was a vestibule, a room for convicts and a clerk's archive, on the second floor there were the chambers of the voivode and clerks. In 1701, with the beginning of the Northern War, the Order Chamber was liquidated, and an arsenal was equipped in its building. Since 1760, there was a spiritual consistory here, then merchants' shops, a tavern and a tea house were located. The Prikaznaya Chamber is the only surviving administrative building of the seventeenth century in Pskov. Now in the building of the chamber there is an exposition-exhibition and cultural center of the Pskov Museum-Reserve, on the second floor the interior of the chambers of the times of the voivodeship administration has been recreated.

At Pokrovskaya tower tourists learn about the siege of Pskov by the troops of Stefan Batory in 1581. On the example of the Church of St. Nicholas from Usokhi, one can get acquainted with the features of the Pskov school of architecture. The Intercession Tower was built in the late fifteenth - early sixteenth centuries. The most powerful fortress tower of Pskov. At one time, the dimensions of the Pokrovskaya Tower were not equal in Western Europe. The length of its circumference is 90 meters, the height is more than 50 meters, the interior has a five-tier division. In September 1581, a fierce battle broke out here between the Pskovites and the troops of Stefan Batory. The fierce battle ended late at night, the Poles who sat in the dilapidated Pokrovskaya Tower surrendered. The Pskovites lost 863 killed and 1626 wounded in repulsing the assault, the losses of the Poles were six times greater. The Pokrovskaya Tower is part of the so-called Pokrovsky complex of the historical part of Pskov. It also includes the Intercession Gates, part of the fortress wall, Peter's bastions, the Church of the Intercession from Prolom, a monument to the 300th anniversary of the defense of 1581.

Among the monuments of civil architecture of the seventeenth century Special attention given to the most famous building - Pogankin chambers. In the old merchant chambers of the merchant Pogankin, there are collections of silver items of the twelfth - seventeenth centuries, the Pskov icon of the twelfth century, folk arts and crafts, "The Heroic Past of the Pskov Land", ancient coins. Pogankin Chambers Built by the order of the famous and richest Pskov merchant Sergei Ivanovich Pogankin, whose surname gave the name to the chambers. Sergei Pogankin was in charge of the cash yard and customs in Pskov, was the head of the tavern, and conducted extensive trade. And he built the chambers on a grand scale. Whole complex stone buildings The U-shaped form was erected at the same time. The three-story building was intended for the family of the owner himself, the second building - two floors - for the family of his adult son. The one-story building housed the kitchen. In 1711, the Pogankin Chambers moved from the owners to the department of the Main Provisional Office for warehouses for food and fodder. In 1900, at the request of the public, the chambers were transferred to the Pskov Archaeological Society for the organization of a local history museum in them. Since that time, the history of the chambers has been inextricably linked with the history of the city museum. Pogankin Chambers is the largest civil building of the seventeenth century in Pskov.

Mirozhsky monastery - center cultural life medieval Pskov. The monastery was founded in the twelfth century, one of the first Christian monasteries in Rus'. In the Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Savior there is a museum of frescoes created by Greek masters in the twelfth century. 80% of the original frescoes have been preserved; by the decision of UNESCO, this monument is included in the number of unique works of world art.

If you have transport, you can visit the Snetogorsk Monastery, which is located within the city and see the monument to Alexander Nevsky, which was erected in memory of the Battle of the Ice in 1242.

I haven't told everything about it. amazing city. Many milestones in history are connected with Pskov. The city in the sixteenth century withstood a year and a half siege by the Polish army of Stefan Batory. On the evening of March 2, 1917 in Pskov, on railway station Emperor Nicholas II signed a telegram to the Headquarters, which later became known as the renunciation manifesto. From 1941 to 1944, Pskov was occupied by the Nazi troops, from which it suffered greatly. The most remarkable part of the architectural heritage of Pskov is the ancient churches, whitewashed, single-domed, with characteristic belfries (sometimes free-standing, sometimes built on the slope of the temple) and porches. These features sharply distinguish them from other monuments of Russian architecture of that time, which makes it possible to speak of the Pskov architectural style. There are churches of the XII-XV centuries in the city - in most of Russia, all the buildings of this time were destroyed by the Mongols and internecine wars.

In count ancient Russian monuments The architecture of Pskov is not inferior even to Veliky Novgorod. Everything here attracts tourists to the Kremlin - an ancient stone fortress with towers, amazingly perfectly preserved to this day, churches built back in the 12th century, when the city was the capital of an independent Pskov principality. In addition, several sections of the city walls have been preserved, some of them have been completely restored. The city has many museums, sculptures and monuments.

This is one of the most visited cities, so the city authorities do not spare money for restoration. Location next to European countries gives the architectural appearance of Pskov features that are unusual for other Russian cities.

Come, you won't regret it. Ancient city will share with you my unforgettable beauty and heroic history.

I present the end of the report on the journey along the route. Where they were, what they saw on the fourth, penultimate, day of the trip. This is not a guide article, although those sights of Pskov that we saw are, of course, its main pearls - the Kremlin, Mirozhsky Monastery, ancient temples of the XIV - XV centuries, old houses and streets. I will show them today. I hope with original beautyit will also be possible to convey the spiritual atmosphere of Pskov, because they are inseparable.

We saw Pskov from a new perspective. It turned out that he hides many significant corners in his "back streets", flexible loops of the Pskov River. Pskov does not open immediately, you "flip through" it like a book, you learn step by step, you make unexpected discoveries. Nothing interesting! I'm glad we were able to get into medieval history, powerful aura. We found places consonant with the soul - on Gremyachaya Hill, on Mikhailovskaya Hill... Gasped, looking at the interiors of the Trinity Cathedral. Fell in love with.I showed embankments in the fourth part of the report. Now other sights of Pskov in the order of chronology of what they saw:

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1. Mirozhsky Monastery and Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral,
2. Church of Clement, Pope and Peter of Alexandria,
3. Cathedral of the Nativity of John the Baptist,
4. Mikhailovskaya Tower,
5. Gremyachaya Tower and Church of Cosmas and Damian from Gremyachaya Gorka,
6. cafe "Chocolate",
7. Basil's Church on Gorka,
8. Children's park and monument to Princess Olga,
9. Pskov pedestrian street - Pushkin street,
10. Menshikov chambers,
11. Mason's house
12. Blacksmith's Yard - Ksendza's House,
13. Pskov Kremlin and Trinity Cathedral,
14. Kuopio Park - Finnish Park
15. tavern "903".

Here I would add the embankments of Pskov - Olginskaya, the Velikaya River and the Pskov River, the Pogankin Chambers and the Pozharka tavern. And the list of Pskov sights is ready. Of course, it can and should be continued. But for two days in Pskov no more time. And now closer to the point.

Started from Mirozhsky monastery, one of the main attractions of Pskov. The monastery, founded in the 12th century, was named after the Mirozha River, which flows here and flows into the Velikaya River.I really wanted to be here.Last time I managed to walk only under the walls, around the monastery, because. We arrived in the evening after closing.

We enter the territory through the Holy Gates.

The main pearl of the monastery - Transfiguration Cathedral(mid-XII century), famous for its paintings.

It is believed that the frescoes of the cathedral are unique and cannot be compared with anything else in Russia in terms of their degree of preservation. We found forests inside the temple, but in general they did not greatly interfere with the inspection.

Mirozhsky monastery is small. We passed through its territory, visited the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral, others have looked buildings (rector's building, St. Stephen's church, bell tower) and went out through the gate gate church St. Stephen.

We take a look at the monastery, where we came from, and move on.

We pass from the Mirozh Monasteryalong the path along the Great, we see Church of Clement, Pope and Peter of Alexandria(Olginskaya embankment, 16) - the only thing left of the Klimentovsky Monastery. This is the 15th century, the Pskov school. Strokes (perestroika) and later centuries are visible.

I was attracted by the dome of the temple - hemispherical. Reminiscent of helmet-shaped domes of the 12th century. And, of course, the geometric ornament is good.

After visiting the Klimentovskaya Church, before moving to the other side, we go to the Cathedral of the Nativity of John the Baptist (Maxim Gorky St., 1). It was worth starting the day from here, because the Nativity Church is not far from ours. But as it happened, the legs were carried to Mirozhe ...

We couldn't see the temple inside. There were christenings, they said to come in an hour. They didn't wait. And then they didn't come back. So we looked only externally. Cathedral of the Nativity of John the Baptist on Zavelichye built in 1247 by Novgorod craftsmen. It was part of the John the Baptist maiden monastery (1240). The cathedral is the only thing left of it...

And we are moving from antiquity to the Middle Ages. We're going to the other side of the Great River,

in search of the Gremyachaya Tower. but first we find Mikhailovskaya (Sverdlov St.). The Pskov towers are a special story. Powerful, timeless, they make a powerful impression. As I said in the article, Pskov had five rings of defensive fortifications. Mikhailovskaya Tower was part of the fifth ring. Impregnable, in the middle of the swamp, besides pushed outward (which can be clearly seen in the photo), it was impregnable for the enemy. Don't let her squat appearance fool her. The tower is two thirds in the ground! We see only one and a half tiers out of four.

The name of the tower was given by the Archangel Michael Monastery, next to which the tower was erected. It is amazing how many monasteries that have disappeared in history are told by temples and towers that have survived to this day ...

The Gremyachaya Tower stands about a kilometer from Mikhailovskaya, on the opposite bank of Pskov. Outwardly, it looks different - taller, slender, it was originally higher - six-tiered. The lower tier is in the rock.A very majestic building! The Gremyachaya Tower was also part of the fortification system of the Round City, in the fifth ring of defense.

The tower stands on highshore, opposite - Finnish Park.

We drove up to the tower and parked next to it. But they decided to go a long way - rounding the remains of the fortress wall of the 16th century from the Gremyachaya Tower to Herzen Street, and then in the opposite direction along Pskov.

Part of the wall crumbled in several places.

The Gremyachaya Tower stands on Gremyachaya Mountain not alone. Nearby is the Church of Cosmas and Damian in Zapskovye, which in ancient times was part of Gremyatsky monastery. The first mention of the church - 1383, building yeschurch - 1540By the name of the church, the tower was originally called Kosmodemyanskaya.

Now the tower and the church form a single ensemble of Gremyachaya Gora monuments.

It was this place that became our favorite in Pskov - quiet, almost deserted,

very atmospheric. You sit on a high steep bank,

Near the ancient walls of the temples protect you... Grace!

The Gremyachaya Tower is full of legends - both about the enchanted princess sleeping deep underground in the crypt, and about the shadow of the prince living in the tower, which helped the Pskovites drive out the enemy. Like it or not - I do not know. But the place is special, it is it that pulls me return to Pskov most.

Finishing the topic of fortress towers and walls, I will say - in my opinion, these are one of the most interesting medieval monuments in Pskov, simply living history, not "trampled" besides crowds of tourists. Maybe you will meet a few people here, but the probability of being in silence and loneliness is very high. Enjoy Pskov here to the fullest! Ancient stones, legends, nature, views - the perfect attraction. Well, how not to touch?! And what kind of photos are obtained here!

Mysticism or mystery, but as soon as we left Gremyachaya Mountain, a downpour poured. I had to take a short break - to relax, have a bite to eat, and at the same time wait out the rain in cafe "Chocolate",

which is located on Victory Square (Fabritius Street, 2/17). I already talked about him three years ago in.

It is pleasant to note that the institution has not become worse in the past.

Food, comfort and service are all top notch. Well done!
Pancakes with chocolate.

Pancakes with chicken.

After the cafe walk around Pskov continued. We went to the Children's Park. Despite the name, here you can find not only the most common children's entertainment, including horseback riding. There are several monuments and interesting places in the park and next to it.
The first monument - very noticeable - Basil's Church on Gorka(October Avenue, 5). The temple was built in 1413-1415. This is the only church from the beginning of the 15th century that has survived to this day. Unique Temple on picturesque hill! Impossible not to notice.

In the Children's Park, or rather in the Square of the Red Partisans, there is a wonderful Monument to Princess Olga, installed to celebrate the 1100th anniversary of the city.

They wanted to erect a monument to Princess Olga on this place 100 years ago. Nicholas II approved the project, but it was not destined to come true. The First World War intervened.

After a walk through the Children's Park, we cross Oktyabrsky Prospekt. Moving to the side Pskov pedestrian street- to Pushkin street.

At the intersection of the avenue and the Pskov Arbat stands the house where Yuri Pavlovich Spegalsky lived.

Spegalsky - famous architect who devoted his life to the study of Pskov architecture. The memory of the scientist is immortalized in Pskov in several places - including the street named after him. And in this house (address: Oktyabrsky pr., 14, apt. 74) there are museum-apartment of Yu. P. Spegalsky.

Pskov Arbat is a small quiet street. Benches, lanterns, cafes - you can relax, eat. Nice place.

On Pushkin street, 13 is located Pskov Drama Theatre. A.S. Pushkin.

The building was built in 1906. Originally called people's house named after A.S. Pushkin. V. Komissarzhevskaya, F. Chaliapin, L. Sobinov, A. Duncan performed on the stage of the Pushkin House.

This is such a cute corner we discovered for ourselves in Pskov.

walking along historical center Pskov, you can find very interesting buildings different eras - the Menshikovs' chambers, the Mason's house, the priest's house. In search of these attractions we went.
Chambers of Merchants Menshikovs on Romanova Gorka (street Sovetskaya, 50) is a complex of 4 buildings. One of them now houses a souvenir shop and the Gallery of Naive Art. The so-called second chambers of the Menshikovs were built in the middle of the 17th century. We didn't hit them. It was closed. But they examined it externally, though through the bars.

Oh, what stone architraves on the windows!

Such windows are only in one of the Menshikovs' chambers.

If you walk along Nekrasov Street to Komsomolsky Lane, you can find two more historical masterpieces. First - Mason's house(Komsomolsky per., 6), built in 1909-1910. in modern style. The unusual name of the house has nothing to do with Masons. The house is named after its owner. Now the depository of the Pskov Museum-Reserve is located here. Failed to go inside. The museum was closed.

In front of Mason's house - Ksendza's house- Chambers near the Sokolya Tower, built in the second half of the 17th century (Komsomolsky per., 7).

There are many interesting things in the area between Oktyabrsky Prospekt and Sovetskaya Street - Pogankin's Chambers, the museum of the novel "Two Captains", the Church of Anastasia the Pattern Maker in Kuznetsy, and so on. We left these sights until next time. But there was one place, without which there was no way - they really wanted to visit the Trinity Cathedral in the Kremlin. That's where we went. The car was parked in a large parking lot near Lenin Square.

We went to the Kremlin on foot. There is no place to park the car. But there was an opportunity to walk around the center of Pskov, take pictures of the views and

building. For example, Cinema "October"(Lenin Square, 3) - the first and only two-screen wide-screen cinema in Pskov (1950s).

ABOUT Pskov Kremlin I told in a separate . We saw the evening Kremlin for the first time. Atmospheric, we loved it.
The Kremlin of Pskov consists of two parts - Krom (Detinets) and Dovmontov city. Dovmontov city is the center of the church and state administration of the Pskov land. The Dovmont wall, which separates the Dovmont city from Detinets, is part of the second ring of Pskov fortifications.

From the numerous temples of the Dovmontov city, only the foundations remained. The churches were dismantled in the 17th-18th centuries. In our time, during excavations, archaeologists have discovered the foundations of 10 churches and civil buildings. The foundations were mothballed and overlaid. Now, according to them, as if according to a plan, we can imagine what the city looked like.

The Great Gate to Krom and the mosaic icon "Trinity" above them.

We pass zahab and

we find ourselves in Detinets - the Kremlin.

The territory of Krom (Detinets). In the center is a cross in memory of the Annunciation Cathedral, built on this site in the 1830s. and destroyed in the 30s. the last century.

Trinity Cathedral was built at the end of the 17th century (1682-1699). This is the fourth temple on this site. You can imagine the scale of the structure by comparing it with the person who stands in the foreground in the photo. Did you see? Man seems like a grain of sand compared to the colossus of the cathedral.

We managed to visit the cathedral before the service. Happy that it happened. This is one of the most beautiful temples that we have seen.

Outside, yes, the decor is quite simple. Tiles, reminiscent of the time of construction, of course, attract attention.

As well as a memorial plaque with images of Saints Cyril and Methodius.

But when you go inside, you see a seven-tiered genuine iconostasis, miraculous icons and general decoration - gasp!

Yes, the murals died during a fire in the 17th century. But the cathedral delights even without them.

Cancer of Prince Vsevolod-Gabriel.

Miraculous icon "Holy Trinity with deeds", late 16th - early 17th centuries.

There are several miraculous icons in the Trinity Cathedral, including St. Panteleimon, icons of the Mother of God: Chirskaya and Pskov-Pokrovskaya, Princess Olga and others.

In the cathedral you can take pictures without a flash, but not during the service.

Unfortunately, we did not have time to see the whole temple. At 5 pm, the evening service began, and everyone was asked to leave.

For the future, there are thoughts to book a tour of the Trinity Cathedral in travel agency, which is located on the territory of the Kremlin. Of course, you can visit the temple on your own, it is open daily from 08.00 to 20.00. But still I want to know more about it than you can read in guidebooks and the Internet.
Well, then we just walked around the territory of the Kremlin.

Enjoyed the views and architecture.

The children frolicked.