Ural mountain 1895 meters high. The height of the Ural mountains and interesting facts

Mountain climbing has always attracted tourists, romantics, photographers and everyone who is close to "high-rise" romance. Most of the most famous Ural peaks very difficult to pass and requires special training, equipment and expensive transportation.

Those who are just starting their "alpine" path should pay attention to the five peaks of the Ural Mountains, accessible to beginners.

Konzhakovsky stone.

This peak attracts with its accessibility and picturesqueness, being considered the most popular for hiking ascents in the Northern Urals. It got its name thanks to the Vogul hunter Konzhakov, whose yurt was located at the foot of the mountain for a long time. Tourists call it simply - Konzhak.

The highest point of the Konzhakovsky stone is located at an altitude of 1569 m, and is one of the highest peaks of the Ural Mountains, closing the Konzhakovsky extended ridge, numbering 6 hills.

The massif impresses with its picturesqueness and incredibly beautiful panoramas. The mighty coniferous forests of the lower part of the massif are gradually replaced by mountain tundra and stone "rivers" - kurumniks. These places are so popular with artists and photographers that the glade located at the foot is called the "Glade of Artists".

At the top, brave travelers will be met by an obelisk erected in honor of the 300th anniversary of the metallurgical production of the Urals. It was not installed here by chance - the rocks that make up the mountain range are considered quite valuable metallurgical raw materials.

Climbing options: summer.

Optimal time for hiking end of July-mid August. At this time, it is already quite warm on the Konzhakovsky stone, the snow completely disappears from the hiking trail, and there is little rainfall. The total length of the route will be about 21 km. For owners of off-road vehicles, the ascent can be shortened by driving along the forest road towards Konjak for about 7 km.

The route is quite long, so it is better to split it into two or three days:

1. The first day. Reach the "Glade of Artists" and set up camp. There is a spring in the meadow clean water, enough convenient places for tents.
2. Second day. Climb to the highest point and return to the camp. From the parking lot, the road will take about 7 km. The trail is marked, so you can't go wrong. In addition, Konjac summer time- the place is very popular, there is always someone to ask for directions.
3. Day three (optional). If there is no strength left after the ascent, and the road is long, it is better to spend the night in tents, and in the morning with fresh strength go back.

In summer, you can also run to Kozhak: every year on the first Saturday of July, the Konzhak International Skyrunning Marathon is held on the Konzhakovsky massif - running through the mountains. The official website of the marathon is http://marafon.krasnoturinsk.org.

Climbing options: winter.

In winter, Konjac "pleases" with a cold piercing wind and is very low temperatures. At this time, here you can meet only rare tourists and climbing camps.

Skiing is the preferred option for winter travel. For hiking, you will have to sweat a lot, making your way in a snowy massif.

This peak is especially appreciated by amateurs. skiing and snowboards. The thickness of the snow cover allows you to perform the most daring tricks on the slopes, creating an ideal platform for extreme skiing.

It is important!

Mountain ranges are unpredictable terrain, so you should not completely rely on the weather forecast. Do not try to climb in the evening, in dense fog or rain, in poor visibility it is easy to lose the landmarks marking the route.

When climbing, be sure to take care of the supply of water, warm, windproof clothes and comfortable closed shoes - part of the trail goes along the kurumnik. And of course, a camera - the views that open up will not leave anyone indifferent.

How to get there?

The nearest settlement is Karpinsk. From here it will be necessary to move towards Kytlym, after about 50 km. from the city there will be a turn to the Katysher meadows, from where the official hiking trail starts.

If you get to Konzhak by public transport, you will have to use the Karpinsk-Kytlym regular bus or take a taxi to the desired turn.

Big Iremel.

Among the picturesque meadows and mountains of Bashkiria, the majestic Big Iremel rises - one of the highest peaks of the Southern Urals (1582 m.). This amazing mountain also called the "father of the Ural rivers", because at the foot of the Iremel the legendary Belaya (Agidel) and the mighty Ural originate.

Big Iremel is part of the ridge of the same name, the second half of which is called Small Iremel. Journey to the "small" part mountain range not suitable for every tourist - long kurumniks with large boulders become a serious obstacle on the way to the top. But, Big Iremel will gladly meet anyone: both experienced climbers and beginners making their first ascent.

IN good weather opens from the top amazing view to the neighboring ridges: Zigalga, Bakty, Nugush and other picturesque massifs. Along the way, you will change several natural belts: from relic coniferous forest to dwarf tundra birches. The final hill is crowned with a "tree of happiness" - a flag, on the support of which ribbons "for happiness" are knitted.

Climbing options: summer.

Summer is the perfect time to visit Big Iremel. Warm, settled weather will allow you to comfortably climb to the top, admire the surroundings, without becoming a “victim” of unexpected rain or snowfall.

Iremel massif is part of the national natural park. The beginning of the tourist route is marked with a map-scheme, and the trails themselves are carefully marked. True, you will have to pay for the pleasure: a ticket costs about 30 rubles, and all proceeds go to clearing trails, equipping parking lots and routes, etc.

The length of the main route will be only 13 km. therefore, it will take only one day to feel like a “king of the hill”. For those wishing to continue their journey in the vicinity of Iremel, there are a lot of natural attractions and small neighboring peaks, although such an “expedition” will take several days.

At the foot of the Big Iremel there is a small village of Tyulyuk, overflowing with all kinds of tourist shelters and bases, so there will definitely not be any problems with parking for a car and accommodation. Here enterprising locals offer a lot additional entertainment: horseback riding, Russian bath, shooting range, instructor support, etc.

Like the Konzhakovsky stone, Iremel is popular place for the annual skyrunning competition. The official website of the mountain marathon is los.trg.ru.

Climbing options: winter.

In winter, Big Iremel becomes insidious and dangerous mountain. Low clouds, snowfalls and unexpected blizzards become a serious obstacle on the way to the summit. In addition, due to the deterioration weather conditions, the park administration may prohibit access to the route. So, in winter, it is better to admire Iremel from Tyulyuk.

It is important!

The route passes through the mountainous terrain and the territory of the national park, so for a safe and comfortable travel it is better to follow a few simple rules:

1. Don't try to climb the mountain bad weather. Picturesque panoramas will still not be visible, but wet feet and a lot of unpleasant sensations are definitely guaranteed.
2. Do not neglect warm clothes and take care of shoes - it is almost always very windy at the top, sometimes very damp.
3. Don't light fires. The route runs along the relic coniferous forest where "illegal" parking and campfires are strictly prohibited. There are special areas for recreation in the park.

All information about the park, routes and accommodation options can be found on the official website - pp-iremel.ru.

How to get there?

If you use your own car, there will be no particular difficulties - you need to move towards Ufa to the village of Tyulyuk. Iremel can be seen from the entrance to the village, signs lead to the beginning of the trail.

Without a car, the path will be a little more difficult: first you need to get to the Vyazovaya station (by train from Chelyabinsk or Ufa), then by bus to Tyulyuk.

Vogul stone, Kvarkush plateau and Zhigalan waterfalls.

The Vogul stone is the highest point of the Kvarkush plateau, which stretches for 60 km. The Vogul stone is a few stone remnants, slightly rising above the plateau. Most of the year, the remnants are covered with snow, the snowfields "leave" the plateau only in mid-July - early August. The Vogul stone is an integral part of the most picturesque route along Kvarkush with a visit to the Zhigalan waterfalls.

Comfortable and safe travel on the Kvarkush plateau is possible only in the middle of summer. In the autumn-winter period, strong snowstorms, huge snow drifts reign here, and in the spring, melting glaciers bring real floods, making climbing very difficult. In addition, a winding dirt road in winter blizzards and spring floods can be a very unpleasant “surprise” for drivers.

Climbing options: summer.

It is worth starting the ascent from the lower cascade of the Zhigalansky waterfalls. A powerful stream of water escapes from the plateau, creating three cascades amazing beauty. The two lower ones surprise with their unusual shape, and the upper one offers an amazing view of the “gorge of waterfalls”. It is easy to recognize the upper cascade - a “happy” tree grows near it, hung with numerous ribbons.

A well-trodden hiking trail leads along the waterfalls to the foot of Kvarkush, although sometimes there are intertwining roots, small boulders and fallen trees on it. Majestic cedars and numerous northern vegetation will accompany you: from the usual blueberry to the rare shiksha berry, however, the latter “appears” only on the plateau itself.

The winding path will lead you to the beginning of the ascent to Kvarkush. The plateau is greeted by kurumniks, which are best climbed in closed and most comfortable shoes.

After climbing to the plateau, a stunning panorama of the Ural Range will open, a little to the left you will see the Vogul stone and the remains of the Three Brothers.

Climbing and admiring the beauties of Kvarkush will take a whole day, so it is better to take care of the camp in advance - there are spacious parking areas at the very beginning of the waterfalls.

Climbing options: winter.

Climbing Kvarkush in winter is a big risk. Snow completely covers the hiking trail, and strong winds at the top of the plateau seriously impair visibility. For lovers of winter extreme sports, the best option is to visit the waterfalls without climbing the plateau as part of a “weekend hike”. If there is no desire to return back on the same day, you can spend the night at the Zvezda base, located nearby.

It is important!

Beauty is beauty, and safety is above all. In order not to spoil your walk, take care of a number of necessary things in advance:

1. Clothing and footwear. Even in summer, a rather cold wind constantly blows on the plateau, so a sweatshirt or jacket is a mandatory piece of equipment.
2. Water supply. There is no water on the plateau, and the rise will take quite a lot of strength. Take a bottle of water to stave off thirst.
3. A hat that will protect you from overheating and sunburn in the summer.

How to get there?

The nearest city is Severouralsk. From there, the road will go to the village of Bayanovka, after passing which you will get to a dirt road going to the west. It is necessary to move strictly straight along it, the main landmark is wooden bridge across the river Uls.

Double-headed hill and Taganay ridge.

The Taganay National Park is a favorite place for all lovers of outdoor activities. The “heart” of the park is the eponymous ridge with 16 peaks. Practically all "Taganai" mountains are available for visiting in the summer; maps with various routes are installed in the park.

One of the most accessible and picturesque hills is considered to be the Two-headed Sopka (1034 m). It is considered the southernmost peak of the ridge, which received its name because of the two "heads" - remnants of a characteristic shape. The two-headed is divided into several parts, you can climb everything except the "Climbing wall" - a single rock with almost vertical walls. On the eastern side of the Sopka is the most famous source of the park - the Taganay spring.

Climbing options: summer.

The first 6 km. the paths will pass along a wide and dry path. You can make a halt at the equipped site near the spring Beliy (Taganaisky) key, here you can also draw water. Further, the road will become a little more complicated - you will have to climb first along a specially equipped iron staircase, then along a rather steep path along " stone river". With an impromptu observation platform The two-headed one will reveal all the splendor of the Taganay ridge with stunningly beautiful "neighbors" - other peaks of the park. You will have to return by the same route. The entire trail is marked with large signs so you won't get lost. If you start climbing early in the morning, the entire route will take one day.

For those who find climbing Sopka not enough, other peaks are waiting, but such a journey can last from two days to a week.

Climbing options: winter.

Dvukhlavaya is a rare route available for visiting in winter. Park workers are trying to clear the main hiking trails, but sometimes the weather makes its own adjustments. Therefore, before starting a winter walk, be sure to check if the park is open to the public.

There are 5 tourist shelters in the park, in winter it is better to refuse to spend the night in a tent and go to one of them.

It is important!

A visit to the park is paid, the price of an entrance ticket is 100 rubles. from a person. When visiting the park, it is better to follow certain rules and take care of your own comfort in advance:

1. Taganay peaks are famous for unpredictable weather. Be sure to bring warm clothes, and in spring and autumn, a raincoat and hat will also come in handy.
2. Parking and overnight stays in the park are allowed only in specially equipped places. Making unauthorized fires is strictly prohibited.
3. Move only along the equipped path, leaving the route may result in a fine or an unpleasant encounter with stone scree, swamp and other “surprises”.
4. Driving on cars and ATVs in the park area is prohibited. Cars can be left at the equipped parking lot at the main entrance.

Detailed maps, descriptions of parking lots, seasonal work schedule and all other information are available on the park's official website - http://www.taganay.org.

How to get there?

The park is located almost on the northern outskirts of the city of Zlatoust. By car, you need to get to Zlatoust, passing through it, you will get to the central park estate.

By public transport, it will be necessary to get to Pushkinsky village, from here to the estate - 800 m.

Stone old man.

Behind this popular name in the Middle Urals is a small but extremely picturesque peak, located on the border of the Visimsky Reserve. A small height (only 755 m.) More than pays for the "wildness" and pristine nature of this peak. At the top of the mountain, the Ural Old Believers and "dashing people" were hiding for a long time, in whose memory a small memorial plaque was installed there.

The summit is located on a small ridge, where small cedars grow freely, and a dizzying panorama of the Merry Mountains massif opens up.

Climbing options: summer.

In summer, there can be two routes: on foot and by car. hiking trail available at any time, but you can drive a car only in dry weather. Fans of road trips are better off using a cross-country vehicle - the road is “pleasant” with clay soils, fairly deep ditches and a complete lack of coverage.

At the foot there is a “self-made” parking lot: several logs as benches, a rickety table and a fire pit. From here to the highest point is less than a kilometer, although you will have to climb along the stone scree. From the top, a harsh landscape of the Ural Mountains will open, and a little lower you will see a “hanging” swamp - a swampy clearing surrounded by rocky outcrops.

Climbing options: winter.

in winter walking tour may cause difficulties due to the abundance of snow, but the ski route will be quite accessible.

Also in winter, snowmobile enthusiasts appreciated these places - the absence of tourists, cars and a wide trail-road made Starik-Kamen a popular route for snowmobile enthusiasts.

It is important!

There is no infrastructure here, so you will have to carry everything you need with you. The only thing you should not worry about is the supply of water: you can get it in the Alexey spring, located at the beginning of the trail. There will be no problems with firewood in the parking lot - there is a lot of dead wood around, some tourists specially leave a supply for the next visitors.

There are no signs to the top. In order not to make a mistake, it is better to use the navigator. Mountain coordinates: 57°30’35″N 59°42’18″E.

Staying overnight on Starik-Kamne, keep in mind that even in summer it gets cold at night in the mountains, stock up on warm clothes in advance. Tents should be set up in a clearing with a fire pit - it is not so windy and cold here at night.

Travel by road is available only for cross-country vehicles, it is better to leave cars in the village or near the spring.

How to get there?

The main guideline - ski resort"Mount Yezhovaya". Having reached the mountain, it is necessary to continue moving past it towards the village of Karpushikha. After entering the village, the main road will lead you to the spring "Aleksey", equipped with a large sign. Here the asphalt road ends and the gravel-clay road begins, gradually rising up. She will lead you to the top.

Photo: , shutterstock.com

In ancient sources, the Ural Mountains were called Riphean or Hyperborean. Russian pioneers called them "Stone". The toponym "Ural" is most likely taken from the Bashkir language and means "stone belt". This name was introduced into use by the geographer and historian Vasily Tatishchev.

How did the Urals

The Ural Mountains stretch in a narrow strip for more than 2,000 km from the Kara Sea to the steppes of the Aral Sea region. It is assumed that they arose about 600 million years ago. Some scientists believe that several hundred million years ago, Europe and Asia broke away from the ancient continents, and gradually approaching, collided with each other. Their edges were crumpled at the points of collision, some part of the earth's crust was squeezed out, something, on the contrary, went inside, cracks and folds formed. Giant pressure led to stratification and melting of rocks. The structures extruded to the surface formed a chain of the Ural Mountains - a seam that connected Europe and Asia.

Movements and faults of the earth's crust have occurred here more than once. For several tens of millions of years, the Ural Mountains were subjected to the destructive effects of all natural elements. Their peaks were smoothed, rounded, became lower. Gradually the mountains acquired modern look.

There are plenty of hypotheses explaining the formation of the Ural Mountains, but the theory of a seam connecting Europe and Asia makes it possible to more or less intelligibly link together the most contradictory facts:
- the presence almost on the surface of rocks and deposits that can form only deep in the bowels of the Earth under conditions of enormous temperatures and pressures;
- the presence of siliceous plates of clearly oceanic origin;
- sandy river deposits;
- boulder ridges brought by the glacier, etc.
The following is unequivocal: the Earth as a cosmic body exists for about 4.5 billion years. Rocks have been found in the Urals that are at least 3 billion years old, and none of modern scientists denies that the process of decompacting cosmic matter is still going on in the universe.

Climate and resources of the Urals

The climate of the Urals can be defined as mountainous. The Ural ridge serves as a dividing line. To the west of it, the climate is milder and there is more precipitation. To the east - continental, drier, with a predominance of low winter temperatures.

Scientists divide the Urals into several geographical zones: Polar, Subpolar, Northern, Middle, Southern. The highest, undeveloped and hard-to-reach mountains are located on the territory of the Subpolar and Southern Urals. The Middle Urals are the most populated and developed, and the mountains there are the lowest.

48 types of minerals have been found in the Urals - copper pyrite, skarn-magnetite, titanomagnetite, nickel oxide, chromite ores, deposits of bauxite and asbestos, coal, oil and gas deposits. Also found are deposits of gold, platinum, precious, semi-precious and ornamental stones.

In the Urals, there are about 5,000 rivers flowing into the Caspian, Barents and Kara Seas. The rivers of the Urals are extremely heterogeneous. Their features and hydrological regime are determined by differences in terrain and climate. There are few rivers in the Polar region, but they are full of water. Rapids, fast rivers of the Subpolar and Northern Urals, originating on the western slopes of the mountains, flow into the Barents Sea. Small and rocky mountain rivers, originating on the eastern slopes of the ridge, flow into the Kara Sea. The rivers of the Middle Urals are numerous and full of water. The length of the rivers of the Southern Urals is small - about 100 km. The largest of them are Ui, Miass, Urale, Uvelka, Ufa, Ai, Gumbeika. The length of each of them reaches 200 km.

The most big river Ural region - Kama, which is largest tributary Volga, originates in the Middle Urals. Its length is 1805 km. The total slope of the Kama from the source to the mouth is 247 m.

There are about 3327 lakes in the Urals. The deepest is the Big Pike Lake.

Russian pioneers came to the Urals along with Yermak's retinue. But according to scientists, Mountain country has been inhabited since ice age, i.e. more than 10 thousand years ago. Archaeologists have discovered a huge number of ancient settlements here. Now on the territory of the Urals are the Republic of Komi, Nenets, Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous regions. The indigenous inhabitants of the Urals are the Nenets, Bashkirs, Udmurts, Komi, Komi-Permyaks and Tatars. Presumably, the Bashkirs appeared here in the 10th century, the Udmurts in the 5th, the Komi and Komi-Permyaks in the 10th-12th centuries.

The highest mountain in the Urals - Narodnaya - is the brightest gem in the natural crown of Russia. This peak now attracts thousands of travelers from Russia and Europe.

In addition to Narodnaya, in the Ural mountain system there are several more majestic peaks, each of which has unique features given by mother nature.

The following lines describe in detail the geography of the Urals and its peaks, which are worth climbing, give a description and a photo, tell the story of their discovery and name, features of the routes hiking trips and equipment that is necessary to conquer the peaks.

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Geography of the Ural Mountains

The East European and West Siberian plains are notable for the fact that it is between them that the Ural mountain system is located. It crosses Russia from north to south along approximately 60 east longitude.

Geographers distinguish 5 zones of the Ural system:

1. Polar Ural- occupies the north of the mountain system. Administratively divided between the Komi Republic and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. It is characterized by low passes and deep valleys, which transversely dissect the ridges.

   

   The Polar Urals is a mountainous region in the north of Eurasia, on the territory of Russia, the northernmost part. Mount Konstantinov Stone is considered the northern border of the region, and the Khulga River separates the region from the Subpolar Urals

2. Subpolar Urals - perhaps the highest part of the system. On the south side is Mount Telposiz, on the north - the Lyapin River. Glaciers in this zone are common. Part of the territory of the zone is included in the Yugyd Va National Park.

   

   The Subpolar Urals is a mountain system in Russia, stretching from the headwaters of the Lyapin (Khulga) River in the north (65º 40' N) to Mount Telposiz ("The Nest of the Winds", about 1617 m high) in the south (64º N). .

3. Northern Ural- a zone bounded by Mount Telposiz in the north and Kosvinsky stone in the south. The Ural Range in the territory of the zone is divided into several parallel ranges. Overall Width system in the region is 50-60 km.

   

   Northern Urals, part of the Urals from the Shchuger River in the north to Mount Oslyanka in the south. The length is about 550 km. Height up to 1617 m (Telposiz). Characterized by flattened peaks, dissected relief. On the slopes - taiga forests, above - mountain tundra and stony placers

4. Central or Middle Ural- the lowest part of the mountain system. It has 6 ridges. Their total width, together with the foothills, reaches 90 km. River valleys in the Middle Urals are quite wide. On the eastern slopes of the zone there are karst landforms: funnels, basins, wells.

   

   The Middle Urals is the lowest part of the Ural Mountains, bounded by the latitudes of Konzhakovsky Stone in the north and Mount Yurma in the south

5. Southern Urals- the widest (250 km) and southern zone of the Ural Mountains. The Southern Urals is bounded by Yurma Mountain and the Mugodzhary Range. Administratively located in the territory Russian Federation And . It is characterized by the dissection of the ridges with deep depressions and valleys.

   

   The Southern Urals is the southern and widest part of the Ural Mountains, stretching from the Ufa River (near the village of Nizhny Ufaley) to the Ural River. From the west and east, the Southern Urals is bounded by the East European and West Siberian plains

Yamantau

Yamantau is the highest place in the Southern Urals (1640 m). Peaks near the mountain 2: Big Yamantau and Small Yamantau. The peak has been known to settlers from Russia since the 17th century. It was first described by P.I. Rychkov in 1762 in his book "Orenburg Topography". Ascents to the mountain pass along its western or northern slopes, through the villages of Roar or Sosnovka.

View of Yamantau from the southern slope of Mount Kuyantau

To see Yamantau, you first need to get by train from Ufa, Nizhnevartovsk, Adler or Moscow to Beloretsk. From there, by bus or intercity taxi, you need to get to the villages of Tatly or Kuzelga, which are located at the foot of the mountain.

Note: to climb Yamantau, you do not need to use climbing equipment. But taking alpenstocks, wearing helmets, trekking boots, knee pads and elbow pads will not hurt.

Telposis

Telposiz is a massif, which consists of two peaks (h = 1617 m), located on the border of the Northern and Subpolar Urals. This mountain is called differently. The main name, translated from the Komi language, means "mountain of the nest of winds." There is also the Nenets "Ne-Khehe" translated as "mountain-woman". The last name, according to legend, was given due to the fact that on one of the peaks a woman was turned into an idol, arguing with her husband.

Telposiz (1617 m) - highest peak Northern Urals. It is located near the conditional border of the Northern and Subpolar Urals on the left bank of the Shchugor River. The Telposiza area is known for the prevalence of bad weather.

According to some historians, Semyon Kurbsky discovered the mountain. But research natural object began only at the end of the last century, when a gas pipeline was laid near it. Popular routes for tourists necessarily include a visit to the Yuzhny glacier, Lake Telpos and rafting on the Shchugor River.

The foothills of Telposis are uninhabited. The nearest village - Kyrta is 75 km away from it. The best way to get to the mountain is to first reach Syktyvkar and from there fly to Vuktyl. From the last specified city, you can order a car for pick-up at the foot of the mountain, or at least to Kyrta.

Good to know: Telposis is an easy peak to conquer. In summer, it is climbed by a group of unprepared tourists, “armed” with alpenstocks. Only for a winter trip to the mountain requires special equipment in the form of snowshoes.

Oslyanka

Oslyanka is the highest peak of the Middle Urals (1119 m). Its name, translated from Old Russian, means "river grindstone" or "log". The mountain has been known since the 17th century. Comprehensive studies of the peak were carried out in 1940 by the Ural expedition of the USSR Academy of Sciences. At the same time, rock crystal was discovered on Oslyanka.

The Oslyanka Ridge is located in the east of the Kizelovsky District Perm Territory, west of the main watershed ridge of the Urals. Oslyanka is a 16 km long mountain range stretched from north to south.

The routes offered by tourist organizations pass through the villages of Uspenka and Bolshaya Oslyanka. They provide dinners, gatherings around the fire and a visit to the bath.

The city of Kizel, closest to the mountain, is located 50 km from it. You can get to it by bus or train through. There are no roads leading from this city to the foot of the mountain. To get as close to the top as possible, you need to arrange a pick-up in advance with off-road drivers from Kizel.

Do you know that: Climbing Oslyanka does not require any climbing equipment.

payer

Payer is the highest point of the Polar Urals (h = 1499 m). Payer was discovered and mapped in 1847 by an expedition of the Russian Geographical Society.

Payer, the highest peak of the Polar Urals. Composed of quartzites, shales and igneous rocks. There are snowfields

Interesting fact: according to the head of the campaign - Ernst Hoffmann, the name of the mountain in the Nenets language means "Lord of the mountains."

Several streams flow near the mountain, which flow into a surprisingly beautiful lakes. Majority tourist groups they lay routes past these reservoirs, since flat areas near them are great for parking.

You can only come to Payer by off-road vehicle from the village of Yeletsky in the Komi Republic. Locals willingly bring tourists to the mountain for a small fee. Trains from Labytnanga, Vorkuta and Moscow run to the railway station in Yelets.

Climbing Payer is best done in the last month of summer. On a hike, you need to take safety systems, climbing ropes, jumars and other items necessary to overcome small (up to 6 meters) vertical climbs.

Folk - discovery history and description

Narodnaya is the highest peak of the Urals (1895 m). It does not stand out from the rest of the Ural peaks. It is distinguished by the presence of bowl-shaped depressions with small lakes, glaciers and snowfields.

The coordinates of the highest point of the Urals are 65°02′ N, 60°07′ E.

People's mountain highest point Total Ural Range. There are winter roads and glaciers on the mountain. On the northeastern slope there is Blue Lake”, an alpine reservoir, the purest water basin at a kilometer above sea level. From the northeast and southwest, the climb will be especially difficult, there are a large number of rock formations and overhangs

Narodnaya was discovered in 1846 by A. Reguli, examined in 1927 by geologist Aleshkov. From him the peak got its name. On the maps of Reguli, the peak was listed under the name Poen-Urr.

It is important to know: Climbing the mountain is carried out along its northern, gentle slope. They pass through the Kar-Kar pass with an overnight stay near mountain lake. Before the hike, you need to register with the administration of the Yugyd-Va National Park. An application for climbing must be submitted at least 10 days before arrival at the foot of Narodnaya.

How to get there

To get to Narodnaya, you need to get to the Inta-1 station by trains that go to Vorkuta or Labytnanga. After that, you need to get by car to the Zhelannaya quartz mining base.

General view of the base. The Zhelannaya base was created for mining. This is where the mine workers live. Quartz is mined. At the base you can rent a room for 500 rubles per person per day

From this point, you should go to the mountain on foot 15-18 km along the Balabanyu river.

What equipment to take

For hiking, you do not need to rent climbing equipment, but it is advisable to wear trekking boots, elbow pads, knee pads and a helmet.

Equipment for a beginner climber: carabiners with a clutch - 5 pieces, harness, self-belay mustache, belay device, 2 prusiks, rope climbing device - jumar, backpack for 60-80 liters, sleeping bag, carimat, mountain boots, crampons, ice ax, helmet , telescopic sticks, headlamp.

With absence tourist experience it is worth taking a guide.

Minerals of the Ural Mountains

The Urals is an inexhaustible storehouse of natural resources. It develops and extracts 48 types of minerals. Of these, the most important for Russian industry are copper pyrite and skarn-magnetite ores, bauxites, potash salts, gas, oil, and coal. Also, the Ural subsoil is saturated with minerals. More than 200 types of natural precious and semi-precious stones have been found in the mountains, which are used in various industries and in the decoration of various buildings.

The Ural Mountains amaze with the richness of their bowels. "Underground pantry of the country". The main wealth of the Urals is ores

Take note: jasper and malachite mined in the Urals are used to make the cups of the Hermitage and the altar of the Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood.

Conclusion

Each of the zones of the Urals has unique and beautiful mountains. Most of them can be climbed without special training. travel companies, clubs and centers regularly organize group trips to the Ural peaks.

The Ural Alpine Club invites you to take part in the summer-autumn training camp for climbers in the DUGOBA gorge

Some companies organize trips on bicycles, ATVs, horses. Hiking expeditions are delivered to the foothills of the mountains on off-road vehicles.

Participation in climbing any of the Ural peaks - best opportunity to get acquainted with the largest mountain system in Russia. Small Ural stones brought from a trip will be great gifts for friends and relatives.

Watch the video in which climbers and geologists talk about the most high mountain in the Urals - Narodnaya:

Ancient Ural Mountains dividing Asia and Europe. Mountains extend from extreme north to the borders with Kazakhstan, from the polar Tundra to the arid steppes. These unique places are extremely rich in natural, archaeological, historical and cultural sights.

There is an opinion that it is the Urals that is the ancestral home ancient race Aryans with unique knowledge. Many adventurers rush to these parts in the hope of getting closer to unraveling the mysteries of ancient civilizations. One of the most attractive places for researchers is the mysterious ancient city.

There are many places in the Urals that are of great interest to researchers paranormal activity. One of these places is, which is a twenty-kilometer stone ridge, consisting of three ridges. Translated from the language of the ancient Bashkir tribes that have long inhabited these lands, "Taganai" means "stand for the moon." A huge number of legends, legends, stories about amazing events are associated with this place.

They say that on Taganay, locals and tourists have repeatedly found footprints of Bigfoot, seen ghosts and UFOs landing, made contact with the Higher Mind and fell into a loop in time. Who knows how true these stories are.

There is no doubt that Taganay is indeed anomalous zone, and this is confirmed by generally accepted facts: in these parts, inexplicable failures in the operation of any equipment constantly occur, ball lightning often forms over the mountains, and absolutely healthy people are visited by strange visions.

Another incredible place is the Man-Pupu-Ner plateau, nicknamed the "Ural Stonehenge". According to local legend, located on the plateau are huge stone pillars These are petrified giants.

The height of the largest of the seven stone giants is 80 meters.

Everyone who managed to visit this ancient sacred place, feel its powerful positive energy: all anxieties and gloomy thoughts disappear, a feeling of lightness and causeless joy appears.

The island of Vera, which is located on Lake Turgoyak, is also considered a mystical "place of power".

Ural panorama

Many religious pilgrims from all over Russia are attracted by the Ural temples and monasteries. Of particular interest not only to believers, but also to everyone who is interested in the history of the country, is the Yekaterinburg Church on the Blood. This is not only a functioning temple, but also museum complex dedicated to life royal family Romanovs - it was in these places that the life of the last emperor of Russia ended.

Excursions are also conducted to the place of the last refuge of the imperial family, known as "Ganina Yama". At present, a memorial temple complex has been erected on the site of the mine where the bodies were dumped.

Traditionally, the Urals are very popular among outdoor enthusiasts. All kinds of trekking, rafting, horse riding, motorcycle and bicycle tours - this is just a small list of entertainment offered to tourists.

And in winter, traditional sleigh rides, skiing and snowboarding along the ski slopes are added.

Very popular combined tours combining leisure with educational and educational programs. One of the most popular such routes is a hike in the footsteps of the Diaghilev expedition.

In recent years, new exciting routes associated with the fall of the Chelyabinsk meteorite have appeared. Tourists are invited to make a trip to Lake Chebarkul - the site of a meteorite fall, visit the local museum of local lore, and talk with eyewitnesses.

The Ural Mountains are real paradise for speleologists. by the most interesting caves the region are: Divya, Ignatievskaya, Kungurskaya, Kapovaya caves, as well as the Sikiyaz-Tamak cave complex.

Ural panorama

Notorious thrill-seekers prefer to travel around the most difficult region in terms of tourism - the Polar Urals. In the winter months, the air temperature in these places drops below -50 °. There are very few warm days in the year, mostly in July. The sun does not set below the horizon all day this month. Complex climatic conditions compensated fantastic beauty nature. impregnable Mountain peaks, glaciers and picturesque lakes, waterfalls and rocky canyons can impress even many experienced travelers who have seen it.

Routes along the Usa and Shchuchya rivers are very popular with tourists. It is believed that only qualified watermen can overcome the most difficult rapids on these mountain rivers.

Recently, gastronomic and ethnographic tourism. One of the best places, where you can get acquainted with the culture and life of the Urals, enjoy traditional dishes local cuisine, - a museum of wooden Russian architecture in Nizhnyaya Sinyachikha.

In any case, traveling through the Urals is a wonderful opportunity to escape from everyday problems and worries, to find yourself in an unreal, fabulous beautiful world, touch the origins of national spirituality and culture.

Photos

Ural mountains. Beauty is closer than you think.

The Ural Mountains, formed due to the collision of the Eurasian and African lithospheric plates, are a unique natural and geographical feature. They are the only mountain range crossing the country and dividing the state to the European and Asian parts.

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Geographic location

In which country the Ural Mountains are located, any schoolchild knows. This massif is a chain that is located between the East European and West Siberian plains.

It is stretched so that it divides the largest one into 2 continents: Europe and Asia. Starting from the coast of the North Arctic Ocean, ends in the Kazakh desert. It stretches from south to north, and in some places it reaches 2,600 km.

The geographical location of the Ural Mountains passes almost everywhere parallel to the 60th meridian.

If you look at the map, you can see the following: central District located strictly vertically, the northern one turns to the northeast, and the southern one turns to the southwest. Moreover, in this place the ridge merges with nearby hills.

Although the Urals is considered the border between the continents, there is no exact geological line. Therefore, it is considered that they belong to Europe, and the line dividing the mainland runs along the eastern foothills.

Important! The Urals are rich in their natural, historical, cultural and archaeological values.

The structure of the mountain system

In the annals of the 11th century, the Ural mountain system is mentioned as earth belt. This name is due to the length of the ridge. Conventionally, it is divided into 5 regions:

1. Polar.
2. Subpolar.
3. Northern.
4. Average.
5. South.

The mountain range partially captures the northern districts of Kazakhstan and 7 Russian regions:

1. Arkhangelsk region
2. Republic of Komi.
3. Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
4. Perm region.
5. Sverdlovsk region.
6. Chelyabinsk region.
7. Orenburg region.

Attention! The widest part of the mountain range is located in the Southern Urals.

The location of the Ural mountains on the map.

Structure and relief

The first mention and description of the Ural Mountains comes from ancient times, but they were formed much earlier. This happened under the interaction of rocks of various configurations and ages. In some areas, and now preserved remnants of deep faults and elements of oceanic rocks. The system was formed almost at the same time as the Altai, but later it experienced smaller uplifts, resulting in a small "height" of the peaks.

Attention! The advantage over the high Altai is that there are no earthquakes in the Urals, so it is much safer to live in.

Minerals

The long-term resistance of volcanic structures to the force of the wind was the result of the formation of numerous attractions created by nature. These can be attributed caves, grottoes, rocks and so on. In addition, in the mountains there are huge mineral reserves, primarily ore, from which the following chemical elements are obtained:

1. Iron.
2. Copper.
3. Nickel.
4. Aluminum.
5. Manganese.

Making a description of the Ural Mountains according to physical map, it can be concluded that most of mineral development is carried out in the southern part of the region, and more precisely in Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Orenburg regions. Almost all types of ores are mined here, and a deposit of emeralds, gold and platinum has been discovered not far from Alapaevsk and Nizhny Tagil in the Sverdlovsk region.

Lower trough region western slope replete with oil and gas wells. Northern part The region is somewhat inferior in deposits, but this is offset by the fact that precious metals and stones predominate here.

Ural mountains - mining leader, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy and chemical industry. In addition, the region is in first place in Russia in terms of pollution level.

It should be taken into account, no matter how profitable the development underground resources, harm nature more substantial is brought. Raising rocks from the depths of the mine is carried out by crushing with the release of a large amount of dust particles into the atmosphere.

At the top, the fossils enter into a chemical reaction with the environment, the oxidation process takes place, and the chemical products thus obtained again enter the air and water.

Attention! The Ural Mountains are known for their deposits of precious, semi-precious stones and precious metals. Unfortunately, they are almost completely worked out, so the Ural gems and malachite can now only be found in the museum.

Peaks of the Urals

On the topographic map of Russia, the Ural Mountains are indicated in light brown. This means that they do not have large indicators relative to sea level. Among the natural areas, one can emphasize the most high area located in the Subpolar region. The table shows the coordinates of the heights of the Ural Mountains and the exact size of the peaks.

The location of the peaks of the Ural Mountains is created in such a way that there are unique sites in each region of the system. Therefore, all the listed heights are recognized tourist sites , successfully used by people leading active image life.

It can be seen on the map that the Polar region is medium in height and narrow in width.

The nearby Subpolar region has highest altitude, it is characterized by a sharp relief.

Of particular interest arises from the fact that several glaciers are concentrated here, one of which is extended in length by almost 1 000 m.

The height of the Ural Mountains in the Northern region is insignificant. The exceptions are a few peaks that rise above the entire range. The remaining heights, where the vertices are smoothed, and they themselves have a rounded shape, do not exceed 700 m above sea level. Interestingly, closer to the south, they become even lower and practically turn into hills. The terrain is practically resembles a flat.

Attention! The map of the south of the Ural Mountains with peaks over one and a half kilometers again reminds us of the involvement of the ridge in the huge mountain system that separates Asia from Europe!

Big cities

The physical map of the Ural Mountains with the cities marked on it proves that this area is considered to be abundantly populated. An exception can only be called the Polar and Subpolar Urals. Here several cities with a population of one million and a large number of those with more than 100,000 inhabitants.

The population of the region is explained by the fact that at the beginning of the last century there was an urgent need for minerals in the country. This was the reason for the large migration of people to the region, where similar developments were carried out. In addition, in the early 60s and 70s, many young people left for the Urals and Siberia in the hope of radically changing their lives. This influenced the formation of new settlements being built on the site of mining.

Ekaterinburg

Capital of the Sverdlovsk region with population 1,428,262 people considered the capital of the region. The location of the metropolis is concentrated on the eastern slope of the Middle Urals. The city is the largest cultural, scientific, educational and administrative center. Geographical position Ural Mountains was created in such a way that it is here that the natural path lies, connecting Central Russia and Siberia. This influenced the development of infrastructure and the economy of the former Sverdlovsk.

Chelyabinsk

The population of the city, which is located where the Ural Mountains, according to the geological map, border on Siberia: 1,150,354 people.

It was founded in 1736 on the eastern slope of the South Range. And with the advent of railway communication with Moscow, it began to develop dynamically and turned into one of the largest industrial centers countries.

Over the past 20 years, the ecology of the region has deteriorated significantly, which has led to an outflow of the population.

Nevertheless, today the volume of local industry is more than 35% of gross municipal product.

Ufa

The capital of the Republic of Bashkortostan with a population of 1,105,657 people is considered 31st city in Europe by population. It is located to the west of the Southern Ural Mountains. The length of the metropolis from south to north is more than 50 km, and from east to west - 30 km. In terms of size, it is one of the five largest Russian cities. In the ratio of the number of population and the occupied area, each inhabitant accounts for about 700 m2 of urban area.

In addition to millionaires, there are cities with a population of less than the indicated number near the Ural Mountains. First of all, you need to name the capitals administrative centers, which include the following: Orenburg - 564,445 people and Perm - 995,589. In addition to them, you can add some more cities:

1. Nizhny Tagil - 355,694.
2. Nizhnevartovsk - 270 865.
3. Surgut - 306 789.
4. Nefteyugansk - 123,567.
5. Magnitogorsk - 408 418.
6. Chrysostom - 174 572.
7. Miass - 151 397.

Important! Information on the number of population is presented as of the end of 2016!

Geology: Ural Mountains

Ural region. Geographical location, main features of nature

Conclusion

Although the height of the Ural Mountains is not great, they are the object of close attention from climbers, tourists and just people who lead an active lifestyle. Anyone, even the most sophisticated person, can find a hobby here to their liking.