Where in Bashkiria you can have a good rest? Open left menu republic of bashkortostan

The Republic of Bashkortostan is an amazingly beautiful region, on the expanses of which there are green forests and meadows, picturesque lakes and rivers, proud hills, monuments of ancient cultures and many mysterious caves. In winter, this beautiful place attracts ski resorts many tourists, and most beautiful photos will not let you forget about such an interesting journey.

Mount Iremel

One of the most beautiful and picturesque among Ural mountains, and is located on the boundary between Chelyabinsk region and Bashkiria. Iremel is divided into 2 parts - a large mountain range and a small one. The slopes of the mountain are strewn with huge boulders-kurums, there are also stone pits on it, in which, after rains, accumulates pure water suitable for drinking.

The peaks of Iremel are covered with snow even in summer. The mountain impresses with its picturesque vegetation, tall coniferous trees grow in its lower part, above you can see a belt with light forests, then there is a tundra with dwarf plants.

According to legend, since ancient times, Iremel was considered a holy place and ordinary people the entrance was closed. Basically, these beautiful places were visited by people with supernatural abilities (esotericists, psychics, shamans) to charge their karma.

Aigir rocks ("Teeth of Shurale")

The teeth of Shurale - this is how the local population calls the northern slope of the Karatash ridge, decorated with majestic rocks. Tourists are closer to another name - the Aigir rocks, by the name of the nearby railway station Aigir.

The rocky ridges of the mountains majestically hang over the valley of the Small Inzer. Most of the rocks have their own names, for example, the Lion's Head, which is very similar to the profile of the animal.

From the rock teeth open amazing beauty views of the surroundings. In the north, the slopes of the Small Yamantau ridge are visible, to the right of it is Big Yamantau, you can also see the Blue Rocks.

Inzerskie Zubchatki

One of the most beautiful places in the Southern Urals is rightfully recognized as the Inzerskie Zubchatki. This is a hard-to-reach range between the Tirlyan and Bolshoy Inzer rivers in the Beloretsky district of Bashkiria. The ridge got its name from the Inzer River and the rocks that proudly rise above it like teeth. The cogwheels surround some of the most majestic mountains of the southern part of the Urals: Kumardak, Yamatau, Yalangas.

There are 3 parts of the ridge, but the most beautiful and most visited is the Rock Circus. Rocks of unusual shapes in the form of teeth are spread in this place in a circle, their height reaches 33-35 meters. To the north of the Rocky Circus there is a rock Observation deck. It offers an unforgettable view to the west and the Zubchatok ridge.

Askin Ice Cave

A beautiful monument of nature, interesting for its unusual ice formations, located in the Arkhangelsk region of Bashkortostan. The entrance to the cave is located 2 kilometers from the village of Solontsy, on the eastern slope of the Uralta ridge at an altitude of 70 meters above the level of the Askyn River.

The cave is a karst bag-like cavity, which consists of a magnificent hall more than 60 wide, up to 105 long and about 26 meters high. The floor of the grotto is covered with a glacier, thanks to climatic features caves, it does not melt even in the hot summer.

Askinsky grotto is famous for its large ice stalagmites 8-12 meters high with a base diameter of up to 5 meters. The form of ice miracles is also unusual: some pillars rise almost to the ceiling. The acoustics inside the cave are also amazing, amplifying any sound. visit it amazing place it is only possible during the cold period, in summer the entrance is closed to prevent melting.

Belaya River

It is a high-water tributary of the Kama River, its length reaches 1430 kilometers. The Belaya River begins at the foot of the Avalyak Ridge and flows throughout the territory of Bashkiria.

Belaya is not only a beautiful landmark of the republic, but also its important waterway, as it enters the water transport route Moscow-Ufa, where exciting tourist rafting trips are arranged. The banks of the river are covered with forests and steppe; willows, poplars, and wild rose bushes are often found here.

Pike, roach, perch, catfish, chub, sterlet, silver bream, zander, sabrefish, minnows, trout and other fish live in the river. The Belaya coast is very picturesque, and the water surprises with its transparency.

Waterfall Gadelsha

One of the largest and bewitching waterfalls of the republic. The waterfall Gadelsha, also known as Ibragimovsky, is located on one of the tributaries of the Khudolaz River on the eastern side of the Irendyk ridge. It consists of 3 cascades, overall height which is about 15 meters.

Gadelsha has been a complex natural monument of Bashkiria since 1965 and is protected by the state. This is due to the fact that more than 270 plant species grow there, most of which are listed in the Red Book of Bashkortostan.

Waterfall Atysh

The name of the waterfall is translated as "shot". It really seems to be shooting from the grotto of the Kuz-yaz-tash cave, breaking through it. The waterfall is unique in that it flows out of the rock and falls from a sheer height (about 4 meters above the level of the Lemeza River), there are no others like it in the Urals.

Formed under the waterfall small lake, also an underground river comes out to it. Near this beautiful place there are many caves, one of which is Zapovednaya, previously there was a sanctuary for the ancestors of local residents.

Kuperlya waterfall

In the territory national park"Bashkiria" near the Nugush reservoir, popular among tourists, is the picturesque Kuperlya waterfall. It was formed on the tributary of the Nugush River - the Kuperlya Stream.

The stream flows down from the mountains in a fast stream, and over several hundred meters the height difference is at least 100 meters. Thanks to this, stunningly beautiful waterfalls were formed, falling from the rocks. In the spring, when a very turbulent stream flows, the water falls from 2 rocky ledges about 10 meters high each. IN summer time the stream becomes shallow, in some places it disappears underground in ponoras.

An amazing Karst Bridge hangs over the waterfall - a large arch about 20 meters high and 30-35 meters long. The length of the hanging part is 10 meters. Many years ago, the Kuperlya River flowed underground here in the rocks. Over time, the rock was destroyed and as a result, only this Karst Bridge remained from the underground cavity along which the stream ran.

Lake Karagaikul

Located in the Uchalinsky district of Bashkortostan. Lake Vorozheich (Karagaykul) is very interesting for its legends and stories, geology and unique beauty. According to legend, in ancient times, magical rites were performed on its banks, hence the magical name Vorozheich appeared.

The lake is home to crucian carp, tench, roach, bleak, pike, perch. It's very beautiful nature: water lily, reeds, hornworts and egg-pods grow near the coast; surrounded by small hills, which are overgrown with birch trees.

This amazing and beautiful place attracts not only nature lovers, but also geologists and lovers of stones. Jasper, a valuable ornamental stone, comes to the surface near Karagaikul.

Spring Lake Sarva

In the Nurimanovskiy district of Bashkiria, near the village of the same name Sarva, there is a lake-spring of extraordinary beauty. It has a small area - only about 30 meters wide and 60 meters long, but its depth is more than 50 meters.

The Sarva spring is a hydrological monument of nature. The water in it is so clear that you can see how the bank of the spring breaks off and falls deep down, as if you are standing on the edge of a bottomless cliff.

The taiga comes close to the lake, endowing tourists with generous strawberry glades, mysterious forest nooks and crannies, and unexpected meetings with the inhabitants of the thickets - wild boars, foxes, hares.

Source Red Key

The most powerful source in Russia and the second largest in the world. The red key is the exit to the surface underground river Yaman-Elga. A strong stream beats from two large connecting karst funnels: the depth of one is 38 meters, the second - 20 meters.

The source water is saturated big amount minerals and trace elements, and a lot of lime is also dissolved in it. Scientists have calculated that in 1 second the source throws out about 1 kilogram of limestone with water.

In the 19th century, a mill worked in this place, then a paper mill and a small power plant. Their generators were driven by the energy of the source water. The factory was closed in the mid 1970s. A bottling plant now operates in its place. drinking water"Red Key". Despite the content of carbonates, the water is drinkable, pleasant to the taste and clean.

Shulgan Tash Nature Reserve

Located in the southern part of the Urals, its area occupies more than 22 hectares. The main reason for the founding of Shulgan Tash was the honey-bearing Burzyan airborne bee; about 140 bee families live in the reserve.

The reserve has become home to 206 species of birds, 30 species of fish, as well as amphibians, reptiles and mammals. 67 species of Shulgan Tasha animals are listed in the Red Book of Bashkortostan, 31 species - in the Red Book of the Russian Federation.

Ornate is a beautiful place and representatives flora: over 800 plant species, 233 lichen species, 184 moss species, 202 algae species. 57 of them are listed in the Red Book of Bashkortostan, 14 - of the Russian Federation.

Kapova cave

One of the most beautiful places in Bashkiria, located in the Burzyansky district on the territory of the Shulgan Tash reserve. The cave is famous for its rock paintings from the Paleolithic period and has historical, archaeological and cultural significance.

Kapova Cave was formed several million years ago by washing out the soil with the waters of the Shulgan Tash River and has a length of more than 3 kilometers. The entrance to it is located in the southern part of the slope of Mount Sarykuskan on the right bank of the Belaya River - this is an impressive arch called the Portal.

Kapova cave has 3 tiers, the length of the first is about 300 meters, then you can climb the vertical well to the second, from which there is a steep descent to the lowest floor to the channel of the Underground Shulgan Tash.

Most of rock paintings is in the middle tier.

Museum of beekeeping

It is considered the property of Bashkortostan, which contains many years of experience of ancient and modern beekeepers in the form of exhibits: beehives, flight attendant's tools, tubs, honey extractors, etc.

On the territory of the museum there is a stationary apiary, which is surrounded by honey plants: linden, alder, oak, clover, chamomile, cumin, St. John's wort and others. The entrance to the apiary is decorated with a majestic full-length statue of a bear.

South Ural Reserve

Most large nature reserve Bashkiria was organized on June 1, 1979 for savings and research natural resources Southern Urals, which are represented by spruce-fir, mountain-taiga forests, diverse plant communities, swamps and wildlife.

On the territory of the Ural Reserve, the most high ridges- the massif of Yamantau, Mashak, Nara, Kumardak, and lower ones - Yusha, Belyag, Kapkalka, Belyatur. The mountains here are beautiful and majestic. Their stretched, long foothills smoothly turn into steep slopes covered with forests.

The flora of the reserve is very rich, scientists have identified about 697 species of higher plants, 169 - lichens, 226 - mosses, 177 - soil algae, 121 - fungi. 20 Ural endemics grow here, 255 species of vertebrates live, including 50 species of mammals, 189 species of birds, 5 species of amphibians, 5 species of reptiles and 20 species of fish. In the forests you can meet elk, white hare, bear, wild boar, roe deer, squirrel, wolf, lynx.

Uchalinsky quarry

It is located on the outskirts of the city of Uchaly. This is one of the deepest and most striking quarries in the Urals; in terms of depth, it is in second place after the Sibay. Zinc and copper concentrates are mined in the Uchalinsky quarry. The depth of the quarry is more than 300 meters, the width is 910 meters, and the length is 1.9 kilometers.

Currently, mining takes place both in underground workings and in an open way. Over 85% of ore from the daily norm of 15 thousand tons is mined in adits and mines. In total, 111 million tons of ore have been mined since the start of the quarry.

National Park "Bashkiria"

It is located on the territory of three districts: Burzyansky, Meleuzovsky and Kugarchinsky. The western slopes of the southern part of the Urals descend here, the ridges of Yamantau, Bash-Alatau and others rise here, and the picturesque interfluve of the Nugush and Belaya rivers stretches. Reservoirs and mountain forests are the most important components of an amazing natural complex.

The real gems of this the most beautiful place Bashkortostan are "Bear's Glade" (a botanical monument created to protect an ancient plant - an oblique onion), Kuperlya Bridge (a narrow strip 35 meters long and 16 meters high, which remained above the cave after its collapse), Kutuk tract (network karst caves with many stalactites of an unusual and intricate shape).

Mosque "Sufi" (Kantyukovskaya mosque)

It is located in the village of Kantyukovka in the Sterlitamak region on the shore of an artificial lake. It is considered the most beautiful mosque in the republic.

The structure, unique in its architecture and size, is lined with polished white marble. Its territory is fenced with a beautiful patterned wrought iron fence, with artistic lighting around the entire outer perimeter.

True admiration causes and interior decoration. The mosque is decorated with beautiful Ural marble of two colors, Italian mosaics, crystal lamps and chandeliers, exquisite Persian carpets.

Gold mining is a global business operating on every continent except Antarctica. And gold mining in Bashkiria occupies a significant part in this area.

Long before any gold is obtained, a thorough survey of the area and appropriate measurements will be required. In order to determine the size of the deposit as accurately as possible, as well as to extract and process gold ore efficiently and safely.

It will take 10-20 years on average before a mine is ready to produce the material.

Huge volumes of precious rocks are mined every year in the regions of the Urals. They account for about 15 percent of total production. It is one of the richest sources of precious metals. And gold as well.

This is due to the following:

• features of the geographical location;
• moderate type of climate;
• resource location availability;
• absence of permafrost in the spring.

Currently, gold mining is carried out throughout the Urals.

The beginning of the official operation of gold mines is considered to be 1745. However, many people have previously discovered Ural gold nuggets and sold them.

So, briefly about where and how they look for gold in the Urals.

Although, as noted earlier, gold mining is currently carried out everywhere, Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk stand out against the background of all places. They are famous for their rich sources of precious metals, which have not been exhausted so far.

Every year, 20-50 tons of gold are received on the Ural side. Mining is done in several ways:

1. Manually. Specialists independently wash the sand, and then sift.
2. Rudny method. Such work is carried out, as a rule, in mines.
3. With the use of a drag. A dredge is a special machine used for washing soils.
4. hydraulic method. Workers use a special pump that erodes rocks.

As a rule, in most cases the ore method is used. It is the most convenient and actively used throughout the Russian territory.

The mine with large gold reserves, which was discovered first, was precisely in the Urals. And it was called "Berezovsky". It happened in 1747 near river waters Berezovka, flowing near Yekaterinburg. A little 9-year-old girl discovered gold pieces while playing in the sand. And so it became known about one of the largest deposits.

This 300-year-old mine still exists today. Its area has been fully explored by gold miners, although it has a length of tens of kilometers.

Many experts argue that the Urals gold reserves are far from exhausted. According to research, prey will exist for about a century. At the same time, the predicted amount is at least 20 tons annually.

In addition, they are actively studying hard-to-reach places where miners have never set foot before. In many of them, gold and other precious rocks are found.

Gold mining in Bashkiria

At the level of Russia, Bashkiria is one of the largest gold producers. So, in 2015, about 7.5 tons of precious metals were mined in the Bashkir territory, among which gold was not the last.

On the territory of Bashkortostan, there are four main regions where gold has been mined for a long time. All deposits have differences in the nature and composition of the metal mined there:

• Sakmara-Tanalyk zone - placers;
• The Uchalinsky district is predominantly a gold-sulfide deposit;
• Baymaksky district - this area is characterized by gold-polymetallic mining;
• Beloretsk region. In Uchalinsky, as well as Baimaksky districts, the largest concentration of quartz gold veins.

And throughout the east of the South Ural slope, gold-quartz compositions are dispersed. Some of them are also present in the areas of the Upper Avzyan.

Most of the Trans-Ural deposits with pyrite ore are high-quality sources of both gold and copper.

The large concentration of precious deposits in Bashkiria is due to the number of oxidation zones in the deposits. Currently, geological work and the search for new gold deposits are being actively carried out in Bashkortostan. A number of potential rich sources have already been found.

Recently, private gold mining in places of abandoned mines has been legalized here. Absolutely anyone can come here with a metal detector and start looking. True, the probability of finding something is small. Since these places have been bypassed by professionals for a long time.

Gold mining in the rivers of Bashkiria

Many deposits can be found near river waters. With sufficient awareness, it is possible to find a placer even in shallow water.

In Bashkiria, there are many rivers in which there is gold.

Rivers play a significant role in the gold mining industry of Bashkiria.

Before proceeding with the extraction itself, experts examine the components of the bottom, since gold is not found in every river section.

The presence of metal also depends on the nature of the soil. Hydrologists deal with this issue. Often, placer gold can be found in the beds of dried up rivers. In the form of sediment.

Some of the deposits of former river flows may also contain gold. The richest deposits in this regard:

• alluvial and channel;
• terraced and bottom.

Before starting to look for gold, miners study all sorts of data. Like such as the causes of the appearance of metal in the soil and the nature of its movements.

Due to the fact that metal is several times heavier than water, it is easy to calculate its movements. The stronger the water flow, the higher the probability of displacement of resources. Distance and direction are calculated in the same way.

However, gold rarely travels far. Is that just a gold placer. Nuggets, especially large ones, simply crawl along the bottom surface in the direction of the current. Due to the weight of the nugget and the law of attraction, the speed of movement is minimal.

In the vast majority of situations, the placer occurs either at the end of the bend of the river channel, or at the beginning. There is also a high probability of finding gold in the inner river bend.

Geology of alluvial deposits

A placer deposit is a concentration of natural gold accumulated in sediments. For example, in riverbeds and streams.

Gold produced by weathering or other processes is likely to accumulate in alluvial deposits due to its light weight and corrosion resistance. In addition, its characteristic yellow color makes it easily and quickly recognizable even in very small quantities.

For this type of gold mining, special mining trays and sieves are often used. They are a container made of sheet iron with sloping sides and a flat bottom, which is used for washing gold-bearing soil or other material containing heavy minerals. Alluvium is carefully screened for valuable materials.

The material washing process is the simplest and most commonly used. This is a less expensive method of separating gold from silt, sand, and other stream deposits.

It's tedious work. And only with practice a person becomes a professional in his activity.

Hydrogeochemical exploration

Groundwater may also contain subsurface deposits. As groundwater passes through the deposit, a small amount of gold is washed out of the rocks. Sometimes it can be found in parts of groundwater drawn from wells.

Over the past few centuries, Bashkiria has been carefully explored by enthusiasts. They were looking for precious metals in both the most famous areas and the little-known ones. The results of their activities have never been fully documented.

But incomplete data suggests that only a few people out of many thousands who searched one or another part of the deposits ever found valuable resources. Most of the "golden" areas were explored by industry pioneers, many of whom were quite experienced in their field. Therefore, gold ore is rare there.

However, the development of new, highly sensitive and relatively inexpensive gold prospecting methods has greatly expanded the possibility of finding deposits. Now the extraction of gold is real and in hard-to-reach places.

They can be quite large. And therefore suitable for the work of modern mining and metallurgical plants. Geologists and engineers who explore remote Bashkir regions systematically find small placers of gold.

Facts from the "golden" history of Bashkiria

The vast majority of the world's gold has been mined in the modern post-war era. It is not known for certain how many centuries gold mining was carried out in the Southern Urals. But we can definitely say that she showed herself at the end of the 18th century.

In the Uchalinsky district, even before the revolutionary times, a large gold ingot was somehow discovered, which weighed about 16 kg. And, after some period, they found another one - weighing 5 kg. He was given the name "Irndyk Bear" and placed in the local central museum. It is possible to visually study it and even touch it today.

At the end of May 1812, the monopoly on the extraction of this metal was abolished. And all the inhabitants of Russia were allowed to search for gold ores. With the condition of further payment to the treasury. Until the year 26 of the same century, precious metals were mined by miners.

In the Ural south, a chemical method of extracting gold was used. This happened in the year 86 of the 19th century, when a factory was built at one of the mines for the processing of epels with gold content. The chlorination method was used.

In the period from 1832 to 1917, more than 42 tons of gold were extracted from the subsoil located in Bashkiria. About 28 tons were mined in 1885-1917. According to scientists, this clearly shows the cyclical nature of the gold mining industry and its dependence on economic and political factors.

By the 20th century, the industry reached a new level. And it was precisely this that contributed to the formation of the socialist economy some time after the Civil War. And also improved the industry throughout the republic.

In the early Soviet years, Buribaevskoye, Sibayskoye, Vostochno-Kuznechnoye and other well-known deposits were discovered. And in the east of the Uchalinsky district they found Blagodatnoye, Yuzhno-Remezovskoye and Krasnookhtinskoye.

Social and economic consequences

Despite the scale of the global gold mining industry, its socio-economic implications are not well understood. However, many reports present a number of indicators that indicate the significant contribution of the gold mining industry to socio-economic development.

In recent years, concerns have been raised about potential links between gold and illegal armed conflicts such as Civil wars. Although their share in Bashkiria is low, responsible mining is putting in place control processes to make sure that neither the companies nor the gold they produce contribute to conflict.

The conflict-free gold standard is an agreement developed by the World Gold Council. It is based on internationally recognized criteria and helps mining companies ensure that their gold is not subject to national and international controversy. The standard promotes due diligence of supply chains and reduces the likelihood of hazards.

Bashkir refiners and representatives of industry groups describe the Standard as an important step towards trust and transparency in the "golden" sphere.

Success in finding gold still goes to those who choose favorable areas. And only after a thorough study of the rocks and geology of the areas. Serious prospecting should not be undertaken by someone who does not have sufficient capital to support a long and possibly unsuccessful gold prospecting campaign.

In Russia, work on the discovery of deposits is carried out in many regions. And every year the number of successful campaigns increases. This makes it possible to increase the state gold reserves all the time. Ural is one of the leaders in this area. Most of the precious metals are mined here. And Bashkiria plays an important role in this.

Sights of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The most important and interesting sights of the Republic of Bashkortostan - photos and videos, descriptions and reviews, location, sites.

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Bashkir Academic Drama Theater named after Mazhit Gafuri

The main source of inspiration for the theater team is the work of the people's poet of Bashkortostan Mustai Karim (the tragedies "Do not throw fire, Prometheus!", "On the night of a lunar eclipse", etc.). In addition, the theater repertoire includes plays by playwrights I. Abdullin, A. Atnabaev, A. Mirzagitov, N. Najmi and others.

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Kandrykul

The sports and recreation complex "Kandrykul" is located in a picturesque corner on the shore of the lake of the same name - the second largest in Bashkortostan. The pristine nature and the cleanest air attract many tourists here, which makes Kandrykul one of the most popular places for recreation.

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National Park "Bashkiria"

National Park "Bashkiria" - perfect place for nature lovers. Tourists are beckoning picturesque forests, fast rivers, mysterious caves. Tens of thousands of people visit the park every year. The most attractive places for tourists are the Belaya and Nugush rivers, the Nugush and Yumaguzin reservoirs, and the Kutuk tract.

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The natural attractions of the Republic of Bashkortostan are the majestic Mount Iremel, on top of which you can climb, and the "man-made sea" Nugush reservoir, on the banks of which it is so pleasant to relax in one of the rest houses. Very beautiful and, importantly, nature untouched by man can be seen in the expanses of the national parks of Bashkortostan - for example, in the Bashkiria nature reserve. Its landscapes are extremely diverse: there are picturesque forests, fast rivers, and mysterious caves. Fans of skiing, as well as all those whose heart stops at the sight of majestic beauty winter scenery, are invited to active and not very rest in the ski resorts "

Bashkortostan is a popular tourist region. On its territory there are places of amazing beauty. Special attention travelers are attracted local mountains, on the slopes of which you can organize a camp, admiring the pristine nature, romantic sunrises and amazing sunsets.

Let's find out what natural sights Bashkortostan is rich in. The mountains, which have long been chosen by travelers from different parts of the world, will be discussed further in the material.

Mount Yamantau

Looking at Bashkortostan on the map, you will definitely pay attention to the highest peak called Yamantau. It is known among the local population as the "Evil Mountain". This ridge has a length of about 5 kilometers. Main mountain presented chain, Big Yamantau, has a height of 1640 meters above sea level.

The mountain is a popular tourist place. It is located on the territory of the South Ural Reserve and is protected by the authorities of the Beloretsk region.

The Bashkirs themselves consider this hill not a very friendly place. The ridge got its second name - "Evil Mountain" - because the local slopes are littered with numerous sharp stones. There are swamps around the mountain itself, which for a long time did not allow indigenous peoples to graze cattle here. Moreover, in the vicinity of Yamantau one can often meet predatory animals, in particular a bear.

Mount Iremel

The rocky massif Iremel is the second largest mountain in the Republic of Bashkortostan, the height of which is 1582 meters at the peak point. high ground is sacred place for indigenous peoples. For centuries, it was forbidden to ascend here not only to strangers, but also local population who lived at the foot of the shrine. The mountain is currently open to tourists.

In 2010, the Iremel district was given the status protected area. Fishing and hunting are strictly prohibited here. The collection of mushrooms, fruits, flowers and seeds of plants is also extremely limited.

Iremel is a real Mecca for travelers. Every year tens of thousands of people from the Urals and neighboring countries come to conquer the local peaks. And this is not surprising, because the slopes of the mountain are quite gentle. Therefore, every tourist is able to climb it, without the use of climbing equipment. Lovers come here too measured rest in the lap of nature. There are also those who are trying to find life-giving ginseng on the slopes, despite the severe restrictions that are imposed on this kind of activity.

Bashkortostan, Shikhany mountains

Shikhany is one of the largest rock massifs in the Urals. They are located on the territory of the Sterlitamak region of the republic. The mountain range is of reef origin. Local rocks were formed as a result of the drying of the sea, which existed here tens of millions of years ago, back in the Devonian period. To this day in the structure rock you can find the remains of prehistoric mollusks, fossilized algae, sponges and corals.

Today, one of the main suppliers of limestone to Russian market is exactly Bashkortostan. The Shikhany Mountains are valuable for enterprises in the city-forming sphere. Given this circumstance, nature lovers can only hope that the local rocky peaks will be preserved in their original form for future generations.

Shikhany mostly consist of steep slopes, the average height of which is about 400 m above sea level. Unique natural resources open here the widest opportunities for recreation, not only in the summer, but also winter time. The ski resorts available here are an extremely popular place for extreme sports lovers. With the first snow, numerous lovers flock here as well. active rest from all over the CIS.

Mount Yuraktau

Describing Bashkortostan, the mountains that are located on its territory, it is worth paying attention to the ridge called Yuraktau. Its surroundings are one of the most scenic spots in the region.

The local population calls the presented mountains "Bald Ridge". This name was given to the massif due to the fact that on one of its sides there is a rather low, sparse vegetation, and on the other - a dense forest.

Mount Yuraktau is located in the Sterlitamak region. This ridge stretches for an impressive distance along the Belaya River. The presented mountains are famous for their extremely steep ridges, which, oddly enough, does not in the least frighten travelers, whose influx is observed here in the summer.

One of the most popular places at the foot of Mount Yuraktau is an ancient one. Tourists who come here with their whole families traditionally organize camping on its shores.

Mount Susaktau

Susaktau is a mountain in Bashkiria of an extremely original form. From a distance, it can be confused with a man-made pyramid. Unlike other rocky ridges, if you wish, you can drive up to its foot directly by car. However, climbing the peak will be much more difficult, because its slope in some places is at least 30-35°.

Mount Susaktau is covered exclusively with low-growing plants. Some of them are extremely rare and are listed in the Red Book.

In close proximity to the hill, Her banks are particularly picturesque and are a favorite vacation spot for the local population.

Mount Yangantau

Mountain peak Yangantau (Bashkiria) is one of the most popular natural attractions of the republic. The name of the rocky hill is translated from the language of the indigenous peoples of the region as "burnt mountain". The peak received such an unusual name due to chemical reactions that occur in the thickness of its rock. Inside the mountain there is an abundance of oil shale, which oxidize, reacting with oxygen, and release heat to the surface. Hot steam that flows through cracks in the rock actually causes the impression of burning.

Yangantau (Salavatsky district) is a relatively small mountain. Its height above sea level is only 504 meters at the peak point. At the foot of the mountain flows which is a constant place for organizing tourist rafting. Rocky rock hangs over its shores. While rafting down the river, one can come across many caves of natural origin, where domestic and foreign archaeologists continue to extract unique finds to this day.

Currently protected local authorities(Salavatsky district). It has the status of a natural monument.

Mount Inzerskiye Zubchatki

Most high mountains Bashkortostan - Yamantau and Iremel, conditionally separated from each other by peaks called In the southern part, this ridge bifurcates, and here there is an accumulation of rock scattered in a chaotic manner. The northern region of the mountain forms the so-called "fortress", the walls of which are naturally formed hills. In the central part mountain range its highest peak is located, which is known among rock climbers as the "Lighthouse".

Since ancient times, travelers and hermits have settled at the foot of the Inzerskie Zubchatki. Their numerous man-made cells have been preserved here.

The structure of the upland is rich in natural resources, in particular rock crystal. Such stones are not mined here on an industrial scale. However, they are traditionally collected by amateur geologists and collectors.

Mount Naryshtau

If you look at Bashkortostan on the map, you can highlight a rather remarkable hill, which is located at the very beginning of the Ural Mountains. The height of the Naryshtau peak above sea level is only 349 meters. Therefore, the mountain is popular with tourists who can slowly climb its gentle slopes, enjoying the picturesque landscapes.

From the top of the ridge opens amazing view to the Orenburg steppes and the city of Oktyabrsky. While climbing the mountain, tourists regularly find a whole host of unique fossils: minerals, the remains of marine reptiles, and in rare cases even precious metals and stones (gold, quartz, marble).

At the top there is a depression in the rock. However, access to small cave restricted by local authorities as there is a high risk of rock falls.

Throughout the year, Mount Naryshtau is visited by thousands of people who come here from nearby cities to actively relax, enjoy wonderful views and recharge with the energy of pristine nature.

Finally

So we examined the most famous hills, which Bashkortostan is so rich in. The mountains presented in the material are invariably popular with travelers from the Urals and adjacent regions. Tourists from near and far abroad often come to enjoy the local beauties and go mountain climbing.

Part one.

No doubt, our Bashkiria is beautiful. To see all its beauty and sights, it will take a lot of time. And if you don’t know which direction to look for, and where to go, then a whole life will not be enough. But those who have little information should not be upset - that is why there is a branch of the Russian Geographical Society in Bashkiria, in order to popularize, among other things, all our interesting things.

In Bashkiria, I repeat, there are a lot of things, and at the same time there is the very best thing that you must see. So, here's a little guide.

The Nara Ridge is one of the most powerful ranges in the Southern Urals. The Maly Inzer and Maly Katav rivers originate from its slopes. Its slopes are covered with impenetrable mountain taiga. Gray tongues crash into her green sea stone rivers kurumov.
In the central part of the Nara ridge there is the Kashkatura massif, consisting of three peaks, resembling the head of an animal from the side, with horns and a light mark on the forehead. Kashka is translated from Bashkir - a light mark on the forehead of an animal.
Near Kashkatura there is a huge mountain meadow called Dvoriki, and behind it is the famous rock city. In this place from low coniferous forest rising over a vast area bizarre rocks where you can see: the ruins of fortresses, watchtowers, human figures. Between them, nature in a whimsical order laid "streets" and "lanes".
The rock city, like the entire Nara ridge, is located in the Yuzhnouralsk State Nature Reserve.

4. Askynskaya ice cave.

The Askyn ice cave is located on the border of the Arkhangelsk and Gafuria regions of Bashkiria and is the most big cave bag-shaped type in the Urals.

The entrance to the cave is located on the left side of the Maly Askyn stream, 2 km east of the Solontsy village.

Inside the cave is a huge hall, 100 by 60 meters and 34 meters high. The floor of the cave is covered multi-year ice from which "grow" ice sculptures, stalagmites and stalagnate columns.

In terms of ice reserves, the cave is in many ways superior to the famous Kungur.

The formation and preservation of icing in the cave is due to several factors: in the cave, as in stone bag cold air flows in and stagnates there. Water seeps through the cracked vault and freezes. The ice in the Askyn cave does not melt all year round.

In addition, a fantastic echo "lives" here. Any word, even spoken very quietly, is immediately divided into hundreds of voices.

Askynskaya Cave is a natural monument of federal significance and a popular tourist attraction.

5. Ridge Inzerskie teeth.

The Inzerskiye Zubchatki ridge is located in the north of the Beloretsk region of Bashkiria, not far from the village of Tirlyansky. Moreover, when examining the map, it becomes clear that the ridge has nothing to do with the Inzer River, since the river begins quite far from it. Such a toponymic incident!

The Inzerskie Zubchatki ridge is small, only 10 km long. However, this is the case when the spool is small, but expensive. Throughout its length, the Zubchatki are a heap of rocks and cliffs. If you look closely, you can see in them a resemblance to human figures or animals. Is here and high peaks, the real teeth, similar to the teeth of a fantastic ancient fish. Apparently for this similarity, the ridge got its name.

Inzerskiye Zubchatki are very popular with climbers, because the rocks allow you to test your skills like nowhere else.

Not far behind climbers and tourists. The "folk" trail to Zubchatki is not overgrown all year round.

Mountain, or rather a whole mountain range, Iremel is located in the north-east of the Uchalinsky district of Bashkiria, on its border with the Chelyabinsk region. Main summit massif, Mount Big Iremel has a height of 1582 meters above sea level. This is the second highest peak in the Southern Urals.

Due to its height, Iremel is the embodiment of all the diversity of the South Ural nature. On its slopes there are several natural areas, from the belt of mixed forest, to the arctic desert at the top. Climbing Iremel is like traveling from south to north, only everything happens much faster.

Iremel was, and still is, a sacred peak among the Bashkirs. Many legends are associated with Iremel. In ancient times, it was allowed to climb here only, and ordinary people were ordered to go to the top.

Today Iremel is one of the most popular tourist sites in Bashkiria. To regulate the anthropogenic load on fragile mountain ecosystems, in 2010, a natural Park"Iremel".